Normal room temperature in an apartment in winter. What is the optimal temperature in the apartment? How to take measurements correctly

The act contains the following information:

date of its preparation,
characteristics of the apartment,
composition of the commission,
device data,
temperature values,
signatures of all commission members.

The act is drawn up in two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the apartment, and the other with the housing and communal services employees carrying out the measurements. back to contents Air exchange rate Air temperature is not the only parameter that directly affects the comfort and safety of people living in the house. Air exchange is important for the body: the presence of fresh air, ventilation of residential and non-residential premises. This parameter is also regulated by SanPiN regulations. Thus, the required air exchange rate for a living space with an area of 18 m² is 3 m³/h per person. square meter, for the kitchen - three times more.

What temperature should the apartment be during the heating season?

Utility fees are rising every year, especially in times of economic crisis. Unfortunately, nothing similar can be said about their quality. When citizens give a significant part of their hard-earned money to ensure comfortable living conditions, public utilities tend to show dishonesty on all fronts of their work.
The content of the article:

Indoor temperature standards
Deadlines heating season
Indoor heat measurement
Air exchange rate
How to measure the coolant?
Responsibility of utilities for violation of temperature standards

Dear readers! Our articles talk about standard methods solutions to legal issues, but each case is unique.

What temperature should the apartment be in winter?

In the event that the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season are not met, it is necessary to request a recalculation of the payment for the corresponding service. Her payment should be reduced by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance. Normal winter temperature in an apartment All temperature standards in a residential area are determined and regulated by GOST 30494-2011 “Indoor microclimate parameters”.

Attention

First of all, the temperature should be comfortable for those living in the apartment. Inside a living space, these standards are different, although there is an average temperature for an apartment. In general, normal temperature is 20-22 degrees. Naturally, the beginning of the heating season should begin long before the onset of frost, that is, a stable minus.

“Heating” in apartments begins before the onset of winter. This happens after the thermometer is not constantly below +8 degrees.

What is the optimal temperature in an apartment in winter: the norm by law

In accordance with clause 4.10.2.1. Rules and regulations technical operation housing stock", approved by Decree of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2003 N 170, organizations servicing the housing stock during the operation of residential buildings must regularly implement measures to maintain proper temperature and humidity conditions and air exchange in residential and auxiliary premises. Moreover, the management company is obliged to maintain temperature and humidity conditions not only in the apartments of a residential building, but also: - in the attic (in cold attics - no more than 4 degrees Celsius above the outside air temperature, in warm attics - no lower 12 degrees Celsius). (clause 3.3. Resolution of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation No. 170); - in basements and technical underground areas ( basements must be dry, clean, have lighting and ventilation.

What should be the temperature in the apartment during the 2018 heating season?

Important

It is customary to adhere to the following indicators: Kitchen - recommended temperature - 19 - 21 degrees, maximum - 26 degrees, bathroom - 24 and 26, respectively, bedroom, living room - 20 and 24, corridor - 18 and 22. If necessary, check the compliance of these indicators with regulatory standards parameters, measurements should be carried out in a place where there are no drafts and the battery is not located close. Hypothermia of the body, symptoms and consequences When the body is hypothermic in a room, a feeling of chills occurs.

Increased drowsiness may develop and performance may decrease. There is a desire to wrap yourself up and put on warm clothes. Young children and the elderly become hypothermic the fastest. The consequences of hypothermia can be colds, problems with the heart and blood vessels.

What are the norms for temperature in an apartment during the heating season according to Sanpin?

Info

The temperature standards that should be in an apartment during the heating season are determined by law. Sanitary standards, determined by sanitary control Russian Federation, come down to the following:

In the corner room - 20°C;.
In the living room - 18°C.
In the kitchen - 18°C.
In the bathroom - 25°C.
In the toilet - 18°C, and with a shared bathroom - 25°C; although the bathroom has individual heating permissible temperature– 18°С.

It is within these limits that temperature fluctuations are considered optimal, and people in the apartment should feel good at such indicators. Read also: Indoor temperature standards for kindergartens When the temperature drops below normal, which most often happens in the winter season, more energy is spent on keeping warm.

A person experiences fatigue and constant accumulating stress.

The temperature in the apartment is normal (sanpin)

During the period of correction of violations, standards change and charges for an apartment are recalculated taking into account the area of housing. The heating service must be provided uninterruptedly. Allowable breaks should not exceed 24 hours per month (this is in total).

If the reduced temperature persists for a long time, then you need to call the control room. If a blockage is detected during the inspection, it must be removed. If the reasons are not found, you need to write a statement to the management company or housing and communal services.

Where else can you go:

prosecutor's office;
Society for the Protection of Consumer Rights;
housing inspection.

During the proceedings, you must present acts, applications with appeals, as well as copies of title documents. In the video about heating standards. If you approach the process competently, you can defend your rights.

1 Standard temperature in residential premises
2 What can affect the temperature in the apartment?
3 How to measure air temperature correctly?
4 How to measure the coolant temperature?
5 What to do if the temperature in the living room is below normal?
6 The answer to your question may be here

Standard temperature in residential premises Normal operation of the central heating system in the cold season is a topic that worries every city resident. Unfortunately, in practice it often turns out that residential heating services are provided by utility services of poor quality. Situations often arise when the heating seems to be working, but the apartments are cold, residents have to turn on additional heating devices and pay significant electricity bills.

In order not to incur extra costs, it is useful to know what temperature should be in living rooms oh, what documents established this norm and what to do if it is not observed. The temperature regime in the apartment is determined by the Rules for the provision utilities, which were approved by Resolution No. 354 of 05/06/2011. In accordance with this document, the air temperature in the room should not fall below 18˚C, and in corner rooms– below 20˚С.

Reduction allowed standard temperature at night, but not more than 3˚С. During the day, descent is not allowed. If the temperature deviates from these values, then the heating service fee must be recalculated downwards by 0.15% of the fee for each hour of deviation from the norm. In addition, the optimal and permissible temperature values in residential premises are established by SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10.

The measuring distance must exceed half a meter from outer wall and heating devices, and its height should exceed 60 centimeters. A sample Temperature Check Report can be downloaded here. If during self-measurement If you have determined that the normal temperature is too low, you should inform the Emergency Dispatch Service about this. If the disruption of the heat supply is not caused by natural factors (for example, an accident on the heating main), the dispatcher calls an emergency team to the house, drawing up an official measurement report. The measurement must be carried out by a registered device that has all the necessary technical documents.

The amount in payment receipts increases quarterly, especially during a crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of public services leaves much to be desired. Difficult times comes for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, management companies responsible for providing hot water supply to apartment buildings often work in bad faith and try to evade responsibility.

Temperature standards

Of course, a lot depends on the preferences of the residents - some like it colder and are content with a low temperature of 18° C, others prefer cozy warmth and 24-25° C instead of thick sweaters and socks. But you need to know what temperature should be in our apartment according to legislation , since not only the health and well-being of the family, but also the budget depends on this.

The standard temperature in the apartment is contained in “ GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions". Here are the values needed for the calculation maximum power heating devices. Flights of stairs in residential buildings should have a temperature of 14-20 ° C. This is a space that residents use for a short time, no more than an hour, and are dressed in outerwear.

In the inter-apartment corridors, as well as in the lobbies, the temperature is 16-22° C. In hallways, living rooms and kitchens with gas or electric stoves the temperature is 18-25° C. These premises are intended for permanent residence(that is, more than 4 hours). The highest temperature is 24° C – valid for calculations in the bathroom. The norm is also regulated Sanitary rules and SanPiN.

Medical standards for temperature conditions in residential premises

A little about what optimal temperature must be in the house according to medical recommendations. The norm in residential premises is 22° C. This temperature provides high thermal comfort with an air humidity of 30%. If room temperature higher, it can cause irritation of the respiratory tract, the appearance of mucus, and increased susceptibility to bacteria and viruses in the nose and throat. The only exception is the bathroom, where water vapor rises, and even more high temperatures do not pose a health risk.

When the child is at home, the temperature in the apartment should be raised by at least 1 degree, and in the bathroom or other room where he bathes, up to 28 degrees. In adult bedrooms, the temperature can be slightly cooler than in the living room - around 20° C. This indicator guarantees deeper sleep and, therefore, better rest.

Heat rate control

In order to maintain the above recommendations and to minimize heating costs, it is necessary to properly control heat standards, taking care of the thermal insulation of the house. Window and door frames need to be sealed. In the room, do not cover radiators, do not paint them with a thick layer of paint, and do not hang thick window curtains over them (heaters are usually installed under windows). Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators.

It is recommended to regulate the temperature schedule of the heating system in individual rooms using manual or electronic thermostats. When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be adjusted to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and programmed thermal power for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and habits of local residents.

Modern thermostats will also adjust heat output according to external conditions - warming or cooling outside, sunlight etc. You don't need to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example by setting the economy mode to 15° C. Lowering the temperature by even 1° C increases heat savings by 5-7.5%.

Factors affecting temperature

The temperature readings in the apartment are influenced by many factors, primarily external. They fluctuate due to the following conditions:

heating off;
climatic features of the place;
change of seasons;
individual characteristics of individual apartments.

The heating temperature schedule also depends on the place where the property owners live. For example, in a northern latitude it will be different from a southern climate. The influence of factors such as atmospheric pressure and outdoor air humidity also affect the normal value of the heating system in any month.

When the seasons change, the microclimate in living rooms also varies. For example, in the winter months the temperature will be lower, and in the hot season it will be higher. When in the spring they stop supplying heat to the radiators, following the shutdown schedule, the temperature in the apartment also drops. For mid latitudes optimal value in winter - about 22 degrees, and in summer - 25 degrees. Although at first glance the difference of three degrees is insignificant, it affects the well-being of everyone living in an apartment building or private building.

Regulating the indoor climate

When heating outages occur, then temperature regime the apartment must be monitored for the comfort of all citizens living in it. There are people who feel comfortable and well during the hot months; they do not require the installation of climate control equipment. Also, some people constantly ventilate their rooms during the winter cold. But all the requirements of the average person are reflected by the current standards for any heat supply company that has a central shutdown schedule for heating appliances. After all, hypothermia, like overheating, has a negative effect on human health.

Among other things, norms also depend on gender. Women require higher temperatures than men. You need to be extremely careful about the temperature conditions in the apartment where children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, so they are susceptible to overheating and freezing faster than adults. As a result, the thermal norm for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees.

In accordance with current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain values of no less than and no more than 22 degrees, and all deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being.

For supporting normal temperature some conditions must be met. Previously, the temperature was regulated using radiators, and in order to warm the room more, they used additional heat sources - various electric heaters, convectors, etc. To cool the room, they opened transoms and windows, thus solving the problem.

Today, scientific progress has made it possible to choose any climate control equipment that will provide comfortable conditions in apartments. For example, modern air conditioners not only cool air flows coming from the street, but are also equipped with a heating function. They also have dehumidification functions when the room is too humid, and purify the air from harmful compounds.

Current sanitary standards do not set the temperature of radiators. It is only important that the temperature in the home corresponds to certain indicators, which is influenced by differences in climatic conditions of the corresponding region. Indicators in the winter months should not be lower than 20 degrees. If this value is less, then the services of the heat supply organization are of poor quality.

In this case, property owners need:

seek to eliminate poor performance in the provision of public services;
demand from management company when the heating is turned off unscheduled;
carefully seal all cracks in windows and doors;
buy additional equipment for heating the room;
install autonomous heating appliances.

How to increase or decrease the temperature

By GOST the minimum indicator in the apartment should correspond to 15 degrees. With such a value, although life is quite difficult and uncomfortable, management companies believe that all standards are met. Because of this, the population independently regulates the temperature regime, and when cold weather sets in or mass heating outages occur, double-glazed windows are installed or the windows are sealed. At worst, they turn on electric heaters or convectors.

What to do when the constant temperature in the home reaches 28 degrees, which happens when the batteries are too hot. The highest value in the standard is 24 degrees, to which an error of 4 degrees is added. When thermostats are installed on the radiator, there are no questions, you just need to adjust it to the required number.

When there are no such devices on the battery, it is not very convenient to constantly open the windows due to drafts in the room. If there is a small child in the apartment, then such actions are not a way out of the situation; this is completely contraindicated for older people. To correct the situation you can:

turn on the tap in front of the radiator;
install an air recuperator.

When overlapping ball valve before the battery, you will reduce the amount hot water which is served. The recuperator will allow air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the home already warmed up.

Optimal temperature during the heating season

It is clear from the above that the comfortable value in the apartment is established SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are defined within the range of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of the housing. Kitchens, living rooms and bathrooms have different standards. The errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators. Unfortunately, according to current legislation, when it is 15 degrees above zero in an apartment, claims cannot be made against management companies. Also at a temperature of 30 degrees, when in winter the batteries heat up to their maximum. Here, as they say, if you want to live, know how to move around and contact the relevant authorities.

Responsibility of utilities for violations of standards

According to the law, tenants and homeowners have the right to apply for recalculation to management companies, which are obliged to reduce by 0.15 percent for each hour of violation of standards. If you do the math, for 28 days of improper provision of the service, the payment is reduced by up to 90 percent. Naturally, utility services themselves will not perform such a recalculation, so you will have to turn to the courts.

There are many cases where residents apartment buildings sued utility companies for money for services that were not fully provided or were of poor quality. For example, three years ago, a Perm resident managed to recover 136 thousand rubles from the management company for violating their obligations to provide heat to the apartment. Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact.

Conclusion

The management company at the place of residence is obliged to provide temperature in accordance with current standards and regulations. As a result, if cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services are identified, this organization must be reported and, if required, a report must be drawn up.

If it comes to a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or using modern efficient devices.

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It is very difficult to create a cozy and pleasant atmosphere in your home if the tooth does not touch the tooth. On the other hand, excess heat will also not lead to anything good, except frequent headaches and overspending on energy. If the microclimate is incorrect, no photos or paintings hanging on the walls will help the apartment, so the temperature issue is very important. How to achieve the ideal temperature from a scientific point of view of 20-25 degrees Celsius and what else affects the comfortable weather in the house?

What affects the temperature in the apartment?

The normal temperature in an apartment is highly dependent on the range external factors, which inevitably affect the warmth of the room.

Among them:

Climatic features of the area of residence;
Season;
Age characteristics of homeowners and their personal preferences;
Features of the housing itself.

Now a little more about each factor.

Climate Features

What temperature should be in an apartment in the north and what in the south are completely different questions, since nature dictates its conditions in different climatic zones, and therefore residents of northern latitudes want more warmth, and southerners would be better off cooling their hot walls.

Thus, a comfortable temperature in the apartment is absolutely different size throughout the entire globe, in addition, the climate of housing is greatly influenced by air humidity and the amount of precipitation in the region, since in winter moisture can add frosty sensations, and in summer lead to either stuffiness or slight refreshment.

Seasons

The optimal temperature in an apartment in winter and summer rarely coincides. For most European countries, the most favorable conditions in winter are 19-22 degrees, while in summer this figure rises to 25 degrees. At first glance, 3 degrees does not play a big role, but if you are in a room with a temperature 3 degrees below the permissible temperature, the difference will immediately make itself felt.

Features of residents

Temperature in the apartment: the norm SNI speaks about some favorable conditions for a person, but personal climate sensations vary greatly and some may feel very cold at a comfortable 22 degrees, while others may feel hot at 19. On the other hand, despite the fact that some people cannot feel the benefit of the optimal temperature, it affects all people equally. Therefore, despite the fact that even at 18 degrees it is warm for an individual, he can still catch a cold, since the human body is adapted to a certain regime that should not be violated.

In addition, it is worth considering what is the comfortable temperature in the apartment for women and what is for the stronger sex. Due to gender characteristics, women are more heat-loving than men.

In addition, it is very important that the air temperature in the apartment is maintained at 20-23 degrees in the presence of a small child, who is most susceptible to environment, especially in the very first months of life. He needs to ensure the stability of the climate in the nursery so that there is no overheating or, conversely, hypothermia, as this is fraught with serious health consequences in the future.

Heating in an apartment: standards for each room

Each room in the home must have its own suitable temperature regime so that the climate does not negatively affect the health of the apartment’s inhabitants.

Thus, it is worth monitoring the thermometer in each room, for example:

In any room reserved for sleeping, the temperature should be 17-18 degrees, as this will ensure healthy sleep no headaches.
For the kitchen, you should take care of the temperature range from 18 to 19 degrees, since there are a large number of heating devices there, which will already increase the air temperature. If you turn on all the appliances at the same time, as when preparing lunch or dinner, it will become very hot and uncomfortable.
Since the bathroom has the highest humidity in the apartment, the temperature here should be from 24 to 26 degrees Celsius, otherwise there will be a feeling of dampness or it will simply be very chilly to take a shower.
Stability is important in a children's room, as mentioned above. In addition, it is worth considering that for a newborn the temperature should be quite high, about 24 degrees, and for an older child you will have to reduce the heating of the room a little - to 21-22 degrees.
Minimum temperature in the apartment it should not fall below 18 degrees, while it should not be exceeded above 22 degrees in all other rooms except those named, so as not to cause discomfort.

The normal temperature in the apartment should not vary greatly from room to room, as it will be very uncomfortable coming from warm room in a cooled kitchen or bath, for example. So you should keep an eye on the difference of 2-3 degrees, no more.

If we take into account the heating standard in apartment building according to GOST, it is interesting to note that top bar There is no temperature in the house, but there is a lower temperature - 18 degrees Celsius. Thus, each resident should vary the maximum for themselves, if necessary, opening windows and releasing excess heat outside.

In addition, the question “how to measure the temperature in an apartment” remains important, because it is difficult to understand whether the housing complies with GOST or not. To do this, you need to determine the speed of air flow in the room and humidity. In general, the standard humidity of an apartment in Russia will be about 60%, and indoor winds are unlikely to be stronger than 0.3 m/s. Based on these parameters, with a thermometer reading of 24 degrees, the actual temperature will be 23. If the humidity is slightly higher or there are slightly stronger drafts, the temperature will drop another degree. Thus, the actual temperature rarely matches what the thermometer shows.

It is better to comply with heating standards in an apartment, since the human body reacts sensitively to any unfavorable environment around it. You should be especially careful in summer or winter, when owners of air conditioners create a large imbalance between the outside world and their apartment. This provides a lot of stress to the body, which experiences a sharp change in temperature every time, which leads to hypothermia or overheating.

Thus, it is worth trying to adhere to the principle of the difference between home temperature and external at 4-5 degrees. With this regime, the body will not suffer due to sudden fluctuations and the likelihood of getting sick drops dramatically.

If you surrender completely to personal preferences, then two scenarios are possible:

Overheat
Hypothermia

Hypothermia of the body

In other words, this condition is called hypothermia. Hypothermia can lead to a whole range of illnesses, so you should avoid it.

It occurs for the reason that the body’s heat transfer does not stop, but compensation does not occur, so the body begins to draw on internal resources that reduce a person’s temperature below 36 degrees and beyond.

If you do not warm the body in time, colds and runny noses will quickly arise, especially in young children, since their body gives off heat especially quickly and absorbs it very slowly.

Temperature standards in an apartment, detailed video:

Body overheating

If the temperature norm is slightly exceeded, then you should soon expect the proliferation of bacteria, and as a result, unexpected diseases that should not occur in the summer.

In addition, excessive heat has a very bad effect on the human cardiovascular system. This happens because the loss of moisture in the body leads to a greater density of blood, which is much more difficult for the heart to disperse throughout the body. As a result, it becomes overexerted and begins to hurt.

Another negative phenomenon of overheating is dehydration, which occurs due to the body's attempts to maintain a balance between internal and external temperatures. Excessive sweating occurs, and therefore it is necessary to drink fluids on time so as not to get upset nervous system or electrolyte-water imbalance.

It is worth paying the closest attention to issues of temperature regime, since violating it in the direction of heat or cold will certainly have a negative impact on health. Thus, timely actions to preserve the desired climate will protect against large quantity headaches in the most literal sense.

Russia may be a cold country, but our apartments are warmer than in many European countries. Because there is central heating, subsidized by the state, and the British, Germans, and French, deprived of this luxury, are forced to save money and harden themselves at the same time. This is in theory. But what happens in practice? Is your heating system good and what should you do if not?

Heating standards

Since central heating is a matter of state concern, heating standards in the apartment are determined centrally. GOST 30494-2011 says that during the heating season the temperature in living rooms, kitchens and bathrooms should not fall below 18°C. In cold regions, such as Yakutia or the Khabarovsk Territory, the temperature for living rooms is set at 20°C, and for the kitchen and bathroom - at 18°C.

From midnight to five o'clock in the morning, it is allowed to lower these standards by 3°C. The human body needs less heat while sleeping, and heating suppliers are legitimately taking advantage of this to save money.

If the specified GOST is a reference book for designers engineering systems, then all utility workers, without exception, check the hours and degrees with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011. In particular, it establishes the beginning of the heating season. The batteries should be turned on on the sixth day after the temperature outside the window drops below 8°C. By the way, the rule of eight also applies to reverse side: As soon as the spring air reaches an average daily mark of 8°C and can maintain its position for five days in a row, the batteries will be turned off.

Often, the specified heating period limits run counter to our personal comfort. Almost every autumn, utility workers are bombarded with demands to turn on heating in apartments earlier than planned, but they have every right to reject these demands until, of course, the day specified by the Resolution arrives.

How does heating work in apartment buildings?

The heat that goes into our homes is generated at thermal power plants or boiler houses. There the water is heated to be piped into the houses. It must reach the batteries hot, so it must be very hot. Every schoolchild knows that at 100°C water will boil, but this does not happen with water in heating pipes.

A pressure of 7-8 atmospheres is created in the heating pipes, which increases the boiling point of water to 160-170°C.

Exist different schemes distribution of coolant (as official documents call water in pipes and heating radiators) coming from the thermal power plant. In the most common, so-called independent heating supply scheme, water does not go directly to the apartments. First, it is sent to a heating point located in the basement of a high-rise building, where it passes through a heat exchanger and cools to a temperature acceptable for supply to the rooms. The water in radiators should not be too hot - this is simply dangerous.

Having passed through the heating radiators inside the house, the coolant, which has already cooled by 25-35°C, returns to the same heating point - to heat up again and enter our homes.

Temperature in radiators

The only rule that directly relates to heating radiators in an apartment building is Maximum temperature coolant. It should not exceed 95°C for two-pipe systems and 105°C for single-pipe systems. It’s easy to find out which system is installed in your apartment: look at your radiator and count how many pipes are connected to it. Two-pipe systems are more widespread - they are more efficient and economical.

The lower limit of water temperature in heating radiators is not officially fixed in any way. The only rule: the batteries must provide the requirements established by GOST 30494-2011 temperature norm in the rooms. It is clear, however, that if the radiators themselves are slightly warm, then they will not be able to heat the room to the 18°C required by GOST. Just a very, very small room.

What to measure and how to measure

So, the desired hour has come, and the heating season has begun, but it is still cold in the apartment. How to proceed?

The first step is to measure the heating in the apartment. In other words, measure the temperature in the rooms and compare it with the GOST standards indicated above (and listed in detail) to make sure that poor heating in the apartment - reality, not your individual feelings.

If you have a base station, then you will see accurate air temperature readings in the form of a graph in your mobile application or web interface.

If all measurements comply with the rules, there is no use in complaining; utility services will simply refer to the same GOST. You'll have to insulate yourself.

However, if the measurements taken indicate that the heating temperature in the apartment does not correspond to the norm, then there are several options for action.

First you need to determine the cause of the thermal problem.
Here is a short list of the most common:

1. Battery plug
Batteries can be cold due to the accumulation of air in the pipes - so-called air locks. They prevent water from circulating properly and proper heating in the apartment is violated. You can remove the blockage yourself by opening special valve or, as it is also called, the Mayevsky crane. It is usually located near the top corner of the radiator. Be careful, and if you are not sure that you can install the heating yourself, it is better to seek help from a specialist.

2. Large heat losses in the apartment
A common problem in old houses: the radiators seem to be scalding hot, but it’s still cold. It is useless to appeal to utility workers; you need to take care of thermal insulation on your own. Just don’t get carried away with sealing too much, because if you cure one, you can cripple the other. In particular, it often suffers from excessive insulation measures. When installing airtight windows and foaming cracks in walls, think about your rooms.

3. Poor heating
If the two previous reasons are shallow, then one remains: utility workers neglect their duties. The consequences, again, are regulated: in accordance with the mentioned Resolution, you have the right to compensation for heating payments, and the relevant services are obliged to correct the shortcomings.

Owners of private households independently set a comfortable temperature for their stay. However, residents of apartment buildings are deprived of this opportunity. That is why standards for air temperature in residential premises are regulated at the legislative level.

Norms and standards

Heat is supplied to multi-storey and apartment buildings through a complex and branched system. utility network. This system provides residents not only with heat, but also hot water. There are certain requirements for the public benefits provided. They are determined in accordance with medical recommendations and the physiological characteristics of the human body that are important for maintaining health. At the same time, there are minimum and maximum permissible values, that is, the living room may feel cool or excessively hot, but the temperature indicator will be within the extreme limits of the established standard.

The temperature regime that must be maintained in the apartment differs significantly in different rooms depending on its purpose and household use:

Living rooms. The state standard obliges utility companies to maintain the temperature in residential premises within 20–22 °C during the cold season. In summer, the room temperature in the apartment should be between 21–24 °C.
Bathroom. The standards for the toilet (19–21 °C) and the bathroom (23–26 °C) differ significantly, but if the bathroom is combined in the apartment, then the temperature must be maintained at the upper permissible level within the specified limits. The increased standard is associated with high humidity in such rooms and the need to undress.
Kitchen. In the room where food is prepared, a lower temperature is required - 19–21 °C.
Auxiliary and passage rooms. In corridors, closets, closets and other rooms where residents do not spend much time, the temperature should be 19–21 °C.

Read also: Property deduction for a child when buying an apartment

Important! Security comfortable temperature in the apartment in winter is carried out by supplying hot water to heating system, as well as proper distribution of heating devices in individual rooms of the home.

Negative effects of overheating or hypothermia

Both hypothermia and overheating have a detrimental effect on the well-being of residents, causing various disorders. Among the most dangerous symptoms excessive heating of the body (at temperatures above 26 ° C) the following can be distinguished:

blood thickening;
cardiopalmus;
loss of consciousness;
dehydration;
disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system;
increased fatigue;
accelerated development of infectious diseases.

If a person stays in a cold room for a long time (below 18 °C), the following consequences are possible:

ARVI;
inflammatory processes of various organs and systems of the body;
disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system.

Considering the possible negative consequences, not only utility workers, but also the residents of apartment buildings themselves must monitor the optimal room temperature that should be in the apartment.

How to take measurements correctly

When the residents apartment building employees of public utility services are suspected of dishonest attitude towards work, you cannot rely on feelings alone. It is necessary to carry out competent measurements of indicators in compliance with certain conditions:

the distance from heating appliances is at least 2 m, from external walls - at least 60 cm;
the minimum height from the floor for measurement is at least 60 cm;
the procedure should not be carried out on a sunny day in a room without sources of heat leakage (through cracks in windows, not tightly closed entrance doors etc.).

If the results obtained do not comply with current standards, you must contact representatives of the emergency dispatch service. They are obliged to accept the call and send specialists to the site to carry out their own measurements and draw up a report. The document must reflect the following information:

Title of the document;
place and date of measurement;
Full name of the commission members (representatives of the homeowners association, management company, heat supply organization, etc.);
Full name of the applicant;
address and main characteristics of the apartment (number of rooms, total area, floor, year of construction, etc.);
established data (outside air temperature, data for each room in the apartment: for example, what should be the temperature in the bathroom and the actual value on the measuring device);
additional information (availability is indicated) additional insulation doors, window material, presence of balcony/loggia glazing, type of installed heating devices);
conclusion of the commission;
date and signatures of all persons present.