Garden, care and reproduction will not cause difficulties even in the middle lane. Among the many garden varieties the most unpretentious is the Syrian hibiscus. It tolerates low temperatures and moves further north.

Hibiscus garden plant and its varieties

In total, under natural conditions, there are 200 varieties of hibiscus, and through the efforts of breeders, their number has increased to 500. All cultivated species are divided according to the form of development:

• herbaceous varieties;
• treelike;
• shrubby.

Growing and caring for garden hibiscus is an exciting activity. In all types of plants occupy special niches. herbaceous varieties they winter well under cover and give beautiful curtains that disguise household structures.

Planting and care of garden hibiscus - photo - shrub, allows you to get hedge and various compositions by formation. Especially easy to work with unpretentious hibiscus Syrian. Most common in mild climates middle lane became a shrub. It is easier to cover for winter preservation.

Agrotechnics of hibiscus

To grow garden hibiscus in an unusual climate, care and reproduction must follow the recommendations of breeders. The main operations are:

• choose a planting site;
• water and feed;
• prepare for wintering.

Care includes the protection of plantings from pests, diseases and the creation of decorative forms.

In a bright sunny place and without a transplant, garden hibiscus can grow up to 20 years. The chosen place should be protected from wind and scorching sun rays. Planting a plant from a container or transplanting should be done in the spring when the plant is full. vitality. Well-developed plants are planted with seedlings. Basically, bushes that overwintered in a warm container are transplanted.

Proper rooting of hibiscus

The strong root system of the plant consists of a central rod with processes. A hibiscus does not need a transplant if it receives enough nutrition. That's why landing pit prepare in advance. It is dug out with a margin so that the roots have a place to develop at first in loose earth. The nutritional composition is laid down:

• sod land - 2 parts;
• leaf land - 2 parts;
• ripe humus - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Pour out half a bucket of water. Roots are arranged on the pillow, without damage, with the expectation that the upper tier will be at surface level. Only light roots work on the plant, the old ones take nutrients for themselves.

Gently pour and compact the earth, and from above the new plant is spudded and watered so that the earth between the roots is compacted. In the photo, planting and subsequent care for hibiscus tree.

If the plant needs to be transplanted to a new location, then the best time is in the spring before flowering. At the same time, the upper roots are removed, and the tree is moved to a new place without destroying the earthen coma. In order for the plant to be able to feed the upper part, the crown is pruned before transplanting.

Important in the cultivation and care of garden hibiscus is regular top dressing. Phosphorus activates flowering, and potassium improves the winter hardiness of the plant. Juice with a high content of potassium salts does not like aphids - the main pest of the plant.

Formation of an ornamental plant

In some areas with cold winters, garden hibiscus is grown as a tub plant. If you grow three plants with different colors in one container, then by intertwining the trunks in the process of growth, you can get a multi-color composition with a common trunk, as in the photo of a garden tree hibiscus.

In the spring, with the advent of new stems, old dry branches are removed. Pruning is necessary, only young branches bloom. Therefore, remove extra branches before the start of sap flow in the spring. Old branches are cut out, the last year's shoots are shortened by a quarter. Bushes can be given the desired shape by systematic pruning. There are several types of pruning:

• stimulating, early spring;
• thinning, removal of dried, weakened shoots;
• corrective;
• autumn, after the cessation of flowering;
• for survival when a minimum of ground mass is left.

Watering and spraying hibiscus

Water for irrigation needs rainwater or settled river water with low hardness. Watering the plant requires moderate, depending on the drying of the topsoil. If it's hot outside, watering can be daily. Leaves need to be washed from dust and thereby prevent the appearance of spider mites. If the color begins to massively fall off, there is not enough moisture. Chlorosis warns of watering with chlorine or iron. No violation if beautiful flower falls off in a day. To replace it, another should bloom. The danger signal is the massive fall of flowers and unopened buds. And most often the cause of garden hibiscus disease is improper watering.

To save the plant from aphids, you need to spray it with water with ashes from cigars or cigarettes. Aphids do not tolerate the smell of lavender growing next to hibiscus. Therefore, measures should be taken in advance so that the tender hibiscus leaves are not interested in the insect.

Preparing for wintering is a crucial stage

The garden tree hibiscus sheds its leaves for the winter. In the middle lane, it grows no higher than two meters. Hibiscus blooms from July until the first frost. Frost-resistant varieties are those that do not freeze out during the southern mild winter. In the middle lane, tropical plants need shelter. For cultivation here, varieties with simple non-double flowers should be used.

The plant is watered abundantly in winter, after the top layer dries, they are piled high, but sand is added to the ground by a third. When stable frosty weather sets in, the plant is covered with shavings, sawdust, dry foliage - loose bedding about 15 cm high.

Twigs, as far as possible, bend down to the ground, cover with a dense nonwoven fabric in several rows. A frame is constructed on top, on which insulating materials and coniferous spruce branches are subsequently thrown. The photo shows how garden hibiscus winters in the garden.

In temperate latitudes, treelike hibiscus can only overwinter with insulated roots, but it is necessary to prepare a frame for rescue in extreme conditions. In areas with a continental climate, garden hibiscus is guaranteed to be stored in cellars by digging a plant with big ball earth.

Herbaceous hibiscus will overwinter if it is insulated after the ground part dies off.

Reproduction of garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagates easily by cuttings and seeds. Both methods are used, but cuttings give a decorative bush faster. The seed method allows you to get an adult flowering plant 3 years later.

For cuttings, lignified cut shoots are suitable, which give a panicle of roots in water. The best of the cuttings can be planted in pots and planted after winter on permanent place. You can root cuttings in the substrate. But a strong bush that has grown stronger over the summer, ready for wintering, is obtained from an overwintered and grown seedling.

Hibiscus care video

It is very important to know that not all hibiscus need to be covered for the winter. The rule “better to overdo it than not to oversight” does not work in this case. If you overdo it with care, you can also ruin the plant. And therefore, the owner of this wonderful plant, first of all, needs to figure out which variety he got and, accordingly, understand how to care for him in the winter as well. For example, hybrid (herbaceous) hibiscus are quite resistant to frost, so in a fairly mild climate (such as in the center of Eurasia), they do not need to be covered. Syrian varieties must be insulated for the winter. This is especially true of terry hibiscus. Another feature of hibiscus: along with its size, frost resistance also grows.

Hibiscus growers recommend that hybrid plants simply be cut in autumn to a stem height of about 10 cm, crushed with earth or rolled with leaves. However, it must be remembered that too great use foliage can be the cause of plant rotting, since during periods of warming a rotted layer will form there.

Of course, if temperatures of up to -30 ° C and below are predicted for the winter, absolutely all plants need shelter. And very tender hibiscus should simply be planted at this time in a pot or other container and brought into the room.

Basic techniques for covering hibiscus

It is best to start preparing hibiscus from mid-November. The main indicator is the air temperature - it should reach 5 ° C of frost, but not yet fall below -10 ° C.

To protect plants from frost, you can cover them with covered frames. The material must be non-woven (for example, agrotex, spunbond, lutrasil). However, at very low temperatures, they should not be placed in order to prevent aging.

Branches are considered the most suitable for sheltering hibiscus. coniferous plants, the so-called spruce. It is good in that it holds the snow on itself. Thus, the plants are well protected from frost, but do not overheat. From the branches they build a small hut. The spruce branches are tied together and wrapped with a coarse cloth made of hard fibers.

When covering hibiscus with branches of evergreen trees, care must be taken in advance that rodents do not climb there. To do this, you can place devices for catching mice around the perimeter of the area where flowers grow. Or, impregnate rodent food with a special poison and place it under a shelter structure.

Hibiscus is a flower from the Malvaceae family that has many different varieties and hybrids. They are annual and perennial, herbaceous and tree-like, garden and indoor, frost-resistant and heat-loving. By growing the desired varieties of hibiscus, it can be used to decorate rooms or personal plot. Especially popular is the cultivation of a herbaceous hibiscus hybrid, which is characterized by unpretentious care and very large flowers (up to 25 cm in diameter).

In this article, we will consider such an important issue in growing garden hibiscus - how exactly it should be prepared for winter, so that next year, enjoy its flowering.

When is it necessary for a garden hibiscus to carry out shelter for the winter?

Frost-resistant perennial shrubs are classified as garden varieties of hibiscus, which in the southern regions do not need special preparation for winter, and in the northern regions or in regions with severe, little snowy winters, they just need to be properly covered.

The herbaceous hybrid of hibiscus is initially a frost-resistant culture, and for the winter the aerial part (stems) of the plant itself dies off and only its powerful rhizomes remain in the ground. For a successful wintering of this type of garden hibiscus, it will be enough just to mulch the soil at the planting site.

How to keep hibiscus in the garden in winter?

In order to prevent freezing in conditions of severe frosts (from - 15 $ deg; C), both herbaceous and tree-like varieties of garden hibiscus require proper care when preparing for the winter. It consists of several stages:

• pruning;
• watering;
• hilling;
• mulching the soil or sheltering the plant.

Varieties growing in the form of a bush with stiff shoots (for example: Syrian garden hibiscus) can be pruned for the winter just like a rose, or not cut at all, but pruned already in early spring, when frozen shoots are visible.

In herbaceous varieties of hibiscus (marsh, armed, or their hybrid), all stems are cut off completely, leaving only stumps 10 cm above the ground.

Necessarily late autumn make moisture-charging watering of bush plants, but this should be done before the onset of frost so that an ice crust does not form around the roots.

A few days after watering, bushes and the remains of herbaceous hibiscus by 15-22 cm should be spudded, using ordinary garden soil with the addition of humus and sand to prevent overheating of the root system.

The last step in preparing garden hibiscus for winter is warming, which is usually carried out from the second half of November, when the air temperature does not rise above + 5 $ deg; C.

Grassy species are simply covered with harvested dry fallen leaves, making a mound about 15 cm high. Dry sawdust can also be used instead of earth.

Young bushes especially need shelter from frost, as the frost resistance of hibiscus increases with age. This can be done in two ways:

If the winter is going to be very cold, then it is better to add spruce branches to such a shelter.

Knowing how to properly cover the hibiscus growing in your garden for the winter, you will enjoy its beautiful flowering every year, which is a real decoration of your flower garden. But do not rush to uproot hibiscus bushes in early spring, if they have not moved away from wintering. Bush varieties hibiscus (especially Syrian) leaves the state of winter dormancy much later than its herbaceous hybrids.

Care and propagation of garden hibiscus

The tropics gave a lot of plants for cultural farming. Among them, garden hibiscus, its care and reproduction will not cause difficulties even in the middle lane. Among the many garden varieties, the most unpretentious is the Syrian hibiscus. It tolerates low temperatures and moves further north.

See also: Perennial flower beds - the choice of lazy people or an excuse to create a masterpiece

Hibiscus garden plant and its varieties

In total, under natural conditions, there are 200 varieties of hibiscus, and through the efforts of breeders, their number has increased to 500. All cultivated species are divided according to the form of development:

• herbaceous varieties;
• treelike;
• shrubby.

Growing and caring for garden hibiscus is a fun activity. IN landscape design all types of plants occupy special niches. Herbaceous varieties winter well under cover and give beautiful curtains that mask outbuildings.

Planting and caring for a garden hibiscus - photo - shrub, allows you to get a hedge and various compositions by formation. It is especially easy to work with unpretentious Syrian hibiscus. Shrubs became the most common in the mild climate of the middle zone. It is easier to cover for winter preservation.

Agrotechnics of hibiscus

To grow garden hibiscus in an unusual climate, care and reproduction must follow the recommendations of breeders. The main operations are:

• choose a planting site;
• water and feed;
• prepare for wintering.

Care includes the protection of plantings from pests, diseases and the creation of decorative forms.

In a bright sunny place and without a transplant, garden hibiscus can grow up to 20 years. The chosen place should be protected from wind and scorching sunlight. Planting a plant from a container or transplanting should be done in the spring, when the plant is full of vitality. Well-developed plants are planted with seedlings. Basically, bushes that overwintered in a warm container are transplanted.

Proper rooting of hibiscus

The strong root system of the plant consists of a central rod with processes. A hibiscus does not need a transplant if it receives enough nutrition. Therefore, the landing pit is prepared in advance. It is dug out with a margin so that the roots have a place to develop at first in loose earth. The nutritional composition is laid down:

• sod land - 2 parts;
• leaf land - 2 parts;
• ripe humus - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Pour out half a bucket of water. Roots are arranged on the pillow, without damage, with the expectation that the upper tier will be at surface level. Only light roots work on the plant, the old ones take nutrients for themselves.

Gently pour and compact the earth, and from above the new plant is spudded and watered so that the earth between the roots is compacted. In the photo, planting and subsequent care for hibiscus tree.

If the plant needs to be transplanted to a new location, then the best time is in the spring before flowering. At the same time, the upper roots are removed, and the tree is moved to a new place without destroying the earthen coma. In order for the plant to be able to feed the upper part, the crown is pruned before transplanting.

Important in the cultivation and care of garden hibiscus is regular fertilizing with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Phosphorus activates flowering, and potassium improves the winter hardiness of the plant. Juice with a high content of potassium salts does not like aphids - the main pest of the plant.

Formation of an ornamental plant

In some areas with cold winters, garden hibiscus is grown as a tub plant. If you grow three plants with different colors in one container, then by intertwining the trunks in the process of growth, you can get a multi-color composition with a common trunk, as in the photo of a garden tree hibiscus.

In the spring, with the advent of new stems, old dry branches are removed. Pruning is necessary, only young branches bloom. Therefore, remove extra branches before the start of sap flow in the spring. Old branches are cut out, the last year's shoots are shortened by a quarter. Bushes can be given the desired shape by systematic pruning. There are several types of pruning:

• stimulating, early spring;
• thinning, removal of dried, weakened shoots;
• corrective;
• autumn, after the cessation of flowering;
• for survival when a minimum of ground mass is left.

Watering and spraying hibiscus

Water for irrigation needs rainwater or settled river water with low hardness. Watering the plant requires moderate, depending on the drying of the topsoil. If it's hot outside, watering can be daily. Leaves need to be washed from dust and thereby prevent the appearance of spider mites. If the color begins to massively fall off, there is not enough moisture. Chlorosis warns of watering with chlorine or iron. There is no violation if a beautiful flower falls off in a day. To replace it, another should bloom. The danger signal is the massive fall of flowers and unopened buds. And most often the cause of garden hibiscus disease is improper watering.

To save the plant from aphids, you need to spray it with water with ashes from cigars or cigarettes. Aphids do not tolerate the smell of lavender growing next to hibiscus. Therefore, measures should be taken in advance so that the tender hibiscus leaves are not interested in the insect.

Preparing for wintering is a crucial stage

The garden tree hibiscus sheds its leaves for the winter. In the middle lane, it grows no higher than two meters. Hibiscus blooms from July until the first frost. Frost-resistant varieties are those that do not freeze out during the southern mild winter. In the middle lane, tropical plants need shelter. For cultivation here, varieties with simple non-double flowers should be used.

The plant is watered abundantly in winter, after the top layer dries, they are piled high, but sand is added to the ground by a third. When stable frosty weather sets in, the plant is covered with shavings, sawdust, dry foliage - loose bedding about 15 cm high.

The branches, as far as possible, are bent to the ground, covered with dense non-woven material in several rows. A frame is constructed on top, on which insulating materials and coniferous spruce branches are subsequently thrown. The photo shows how garden hibiscus hibernates in the garden.

In temperate latitudes, treelike hibiscus can only overwinter with insulated roots, but it is necessary to prepare a frame for rescue in extreme conditions. In areas with a continental climate, garden hibiscus is guaranteed to be kept in cellars by digging up a plant with a large clod of earth.

Herbaceous hibiscus will overwinter if it is insulated after the ground part dies off.

Reproduction of garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagates easily by cuttings and seeds. Both methods are used, but cuttings give a decorative bush faster. The seed method allows you to get an adult flowering plant after 3 years.

For cuttings, lignified cut shoots are suitable, which give a panicle of roots in water. The best of the cuttings can be planted in pots and planted in a permanent place after winter. You can root cuttings in the substrate. But a strong bush that has grown stronger over the summer, ready for wintering, is obtained from an overwintered and grown seedling.

Hibiscus care video

Hibiscus tree-like garden: description of the plant, care, reproduction

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Garden hibiscus: how to care, how it hibernates in the garden

Hibiscus is an ancient Greek name, believed to have originated in the Hawaiian Islands and Malaysia, but there is no exact data on where it originated. Let's take a closer look at the question: garden hibiscus, photos, care and planting, how it winters in the garden. It is safe to say that he belongs to the genus herbaceous plants. It is also found as shrubs and evergreen trees.

At proper care, the hibiscus tree can reach 3 meters high and 1.5 meters wide, lives up to 20 years. In southern countries, the plant adorns the streets of cities, the flowers are large, the people call it the Chinese rose. The flowers of many species are large, bright, double and non-double, with various colors- white, bright blue, orange, dark purple, lilac, there are two-tone. There are more than 200 species of this beautiful and cheerful flower in nature. Looking at it, you get peace of mind, a sense of the surrounding beauty. In the people it is often called the "flower of love."

Planting and caring for hibiscus

This exotic flower does not require special care. If you decide to plant it in the garden, then you definitely need to find a place where the sun's rays will always fall, and it will be protected from the wind. The soil should be loose and fertile, hibiscus perfectly coexist with roses. It can also grow on sandy soil, but then its leaves may turn yellow and fall off. Soil enriched with manure enhances flowering and growth of hibiscus, requires regular watering, especially in summer.

The dug hole should be about two times larger than the root of the plant. It is necessary to pour to the bottom broken brick and small stones. Spud around the tree, giving a volumetric recess for watering. Planting should be carried out in the spring, not forgetting that the seedling needs a place to grow in the future, so the planting site should be large, bright and comfortable, protected from sudden strong winds.

Herbaceous hibiscus: propagation from seed to flowerpot

If you have decided on a hibiscus variety, then it's time to prepare the soil or earth mixture. Many use ready-made soil mixture from stores, if this is not possible, then you can cook it yourself by mixing garden soil with leafy soil in equal proportions. Ready soil sift and pour into small boxes. Now make grooves with a stick and carefully pour out the seeds.

Usually such a landing is made in winter, so in no case should you leave the boxes on the balcony, it is best to put them near the radiators. The soil will dry out very quickly, so regular watering will be required to slow down the drying rhythm. Boxes can be placed in bags or wrapped plastic wrap. When the first sprouts appear, be sure to move the boxes to a sunny place, otherwise they may die. Once the sprouts are strong, it's time to move them to separate pots. small size. As they grow, transplant into larger pots, remembering to water after transplanting. When the first bud appears, it must be removed, as the seedling may weaken and die.

Garden hibiscus: cutting propagation

Cut cuttings are placed in a bowl of water, changing the water regularly. As soon as roots appear on your baby, they are transplanted into a pot with soil. Then you can take it out to the garden plot or to the balcony, not forgetting the sunny place. The first year, you can leave the seedling in a pot, taking it into the house for the winter, thereby allowing it to get stronger. And already in the second year, you can transplant it into a garden plot or into a large tub.

For regions with a cool climate, a non-double variety of this exotic and incredibly beautiful plant. In order for hibiscus to bloom profusely, it needs pruning every two years.

Often, aphids attack him, to avoid this, plant lavender in the neighborhood, which will drive away unfriendly guests from your beauty.

The soil should be loose with good water permeability. Watering should be carried out only when necessary, that is, when the soil is slightly dry. Phosphorus top dressing will provide incredibly beautiful and rich flowering. In order for the plant to endure the winter, potash fertilizers will be needed.

See also: wonderful plant Crassula, photo, money tree. home doctor.

Pruning garden hibiscus

Pruning is necessary for better flowering, as well as for giving a certain shape, it already depends on you and your love for a magnificent, pleasing plant. The hibiscus tree and bush require patience and love. It is necessary to cut off young tree, branches up to the level of two buds, leaving a strong trunk. As soon as the tree grows to the desired height, the crown of the tree is formed from strong and healthy shoots, cutting off several buds.

In the spring, the so-called sanitary pruning is carried out, removing the diseased, old, and shoots growing inside. Pruning of the bush is carried out around the main shoot at different heights, which will give the bush a beautiful shape.

Diseases and pests of hibiscus

• Spots on the leaves, a stunted diseased appearance, shrunken stems: all these indicate that your pet is sick.
• Yellowing of the leaf on the underside is a normal process, but if the yellowing occurs on a large scale, then you have overdried the plant.
• From abundant watering, the stems can dry out.
• If your plant grows on a homestead plot, you take care of it according to all the rules of gardening, but it is not a color, it means that there is not enough phosphorus in the soil. The same can happen due to a lack of boron. Therefore, do not forget about fertilizers and feed your pet on time.
• Lack of sunlight leads the flower to a sick and weak appearance.
  In winter, having opened a window for ventilation, it is necessary to remove the pot in a warm place, otherwise it may freeze and die.
• When stickiness appears on the leaves, know that they are killed by aphids. With a weak infection, the leaves can be washed with soap and water, but if the lesion is very serious, then it is necessary to use means such as: Biotlin, Spark, Bison, Tobacco dust.
• If yellow specks appear on the leaves, which later turn into discolored areas, this is spider mite, which lives under the leaves in the web. The appearance of cobwebs and mites is promoted by dry air and heat. If the plant is not severely affected, then each leaf can be processed soapy water, when severe illness it is necessary to resort to ready-made preparations.
  An infected hibiscus (aphid, spider mite) growing in a garden plot is best transplanted to another place, treated with the necessary preparations.

How hibiscus winters in the garden

We already know that there are a large number of varieties of this beautiful and beloved flower. Many people have an association with a houseplant, or as it is also called: "Chinese rose". But many species of this plant grow and delight their owners on garden plots without demanding special attention and worries. But when winter approaches, you need to take care of him, not let him die and save until next spring. Herbaceous as well hybrid varieties, differ in frost resistance, but they still need shelter, it is necessary if we are talking about colder regions, for example, in central Russia.

• Many gardeners dig up hibiscus for the winter, transplant them into large tubs and store them in the basement until spring.
• Shelter of the plant should take place no earlier than November, so that it seems to be slightly hardened in fresh air.
• In areas where there are no frosts of more than -15 C, flower growers make special frames, on which lutrasil, agrotex are pulled. But this can lead to disease of the plant, since this material does not release heat.

Among many gardeners and floriculture enthusiasts, it is considered the best hiding place for hibiscus spruce branches. A wrapped tree or shrub with spruce branches will winter in comfort and be great. Lapnik collects snow on itself, and this is the best cozy house from any frost. The shelter is made in the form of a hut by tying the branches and wrapping them with burlap material. During wintering, uninvited guests, such as mice, can get into the hut. To avoid this, all kinds of mousetraps are laid out around, or wheat is poured inside the hut, which is mixed with poison.

Hibiscus at home

• Top dressing: starts in March and lasts until September. Feed every seven to eight days. Many prefer alternation: mineral fertilizers with mullein infusion. Infusion mixed with water in a ratio of 1:10.
• Temperature: the most suitable for hibiscus at home is +24 degrees. In the summer, if your pet is indoors and not outdoors, then be sure to ventilate the room daily, but do not leave the flowerpot in drafts.
• Light. this is a light-loving plant, the ideal place for it is a sunny balcony or a bright window sill. In winter, it also needs sunlight.
• Humidity: the air should not be too dry, neither in winter nor in summer. Therefore, it is necessary to spray hibiscus leaves.
• Watering: Water the flowerpot if necessary, preventing the soil from drying out in the flowerpot. Otherwise, this can lead to the fall of leaves and buds, and your flower will not bloom.

Watch a video on how to grow hibiscus at home

Hibiscus species

• Hibiscus, popularly known as "Chinese rose". It has all sorts of tones and shades, with the exception of blue and black, its flowers can be small, no more than 5 cm, or reach up to almost 30 cm.
• Syrian hibiscus prefers the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine, is found in Western Europe. Doesn't like winter.
• Marsh hibiscus, one of the most common species, its flowers are considered large on average, but not more than 12 cm.
• Hibiscus red leaf. It is distinguished by its red leaves with a purple tint. Sometimes found with green-red leaves. Popularly called "false rose". It also differs from all hibiscus flowering. Blooms with the arrival of autumn. In winter, it is usually transferred to storage in the basement.
• Hibiscus is sour. Gardeners prefer it, as it reproduces very easily and quickly with the help of seeds.
• Hibiscus arnotti, first appeared in the Hawaiian Islands. This evergreen tree, which can reach enormous sizes.
• Hawaiian hibiscus. This is the smallest tree or shrub. It can be tiny, 30 cm high, can grow up to 1 meter. Its leaves resemble the leaves of a ficus called Benjamin. The flowers are bright red.

We told you how to care for hibiscus at home, how it winters in the garden, what care it requires, and what types of hibiscus are. Now you can choose a suitable species for yourself, according to your region, and grow this exotic handsome man in the garden or in the house.

How to grow a garden hibiscus: planting seeds, breeding and caring for flowers for the winter

Hibiscus is considered the king of the tropics, unlike perennial verbena. It grows all over the world, preferring wild tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions.

Hibiscus has a very diverse genus and consists of approximately 220 species of annuals, herbaceous perennials, shrubs, semi-shrubs and trees. These plants have been bred for several centuries, as has their common garden neighbor, the pygmy snapdragon.

The name "Hibiscus" comes from "hibiskos", the old Greek name for marshmallow. Often, garden hibiscus flowers are large, flat, bright, and funnel-shaped. They consist of five petals and have very beautiful different colors, ranging from white to pink, red, purple or yellow color. The sizes of petals of a plant vary 4 - 15 cm in width.

plant varieties

1. Ardens is a type of garden hibiscus. It has beautiful lilac-pink flowers that bloom in early summer. Maintains its shape and does not require pruning. Counts perennial plant(from 3 years). In adulthood, reaches more than 3 meters in height.
2. blue bird A very popular type of garden hibiscus shrub. It is famous for its rare shade of flowers - clear blue with a red spot in the center. This species is a long-lived shrub and reaches up to 4 meters in height.
3. Antong Two Lil Kim an unusual variety of plant, which is famous for its bicolor flowers. Miniature shrub, reaching only 30 cm in height. It blooms profusely, the flowers are small with three ruffled petals, each of which is white with a red spot. They bloom within one to three days.

Hibiscus flowers Antong Two Lil Kim pictured

reproduction

Hibiscus flowers form pods that contain the seed. When ripe, the pods open and the seeds fall to the ground, where they germinate easily. In order to plant healthy seeds in the right place, they must first be collected, as in planting and caring for the ageratum.

1. The maturity of the pods is determined by their brown color.
2. Before collecting a bush, plants must be overlaid with paper bags or bags. This will prevent the seeds from scattering on the ground after the pods open.
3. Empty the bag periodically.

When buying seeds, you need to pay attention to the description and photo of the plant variety.

Planting garden hibiscus seeds :

1. Before sowing, it is necessary to do a seed viability test, as with the cultivation of perennial morning glory, about planting and caring for which, read here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/vertikalnoe-o/ipomei-posadka-i-uxod.html. This will require placing 5 to 10 grains in a moist paper towel and seal in a plastic bag.
2. Leave the seeds room temperature within 5 - 7 days. After a while, remove and check for swelling or root formation. If such signs are present, the seeds are viable.
3. Fill the planting tray with moistened organic mix.
4. Sow the seed at a distance of 0.5 cm from each other, lightly crush the soil on top. Pour abundantly from a watering can.
5. Keep the pot in a warm, sunny place. Don't let the soil dry out. Full germination occurs in two to three weeks.

It is important to note that when propagated by seeds, plants are particularly resistant to weather conditions and other stressful conditions. But at the same time they can lose their varietal qualities.

Photo of tree cuttings

One of the types of distribution of garden hibiscus is propagation by cuttings. Often it is held in early summer or late autumn.

• Select a pagon from the top of the bush and cut it obliquely with a pruner. Remove the bottom leaves from the cutting, but leave a few on the top. Before planting, put the pagon in the water.
• Fill a one-litre tray with good quality soil and water until dry gaps are completely eliminated. Make a hole in the center of the pot for the cutting to be planted in.
• Pour ½ teaspoon of growth promoter powder into the hole. Lower the cutting into the prepared recess 3 - 5 cm deep. Sprinkle with earth and press to eliminate air, water.
• Using the frame and film, create around the handle small greenhouse. Keep at room temperature in a brightly lit area. In this case, direct sunlight should be avoided, as the plant can get burned.
• Root development is observed after 3 weeks, as with planting and caring for daylily flowers. Checking their appearance is very simple - you need to pull on the leaves, if the cutting is rooted, it will firmly turn gray in the soil.

The division of the bush

• Reproduction by dividing the bush is carried out mainly by complex hybrid plants. And it consists in dividing the rhizome, while only large, overgrown shrubs are selected.
• Held in spring period. To do this, the bush is completely dug out and divided into several parts, depending on the number of stems and buds.
• It is allowed to tear the roots with your hands, as well as the use of secateurs.
• After planting, all plants must be fertilized and watered abundantly with water, as with planting and caring for heather, a photo of which can be viewed here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/derevo-i-kust/veresk-posadka-i-uxod. html.

This propagation method is convenient in case of maintaining varietal purity.

Choice of location and soil

All types of garden hibiscus grow best in partial shade. In this case, the plant needs about 6 hours of sun per day.

1. Choice right soil create favorable conditions for plant growth and development.
2. Proper soil should be 5% perlite, 50% peat and 45% bark. hard rock tree.
3. For good plant growth, the pH should be in the range of 5.5 to 6.5. This pH range makes the soil slightly acidic.
4. The plant does best in soil with high content organic substances.
5. Garden hibiscus prefers well-drained soil. The soil should not remain wet for a long time, as this can lead to root rot and slow growth.

planting technology

Before planting the plant in the ground, it is important to prepare the planting hole.

• Check drainage. Initially, you need to make sure that the soil has good drainage. This can be done by pouring a gallon of water into the hole. If the water disappears within an hour, then the drainage is good enough. If after an hour the water remains, then by planting the plant in such soil, there will be a great risk of flooding its roots.

Once the drainage is established, plant the seedlings fairly deep, covering the roots with a few inches of soil.

Hibiscus Care

Hibiscus is a water-loving plant. It has many large leaves and large flat flowers that will require a lot of moisture.

Hibiscus watering can be divided into two zones - in cold weather and in hot weather. In hot weather, hibiscus will require a lot of water and usually prefer a steady supply. In this case, it is necessary to avoid flooding the roots, as well as stagnant water for a long time.

With a lack of water in hot weather, the sheets will wilt. To avoid this, the plant needs frequent and plentiful watering during a drought. Under cold and humid conditions, the plant is subject to fungal root diseases. You can get around this problem by limiting the watering of the plant. During this period, dry land is more preferable than overflows and stagnant water. Since this is one of the few signs that cause frequent death of the plant.

As for water quality, hibiscus is not very picky and will tolerate even tap water if its pH (acidity) ranges from 5.0 to 7.0.

Hibiscus tree garden, unlike herbaceous, needs regular pruning.

Pruning helps to stimulate new shoots and also rejuvenates and awakens the plant after winter dormancy.

• Often, hibiscus is pruned a little in late summer and early autumn. At the same time, you should not cut the plant at the end of autumn or in winter, as this can provoke the early formation and death of buds.
• Just before the procedure itself, you should make sure that the secateurs are sharp and clean. It is also desirable to sterilize them with alcohol gels. This will prevent the possibility of infection of the branches of the plant.
• Branches are pruned just above the nodes. Weak, diseased or dead shoots are removed.

In order to maintain growth, a healthy and beautiful color of the plant, it must be fed. At the same time, the bush needs a large amount of nutrients.

What does a hibiscus need?

• Lots of potassium. It is essential to support garden hibiscus with potassium, especially during flowering periods. It neutralizes various stressful situations to which the plant may be subjected. Helps in photosynthesis and plant.
• Limited in phosphorus. Hibiscus does not tolerate phosphorus very well in high doses. Namely, with prolonged and abundant use of it in fertilizers, the roots of the plant block the flow of phosphorus, and with it other useful minerals and nutrients. As a result, the plant slowly and painfully dies of hunger.
• moderate amount of nitrogen. All living cells use nitrogen, and all plants need a lot of it. Nitrogen is used by plants for the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and other metabolic processes. Too much can "burn" the leaves, turning their edges into dry, dark brown streaks. And the lack - leads to a slowdown in plant growth.

In the summer, it is best to use high-calorie top dressing. Can be watered diluted liquid fertilizers once a week, slowly released once a month or add potassium compost to the soil. In winter, you should completely abandon the bait of the plant.

Pests and their control

Juicy and bright colors make hibiscus attractive to many insects, including pests. They pierce the leaves and suck the juice out of them, sometimes spreading viral infections. They also lay eggs in buds, as a result of which they fall off even before opening.

Signs of a pest:

• spider mite- affects the leaves, creating unsightly yellow spots on them.
• thrips- in the affected plant, the buds lose their color and fall off, this is due to the fact that pests lay eggs in the buds.
• gall midges- the disease leads to yellowing and falling of the kidneys.
• whiteflies- creates chaotic white spots on the leaves, and is also noted by the presence of white flies. As a result, the plant acquires an unpleasant appearance and gradually dies.

To prepare garden hibiscus for winter, you need to take into account and complete several steps:

1. Proper pruning. Garden hibiscus should be pruned for the winter or already directly at the beginning of spring. Thanks to such pruning, the plant will release new pagons in time, without losing strength on the old ones.
2. Watering. Before the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to irrigate the plant once abundantly. But at the same time, in no case should you water during frosts, as there is a high probability of the formation of an ice crust on the roots.
3. Hilling. A couple of days after watering, the bush needs to be spudded.
4. Shelter. In the second half of November, when the temperature reaches below 5 degrees, the plant will need to be insulated for the winter. To do this, you can use the mulching procedure or fill the bush with dry sawdust. At the same time, young bushes will need stronger protection from frost - they can be covered with a film or a bag, pressing something heavy on the sides.

The best time to transplant hibiscus, as well as when planting and caring for irises, photos of which are in the article. - after withering of inflorescences. Often this period falls at the end of August or September.

• To transplant, you should dig a bush and carefully move it to a new landing site. In this case, you need to make sure that the root ball is not damaged.
• Place the bush in the hole you dug and cover with earth. Press down to remove air pockets.
• Once transplanted, the hibiscus bush will need plenty of moisture for four to six weeks. So you will have to water every two to three days, provided there is no rain.

Photo of garden hibiscus grown from seed

The hardy and prolific garden hibiscus does not require much attention and care, but at the same time it always decorates any area with its most beautiful flowers.

All that needs to be done is to get a few extra plants in order to compensate for the barren period of one flower with another. But in any case, this plant is universal. Easy care and extraordinary flowers make it one of the most beautiful shrubs which can be placed in the garden or in the yard.

Hibiscus is a plant of the Malvaceae family. It is very loved by flower growers, since almost all types of this plant bloom very beautifully. Hibiscus flowers, even within the same species, are very diverse. More than 200 species and about 500 varieties of this plant are known.

Did you know?A distinctive feature of all hibiscus is the brevity of the life of flowers. Each flower lives only one day - it opens in the morning and fades in the evening.

In our latitudes, three types of hibiscus are common. One of them is grown indoors and is better known as China rose. Hibiscus Chinese can be taken out in the summer to the garden, but still it is considered a houseplant. The other two types of hibiscus are garden hibiscus.

Garden types of hibiscus

In gardens in the south of Russia, Ukraine and the Crimea, one can often find Syrian hibiscus, which is also called tree-like. This flowering shrub, which can reach up to 3 m in height. Often boles are formed from it, as a result of which a beautifully flowering tree is obtained. With a very close planting of several varieties, you can create a standard tree from a garden hibiscus with different colors.

Hibiscus tree is a perennial. In one place, it can grow up to 10 years. Blooms from June to September. The flowers of the Syrian hibiscus can be simple and double, of various shades, but not large. But in the second type of garden hibiscus, herbaceous hibiscus, the diameter of the flowers reaches 26 cm. Herbaceous hibiscus is also called swamp.

Important!Hibiscus blooms in the second half of May, so do not rush to think that it is frozen and immediately throw the plant away. Herbaceous hibiscus is more frost-resistant, can grow not only in the south, but also in temperate latitudes. It is also spudded for the winter with dry foliage or dry manure.

The varieties of this plant are also very diverse. The height ranges from 80 cm to 2 m, and the flowers have a variety of shades. The plant grows well in one place, but after 5 years, a hibiscus transplant is required to another place in the garden. Rises in the second half of May. Blooms from late June to early September. Sudanese rose, rosella, or hibiscus sabdariffa, comes from India, it is grown in all tropical areas. From this type of hibiscus, a hibiscus drink is made, where dark red petals, calyxes and subcups of flowers are used, they are called roses. All parts of this plant, except for the roots, are edible. The plant can be grown at home in a pot culture, and the seeds can easily be found in a hibiscus tea bag.

Garden Hibiscus Care

Hibiscus propagation

hibiscus breeds different ways:

dividing the bush;

cuttings;

layering;

Seeds.

Syrian hibiscus is best propagated by cuttings, while you can use the twigs that were left when pruning the bush. Cuttings 15-20 cm long are placed in water. Roots appear in 2-3 weeks. Then the cuttings are transplanted into pots with light soil.

Planted in the ground the next year. Herbaceous hibiscus is best propagated by dividing the bush in the spring, when the shoots grow by 10-15 cm. Propagation by cuttings, layering and dividing the bush guarantees the preservation of the varietal properties of the plant. Both types of hibiscus can be propagated from seeds. Growing hibiscus from seeds at home is quite easy. Seeds can be bought at the store, or you can collect seed pods from bushes in your area when they are ripe.

But with self-collection of seeds, one cannot expect that a plant will grow that exactly repeats the parent. Many flower growers specially pollinate flowers of different hibiscus to get new variety. For better germination, you can put the seeds in the refrigerator for 2 weeks at a positive temperature. Sow in pots one seed at a time. Planted in the ground the next year. Tree hibiscus grown from seeds can only bloom in the fourth year, and grassy hibiscus will bloom in the second.

Hibiscus Pruning Rules

Prune hibiscus tree in early spring. This is done to remove dried and broken branches, give the plant a more beautiful shape, or provide abundant flowering. Hibiscus flowers appear on the shoots of the current year, so in order to increase the number of flowers, Syrian hibiscus can be pruned before the start of summer. The plant responds very well to pruning and grows back quickly. Of course, pruning is more applicable to Syrian hibiscus, but grassy hibiscus can also be pruned. If the variety of such hibiscus is very tall, then it can be cut at the height you need. At the same time, hibiscus will let side shoots, forming a denser bush. But the flowers on the side shoots of the herbaceous hibiscus are much smaller than those on the stem.

How to cover garden hibiscus for the winter

Hibiscus tree is less resistant to frost. Growing hibiscus in open ground perhaps where the air temperature in winter rarely exceeds -20 ° C. A bush of such a hibiscus is spudded with dry foliage for the winter, the trunk is insulated with spruce branches or a frame covered with agrotex or lutrasil is built. But with such insulation, there is a danger of the appearance of rodents under the litter or diaper rash of the bark. If the tree is small, it can be transplanted into a tub and placed in a basement or other cool room until spring.

Basically, the name hibiscus is associated with Chinese rose , which is successfully grown by amateurs indoor plants in houses and apartments. However, there are garden varieties, which winter well under cover, and even those that, with slight frosts, do not need warming at all.

Herbaceous and hybrid hibiscus tolerate frost well. In the conditions of central Russia, they can not be covered, but it is necessary to prune before a cold snap. More delicate varieties, especially terry ones, tolerate low temperatures worse, so protection from the cold is mandatory for them.

Important! The frost resistance of the plant increases with age. If the seedling is very young and will winter for the first time, it is better to cover it, no matter what variety it belongs to. If the hibiscus is grown from cuttings that have given roots in water, it is better not to plant it outside at all for the first winter, but to leave it in a pot indoors.

When to start training and what exactly needs to be done?

To grow hibiscus outdoors, you need to immediately pay attention to frost-resistant varieties. It is known that terry varieties they winter worse, so shelter is necessary for them even in a fairly mild climate. Also be sure to check the status planting material: seedlings should be free of damage and signs of disease. It is better to give preference to trees from famous nurseries who managed to prove themselves with the quality of plants.

When planting a seedling in the ground, it is necessary to choose the right place and prepare the planting hole well. You need to pay attention to the flow ground water– they should not flow close to the surface of the earth. This can lead to moisture stagnation, weakening of the roots and, as a result, a decrease in the frost resistance of the plant. It is better to choose a place on a hill or even create an artificial hill or alpine slide specifically for planting hibiscus. At the same time, hibiscus loves lit places.

Undersized shrubs can be planted next to the hibiscus with a developed root system. They will help retain the necessary moisture and protect the plant from the winds.

If the hibiscus is already growing in the area and it's time to prepare it for another winter, you can start with abundant watering. This should not be delayed. The temperature should not be below zero so that the water does not remain a crust of ice over the roots. Phosphorus and complex fertilizers can also be applied to the soil.

Next, you need to trim. This can be done when the average temperature reaches -5 to -10 0C. All seed pods should be removed, shoots shortened by an average of 10 cm and side branches pinched so that new growths form in their place. Formative pruning is absolutely impossible - this will weaken the plant.

Hibiscus roots must be mulched before the cold weather. For this, garden perlite or dry straw is suitable.

After the soil is well fertilized and moistened, the plant is cut off, and its roots are mulched, you can cover it.

How to hide: step by step instructions

When the temperature drops to -15, the hibiscus should definitely be covered, but you can do it earlier.

The best material for this is spruce branches. Its effectiveness has been proven by research. The only negative when using it is the interest of rodents in it, although they can be quickly dealt with with mousetraps or special means laid at the base of the shelter.

The usual covering can also come up. garden materials. For example, spanbond, lutrasil or agrotex. But with strong (below -15 0C) and prolonged frosts, they may be ineffective. In this case, you can make several layers.

So, to shelter hibiscus for the winter you need:

1. Make a frame around the bush. It is better if it is in the form of a hut so that the snow does not linger on its roof and does not break the tree. If the plant is herbaceous, you can simply bend it to the ground.
2. Wrap it with covering material or cover it with spruce branches.
3. If necessary, make several layers.
4. Fix shelter.

If the plant is tree-like and strong enough, you can do without a frame. Then just wrap the bush with covering material or sheaves of spruce branches and strengthen it.

Photo

Here you can see a photo of tree hibiscus in the garden:

Cold weather care

Hibiscus in winter special care does not need. The main thing is to check that the shelter is not damaged, and the bush is not left without protection. It is also worth paying attention to whether the layer of snow bends it too much to the ground. Otherwise, the tree may be damaged.

What to do at the end of winter?

As soon as the frosts recede and a stable positive temperature is established, you can open the hibiscus. Do not sound the alarm if the plant does not immediately begin to form new buds. He still needs to wake up. Formative pruning can already be done in spring or early summer.

In general, caring for garden hibiscus does not require special skills. The main thing is to provide comfortable conditions For tropical plant. Proper watering and fertilizing, as well as taking care of it during cold weather, will allow you to enjoy its flowering for more than one season.