Options for insulating a balcony. Do-it-yourself insulation of the internal wall of the loggia. Balcony floor insulation

Every owner of an apartment with a balcony can, to a certain extent, be considered a happy person. Due to this part of the apartment, you can expand the area of ​​your home. The balcony can be used not only as a place to store old things. With some effort, you can arrange a study there.

However, to create a room on the balcony with comfortable conditions, in which one could be without outerwear V winter time, it is necessary to take care of its additional insulation. There are quite a few options for thermal insulation of this structure. Which one to choose, each owner decides for himself. Let's look at the most common ways to insulate a balcony to turn it into a multifunctional room.

Basic concepts when working on balcony insulation

First you need to separate the two closely related concepts of "balcony" and "loggia". Many people confuse them, believing that there is no difference between them. However, there is a difference.

If we talk about the balcony, then it is a remote type structure that completely goes beyond the building. The floor on the balcony is a concrete slab, which is built into the wall. Along its perimeter it has a metal lattice fence. In the process of insulating the balcony this the grille can be sheathed with any material, namely:

• plastic;
• plywood;
• steel sheets.

But the loggia is a room in which only one side is open. It can be fenced with a parapet made of:

• metal;
• bricks;
• concrete;
• plastic.

How to insulate a balcony yourself: insulation diagram and work plan

If you set out to do the insulation of the balcony with your own hands, then you need to start work by creating a glazing structure. For the reason that the balcony is located on the street and when created it is not isolated in any way, therefore, when glazing it, it is best to use frames with double-glazed windows. For those people who live in regions with harsh climates, optimal choice There will be triple glazed windows.

By using insulation on the balcony, the effect of a "thermos" should be created. For this need to create high-quality insulation for a future room. Usage modern materials will keep the loggia warm.

Work order

If we talk about the technology of insulating balconies in general, we will note the following stages that it includes.

When the glazing structure is installed, work is done to seal all the cracks. To do this, use polyurethane foam or resort to sealants. If the cracks are too wide, they are covered with pieces of plywood or polystyrene foam is used.

Further it is necessary to waterproof all surfaces balcony from the inside. The market offers a large selection of materials for effective solution this task. For example, you can use roofing felt, which is overlapped and glued to the base. Used for gluing joints gas-burner. In addition to roofing felt, liquid penetrating agents can also be used. One of the popular ones is Penetron. It is applied to the surface using a brush or roller. After this, it is necessary to secure the insulation.

When this is done, move on to the vapor barrier device. To create it, you can use polyethylene foam with a foil layer. This material is secured end-to-end. When it is laid, it is glued with aluminum tape.

Then they move on to finishing the ceiling and walls of the future room. The owner decides what materials to use for this work. After that arrange the floor. He can be:

• liquid;
• concrete;
• wooden.

Please note that the above insulation scheme for your new room is universal. It can be used for a balcony or loggia. The main thing is to adhere to all stages and perform them in correct sequence. Should not be used when thermal insulation works something inexpensive. In this case, the insulation will be of poor quality and will not last long.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside: the easiest ways

When the task is to perform high-quality insulation of a balcony, you can use one of several methods. The choice in favor of a certain one will depend on further use insulated balcony.

On technical properties materials you need to navigate when choosing insulation for thermal insulation of a balcony. There are quite a lot of materials offered on the market, and they all differ in their characteristics. The most important of them are:

• coefficient of thermal conductivity;
• compound;
• structure.

Insulation of the balcony with foam

Penoplex is a material belonging to the group of extruded polystyrene foam. It has high thermal conductivity and excellent moisture protection. Besides this his positive quality is the flexural and compressive strength. Manufacturers offer it in the form of slabs, whose thickness can vary from 20 to 100 mm. Plates of this material can be smooth and with a surface on which there are protrusions in a tongue-and-groove pattern. The use of the latter ensures simple fastening of the material.

If in your area of ​​residence harsh winters a common occurrence, then in this case, when choosing penoplex, preference should be given to slabs with a large thickness. If you live in a region with a mild climate, then when insulating your balcony you should use a foam board up to 40 mm thick.

Methods of attaching penoplex largely depend on what finishing material will be used by the owner for insulation.

If you plan to cover your future room with plasterboard or use plastic panels, then in this case The insulation boards can be secured using plastic dowels, which are similar in appearance to a mushroom.

Experts recommend using dowels with a length of 8 to 10 cm when fixing such insulation. If the owner plans to finish the attached room with plaster, then in this case, in addition to fixing it with glue, it is necessary to additionally fix the penoplex with dowels.

The process of installing penoplex insulation

Work on fixing the insulation on the balcony begins with fixing the slabs on the surface with the preliminary installation of a waterproofing layer.

The slabs are assembled end-to-end or a tongue-and-groove pattern is used.

Let us note this point: to secure it on wooden sheathing Penoplex boards are not intended. The device of such a system does not provide heat retention in room. Therefore, if you plan to use plasterboard for covering the balcony, then in this case the insulation is installed according to the above method. Then a vapor barrier is installed. Next comes the sheathing, on top of which the finishing material is fixed.

At the moment, many experts call penoplex the most suitable material for thermal insulation of a balcony. The main reason is its high strength. If this material parameter is not so important for you, then you can save money on insulation, if you choose more affordable option- Styrofoam.

How warm your new insulated room will be depends largely on the flooring. Therefore, the task of its insulation should be approached with all seriousness. If the work is carried out incorrectly, then all finishing measures carried out in this part of the apartment will be nullified.

First of all, you need to decide what material to use to insulate the floor surface. Expanded clay is not recommended for this purpose, since it has low thermal insulation rates and to create good insulation a layer of considerable thickness will be required. But even in this case it will not be enough. Not the best option is also mineral wool. The use of this material requires the installation of a good vapor barrier layer. Therefore, most suitable choice is sheet foam.

Typically, the balcony floor is installed with a slight slope. This is done in order to ensure the drainage of water. But since the balcony will be completely isolated from the external environment, when creating it, you can make the floor strictly horizontal.

Stages of work

The first thing to start with is laying penofol on the slab. It should be positioned metal side up. Thanks to it, heat will be reflected on the balcony. After this, wooden blocks of 40x40 cm are fastened. When placing them, you should maintain a step of 50 cm.

Further between the bars It is necessary to insert the foam sheets tightly, and any cracks that arise should be sealed using polyurethane foam. Then the second layer of beams is laid perpendicular to the first. This will create an air cushion.

Next, they proceed to the installation of moisture-resistant plywood, which is located on top layer timber. Once it's laid, all that remains is to install the flooring. It can be laminate or linoleum.

Using the same scheme, you can insulate the walls and ceiling.

Heating on the balcony

So that on your balcony, where you arrange living room, it was always warm, it is necessary to install an additional heating source. Previously, on the balcony this function was performed by heating radiators, which were connected to centralized system heating. This is currently prohibited. However, there are other options for heating a balcony that will create a comfortable temperature on it.

If the balcony will not be used permanently as a room, then a suitable source of heat may be electric heater. To install such a device, You only need an extra outlet The apartment also has powerful electrical wiring, which must be able to withstand the additional load.

If there is not enough area in the apartment to arrange a work office or winter garden, then you can add several square meters if you complete the insulation of the balcony. In this part of the apartment, after thermal insulation, you can arrange a study or increase the area. existing room. It is not so difficult to carry out work on thermal insulation. The main thing is to know the technology for creating the design of insulation and use quality materials. In this case you can get extra room in which it will be warm regardless of the weather outside.

Many people want to expand the living space of their apartment, and the easiest way to do this is by adding a balcony. But in order to make it suitable for living, it is necessary to take care of noise and waterproofing, as well as reducing the thermal conductivity of its walls. Although the process of insulating a balcony is not the easiest, it is quite possible to do it yourself. This article provides detailed instructions how to insulate a balcony yourself.

Materials for insulating balconies

The choice of material is one of the most important aspects, because each material has its own individual physical and chemical properties. Common materials include polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene foam, mineral wool, isolon, expanded clay, and polyurethane. Next, let's look at the pros and cons of each material.

Styrofoam

Polyfoam is a foamed material with a porous microstructure, produced on the basis of styrene. Available in the form of square or rectangular slabs.

• low cost;
• long service life;
• has antifungal and anti-mold properties;
• easy to install; moisture resistant;
• insensitive to temperature fluctuations.

• is destroyed when interacting with paints and varnishes;
• very fragile.

Extruded polystyrene foam

Extruded polystyrene foam - made on the basis of polystyrene by extrusion. Produced in the form of rectangular plates.

• low cost;
• protects both from sunlight, and from frost;
• has high isolation from noise and liquid;
• easy to install;

• fragile;
• more expensive than foam.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool, produced from sedimentary, glass and volcanic natural materials. Supplied in slabs and rolls with different densities.

• good sound and heat insulation;
• passes steam through itself, preventing its accumulation in itself;
• fire resistant;
• environmentally friendly

• inconvenient during installation, causes itching upon contact with the skin;
• When heated, it releases poisonous phenol gas.

Izolon

Isolon is a two-layer insulation. The outside is covered with thick foil, and inside there is a material resembling multilayer foamed polyethylene. Most often used when insulating walls, behind radiators, because foil is an excellent reflector of heat waves.

• ease of installation;
• compactness;
• good thermal insulation.

• poor sound insulation;
• when compared with other heaters, then isolon is weaker.

Expanded clay

Expanded clay - clay particles that have been fired and have the shape of an oval or circle.

• low cost;
• fire resistant;
• has good thermal and sound insulation characteristics;
• has antifungal and anti-mold properties;
• lightweight, so it does not weigh down the balcony.

• long drying time;
• complexity of installation;
• increased dust formation.

Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is a representative of the class of gas-filled plastics. It has a liquid consistency; when the subspace is filled with it, it foams and hardens.

• high sound and thermal insulation;
• high protection against steam and liquid;
• easy to install.

Cons: requires the use of special devices.

Attention! Please note the following: under no circumstances should the balcony be made heavier; this is a violation of the building’s design standards.

Do-it-yourself insulation of a balcony

Correct installation of insulation material is a guarantee of longevity and quality. In order not to forget anything or make a mistake anywhere, you must initially prepare step-by-step instructions (plan) and strictly follow it point by point.

Insulation can be carried out either with inside balcony and outside. But when self-insulation It is better to choose the option of insulating the balcony from the inside.

Preparatory work consists of:

• Checking the supporting structure;
• Removal of trim and frame;
• Patching tile cracks with concrete mortar;
• Clearing the balcony of unnecessary items;
• Balcony glazing. Choose 2- or 3-chamber double-glazed windows for better thermal and noise insulation;
• Electrical wiring;
• Preparation with insulation.

Floor insulation

Initially, it is more logical to start with insulating the floor on the balcony.

Action plan:

Various cracks in the floor are patched with polyurethane foam. You can also use sealant or polyurethane mastic.

A layer of waterproofing is laid on top concrete slab. You can use regular polyethylene in these wholes. It must be laid with an overlap, with a protrusion on the wall.

We install a frame of bars 50-70 mm. Initially, the beams are laid on the balcony slab with gaps between them of 40-60 cm. To fasten the beams, use anchors about 110 mm long. Next, on top of the screws, we fix the bars in the longitudinal direction. They will be used to level the floor.

Next, the resulting cavities in the frame are filled with insulation material. And finally, the finishing surface is mounted on top using self-tapping screws. When fixing the finishing layer, it is necessary to leave small gaps at the junction with the walls to prevent squeaks during operation. The cracks in the walls are filled with polyurethane foam.

Attention! The thickness of the insulation must exceed 7 cm for high-quality floor insulation. But you shouldn’t use too thick insulation. After all, the height of the threshold must be made below 20 cm, and the height of the room should not exceed 2.45 m, and the height of the fence should be more than 95 cm. Based on these data, you need to choose the optimal insulation thickness for you.

Wall insulation

Action plan:

Waterproofing is carried out. Beams in the form of a lattice are installed on top of the waterproofing. The cross-section of the beam must be selected in such a way that after laying the insulation, a small space remains between the finishing surface and the insulation. As a result, air bag— thermal insulation characteristics will improve.

We put insulation into the formed cells. Finishing the walls. As a material for finishing Chipboard, lining, drywall, etc. can be used. It depends on individual preferences.

You can choose the material that suits your aesthetic parameters by looking at many photos of balcony insulation on the Internet.

Ceiling insulation

There are two options for ceiling insulation: with and without a frame. In the second option, it is necessary to use lightweight materials and this insulation is attached directly to the ceiling slab.

Action plan:

The cleaned ceiling surface is covered with an antiseptic. The insulation is attached using polyurethane foam or glue.

Bars are attached over the material for mounting the finish. If you use mineral wool: first a frame is made, then insulation is laid and drywall is installed. mounted finishing coat.

Warming the balcony from the outside is more correct. This method of insulation allows you to save the balcony space, as well as prevent the formation of condensation from the inside.

But the problem is that it is almost impossible to produce it without specialists. Therefore, it is better to order insulation of a balcony from the outside from specialized organizations specializing in turnkey insulation of balconies.

Photo of balcony insulation

Until recently, the balconies of city apartments served as a kind of storage room - people stored preserved food and various things there. What’s more, all sorts of unnecessary rubbish was taken out onto the balconies, which was a pity to throw away. However, today these premises are increasingly used as additional living space. And to implement such an idea, you need to take care of insulating the balcony.

If you insulate your balcony, you will be able to not only expand the living space of your apartment relatively cheaply, but also significantly reduce heat loss from your home. The fact is that it is through the balconies that the most of heat. But in order for everything to be done efficiently, you need to know where to start. With a well-designed scheme, turn cold balcony albeit in a small, but almost complete room, it will be much easier.

So, first sketch out a rough work plan - it will include:

Important information! The balcony can be insulated both from the inside and outside. But since you will be doing the work on your own, that is, without the help of specialists, it is better to resort to internal insulation.

Stage No. 1. Choosing insulation

There are a lot of thermal insulation materials on the modern construction market, but for balconies the following are more suitable:

As for foam plastic and EPS, the laying of these materials is carried out using almost the same technology (the only exception is the form of adhesion - with EPS it is better due to the use of grooves).

It is better not to use mineral wool for a balcony - the installation procedure will be more labor-intensive, and the condensation that inevitably forms on the balcony is undesirable for this material. Expanded clay, for obvious reasons, can only be used for floor insulation (the insulation technology will be described in detail below).

And if we add to all of the above the fact that the balcony should in no case be overloaded, then it becomes obvious: the most suitable option- this is foam plastic 4-5 cm thick, which costs less than polystyrene foam or mineral wool.

Stage No. 2. We carry out glazing

If your balcony is already glazed, you can skip this step. The glazing procedure itself largely depends on the parapet installed on the balcony. If we are talking about an iron crate, then you must build it up using foam blocks or ceramic bricks. It is important that the wall thickness as a result exceeds the mark of 10 cm. And if you have a reinforced concrete parapet, you can immediately start installing windows.

Today, many (especially admirers of environmentally friendly building materials) prefer double-glazed windows with wooden frames. It is worth remembering that such structures must be treated with an antiseptic and regularly painted. You can learn about the installation of double-glazed windows with wooden frames from the video below.

Video - How to install a wooden window with double-glazed windows

However, most consumers still buy PVC windows. When buying, choose a special plastic profile, characterized by increased rigidity and strength characteristics. In addition, the profile must have good thermal insulation performance.

Also, plastic windows should have:

• 5-chamber profile;
• 2-chamber (if you live in middle lane) or 3-chamber (if in a more severe climate) double-glazed window;
• reinforced reinforcement.

After installing the PVC structure ordered according to the dimensions of the balcony (the work should be carried out by specialists), you can proceed directly to insulation.

Stage No. 3. We insulate the floor

Let's look at how to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands using polystyrene foam (although the technology described below is also suitable for polystyrene foam).

Table. Insulating the floor on the balcony

Important information! There is another way to insulate the floor on a balcony with polystyrene foam: sheets of foam plastic are attached to a leveled and cleaned surface, and a thin screed from a previously prepared dry mixture solution is poured on top. Ceramic tiles can be used as a finishing coating here.

Alternative option. We use expanded clay

As noted earlier, the floor on the balcony can also be insulated with expanded clay. This material is also inexpensive, and its installation is not difficult. Let's get acquainted with the algorithm of actions.

Step #1. First, lay a waterproofing film on the floor with a 10 cm exit to the walls.

Step #2. Place the beacons around the perimeter in increments of approximately 25 cm, being careful not to lean them too far against the walls.

Step #3. Cover the floor with a 15 cm thick layer of expanded clay and distribute the material evenly over the surface.

Step #4. Moisten the expanded clay with cement laitance (this is an aqueous solution of cement).

Step #5. Pour expanded clay with a layer of concrete or self-leveling mixture. This must be done carefully so as not to damage the structure of the insulator.

Step #6. Wait for the screed to dry completely. After this, you can begin laying the topcoat.

Stage No. 4. We insulate the walls

The technology here is almost the same as for floor insulation. Follow these steps:

Step #1. Mark the future location of the slats on the walls (as well as for the floor).

Step #2. Attach the slats in accordance with these markings.

Step #3. Apply polyurethane foam to the surface using wave-like movements. At the same stage, you should drill holes for the dowels.

Step #4. Attach the foam sheets using plastic mushroom dowels.

Step #5. Blow out all the resulting cracks with foam, then seal with mounting tape.

Step #6. Lay a waterproofing layer on top - for example, penofol, which will also serve as thermal insulation.

Step #7. Seal the seams at the joints with foil tape.

Step #8. Mount the counter-lattice on top of the foam foam and install the finishing material.

Stage No. 5. We insulate the ceiling

This procedure is also performed using a similar technology, but some differences still occur.

1. First, make a marking along which the hangers for attaching the guides will be installed.
2. Install the hangers themselves necessary to fix the guides (for the latter, use a galvanized profile or timber).

   

   

3. In appropriate places, cut small holes in the insulator (foam or EPS) for hangers.

   

   

4. Next, fix the insulation boards using the same mounting foam.

   

If the insulation weighs too much, you can use dowels for fastening. Blow out the cracks with foam. Otherwise, there are no significant differences.

Finishing features

In most cases, balconies are lined from the inside with clapboard or profile, but plasterboard is also used, followed by wallpapering. PVC panels are also used for cladding. Concerning exterior finishing, then it is better to entrust it to professionals, especially if your apartment is located higher than on the ground floor.

Important information! It is forbidden to go there central heating, so if additional heating is required, you can lay a film “warm floor” under the linoleum.

You can also install an outlet on the balcony to which an electric heater will be connected. The described room is small, so heating will take a minimum of time. We also note that the double-glazed window weighs quite a lot, so the remaining materials (including the insulator itself) must be of minimal weight. By the way, this is another reason why it is better to give preference to XPS or foam boards.

Video - Instructions for warming the balcony

Now you know about the strong and weaknesses materials suitable for insulating the balcony, as well as the technologies for laying foam and expanded clay. So it's time to get straight to work! Moreover, there is nothing complicated here if you are armed. step by step instructions and everyone necessary materials. If you do everything right, then turn the balcony into a full-fledged living room with all the ensuing benefits.

Insulating a balcony or loggia is a rather labor-intensive and not quick process. It is usually performed by professionals specializing in this type of work. But if you know how balconies are insulated from the inside with your own hands, you have necessary tool and are not afraid of work, then this is a completely feasible task.

Moreover, the area of ​​the balcony is usually small, and with proper planning and compliance with the technology of work, and especially using boards of insulating material “Penotex”, this process will not last long.

Preparing the balcony for insulation

Usually balconies and loggias are insulated from the inside with your own hands. External insulation of a balcony parapet is rarely used, since it is not only dangerous in terms of work, especially if you live on the upper floors of a high-rise building, but may require special permission from local authorities supervising appearance building facades.

No permits are required for insulation from the inside.

Answering the question: how to properly insulate a balcony from the inside? Should be observed whole line conditions and not to violate the order of work. First of all, the balcony is cleared of things and plants on it, building materials and other things that could interfere with the work. After this, they are carefully sealed with polyurethane foam or cement mortar existing cracks, crevices, holes at the junction of the parapet and the wall and generally wherever you notice flaws.

This must be done because otherwise, with an unfavorable cold wind, even very good insulation may freeze, it will be even worse if it gets into the cracks rainwater or snow. For most types of modern insulation, water is not a problem, mold does not develop on them, and they practically do not absorb moisture. But on brick or panel walls moisture accumulated between the wall and the expanded polystyrene board can serve as a place for mold to grow. Then on your insulated balcony or loggia may appear bad smell dampness.

Innovative insulation from TechnoNIKOL
LOGICPIR Balcony
suitable for walls, ceiling, floor.

• saves space - plate thickness from 20 mm.
• retains heat thanks to its unique thermal conductivity of 0.022 W/m°K (compare with glass wool 0.032-0.041 W/m°K);
• protected from moisture, rot, mold and fire (combustibility group G1 according to GOST 30244-94);
• will last for many years (the insulation retains its properties for 50 years).

Additional pluses of LOGICPIR Sauna: easy installation all year round!

After this stage, you can begin the actual insulation with your own hands.

Ceiling insulation

Technologically, it would be more correct and better to start work by insulating the ceiling of a balcony or loggia with your own hands, then move on to the walls and complete the work by insulating the floor. Depending on the type of insulation you choose and its thickness, the ceiling may become lower by up to 10 cm. If you already have them installed on your balcony plastic windows you will either have to sacrifice the upper part of the windows, since PVC profile the width rarely exceeds 50 mm, or use thin insulating material, which will not allow you to achieve the effect you expected. Therefore, if windows are not installed, first insulate the balcony ceiling and only then call a measurer.

At present, there is no question of how to insulate the balcony inside. Choice various types insulation is great. Depending on the selected insulation (mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, penofol), it can be installed either on a pre-mounted wooden sheathing or directly on a balcony slab. Insulate with mats mineral wool This can only be done using wooden sheathing, otherwise it will be impossible to fix it to the ceiling.

Customized to size wooden blocks equal in cross-section to the thickness of the insulation you have chosen can be attached to the ceiling using plastic dowels and long self-tapping screws. The distance between the bars should either exactly correspond to the width of the insulation board, or be 30-40 mm. already, if mineral wool mats are used so that they fit into the space between the bars with force and do not fall out on your head during further work. It is better to lace them by passing a nylon rope between the bars with small nails stuffed into them.

If you do the insulation with your own hands using expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam, and in the future you do not expect to finish the ceiling with wooden “lining” or plastic panels (as an option for finishing material for the ceiling - plasterboard), then there is no need to install lathing. Penotex expanded polystyrene slabs are glued directly onto the balcony slab, cleaned of paint layers, using any waterproof adhesive mastic used in construction and finishing work. It is better to use adhesive materials such as waterproof mastic or “liquid nails” glue, since in the cold season, if the balcony located above is not insulated, the dew point will shift behind the insulation and condensation will form there. Expanded polystyrene boards do not require additional sealing of joints, since they have grooves at the ends that prevent the formation of “cold bridges”. But the joints between polystyrene foam boards can be sealed with polyurethane foam and taped with foil tape.

An additional layer of insulation material, which will significantly reduce heat loss, is best made from thin foil insulation penofol or isolon. In this case, the material is glued onto the mounted slabs of thicker insulation, always with the metallized side facing the inside of the balcony. All joints of penofol sheets are glued with foil tape. At this stage, the insulation can be completed, but you can lay a heat-heating film, which is perfect for these purposes and works from electrical network 220V.

Further finishing with your own hands depends on the availability of the material and its type; if these are plastic panels or “lining”, they are mounted either directly on the insulation boards or on wooden blocks passed over it. It is better not to use a galvanized metal profile used for plasterboard structures, as it will freeze and moisture will condense around it.

If you did not use penofol as an additional insulating material, then the surface of the polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene can be plastered with your own hands, after gluing a fiberglass reinforcing mesh, and then painted.

After completing the work on insulating and finishing the balcony ceiling, proceed to insulating the walls. Only the parapet and side walls of the loggia are subject to insulation. The room wall can not be insulated.

The entire process of insulating walls with your own hands is completely identical to the process of insulating the ceiling, with the only difference being that you can use thicker insulating material, especially if the parapet is made of metal structures or has a thin wall of lightweight concrete.

You can also lay a heat-heating film over the layer of insulation laid on the parapet wall, but this is not at all necessary.

Floor insulation

This is perhaps the most labor-intensive stage of work, since depending on the floor covering you choose, from which you will make a “clean” floor, there are two possible options for working: with the installation of sheathing - if the floor is planned to be covered with such building material as boards, mineral wool or polystyrene foam is used, or without it - if polystyrene foam “Penotex” is used.

Plates "penotex" have different densities. For DIY work on insulating the floor of a balcony or loggia, grade 45 will be the most suitable.

It can easily support the weight of an adult without bending, and you can directly lay a concrete screed on it or lay any type of coating (laminate, linoleum, ceramic tiles).

After laying and gluing the Penotex foam polystyrene slabs to the slab, just like on the ceiling, it is better to secure it at the corners of the slab with dowels - “fungi”. A layer of penofol with foil up is laid on top and then a cable of the “warm floor” system with wiring and automation elements. The cable must cover at least 70% of the balcony floor area and be 50 mm away from the walls. After laying the cable, the floor is filled with either cement mortar or special leveling mixtures “self-leveling floor”. You can also use a top coat based on epoxy resins, which can be of the most varied colors and, after polymerization, can be used as a “clean floor” without any additional processing. Before pouring the screed, a 20 mm thick damper tape must be laid around the perimeter of the balcony to prevent thermal deformation of the screed.

No one can guarantee that when the temperature drops sharply, the coolant (water) in them will not freeze and they will not burst. But you can become the culprit of a serious accident and you can leave an entire entrance without heat.

Conclusion

Although insulating a balcony from the inside is labor-intensive, the effect achieved by insulation can fully justify all your efforts. Such a balcony becomes not only a place of relaxation in the warm season, but also an excellent room for growing indoor and garden flowers, and seedlings of garden plants.

To create a comfortable functional room in the loggia, it is necessary to carry out work on its high-quality insulation. On the market today are the most different materials, therefore, it is possible to insulate the loggia with mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam and other types of insulation. The choice of insulation depends on many factors. It is very good if you have the opportunity to consult with specialists on this matter.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool insulation is the traditional and most common option.

This material can provide enough high level thermal insulation and sound insulation.

At the same time, it is recommended to use mineral wool for insulation only if there is no load on the insulation. In addition, the insulation material must be protected as best as possible from exposure to moisture and the formation of condensation on it.

Mineral wool insulation works are carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, waterproofing of all surfaces insulated from the inside is performed. This stage is preliminary. To create a high-quality waterproofing layer before insulating the inside with mineral wool, it is best to use special insulating impregnations. Bituminous and polyurethane mastic, special paints and varnishes. In addition, rolled polyethylene materials are often used as an insulator (sold in any hardware store). What kind of insulator will be used does not really matter.
2. Then you need to perform the crate device. The installation step of the wooden blocks should be approximately 1 cm less than the width of the mineral wool sheets. In addition, you need to select the bars so that their thickness is slightly greater than the thickness of the slab of heat-insulating material. The sheathing elements can be fastened to rough surfaces using dowels and self-tapping screws.
3. To install mineral wool slabs, you need to select and dilute a suitable adhesive composition (which one is not important). It is applied to the surface of the slab from the inside, after which it is placed in the cell formed by the sheathing. The slabs need to be adjusted so that they are slightly larger in size than the dimensions of the cell. This will avoid unnecessary voids.
4. As soon as the adhesive composition has dried, it is recommended to additionally secure the heat-insulating material with your own hands using mushroom dowels.
5. Surface cladding can be done with any suitable materials. Any type of finishing that will not create a large load is suitable for this - plastic panels, plywood sheets, lining ...
6. At the end it is carried out fine finishing surfaces and decorative works. In this case, the work can be done with any finish.

ISOVER material gives good results and reviews.

Expanded polystyrene

Insulating your loggia inside with polystyrene foam gives enough good results. This material is produced by mixing polystyrene and special foaming components. The mixture is heated and subjected to high blood pressure, after which they foam and add carbon dioxide.

To insulate a loggia with polystyrene foam, slabs 45-50 mm thick are perfect.

1. They are fastened using dowels, double-sided tape and glue (which type of fastening to choose depends on the material of the walls). When insulating a loggia from the inside with polystyrene foam, it is best to place the material slabs in a checkerboard pattern so that they do not move under their own weight during operation.
2. To prevent the occurrence of cold bridges, seams, gaps and joining areas must be filled with your own hands. construction foam(when insulating with expanded polystyrene and polystyrene foam, the problem of cold bridges is especially relevant).
3. As soon as polyurethane foam When it dries, you need to cut off the excess with your own hands.
4. To provide additional insulation, which is required when insulating with expanded polystyrene and polystyrene foam, it is imperative to lay a layer of special foamed polyethylene 5-8 mm thick. In this case, the layer with foil should be located inside the loggia. This approach will allow you to create a high-quality vapor barrier layer with your own hands and ensure heat reflection. The seams must be taped with construction tape yourself.
5. You can attach a wooden sheathing to the heat-insulating layer (for this it is better to use small-sized bars that have been pre-treated with antiseptic compounds). In addition, instead of lathing from the inside, the loggia is often finished with plasterboard sheets.
6. On a wooden frame or plasterboard sheets, you can apply any finishing materials yourself.

You can do without lathing and use mesh for reinforcement for finishing.

Penoplex and penofol

Very often, penoplex and penofol for insulation are used in one insulation system.

One of the best materials.

These are high quality insulating materials, which have a lot of positive performance and technical characteristics. Many experts recommend using them specifically for insulating loggias from the inside. Using such insulation for a loggia will create a comfortable environment inside the room and maintain an optimal microclimate on the coldest days.

Penofol for loggia.

Insulation work using these materials is carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, you prepare all insulated surfaces with your own hands: floor, ceiling, walls, parapet. The old finishing material is completely removed, all traces and debris are removed. After this, you need to carefully check the integrity of the structures from the inside so that they do not have cracks, holes and other defects through which the inside of the room can penetrate. cold air. It is important that the loggia is completely sealed on all sides.
2. Then, vertical logs are installed. The material must be secured with a certain step, the size of which will depend on the thickness of the insulation used.
3. Next, penofol is attached directly to the joists. For this you can use any suitable adhesive compositions, which are suitable for indoor use. During the installation of the initial layer of penofol, it is necessary to direct the foil outward.
4. After this, the installation of penoplex is carried out ( best option for a loggia - material 20 - 25 mm thick). Laying slabs from the inside of the loggia can be done independently - there is nothing complicated in this process.
5. Finally, you need to glue another layer of penofol. In this case, the material must be positioned so that the foil layer is directed inward. As a result, we will get a kind of pie in which the main thermal insulation material (penoplex) will be protected by penofol on both sides.
6. All the joints that arose during the process installation work from the inside of the loggia, it is necessary to glue it with construction adhesive tape.

What thermal insulation material should I choose to insulate my loggia?

You need to understand that work on insulating a loggia with your own hands can be done from the inside and outside. Of course, it is much easier to do insulation inside the loggia. For this purpose, a variety of different thermal insulation materials. Their choice will depend on the design features, operating conditions, and the nuances of installation work, so in each case, special attention must be paid to the choice of insulation.

It will not always be justified to purchase the most expensive insulation on the market.

For example, if the loggia has high-quality glazing, high-quality construction, and no defects are observed, then the simplest materials can be used. In addition, the choice of insulation for the loggia will depend on whether heating is planned.