Garden hibiscus in its homeland, the Hawaiian Islands, is considered flower of love. Indeed, it is dazzlingly bright and attractive. Its presence in the garden can create a festive mood. Although garden hibiscus It looks exotic and is easy to care for.

Hot pink terry variety justifies the popular name of hibiscus - the flower of love.

Varietal diversity of garden hibiscus

Garden (sometimes also called Syrian) hibiscus belongs to the Malvaceae family. Under natural conditions, up to 200 different species of this plant are found - they differ in size and shape, as well as in the size and color of the flower (the flowers of some varieties can correspond to the size of a volleyball ball).

Tree varieties often decorate the streets in southern countries.

Based on the shape of the plants, they are distinguished:

• shrubs;
• subshrubs;
• decorative trees;
• herbaceous species.

Low herbaceous species look bright in borders and flower beds.

It is worth noting the most attractive varieties in modern garden culture:

• Woodbridge with ruby-red single flowers, prefers free space;
• gorgeous terry Ardens;
• upright bush Oiseau Bleu with blue-violet flowers up to 14 cm in diameter;
• Lady Stanley, flowers reminiscent of carnations;
• vertically growing Totus Albus with simple white flowers;
• created to solo in the composition compact bush Hamabo, blooming pink.

Ruby flowers of the Woodbridge variety.

It depends on the type chosen placement of plants in the composition. Thus, low-growing shrubs look great in mixed borders. Syrian hibiscus also looks harmonious with ground cover roses and contrasts with decorative deciduous shrubs. But the tree-like variety can be perfectly played up by using several plants with different colors in a standard solitaire planting.

The bush Totus Albus decorates itself with simple white flowers.

How to care for a plant

Planting garden hibiscus carried out in the spring. Make sure that the plant you plant in the garden is well protected from the winds.

The diameter of Oiseau Bleu flowers can reach 14 cm.

Keep in mind that the bush thermophilic and demanding of light. If you place it in a shaded area, it will grow more slowly and will not bloom too profusely. Here are some recommendations from reviews experienced flower growers. Follow them and caring for garden hibiscus will be very simple:

1. If your site is located in a cool climate region, then choose non-double varieties - they are more hardy.
2. For hibiscus to bloom profusely, it will require light pruning every two years.
3. Supplement your planting with hibiscus with lavender bushes - this will help protect the plant from aphids.
4. Mandatory for the plant fertile soil with good water permeability.
5. Overwatering the plant does not need it - the soil should be moistened only after it dries out.
6. Lush flowering will be provided to you if you do not forget about regular phosphorus fertilizing.
7. Potassium fertilizers will also be required - thanks to this wintering plants it will become easier.

The Ardens variety is classified as terry.

By the way, this garden shrub suitable for growing and as a pot plant. This method of growing is somewhat more complicated. So, the plant needs to choose an ideal place in every sense - otherwise, when moving or turning a flowering plant, there is a high risk of breaking weak peduncles. Choose a sunny and warm place, protected from winds. The hibiscus in the tub will need to be trimmed regularly (in early spring or autumn) - this will help maintain its decorative shape.

Garden hibiscus feels great in a tub. A little imagination and... the tricolor looks even more impressive!

Hibiscus tubs should be sprayed regularly, since this tropical plant. Every two weeks, feed it with phosphorus group fertilizers. You should also water the plant regularly to keep the soil moist. For the winter, the tub should be moved to a room with a temperature of about 13ºC and sufficient light. Watering is not stopped during this period, but its frequency is reduced.

Soft pink compact Hamabo.

Replanting garden hibiscus may not be necessary at all.- under conditions of constant fertilizing and watering, in a well-lit place, the plant can live for more than 20 years. If you decide to replant the plant, then do it in early spring. After transplantation, the hibiscus is pruned and the next year it produces excellent results. flowering plant.

Rules for pruning hibiscus

Flower buds of garden hibiscus are formed only on the shoots of the current year. Therefore, regular pruning will guarantee you many flowers. Trim the plant to the beginning active growth- at the end of winter.

They can become a real decoration for your site. You probably have no idea how many amazingly beautiful and unusual varieties the breeders managed to develop.

Phlox can often be seen in summer cottages and garden plots. ABOUT proper cultivation see these colors.

By the way, pruning can also be used to ensure decorative shrub. In southern countries, where hibiscus is ubiquitous, it is used to make balls, pyramids and even cubes strewn with flowers.

Ardens purple is formed in the form of a decorative tree.

The plant tolerates pruning very well. You can form a bush or a tree of the size you need - such compactness will allow the hibiscus to fit into the design of not only a summer cottage, but also a terrace and even a balcony.

How to prepare garden hibiscus for winter

Most non-double varieties of garden hibiscus - frost-resistant. This means that in the southern regions no special preparation for winter is required, but in the northern regions the plant overwinters only with shelter.

It is often used in decorative gardening and landscape design. This is understandable: its magnificent huge inflorescences will leave few people indifferent.

The most common lilac, it turns out, has many varieties. With a skillful approach, you can plant a whole one on your site!

And from Thunberg barberry you can make a picturesque purple border. Here is all about growing and propagating barberry.

Herbaceous and tree hibiscus They prepare for wintering in the same way - they need to be trimmed and watered abundantly (before frost sets in). A few days after watering, the plants are earthed up, and for this they use ordinary soil with the addition of sand.

Ready for winter! Shelter option for plants.

In the second half of November they also conduct insulation. To do this, the prepared plant is covered with sawdust or dry leaves so that the height of the mound is about 15 cm. Young bushes need to be covered especially carefully, for which there are several ways:

• the entire bush is bent to the ground and covered with a special fabric (spunbond, lutrasil), and then also with plastic film;
• A strong frame is created around the bush, wrapped with covering material in several layers, and for better cover they even use spruce branches.

By the way, after the winter frosts the bush Syrian hibiscus It takes a long time to come out of dormancy - take this into account so as not to uproot a viable plant.

Reproduction methods

Garden hibiscus reproduces in several ways:

Cut cuttings take root fairly quickly in water.

1. Cuttings. The cut cuttings are placed in water and then planted in the ground as soon as roots appear on it. You can first plant the seedling in a pot and place it in the garden for the summer, and take it to a warm place for the winter. Cuttings are carried out in the spring, before flowering begins - you can also use the parts remaining after pruning.
2. Reproduction of garden hibiscus can also be carried out by seeds. They are sown from January to March. Before planting, the seeds are soaked in Epin solution and then placed in a soil mixture of peat and sand. The bowl with seeds is covered with glass. It is important to maintain heat - up to 27ºC, which will promote good seed germination. The bowl should be ventilated periodically. As soon as the seedlings have several leaves, they can be planted in separate small pots.

The seeds have sprouted and can soon be planted in pots.

Keep in mind that if the shrub is grown from seeds, flowers will appear on it only after 3-4 years.

What difficulties can you expect?

So, if on hibiscus buds begin to form, but soon fall off, then the reason for this is insufficient watering or lack of nutrients.

If there is an excess iron content in irrigation water, then the lower leaves of the plant will fall off, and the top ones turn yellow.

Lady Stanley's flowers resemble carnation flowers.

Lush foliage combined with complete absence of leaves indicates that the plant received excess nitrogen fertilization.

Lack of moisture is indicated limp drooping leaves, and too cold soil will cause the roots to dry out.

Incredibly beautiful terry variety Danica.

Garden hibiscus is an excellent plant for single and group plantings. It does not require complex care, and thanks to the variety of varieties, it will decorate your site for many years.

Video

An amateur gardener talks about herbaceous hibiscus (flower diameter is 27 cm!), its flowering and care.

Hibiscus is a flower from the mallow family that has many different varieties and hybrids. They are annual and perennial, herbaceous and tree-like, garden and indoor, frost-resistant and heat-loving. By growing the desired varieties of hibiscus, it can be used to decorate rooms or a personal plot. Growing the herbaceous hybrid hibiscus, which is characterized by its ease of care and very large flowers (up to 25 cm in diameter), is becoming especially popular.

In this article, we will consider such an important issue in growing garden hibiscus - how exactly it should be prepared for winter, so that next year you can enjoy its flowering.

When is it necessary to cover garden hibiscus for the winter?

Frost-resistant perennial shrubs are classified as garden varieties of hibiscus, which in the southern regions do not need special preparation for winter, but in the northern regions or in regions with harsh winters with little snow - they simply need to be properly covered.

The herbaceous hibiscus hybrid is initially a frost-resistant crop, and during the winter the above-ground part (stems) of the plant itself dies off and only its powerful rhizomes remain in the ground. For successful wintering of this type of garden hibiscus, it will be enough to simply mulch the soil at the planting site.

How to keep hibiscus in the garden in winter?

In order to prevent freezing in extreme frosts (from -15°C), both herbaceous and tree-like varieties of garden hibiscus require proper care when preparing for the winter. It consists of several stages:

• pruning;
• watering;
• hilling;
• mulching the soil or covering the plant.

Varieties that grow as a bush with woody shoots (for example: Syrian garden hibiscus) can be pruned for the winter in the same way as a rose, or not pruned at all, but pruned in early spring, when frozen shoots are visible.

In herbaceous varieties of hibiscus (swamp, armed or their hybrid), all stems are cut off completely, leaving only stumps 10 cm above the ground.

Necessarily late autumn do moisture-recharging watering of bush plants, but this should be done before the onset of frost, so that an ice crust does not form around the roots.

A few days after watering, you should hill up both the bushes and the remains of herbaceous hibiscus to a depth of 15-22 cm, using ordinary garden soil with the addition of humus and sand to prevent overheating of the root system.

The last stage in preparing garden hibiscus for winter is insulation, which is usually carried out from the second half of November, when the air temperature no longer rises above +5°C.

Herbaceous species are simply covered with harvested dry fallen leaves, making a mound about 15 cm high. You can also use dry sawdust instead of soil.

Young bushes especially need shelter from frost, since the frost resistance of hibiscus increases with age. This can be done in two ways:

If the winter is going to be very cold, then it is better to add spruce branches to such a shelter.

Knowing how to properly cover the hibiscus growing in your garden for the winter, every year you will enjoy its beautiful blooms, which are a real decoration of your flower garden. But do not rush to uproot hibiscus bushes in early spring if they have not moved away from wintering. Bush varieties Hibiscus (especially Syrian) emerges from winter dormancy much later than its herbaceous hybrids.

Care and propagation of garden hibiscus

The tropics provided many plants for cultivated agriculture. Among them is garden hibiscus; its care and propagation will not cause difficulties even in the middle zone. Among the many garden varieties The most unpretentious is the Syrian hibiscus. It tolerates low temperatures and moves further north.

Read also: Flowerbeds of perennials - the choice of lazy people or a reason to create a masterpiece

Garden hibiscus plant and its varieties

In total, in natural conditions there are 200 varieties of hibiscus, and through the efforts of breeders their number has increased to 500. All cultivated species are divided according to the form of development:

• herbaceous varieties;
• tree-like;
• shrubby.

Growing and caring for garden hibiscus is exciting activity. In landscape design, all types of plants occupy special niches. Herbaceous varieties overwinter well under cover and produce beautiful curtains that camouflage farm buildings.

Planting and caring for garden hibiscus - photo - shrubs allows you to get a hedge and various compositions by forming. Particularly easy to work with unpretentious hibiscus Syrian. Most common in mild climates middle zone it became a bush. It is easier to cover for winter storage.

Agricultural technology of hibiscus

To grow garden hibiscus in an unusual climate, you need to follow the recommendations of breeders in care and propagation. The main operations are considered:

• choose a planting location;
• water and feed;
• prepare for winter.

Care includes protecting plantings from pests, diseases and creating decorative forms.

In a bright, sunny place and without replanting, garden hibiscus can grow for up to 20 years. The selected location should be protected from wind and scorching sun rays. Planting a plant from a container or replanting should be done in the spring, when the plant is full vitality. Well-developed plants are planted as seedlings. Basically, bushes that have overwintered in a warm container are replanted.

Proper rooting of hibiscus

The plant's strong root system consists of a central rod with shoots. Hibiscus does not need a transplant if it receives enough nutrition. That's why landing hole prepared in advance. It is dug with reserve so that the roots have room to develop at first in the loose soil. The nutritional composition is laid down:

• turf land - 2 parts;
• leaf soil - 2 parts;
• ripe humus - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Half a bucket of water is poured out. The roots are placed on the pillow, without damaging it, with the expectation that the top tier will be at surface level. Only light roots work on the plant; the old ones take nutrients for themselves.

The soil is carefully added and compacted, and the new plant is hilled up on top and watered so that the soil between the roots is compacted. The photo shows planting and subsequent care of tree hibiscus.

If the plant needs to be transplanted to a new location, then best time in spring before flowering. The upper roots are removed, and the tree is moved to a new location without destroying the earthen coma. So that the plant can feed the upper part, the crown is pruned before replanting.

Regular fertilizing with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is important in growing and caring for garden hibiscus. Phosphorus activates flowering, and potassium improves the winter hardiness of the plant. Juice with a high content of potassium salts is not liked by aphids, the main pest of the plant.

Formation of an ornamental plant

In some areas with cold winters, garden hibiscus is grown as a pot plant. If you grow three plants with different colors in one container, then by intertwining the trunks during the growth process you can get a multi-color composition with a common trunk, as in the photo of the garden tree hibiscus.

In the spring, with the appearance of new stems, old dry twigs are removed. Pruning is necessary, only young branches bloom. Therefore, remove excess branches before sap flow begins in the spring. Old branches are cut out, shoots from last year are shortened by a quarter. By systematic pruning, bushes can be given the required form. There are several types of pruning:

• stimulating, early spring;
• thinning, removal of dried, weakened shoots;
• corrective;
• autumn, after flowering stops;
• for survival when a minimum of ground mass is left.

Watering and spraying hibiscus

Water for irrigation needs rain or settled river water with low hardness. The plant requires moderate watering, depending on the drying of the top layer of soil. If it's hot outside, watering can be daily. The leaves need to be washed to remove dust and thus prevent the appearance of spider mites. If the color begins to fall en masse, there is not enough moisture. Chlorosis warns of watering with water containing chlorine or iron. There is no violation if beautiful flower It falls off within a day. Another one must bloom to replace it. A danger signal is the massive fall of flowers and unopened buds. And most often the cause of garden hibiscus disease is improper watering.

To save the plant from aphids, you need to spray it with water and ash from cigars or cigarettes. Aphids cannot tolerate the smell of lavender growing near hibiscus. Therefore, measures should be taken in advance to ensure that the delicate leaves of hibiscus do not interest the insect.

Preparation for wintering is an important stage

Garden tree hibiscus sheds its leaves for the winter. In the middle zone it grows no higher than two meters. Hibiscus blooms from July until the first frost. Frost-resistant varieties are considered to be those that do not freeze in mild southern winters. In the middle zone, tropical plants need shelter. For cultivation here, varieties with simple, non-double flowers should be used.

In winter, the plant is watered abundantly, after the top layer has dried, it is hilled high, but sand is added to the ground by a third. When stable frosty weather sets in, the plant is covered with shavings, sawdust, dry leaves - loose bedding about 15 cm high.

The branches, as far as possible, bend down to the ground, cover themselves with dense non-woven material in several rows. A frame is built on top, onto which insulating materials and coniferous spruce branches are subsequently thrown. The photo shows how garden hibiscus overwinters in the garden.

In temperate latitudes, tree hibiscus can overwinter only with insulated roots, but it is necessary to prepare a frame for survival in extreme conditions. In areas with a continental climate, garden hibiscus is guaranteed to be preserved in cellars by digging up the plant from big lump land.

Herbaceous hibiscus will overwinter if it is insulated after the above-ground part dies.

Reproduction of garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagates easily by cuttings and seeds. Both methods are used, but cuttings produce a decorative bush faster. The seed method allows you to get an adult flowering plant in 3 years.

Woody cut shoots that produce a panicle of roots in water are suitable for cuttings. The best cuttings can be planted in pots and planted on permanent place. You can also root cuttings in the substrate. But a strong bush, strengthened over the summer, ready for wintering, is obtained from an overwintered and grown seedling.

Video about caring for garden hibiscus

Hibiscus tree garden: description of the plant, care, reproduction

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Garden hibiscus: how to care, how to overwinter in the garden

Hibiscus - an ancient Greek name, is believed to come from Hawaii and Malaysia, there is no exact data on where it came from. Let's take a closer look at the question: garden hibiscus, photos, care and planting, how to overwinter in the garden. It is safe to say that it belongs to the genus of herbaceous plants. It is also found in the form of shrubs and evergreen trees.

At proper care, the hibiscus tree can reach 3 meters in height and 1.5 meters in width, and lives up to 20 years. In southern countries, the plant decorates city streets, the flowers are large, people call it Chinese rose. The flowers of many species are large, bright, double and non-double, with different colors - white, bright blue, orange, dark purple, lilac, sometimes bicolor. There are more than 200 species of this beautiful and cheerful flower in nature. Looking at it, you get peace of mind and a sense of surrounding beauty. People often call it the “flower of love.”

Planting and caring for hibiscus

This exotic flower does not require special care. If you decide to plant it in the garden, then you definitely need to find a place where you will always get Sun rays, and it will be protected from the wind. The soil should be loose and fertile; hibiscus coexists well with roses. It can also grow on sandy soil, but then its leaves may turn yellow and fall off. Soil enriched with manure enhances the flowering and growth of hibiscus and requires regular watering, especially in summer.

The dug hole should be approximately two times larger than the root of the plant. You need to pour it into the bottom broken brick and small pebbles. Hill up around the tree, creating a voluminous recess for watering. Planting should be carried out in the spring, not forgetting that the seedling needs room to grow in the future, so the planting area should be large, bright and comfortable, protected from sudden strong winds.

Herbaceous hibiscus: propagation from seeds to flowerpot

If you have decided on the variety of hibiscus, then it’s time to prepare the soil or soil mixture. Many people use ready-made soil mixture from stores; if this is not possible, you can prepare it yourself by mixing garden soil with leaf soil in equal proportions. Ready soil it is necessary to sift and pour into small boxes. Now make grooves using a stick and carefully sprinkle the seeds.

Typically, such planting is done in winter, so under no circumstances should the boxes be left on the balcony; it is best to place them near the radiators. The soil will dry out very quickly, so regular watering will be required to slow down the drying rate. You can place the boxes in bags or wrap them in plastic wrap. When the first shoots appear, be sure to move the boxes to a sunny place, otherwise they may die. Once the sprouts are strong, it's time to move them into separate pots small sizes. As they grow, transplant into larger pots, not forgetting to water after transplanting. When the first bud appears, it must be removed, as the seedling may weaken and die.

Garden hibiscus: cutting propagation

The cut cuttings are placed in a bowl of water, changing the water regularly. As soon as roots appear on your baby, they are transplanted into a pot with soil. Then you can take it out to the garden plot or to the balcony, not forgetting a sunny place. For the first year, you can leave the seedling in a pot, taking it indoors for the winter, thereby allowing it to grow stronger. And already in the second year you can transplant it into a garden plot or into a large tub.

For regions with a cool climate, a non-double variety of this exotic and incredibly beautiful plant is best suited. In order for hibiscus to bloom profusely, it needs pruning every two years.

Often it is attacked by aphids, to avoid this, plant lavender next door, which will drive away unfriendly guests from your beauty.

The soil should be loose with good water permeability. Water only when necessary, that is, when the soil has dried out a little. Phosphorus supplements will ensure incredibly beautiful and rich flowering. In order for the plant to survive the winter, potash fertilizers will be needed.

Look also: the wonderful Crassula plant, photo, money tree. home doctor.

Pruning garden hibiscus

Pruning is necessary for better flowering, as well as to give it a certain shape, it depends on you and your love for a magnificent, pleasing to the eye plant. A hibiscus tree and bush require patience and love. It is necessary to trim young tree, branches to the level of two buds, leaving a strong trunk. As soon as the tree grows to the desired height, the crown of the tree is formed from strong and healthy shoots, cutting off several buds.

In the spring, so-called sanitary pruning is carried out, removing diseased, old, and shoots growing inward. The bush is pruned around the main shoot at different heights, which will give the bush a beautiful shape.

Diseases and pests of hibiscus

• Spots on the leaves, a stunted, sickly appearance, shriveled stems: all this indicates that your pet is sick.
• Yellowing of the leaf on the underside is a normal process, but if yellowing occurs on a large scale, it means the plant has dried out.
• Excessive watering can cause the stems to dry out.
• If your plant grows on a garden plot, you take care of it according to all the rules of gardening, but it does not bloom, which means there is not enough phosphorus in the soil. The same can happen due to a lack of boron. Therefore, do not forget about fertilizers and feed your pet on time.
• Lack of sunlight makes the flower look sick and weak.
  In winter, after opening a window for ventilation, you need to put the pot in a warm place, otherwise it may freeze and die.
• When stickiness appears on the leaves, you should know that aphids are killing them. If the infection is mild, the leaves can be washed with soap and water, but if the infection is very serious, then it is necessary to use products such as: Biotlin, Iskra, Bison, Tobacco dust.
• If yellow specks appear on the leaves, which will later turn into discolored areas, this is spider mite, which lives under the leaves in the web. The appearance of spider webs and mites is promoted by dry air and heat. If the plant is not severely affected, then each leaf can be treated soap solution, when severe illness it is necessary to resort to ready-made drugs.
  Infected hibiscus (aphids, spider mites) growing in a garden plot are best transplanted to another place, treated with the necessary preparations.

How hibiscus overwinters in the garden

We already know that there are a large number of varieties of this beautiful and beloved flower. Many people have an association with the houseplant, or as it is also called: “Chinese rose”. But many species of this plant grow and delight their owners in garden plots, without requiring special attention and worries. But when winter approaches, you need to take care of it, not let it die and preserve it until next spring. Herbaceous, as well as hybrid varieties, are frost-resistant, but they still need shelter, which is a must if we are talking about colder regions, for example, in central Russia.

• Many gardeners dig up hibiscus for the winter, transplant them into large tubs and store them in the basement until spring.
• The plant should be covered no earlier than November, so that it is slightly hardened in the fresh air.
• In areas where there are no frosts of more than -15 C, flower growers make special frames, onto which lutrasil and agrotex are stretched. But this can lead to plant disease, since this material does not release heat.

Among many gardeners and floriculture lovers, it is considered the best shelter for hibiscus spruce branches. A tree or shrub wrapped in spruce branches will overwinter in comfort and be healthy. The lapnik collects snow on itself, and this is the best a cozy house from any frost. The shelter is made in the form of a hut by tying branches and wrapping them with burlap material. During wintering, uninvited guests, such as mice, can sneak into the hut. To avoid this, all kinds of mousetraps are laid around or wheat is poured inside the hut, which is mixed with poison.

Hibiscus at home

• Feeding: begins in March and lasts until September. Feed every seven to eight days. Many people prefer alternation: mineral fertilizers with mullein infusion. Mix the infusion with water in a ratio of 1:10.
• Temperature: the most suitable for hibiscus at home is +24 degrees. In the summer, if your pet is indoors and not outdoors, then be sure to ventilate the room daily, but do not leave the flowerpot in drafts.
• Light. This is a light-loving plant, the ideal place for it is a sunny balcony or a bright window sill. In winter it also needs sunlight.
• Humidity: the air should not be too dry, neither in winter nor in summer. Therefore, it is necessary to spray hibiscus leaves.
• Watering: You need to water the flowerpot if necessary, without allowing the soil in the flowerpot to dry out. Otherwise, this may lead to the falling of leaves and buds, and your flower will not bloom.

Watch a video on how to grow hibiscus at home

Hibiscus species

• Hibiscus, popularly known as "Chinese rose". It has all kinds of tones and shades, with the exception of blue and black, its flowers can be small, no more than 5 cm, or reach almost 30 cm.
• Syrian hibiscus prefers the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine and is found in Western Europe. Doesn't like winter.
• Swamp hibiscus is one of the most common species; its flowers are considered large on average, but no more than 12 cm.
• Red leaf hibiscus. It is distinguished by its red leaves with a purple tint. Sometimes found with green-red leaves. Popularly called “false rose”. It also differs from all hibiscus in its flowering. Blooms with the arrival of autumn. In winter, it is usually transferred to the basement for storage.
• Hibiscus is sour. Gardeners prefer it because it propagates very easily and quickly using seeds.
• Hibiscus arnotti, first appeared in the Hawaiian Islands. It is an evergreen tree that can reach enormous sizes.
• Hawaiian hibiscus. This is the smallest tree or shrub. It can be tiny, 30 cm high, or grow up to 1 meter. Its leaves resemble those of a ficus called Benjamin. The flowers are bright red.

We told you how to care for hibiscus at home, how it overwinters in the garden, what kind of care it requires, and what types of hibiscus there are. Now you can choose the right species for yourself, according to your region, and grow this exotic beauty in your garden or home.

How to grow garden hibiscus: planting seeds, propagation and caring for flowers for the winter

Hibiscus is considered the king of the tropics, unlike perennial verbena. It grows throughout the world, preferring wild tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions.

Hibiscus is a very diverse genus and consists of approximately 220 species of annuals, herbaceous perennials, shrubs, subshrubs and trees. These plants have been bred over several centuries, like their common garden neighbor, the dwarf snapdragon.

The name "Hibiscus" comes from "hibiskos", the old Greek name for marshmallow. Often, garden hibiscus flowers are large, flat, bright and funnel-shaped. They consist of five petals and have very beautiful different colors, ranging from white to pink, red, purple or yellow color. The size of the plant's petals varies from 4 to 15 cm in width.

Plant varieties

1. Ardens is a variety of garden hibiscus. It has beautiful lilac-pink flowers that bloom in early summer. Maintains its shape and does not require pruning. It is considered a perennial plant (from 3 years). In adulthood it reaches more than 3 meters in height.
2. Blue Bird A very popular type of garden hibiscus shrub. It is famous for its rare shade of flowers - clear blue with a red spot in the center. This species is a long-lived shrub and reaches up to 4 meters in height.
3. Antong Two Lil Kim An unusual plant variety that is famous for its bicolor flowers. A miniature shrub reaching only 30 cm in height. It blooms profusely, the flowers are small with three ruffled petals, each white with a red spot. They bloom within one to three days.

Hibiscus flowers Antong Two Lil Kim in the photo

Reproduction

Hibiscus flowers produce pods that contain a seed. When ripe, the pods open and the seeds fall to the ground, where they germinate easily. In order to plant healthy seeds in the right place, you must first collect them, as when planting and caring for ageratum.

1. The ripening of the pods is determined by their brown color.
2. Before harvesting, the bush of the plant must be covered with paper bags or bags. This will prevent the seeds from scattering on the ground after the pods open.
3. Clean the bag periodically.

When purchasing seeds, you need to pay attention to the description and photo of the plant variety.

Planting garden hibiscus seeds :

1. Before sowing, it is necessary to do a test for the viability of the seeds, as when growing perennial morning glory, about planting and caring for which read here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/vertikalnoe-o/ipomei-posadka-i-uxod.html. To do this, you will need to place from 5 to 10 grains in a damp paper towel and seal in a plastic bag.
2. Leave the seeds at room temperature within 5 – 7 days. After a while, remove and check for swelling or root formation. If such signs are present, the seeds are viable.
3. Fill the planting tray with a moistened organic mixture.
4. Sow the seeds at a distance of 0.5 cm from each other, lightly sprinkle with soil on top. Water generously from a watering can.
5. Keep the pot in a warm, sunny place. Don't let the soil dry out. Complete germination occurs in two to three weeks.

It is important to note that when propagated by seeds, plants are particularly resistant to weather conditions and other stressful conditions. But at the same time they can lose their varietal qualities.

Photos of cuttings of a tree variety

One of the types of propagation of garden hibiscus is propagation by cuttings. It is often carried out in early summer or late autumn.

• Select a peg from the top of the bush and use pruning shears to cut it obliquely. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting, but leave a few on the top. Before planting, place the pagon in water.
• Fill a quart tray with quality soil and water until there are no dry gaps. Make a hole in the center of the pot into which the cutting will be planted.
• Place ½ teaspoon of powdered growth accelerator into the hole. Lower the cutting into the prepared recess 3 - 5 cm deep. Sprinkle with soil and press to remove air, water.
• Using a frame and film, create around the cutting small greenhouse. Keep at room temperature in a brightly lit area. In this case, you should avoid direct sunlight, as the plant can get burned.
• Root development is observed after 3 weeks, as when planting and caring for daylily flowers. It is very simple to check their appearance - you need to pull on the leaves; if the cutting is rooted, it will be firmly gray in the soil.

Dividing the bush

• Reproduction by dividing the bush is carried out mainly by complex hybrid plants. And it consists of dividing the rhizomes, and only large, heavily overgrown shrubs are selected.
• Held in spring period. To do this, the bush is completely dug up and divided into several parts, depending on the number of stems and buds.
• It is allowed to tear the roots by hand, as well as use pruners.
• After planting, all plants must be fertilized and watered abundantly, as when planting and caring for heather, a photo of which can be viewed here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/derevo-i-kust/veresk-posadka-i-uxod. html.

This propagation method is convenient in the case of maintaining varietal purity.

Selection of location and soil

All types of garden hibiscus Grows best in partial shade. In this case, the plant needs about 6 hours of sun per day.

1. Choice the right soil will create favorable conditions for plant growth and development.
2. Proper soil should consist of 5% perlite, 50% peat and 45% bark hard rocks tree.
3. For good growth The plant's pH level should be in the range of 5.5 to 6.5. This pH range makes the soil slightly acidic.
4. The plant feels best in soil with high content organic substances.
5. Garden hibiscus prefers good soil drainage. The soil should not remain wet for a long time, as this can lead to rotting of the roots and slower growth.

Planting technology

Before planting the plant in the ground, it is important to prepare the planting hole.

• Check drainage. Initially, you need to make sure that the soil has good drainage. This can be done by pouring a gallon of water into the hole. If the water disappears within an hour, the drainage is quite good. If after an hour the water remains, then by planting the plant in such soil, there will be a high risk of flooding its roots.

Once drainage has been established, plant the seedlings quite deeply, covering the roots with a few centimeters of soil.

Hibiscus care

Hibiscus is a water-loving plant. It has many large leaves and large, sloping flowers that will require a lot of moisture.

Watering hibiscus can be divided into two zones - in cold weather and in hot weather. In hot weather, hibiscus will require a lot of water and usually prefer a steady supply. In this case, it is necessary to avoid flooding of the roots, as well as stagnation of water for a long time.

If there is not enough water in hot weather, the leaves will wilt. To avoid this, the plant needs frequent and abundant watering during drought. In cold and wet conditions, the plant is susceptible to fungal root diseases. You can avoid this problem by limiting watering the plant. During this period, dry land is preferable to overflow and stagnation of water. Because this is one of the few signs that cause frequent plant death.

As for the quality of water, hibiscus is not very picky and will tolerate even tap water, if its pH (acidity) varies in the range from 5.0 to 7.0.

Tree hibiscus, unlike herbaceous hibiscus, requires regular pruning.

Pruning helps stimulate new growth and also rejuvenates and awakens the plant from its winter slumber.

• Often, hibiscus is pruned back a bit in late summer and early fall. However, you should not prune the plant in late autumn or winter, as this can provoke early formation and death of buds.
• Immediately before the procedure itself, you should make sure that the pruners are sharp and clean. It is also advisable to sterilize them with alcohol gels. This will prevent the possibility of infectious infection of the plant branches.
• The branches are cut just above the nodes. Weak, diseased or dead shoots are removed.

In order to maintain the growth, healthy and beautiful color of the plant, it must be fed. At the same time, the bush needs large quantities nutrients.

What does hibiscus need?

• Lots of potassium. It is essential to support garden hibiscus with potassium, especially during flowering periods. It neutralizes various stressful situations to which the plant may be subjected. Helps in the process of photosynthesis and planting.
• Phosphorus limitation. Hibiscus does not tolerate phosphorus very well in large doses. Namely, with prolonged and abundant use of it in fertilizers, the roots of the plant block the supply of phosphorus, and with it other useful minerals and nutrients. As a result, the plant slowly and painfully dies from starvation.
• Moderate amount of nitrogen. All living cells use nitrogen, and all plants need large amounts of it. Nitrogen is used by plants for the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and other metabolic processes. Excessive amounts of it can “burn” the leaves, turning their edges into dry, dark brown streaks. A deficiency leads to slower growth of the plant.

In the summer, it is best to use high-calorie fertilizers. Can be watered diluted liquid fertilizers once a week, slow release once a month or add potassium compost to the soil. In winter, you should completely stop feeding the plant.

Pests and their control

Rich and bright colors make hibiscus attractive to many insects, including pests. They pierce the leaves and suck the juice from them, sometimes spreading viral infections. They also lay eggs in the buds, as a result of which they fall off before opening.

Signs of a pest:

• Spider mite- affects leaves, creating unsightly yellow spots on them.
• Thrips- the buds of the affected plant lose their color and fall off, this is due to the fact that the pests lay eggs in the buds.
• Gall midges- the disease leads to yellowing and falling of the buds.
• Whiteflies- creates chaotic white spots on the leaves, and is also marked by the presence of white flies. As a result, the plant acquires an unpleasant appearance and gradually dies.

To prepare garden hibiscus for winter, you need to consider and complete several steps:

1. Proper pruning. Garden hibiscus should be pruned for the winter or just at the beginning of spring. Thanks to this pruning, the plant will produce new branches in time, without losing strength on the old ones.
2. Watering. Before the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to irrigate the plant generously once. But in no case should you water during frosts, as there is a high probability of an ice crust forming on the roots.
3. Hilling. A couple of days after watering, the bush needs to be hilled.
4. Shelter. In the second half of November, when the temperature reaches below 5 degrees, the plant will need to be insulated for the winter. To do this, you can use the mulching procedure or cover the bush with dry sawdust. At the same time, young bushes will need stronger protection from frost - they can be covered with film or a bag, pressing them on the sides with something heavy.

The best time to transplant hibiscus is the same as when planting and caring for irises, photos of which are shown in the article. - after the inflorescences wither. Often this period falls at the end of August or September.

• To replant, you should dig up the bush and carefully move it to a new planting site. In this case, you need to make sure that the root ball is not damaged.
• Place the bush in the dug hole and cover it with soil. Press down to remove any air pockets.
• After transplanting, the hibiscus bush will need a lot of moisture for four to six weeks. So you will have to water every two to three days, provided there is no rain.

Photo of garden hibiscus grown from seeds

Hardy and prolific garden hibiscus does not require much attention and care, but at the same time it always decorates any area with its beautiful flowers.

All that needs to be done is to acquire several additional plants in order to compensate for the barren period of one flower with another. But in any case, this plant is universal. Easy care and extraordinary flowers make it one of the most beautiful bushes, which can be placed in the garden or yard.

Beautiful exotic hibiscus flowers can be found in any homestead and garden plot in the south of Russia. This favorite plant many gardeners in the middle zone, thanks to the emerging hybrid varieties. But how to cover garden hibiscus for the winter to preserve it? exotic plant from frost?

Even in regions with long, cold winters, gardeners manage to adapt this originally tropical plant to their conditions.

In areas with frosty winters, where the thermometer drops below -20˚C, gardeners dig up plants with a clod of earth and send them to the basement or other place with more favorable conditions for wintering.

In dachas and garden plots in central Russia, garden hibiscus winters safely and blooms profusely. It is represented by herbaceous species and shrubs.

Herbaceous hibiscus are hybrid varieties. These are tall perennials with the aboveground part dying off in the winter. The rhizome is powerful, potato-shaped.

Hybrid varieties of hibiscus easily tolerate winters in temperate climates and do not require shelter.

In autumn, with the onset of cold weather, the plant withers; all the juices go to the roots. When the stems die completely, it is necessary to prune. It must be remembered that damage to the roots will lead to the death of the plant.

Therefore, pruning should be done to a height of 15-20 cm and sprinkled with fallen leaves.

In spring, hibiscus wake up late and use the remains of stems to determine their location. A layer of mulch and fertilizing complex fertilizers will ensure a successful winter for the plants.

In areas with severe frosts and variable snow cover experienced gardeners They cover their hibiscus with a heap of fallen leaves or a layer of sawdust. These heaps are additionally covered with spruce branches, burlap or other material.

In the spring, after the soil thaws, this is all removed. Preparing herbaceous hibiscus for winter will not cause much trouble for the gardener.

Will be sufficient:

• trim dried stems;
• apply fertilizers;
• provide cumulative irrigation;
• cover with mulch or cover more thoroughly.

The most common shrub is the Syrian hibiscus. This deciduous plant can also be grown as a standard tree.

Tree-like plants of non-double varieties are unpretentious and can withstand short frosts down to – 17˚C.

Terry varieties are more finicky and require shelter for the winter.

Before the first frost occurs, the plants are pruned.

1. The branches of the bush should be shortened by only 1/3. Formative pruning is done in the spring.
2. In order for new growth to form, it is necessary to pinch the side branches. Next year flower buds will appear on it.
3. All seed pods are cut off.

Don’t forget about cumulative watering and fertilizing.

Lush flowering of hibiscus requires fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. In the fall, for a comfortable winter, it is necessary to apply 10-15 g of potassium fertilizer and 25-30 g of superphosphate to each bush. A few days later the bushes are hilled.

At the end of November, hibiscus plants are insulated by making a mound around the bushes from sawdust and fallen dry leaves. A height of 15-20 cm will be enough to protect the plant from frost.

When to prepare

In different climatic zones Gardeners have their own work calendar.

Thanks to the emerging hybrid varieties, hibiscus decorates garden plots and Siberian gardeners.

It is important to prepare the plants before frost sets in. The signal to begin preparing herbaceous hibiscus for winter is the completely wilted stems of the above-ground part of the plant.

Tree hibiscus varieties are ready for pruning when the seed pods become dry.

How to cover hibiscus

Young plants of tree-like hibiscus varieties should overwinter under cover, since frost resistance increases as they grow. How to preserve this plant in winter?

One of the ways will create comfortable conditions for them during cold weather.

1. The bush is bent to the ground and covered with synthetic insulating material. Additionally, polyethylene film is used.
2. The plant is enclosed with a frame, which is covered with insulating material.

Tree varieties of hibiscus cannot withstand prolonged frosts below – 17˚C. They are sheltered for the winter.

Gardeners mainly use two methods on their plots:

• covering with spruce branches or stalks of corn and other plants;
• They enclose the bush with a frame and wrap it in several layers of synthetic non-woven insulation.

The spruce branches are laid around the bush in the form of a hut in several layers. Under the fallen snow, this option will be a reliable shelter from frost.

The process of covering the stems of other plants is performed in a vertical position. At the top and at the very bottom the material is tied in a bundle. The result is a structure in the form of a sheaf. This is how the plant is saved from frost.

The second method involves installing a frame made of wooden blocks. The finished structure is covered with several layers of non-woven insulation. With the arrival of spring, when the threat of frost has passed, the bush is freed from insulation.

Garden hibiscus love sunny and sheltered areas. They bloom profusely and create a mood for their owners and their guests. Timely preparation for winter, which does not take much time, will save your favorite plant from frost.

Syrian hibiscus – frost-resistant perennial. It can be grown in regions where the air temperature in winter drops to -20 ° C, but for this, garden hibiscus needs to create comfortable conditions:

• choose the right landing site;
• regularly carry out formative pruning and fertilizing;
• near a bush in autumn.

In the southern regions, where the air temperature does not drop below -15 °C in winter, no measures need to be taken.

Choosing the right landing site

In order for the Syrian hibiscus to bloom profusely, it needs to be planted in a place well lit by the sun. Direct sunlight should hit the hibiscus for 10 hours a day. The root system of the Syrian tree hibiscus will tolerate winter frosts well if the soil warms up well in the summer.

Too close groundwater to the soil surface or constant stagnation of water negatively affects the frost resistance of Syrian hibiscus. Therefore this garden plant planted on artificial hills or alpine roller coaster. In order to retain moisture and further protect the hibiscus from cold northern winds, low-growing shrubs with a powerful root system are planted near it.

If no other shrubs are planted near the Syrian hibiscus, then the young plant must be dug up for the winter. The hibiscus is carefully transplanted into a pot and transferred to warm room. If the hibiscus is covered with other shrubs, then in the fall you can not dig it up, but simply mulch it.

Mulching

In autumn, Syrian hibiscus is mulched with garden perlite. This material retains fungal spores well, and the bush will be less susceptible to dangerous diseases. Before mulching, you need to loosen the soil to ensure air access to the roots. You can also use rotted cow manure for mulching.

Trimming

Before covering the hibiscus with agrofibre, it is necessary to trim it. Each shoot is cut to 10 cm. All seed pods are removed. Pinch out the side branches so that the garden hibiscus forms new growth in the spring. The next year the growth will become woody and throw out flower buds.

Do not confuse pre-winter pruning with the formation of a hibiscus crown.

Formative pruning of hibiscus is carried out in the summer. Under no circumstances should you form a bush at the beginning of autumn, so as not to weaken it before frost. To make it easier for hibiscus to withstand winter frosts, add phosphorus or complex mineral fertilizers to the soil.

The plant belongs to the mallow family and is represented by a huge variety of species (about 300). Natural habitat is the tropical zone of America, Africa and Asia. In nature, the genus Hibiscus occurs in the form of shrubs and trees. Some subspecies are perennial or annual herbs.

Hibiscus classification

From a cultivation point of view, two groups are considered:

• indoor plants - a prominent representative is the Chinese rose;
• garden forms - the most common is the Syrian hibiscus.

Hibiscus found in the wild in temperate climates are:

• trifoliate (northern) - a herbaceous annual whose leaves are used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of diaphoretics;
• hemp (kenaf) - grown as an agricultural crop for the production of fiber and technical oils.

Hybrid forms attract large petals and variety of colors. Flowers are used to prepare drinks with a pronounced antispasmodic effect. Hibiscus tea has amazing properties- a hot drink increases blood pressure, a cold drink has antihypertensive properties.

Garden forms of hibiscus

In the territory of the former USSR, only two types of hibiscus are common in nature:

• Hibiscus syriacus (Syrian) - southern slope of the Greater Caucasus Range;
• Hibiscus trionum (northern, trifoliate) - Far East RF, Crimea.

Wintering species such as Syrian or tree hibiscus are suitable for growing in garden conditions.

The coat of arms of Korea depicts a beautiful flower - a hibiscus (mugunghwa), which is a symbol of the state. Graceful plant sung in a hymn - in poetic form, Koreans thank the magic flower for giving the country of rivers and mountains pristine beauty.

Hibiscus tree or Syrian

Tree hibiscus blooms for six months or more, but each flower lasts only a day (hybrid species - 2-3 days). New buds immediately bloom to replace the withered petals. The plant blooms in early July and renews its flower stalks until mid-autumn.

From a botanical point of view, the Syrian rose is a deciduous shrub. In the temperate climate of the middle zone, the height of the bush does not exceed 2 m, although in natural conditions tree-like forms reach 5 m. Large (up to 10 cm) oval or ovoid leaves have a bright green color. The flowers are arranged singly, very large, reaching up to 27-30 cm in diameter. Double or simple inflorescences cover almost the entire spectrum of shades, and can be two- or three-colored.

Planting and growing garden forms

Tree hibiscus can be propagated by any means - from sowing seeds to directly dividing the bush. When starting to get acquainted with the plant, purchase ready-made seedlings from a well-established nursery. This way you will protect yourself from the negative consequences associated with possible diseases and the presence of pest larvae.

Planting hibiscus by dividing the bush

• choose a bright, draft-free place;
• use well-loosened fertile soil;
• At the bottom of the pit, lay drainage at least 10 cm thick (sand, washed crushed stone, gravel);
• straighten the roots and fill the hole with soil so that the root collar is at soil level.

To prevent aphids, plant lavender bushes near the hibiscus.

The plant is moisture-loving, but it cannot be flooded. Ample weekly watering is recommended, and in dry weather - 2-3 times a week.

Growing hibiscus from seeds

From seeds you can also grow a full-fledged specimen of the tree-like form of the Asian beauty, but you should prepare for the fact that this process will take a lot of time. Seeds are sown in winter - in January-February:

• prepare a bowl with peat-sand soil mixture;
• pre-soak the seeds in any stimulant for a day;
• Cover the container with polyethylene or glass.

Seed the seeds to a depth of 0.7-1 cm. The first shoots appear in 2-3 weeks, subject to temperature regime(+25-27°C), regular ventilation and humidification. As soon as the first pair of true leaves appear, transplant the seedlings into separate pots.

In May, transfer the seedlings to the ground. In warm climates, hibiscus obtained from seeds can begin flowering 2-3 years after planting, in temperate climates - 3-4 years.

Propagation by seeds has its positive and negative sides. A plant grown from seeds has stable reactions to sudden weather fluctuations and is immune to disease. Varietal characteristics are at risk - the new plant most often will not have complete resemblance to the ancestor.

Hibiscus cuttings

Cuttings - simple and inexpensive way reproduction. Hibiscus grown from green cuttings fully matches the hybrid form of the donor.

In the spring (during the formation of buds) or at the end of September (when the growth of annual shoots ends), cuttings up to 15-20 cm long are cut.

4-6 buds are left at the bottom and the sprout is placed in a mixture of peat and sand (the ratio is equal). Root formation lasts about 3 weeks, then the plant is planted in a pot.

It is better for a young seedling to overwinter the first year in a warm room, especially if it is an autumn cutting. Hibiscus are transplanted to a permanent location in the spring. Over the summer, the new resident of your garden will gain strength and will be able to spend the winter comfortably.

How garden hibiscus overwinters

How to insulate hibiscus for the winter:

• after flowering, prune the plant;
• water generously at the root;
• after a week, cover the bush with light turf soil with added sand;
• With the onset of the first frosts, insulate completely.

We insulate hibiscus plantings before winter

Insulation is carried out in several ways:

1. Young plants are bent to the ground, sprinkled with sawdust, leaves or special covering material. A plastic film is laid on top, which is pressed to the ground with pegs or stones.
2. Standard forms remain in a vertical position. A wooden or wire frame is installed around the tree and wrapped with covering material. Spruce branches or straw are tied on top of the shelter.

In winter, rodents love to climb into such warm houses. To prevent damage to the plant, place ears of grain soaked in poison inside the hut, or place mousetraps.

Galina Yurchenko, expert

During the winter, carefully monitor temperature fluctuations - during early spring thaws, hibiscus must be ventilated.

Reanimation of hibiscus in spring

The plant has a hard time coming out after wintering, but there is one secret that will help quickly bring it back to life:

• in the first warm days, remove the insulation from the hibiscus and cover the flower with a light greenhouse;
• in the middle of the day, ventilate the bush for 15 minutes at intervals of 1-2 hours;
• remove the film gradually as the shoots grow.

In two to three weeks, your Hawaiian beauty will gain strength and reward you with lush blooms.

Pruning and shaping hibiscus

There is a point of view according to which it is not recommended to prune hibiscus in the first years after planting. This is incorrect because flowers appear only on young shoots. The more often old branches are removed, the more the bush gives to young shoots. To enhance flowering, make regular annual pruning before the start of sap flow.

Decorative pruning is carried out with the aim of forming a bush. In the photo, the hibiscus flower looks like a small multi-colored tree. The procedure for forming a braided stem:

• plant three varieties of plants in one pot;
• when the seedlings take root, intertwine the shoots with a pigtail;
• secure the weave with a bandage or fabric strips in several places;
• continue weaving to the desired height.

Syrian tree hibiscus is widely used in the design of personal plots. Shrubs are planted in tapeworms or in groups, next to bright annuals or against the backdrop of an emerald lawn.

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