The action is rough, or stellate(Deutzia scabra)
Genus of perennial woody plants of the Hydrangea family (Hydran-geaceae).
Action rough Plena (Capture)- decorative, high, Beautiful- flowering shrub with a dense crown formed by numerous straight shoots, hanging slightly at the ends under the weight of inflorescences.
It reaches a height of 3 meters, a width of up to 2 m. Annual growth is 30-40 cm in height, 20-30 cm in width.
The leaves are rough, completely covered with small villi, elliptical, pointed at the top, the top of the leaf is dark green, the bottom is gray-green, 3-8 cm long.
The flowers are double, snow-white inside and pale pink outside, collected in narrow paniculate inflorescences, up to 10-12 cm long. It blooms later than the rest of the action, in July.
Action rough Plena (Capture)
Deytion prefers nutritious, medium-moist soil. Composition: humus, peat compost, sand (2:1:2), with the addition of lime.
Actions are photophilous, drought-resistant.
It is used for single and group plantings, creating edges. First introduced into culture in 1822.
Under the weight of snow-white terry inflorescences, the shoots bend in an arcuate manner, giving the bush a spectacular look.
Insufficiently winter-hardy, it can freeze to the level of snow, although one of the most winter-hardy among deytsy.
Nevertheless, planting in places protected from the wind and shelter for the winter is preferable, especially for young plants.
Thinning and rejuvenation as the bushes age. Strong pruning involves cutting "on the stump".
To give the bush a beautiful shape, faded branches are cut to the first strong new shoot or to the base. In early June, shoots frozen in winter are pruned.
In hedges, deytsii do not cut!
For the winter, light shelter with a dry leaf, a layer of 10-20 cm, bending down the branches, hilling them with earth, snow. Bending down young plants no higher than one meter to the ground does not cause difficulties: such bushes bend easily.
But, large plants under 2 meters high look especially impressive. In such actions, the shoots are tubular-hollow, they break easily, so bending down the bushes and covering them with spruce branches and dry leaves is very difficult.
In late autumn, you need to tightly tie the bushes with any breathable material. It is assumed that during severe frosts, the shoots of action do not freeze out so much as dry up. With such a simple and not very the hard way shelters manage to almost completely preserve the bushes from freezing even in winter with temperatures of -30 ° C. Practice shows that shoots do not sprout with such shelter.
Landing: Sowing is carried out in the spring without pre-treatment of seeds. It is enough to press the seeds firmly to the ground when sowing and do not close them.
Shoots will appear in three weeks. Seed germination lasts one to three years.
Annual seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures and require mandatory shelter. Given their low winter hardiness, picking is carried out in the spring. At favorable conditions seedlings will bloom in the third year.
Deutsia is a flowering ornamental shrub from the Hydrangea family. In nature, it can be found in Mexico, as well as in Japan and China. Plants with a slender vertical or more spreading crown effectively green the area. In spring and summer, they are covered with flowers for a long time, for which the action was called "oriental beauty." Deytion is great for single plantings in the garden, creating a hedge or decorating a recreation area near gazebos and benches. Caring for a plant is not difficult at all. With minimal effort, it pleases with lush vegetation and delicate flowers, therefore it is a welcome acquisition for many gardeners.
plant description
Deutsia is a perennial deciduous shrub that is 0.5-4 m high. Its life span is about 25 years and the shoots add up to 25 cm in length every year. Lateral processes are formed from the earth itself. The plant prefers to live on moist soils among forest glades or on the slopes of low hills.
Rhizome action mixed type. It combines 1-2 long rod processes, which are surrounded by fibrous roots in the upper part. The branched stems are covered with smooth dark brown bark. On old branches, the thin bark peels off in plates, which, like tatters, hang from the branches. This is not a sign of any disease. The branches are hollow inside, so they do not have strength and easily break from the load.
The shoots are covered with opposite petiolate oval or ovoid leaves. A smooth, rigid leaf plate of bright green color has a slightly pronounced relief pattern of veins and serrated edges. Leaves turn yellowish-brown in autumn.
In late spring, lush racemose inflorescences bloom on the shoots of last year. They consist of small bisexual flowers 1-2 cm in diameter. Each corolla has a double perianth and 5 oblong, pointed petals. The core consists of long stamens and an ovary. There are varieties with simple and double flowers. Their petals are painted in white, pink, purple or crimson. Some flowers are double colored with a contrasting center.
Flowering lasts up to two months, it is accompanied by an almost imperceptible pleasant aroma. Over time, in place of pollinated flowers, spherical seed pods ripen. When ripe, they crack on their own and release the smallest seeds. Some decorative varieties sterile and may not set fruit.
Species diversity
According to the international classification, the genus of action includes 72 species. Some of the species are especially popular.
Spreading shrub up to 2.5 m tall grows thin branches that tend to the ground. The old bark peels off on them. The shoots are covered with petiolate oval leaves with a thin elongated ending. The size of the foliage is 3-8 cm, sparse short hairs are located on its surface. The plant blooms by mid-June with small white flowers collected in loose brushes up to 12 cm long. Varieties:
- Terry - blooms beautiful terry flowers of double color, the outer bracts have a pink tint, and inside there are snow-white petals;
- Vaterera - double flowers outside are painted carmine, and inside they are white;
- White-dotted - dark green leaves are covered with small white spots.
Plants live on the mountain slopes of Japan. A shrub 50-150 cm high has a rounded crown with thin, arched branches. The pointed oblong leaves are painted in light green color. Their length is 6 cm. At the end of July, the bush is abundantly covered with simple flowers, collected in numerous brushes 9-15 cm long. Flowering lasts more than a month.
This group of plants combines intraspecific hybrids. The most interesting of them:
- Strawberry Field ( Strawberry Fields). Spreading shrub up to 1.5 m high is covered with pointed dark green leaves. Large pink flowers bloom in June-July.
- Action is great. A slender plant up to 2.5 m high consists of slightly branched shoots covered with red or dark brown bark. Large double flowers bloom over elongated dark green leaves in July. white color. They are collected in paniculate inflorescences up to 10 cm long.
- Action pink. A tall spreading shrub up to 2.5 m in height is densely covered with dark green broad-oval leaves, which turn yellow-red in autumn. In June-July, pink double flowers bloom.
- Pink Pom Pom. A low, but very sprawling shrub with branches bent to the ground throughout the summer is abundantly covered with large white-pink flowers. They look like wide bells. Under the flowers is a dark green rough foliage oval or elongated.
Reproduction methods
The action is propagated by seeds and vegetatively. Seeds are sown before winter immediately in open ground. In the spring, the first shoots appear. Care for them is the same as for an adult plant. For the winter, it is necessary to cover the seedlings more carefully. nonwoven fabric and spruce branches, as they are very sensitive to frost. Action blooms 3 years after sowing. The method is not so popular, because many ornamental varieties do not produce viable seeds.
Most often, the action is propagated by cuttings. Green cuttings 20-25 cm long are cut in early June. Immediately after cutting, the lower leaves are removed and the shoots are kept in the Kornevin solution. Landing is carried out in containers with sandy-peat soil mixed with humus. It is moistened and deepened by branches at an angle of 5-10 mm. Landings are covered with a transparent cap and exposed to the street. As they take root, the shelters are removed, but for the winter the plants are brought into a greenhouse to protect them from frost. For next spring, they plan to transplant into open ground.
When propagated by lignified cuttings, branches 15-20 cm long are cut at the end of autumn. They are tied into small bundles, sprinkled with sand and stored in a cold greenhouse until spring. In March-April, the cuttings are planted in open ground at an angle and covered with foil. When the roots appear and the buds begin to bloom, the shelter is removed.
You can use the withdrawal method. Bending the lower shoots to the ground, sprinkle them with soil. To make the roots form sooner, you can put a few scratches on the bark. The following spring, rooted cuttings are cut off from mother plant and transplanted to permanent place.
Landing and care
Deytion is planted in open ground from April to June. For her, well-lit places are selected without strong gusts of wind. Bushes are afraid of drafts. It is good if a shadow falls on the bush at noon. The soil should be nutritious and well-drained, but not too dry. Before planting, the earth is dug up and peat, compost and humus are introduced. Sand is added to too heavy, clayey soils. Acidity should be neutral or slightly acidic; slaked lime is added to acidic soils.
A planting hole is dug in proportion to the rhizome of the seedling. Its approximate depth is about 50 cm. Crushed stone and sand are poured into the bottom. Straighten the roots and fill the free space with soil mixture. The root neck should remain on the surface. For group plantings, the distance between plants should be 2.5 m. The same amount should remain before any building. After planting, the soil is compacted and watered. It is better to immediately mulch the surface with peat.
Watering. Young plants need regular watering. As it grows, drought tolerance increases. In the absence of precipitation, a bucket of water is poured weekly under the bush. After watering, it is recommended to loosen the soil. Since autumn, irrigation is reduced, preparing plants for wintering.
Fertilizer. In the spring, a solution of compost, ash and rotted manure is added under each bush. During the flowering period, fertilizer is produced twice more with a mineral complex. Later fertilizers are not needed.
Pruning. To give the bush a shape, pruning is carried out. The plant tolerates this procedure very well. In the spring, frozen and dry branches are removed. Remove up to 25% vegetation. When flowering is over, you can remove some of the young shoots and old branches for thinning. In autumn, molding pruning is carried out due to young shoots. If you remove last year's branches, you can lose flowering next year.
Rejuvenation. Old dense bushes can be completely rejuvenated every 5-8 years. To do this, cut off all the ground parts in the fall, leaving only small stumps. In May, young shoots will appear, the development of which also needs to be controlled. Flowering after rejuvenation occurs in 2-3 years.
Wintering. Deitia prefers warm winters and can withstand only slight frosts. If the temperature drops to -20°C, the entire shoot may freeze. Low bushes try to bend down more strongly in the ground, cover with non-woven material, spruce branches and dry foliage. After they are spudded to a height of 15-20 cm. As snow falls, it is thrown on top of the bush. Such a cover serves as an excellent protection against frost. Old stiff branches are easy to break, so they are tied vertically and propped up. From above, the plant is covered with lutrasil. In April, when the frost subsides, the shelter can be removed and the snow scattered further from the trunk so that the bushes do not rot when flooded.
Action in the garden
Beautiful cascading thickets, abundantly covered with white and pink flowers, are used in single plantings or in groups - in the form of hedges. Dwarf varieties suitable for mixborders and alpine slides. Tall, spreading bushes are planted near arbors or near the house as a spectacular solo plant. Action goes well with evergreen shrubs and coniferous plants(rhododendron, terry kerria).
During the flowering of the action, rarely anyone will not pay attention to it. And many gardeners want to have such flowering splendor on their plots. But this plant is southern, and many are interested in how to plant, grow and care for the action in the Moscow region. You will find answers to these questions in our article.
Deytsia - Asian beauty
Deytion belongs to the genus of perennial woody deciduous or evergreen plants of the Hydrangea family (see information on growing hydrangeas). In the wild, action is common in East Asia, Mexico, the Himalayas. On the territory of Russia, some types of action can be found on Far East.
Charming action came to our gardens from the east
In Europe, this plant became known thanks to the famous Swedish botanist Karl Thunberg, who, during his botanical research at the end of the 18th century, first saw the action in Japan and was fascinated by its beautiful flowering. The biologist named the plant in honor of the philanthropist Johann van Dyck, a Dutch merchant and mayor of Amsterdam, in gratitude for the fact that he financed a marine botanical expedition to East Asia.
Already since the end of the 19th century, when Dutch merchants brought Japanese and Himalayan types of action, these beautifully flowering shrubs have become the subject of admiration for European gardeners. And at the end of the century, plants brought from Chinese lands appeared in the gardens.
Description and types
Action bushes, evergreen or deciduous, are upright or sprawling. Plant height, depending on the species, varies from 0.4 to 4 m. The leaves are simple opposite. In early spring, the shrub is beautiful with its fresh greenery, but the true beauty of the action is revealed during flowering, when exquisite white, purple or pink flowers, collected in apical racemose inflorescences, abundantly cover the bush. Unfortunately, the flowers are odorless.
There are many varieties of action, which differ in the height of the bush, the shape and shade of flowers and leaves.
shrub at good care lives up to 25 years.
In nature, about 70 types of action are known, which differ in the height of the shrub, size, color and shape of the flowers. To decorate gardens and parks, there are many beautiful decorative hybrid varieties plants obtained by crossing "wild" species. But in the conditions of central Russia, not all of them can endure enough harsh winters. Therefore, for landing in the Moscow region, you need to choose winter-hardy varieties or hybrids that are distinguished by endurance, and will be able to winter with little shelter, and in the spring again please with beautiful flowering.
The most popular types of action for the middle band
Action Amur (small-flowered)
In the natural environment, this shrub grows in the Far East in China and North Korea. Habitats - oak and coniferous-broad-leaved forests. In Russia, the Amur action is protected in the Far Eastern nature reserves.
Amur deytion is a sprawling shrub reaching 2 m in height.
Deutsia Amur
The bark on young shoots is brown, but becomes gray over the years. It has elliptical, finely serrated leaves, lowered and pointed at the ends, 5-6 cm long. In spring and summer, the color of the leaves is bright or grayish-green, and in autumn it changes to brown-yellow. The shrub sheds its leaves in winter.
The flowers are medium-sized white, collected in corymbose inflorescences with a diameter of 6-7 cm. The bush blooms at 2-3 years of age and beautiful inflorescences, generously strewn with branches, delight the eye for almost 2 months: from May to early June. By autumn, fruits ripen from flowers - spherical boxes of dark yellow color with small seeds.
Action graceful (slender)
The most spectacular of the plant species introduced into the culture. It is a bush of a rounded shape, up to one and a half meters in height. The branches are decorated with light green oblong lanceolate leaves, covered with sparse hairs on top. By autumn, the leaves turn beautifully yellow, and fall off by winter.
Action graceful
The graceful action blooms very beautifully. Since the end of May, its branches have been literally covered with multi-flowered snow-white erect paniculate inflorescences, the length of which is 10 cm. This species can endure the winter quite well, but it must be covered, and the best cover there will be a snow blanket for her.
Deutzia Lemoine
This is a wonderful winter-hardy hybrid of Amur deutsia and graceful deutsia. It is a bush up to 2 m in height. Blooms early and profusely. Bushes with paniculate inflorescences 9-10 cm long, collected from numerous white small (up to 2 cm) flowers, look very impressive and rich.
Deutzia Lemoine
Action purple
Shrub 0.6-2m high with thin broadly lanceolate green leaves up to 5 cm long, very beautiful during flowering - from early June to July.
Flowers, up to 2 cm in diameter, come in all shades of pink and purple, 6-12 pieces are collected in inflorescences-baskets.
Action purple
Deutsia purple is a very spectacular and picturesque shrub, and although in the conditions of the Moscow Region it is poorly adapted to a frosty winter and for its safety you need to tinker, sheltering it from the cold, but it's worth it - next year it will thank you for your care and again give beautiful flowers.
Landing: where, when and how to plant action
Deytion is a light-loving shrub, but does not tolerate direct sun rays and drafts, so it is better to plant it in partial shade of crowns big trees and sheltered from the wind. Also, the bushes need space, which means that at a distance of about 2 m around it there should not be the nearest tree or building.
For good growth and development of shrubs, soil is needed that meets certain requirements, namely:
- nutritious;
- slightly hydrated;
- with slightly alkaline reaction;
- well drained;
- loose.
A good place for the action would be a plot in the shade of the house
If the soil on the site does not meet the requirements, then when planting, the pit should be filled with the following composition: humus, sand, peat compost, taken in the ratio: 2:2:1. If the soil on the site has an acidic reaction, before planting in the pit, you need to add slaked lime, about 300-350 g.
It is best to plant the action in the spring, as over the summer it will take root well and get stronger before the winter cold. Landing time in the Moscow region must be chosen according to the weather. The soil should already be thawed, but the buds on the trees have not yet had time to blossom. Seedlings with closed roots (in containers with soil) can be planted until early June.
Advice! For better growth and the development of the bush, it is desirable after planting to shorten each shoot of the seedling to 4-5 buds.
Now the main thing: how to plant a shrub:
Mulching the soil around the bush
- Dig a hole about 50 cm deep.
- Put a layer of drainage on the bottom - fine gravel, sand, broken brick.
- Lightly sprinkle the drainage with the soil mixture described above, after adding 100 g of nitrophoska to it.
- Lower the roots of the seedling into the hole, so that its root collar is at the level of the ground surface, or 1-2 cm underground.
- Fill the seedling with earth (or soil mixture), tamp the soil and water.
- Mulch the area around the seedling with a 4-5 cm layer of peat.
Advice! This fit is ideal but, again, optional. If the soil meets the requirements, then points 1,2,3 can be omitted. And, having dug a hole, immediately proceed to step 4.
Action - care, feeding and watering
It is very easy to take care of the action.
The bush does not need frequent watering. For an adult plant, it is enough if it is watered once a week with a bucket of water. On hot days, you can water twice a week, using one bucket of water at a time. From the second half of August, watering can be stopped altogether. After watering, it is advisable to loosen the moistened soil, simultaneously removing weeds.
It is not necessary to water the action often
Once a month, the plant needs to be fertilized with liquid manure. To do this, 3 liters of manure is diluted in water for irrigation and this dose must be applied under each bush.
A couple of times during the season, it is advisable to revive the action with a complex of mineral fertilizers - 130-150 g for each bush.
Attention! Top dressing should be applied only during flowering.
Another very important procedure for caring for the action is pruning the bush. It should be carried out twice a year - in spring and autumn.
Pruning a deytion bush
- In the spring, after examining the bush after wintering, damaged and dead branches should be removed. If the shoots are poorly preserved, but the root system is “alive”, then the branches are cut off completely, leaving small stumps. In the same way, pruning is done in order to rejuvenate the shrub.
- In autumn, after flowering, the branches on which there were flowers should be cut to the first strong bud. You also need to cut off old and strongly interfering branches. And also "ennoble" the shape of the bush.
Preparing the action bush for wintering
Most types of action do not tolerate frost well. Therefore, touching on the topic “action - landing and leaving in the suburbs”, one cannot ignore such an important issue as preparing for winter.
Since the flowers of the plant appear on the shoots of last year, for beautiful flowering they need to be protected from frost, and cold winters in the Moscow region require that the plant be securely covered: snow alone is not enough.
Winter shelter for action
For young bushes, you can use the method of air-dry shelter. In this case, the bush must be bent to the ground. And above it to build a hut, on which lay spruce branches or pour dry leaves. From above, cover all this with lutrasil, and on top of it - a film of polyethylene, which will protect the shelter from moisture.
Mature bushes, the branches of which are not so flexible, should be tied together, and breathable material, such as burlap, spunbond or lutrasil, should be wrapped around them, which will keep the heat under the shelter and prevent the kidneys from scorching. Such a simple method will keep the action from frost to minus 30 ° C.
Action multiplication
Action propagates:
- cuttings;
- dividing the bush;
- seeds.
action shank
The simplest and most common method of reproduction - cuttings. To obtain cuttings, you need to cut large healthy shoots from an adult bush in July. Then, in pots filled with a nutrient mixture, plant shoots at a slight angle, after powdering with Kornevin, for better rooting. Pour a little sand on top of the soil, pour it over, cover the pot with polyethylene and put it in a greenhouse.
When the cuttings take root, they should be planted in open ground. The first year, the bushes will be afraid of hypothermia, so they need to be well covered for the winter, as described above.
Young plants can be obtained by dividing the mother bush
When multiplying the action dividing the bush, an adult shrub is dug up and, carefully dividing the root system into 2-3 parts, they are immediately planted in open ground at a place chosen and prepared in advance.
Reproduction by seeds also not a very complicated method. Seeds collected in autumn are planted in spring in boxes with prepared soil. Cover with glass and periodically watered. After a week and a half, shoots will appear, and when there are three or four true leaves on the sprouts, and the sprouts are strong enough, they can be transplanted into open ground.
Cultivation action: video
Varieties of action: photo
Action is a genus perennial shrubs from the Hortensia family, from 50 cm to 4 m high, among 72 species there are both deciduous and evergreen. It is valued by gardeners for its long (up to 35 days) and very abundant flowering in late spring - early summer, as well as for the shape of the bush - in most species it looks like a dome, slightly less in width than in height.
This plant lives for about 25 years. Flowers are white, pink, sometimes red, simple or double, mostly odorless. Often used as hedge, because it calmly tolerates smoke, or free-standing bushes. Even fragrant species are absolutely safe for people with allergies. In green form, not in the flowering period, the action is easily confused with honeysuckle.
The most common types and varieties
- (she is also slender) - a low bush, 0.5 - 1.2 m in height, has a bulk form - up to 1.5 m in diameter. It blooms up to 35 days, starting from mid-June, the flowers are white, fragrant. Loves good lighting. The hybrid of the same name of this species, growing in Japan, has been blooming since April.
- - grows up to 2.5 m in height, got its name for the rough to the touch flower petals. Blossoms 14 - 20 days from July, pink or white, simple or double flowers. Features: reddish-brown bark; does not tolerate drafts.
- (aka Small-flowered) - deciduous shrub up to 2m in height and 1.5m in diameter. It blooms for about 3 weeks, starting from the end of June, with small white flowers. Demanding on air humidity and light.
- - a large bush up to 3 m in height and up to 2 m in diameter, blooms in May - June with white or pink, sometimes double flowers. Does not require a mandatory haircut.
- - one of the most beautiful hybrids, blooms in the first half of summer. The flowers are snow-white, large (3 cm in diameter), terry, collected in inflorescences up to 12 cm. It grows quickly, up to a maximum of 2m; with proper care and good location, it can live 20 to 50 years.
- Deutsia Pink
- a hybrid of Purple and Graceful. It blooms in May - June, pink or white flowers. The bush is rounded, after 6 - 10 years it reaches only 1 m in height and the same in diameter. It is frost-resistant, able to winter with shelter only for roots and green foliage.
- Pink Pompom
- bush 2 - 2.5 m in height with erect shoots, double flowers and dark green rough leaves. It blooms in June - July, the flowers are pink outside and white inside. Requires good lighting and full shelter for the winter.
- Mont Rose
- a hybrid with vertical shoots up to 2.5 m, blooms in June - July, purple-pink. Differs in drought resistance.
- - grows up to 1.5 - 2 m, shoots are erect, but during the period abundant flowering may sag under the weight of the inflorescences. It blooms in May - June, the star-shaped flowers are white on the inside and pink on the outside.
- Deytsiya Magnificent
(aka Lush) - a hybrid of Deutsia Vilmorin and Rough. Shoots are erect, up to 2 - 2.5 m in height, but can fall under the weight of inflorescences. Blossoms 2 - 3 weeks, starting in July, white or pink double flowers. Prefers abundant, but diffused lighting and high humidity.
- Strawberry
- fluffy bush with exfoliating bark. Flowers appear in June, are crimson on the outside and pale pink on the inside. One of many fragrant varieties action.
Growing conditions and care
Action is a very demanding plant, and in order for it to live long and be beautiful, provide it with the following conditions:
- Lighting and air humidity ideal for action in partial shade from tall trees with an openwork crown. Such neighbors will protect the bushes from direct sunlight, but leave a sufficient level of lighting and keep moisture in the air. If there is no possibility of such a neighborhood, it is better to choose the sun than a thick shadow.
- North cold wind and draft are also undesirable for the action, so it is better to look for a place for it in the south of the house or other building.
- ground water located very close to the surface of the earth will also not allow the development of action for a long time and fully.
- When choosing a place for an action, also consider its possible dimensions after 5-7 years: it is better that nothing grows within a radius of 1-2.5 m (depending on the variety and how you cut it).
- soil they prefer fertile, it can be loamy, but drained, because. This plant does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the ground. The ideal mixture for mature plants is a combination of humus, river sand and peat (or compost) in a ratio of 2:2:1. Acidity is desirable neutral (pH 5 - 8).
- Watering produce regularly from April-May to mid-August, an average of 10 liters per plant once a week, and in dry hot weather - 20 liters each. Large bushes and hedges are watered at the rate of 30 - 40 liters per 1 m. sq.
- loosening carried out after watering to a depth of 20 - 25 cm, simultaneously removing weeds. Mulching the root circle will help to avoid this procedure.
- pruning carried out twice a year: in spring and summer, after flowering. In the spring, only a sanitary haircut is carried out - frozen and dry branches are removed, as well as broken and crushed ones. The main pruning is carried out immediately after flowering, so that the plant has time to recover. To do this, all shoots are shortened by 1/3, simultaneously adjusting the shape of the bush. If you are categorically not satisfied with the shape of your action, feel free to cut it to the ground, leaving only a stump. This stimulates the active growth of basal shoots, and the next year you will receive a new lush bush.
- Feed up the action is plentiful when planting, and then only during the flowering period 1 time per month, 3-4 liters of liquid manure per plant. Additionally, it is desirable to feed complex 2 times a season. mineral fertilizer 100 - 150g per 1 bush.
- Shelter for the winter required for different different varieties and regions.
- It is enough for frost-resistant varieties to mulch the root circle with fallen leaves, straw or spruce branches.
- If the plant is an adult, with upright shoots, tie its branches with twine or twine, and wrap it with covering material on top - burlap, spandbond or lutrasil.
- Juveniles and bushes with a round crown can be bent to the ground, a frame can be built above them, covered with spruce branches or fallen leaves, covered with lutrasil, and the last layer is a film.
Don't forget to remove the shelter at the beginning of April so that the action will bloom in time.
Planting and reproduction
Only young actions are planted in early spring when the trees had not yet budded. To do this, prepare holes 35-60 cm deep (the poorer the soil, the deeper) at a distance of 1.5 m from each other. If the plant is 1 - 3 years old, pinch the roots for greater bushiness. I drain the bottom of the pit with sand or broken bricks, place a seedling on it, straighten the roots horizontally and fall asleep suitable soil(see growing conditions and care). Fertilizers are mixed into the soil: about 10 liters of compost and 100 g of nitrophoska per 1 plant. The root neck can be deepened by no more than 2 cm. The root circle is mulched with peat, a layer of about 5 cm.
The action is propagated most easily by cuttings (about 90% take root) or root sprays, but propagation by seeds, division of the bush and layering is also possible.
- Green cuttings are cut in May-June. To do this, cut 8 - 10 cm from large, mature shoots. The cut will not be superfluous to process with a root formation stimulator. For a soil mixture, equally nutritious soil (for example, sandy peat) is combined with river sand. The cuttings are deepened by 0.5 cm with a slight slope and sprinkled with a 2-3 cm layer of sand. Seedlings are ready for planting in a permanent place only after 2 years.
- Lignified cuttings are harvested late autumn during the dormant period of the plant. Cut cuttings of 15 - 25 cm, 3 - 5 buds on each, tied into a bundle of 10 - 15 pieces and vertically, almost completely covered with wet sand. Stored until spring in the basement, and then grown in the same way as green cuttings.
- The bush is also divided only in the spring. To do this, it is completely dug up, old branches are removed, thinned out and divided into 2 - 3 parts. Transplant as quickly as possible so that the roots do not have time to dry out.
- Root offspring can be separated without digging out the entire bush, and also quickly transplanted into a prepared hole.
- The seeds of the action ripen in October in fruits - boxes, they are crushed and stored until spring. Seeds are sown in light fertile soil (peat, humus and river sand in equal proportions), superficially, and sprinkled on top with a thin layer of clean sand. Crops are well moistened and covered with glass or a transparent film. Seedlings should be expected in 1 - 1.5 months. Young growth dive with well-developed leaves immediately into open ground.
Diseases and pests
Deitia is a very disease resistant plant, but occasionally it can be affected by aphids and leaf spot. And if suddenly the leaves of your bush are eaten by a bumblebee proboscis, treat it with a 15% solution of phthalofos or karbofos.
Deutsia is a deciduous shrub of the Hortensia family, which came to us from East Asia. Under natural conditions, it is found in Mexico, in the highlands of the Himalayas and even in the Far East of Russia. Outwardly, the bush is similar to lilac and hydrangea, during the dormant period it is easy to confuse it with honeysuckle. All information on how to properly fit and care for the action in open field what pure and hybrid types of shrubs exist, as well as tips on choosing a variety are collected in the material.
plant description
Crown The plant consists of erect shoots, smooth or pubescent. Leaves opposite, simple, with uneven serrated or serrate margins. Bark usually not coarse, only in old plants it exfoliates and can acquire a rigid structure. shoots hollow inside already starting from the second year of the life of the bush.
root system usually consists of several central powerful rods and numerous short fibrous roots located in the upper half of the root. Such a structure causes resistance to drought and ease of transplantation.
Flowers simple or double of 5 petals, collected in spherical large apical inflorescences of white or all shades of pink, red, purple. The plant does not have a pronounced aroma. Fetus- a small spherical box with seeds inside.
In nature, shrubs can be compact and grow up to 40 cm, but most often mature plant reaches 150–200 cm. Some individuals become real giants up to 4 m high. Average duration life - 20-25 years.
Varieties of action from Japan and the Himalayas were brought to Europe in the middle of the 19th century, and at the end of the century in the gardens and estates of gardeners from the Old World appeared Chinese species shrub.
The origin of the name, according to some theories, is associated with the name of a merchant from the Netherlands and the mayor of Amsterdam, Johann van Deutz. In the 18th century, he financed an expedition of Dutch scientists to Japan, where they first encountered this species. The plant in honor of the patron was named by the botanist Carl Peter Thunberg, but among the people the action is often called Asian or oriental beauty.
Landing
The plant cannot be called unpretentious: it does not like waterlogging, it is afraid of cold winds and low temperatures. Among the positive agrotechnical characteristics, drought resistance can be distinguished.
Planting is best done in the spring, after the final retreat of night frosts, when the buds on the trees have not yet opened.
Choice of landing site
The plant will feel best on the southwestern slopes, rather gentle, which in cold winters are covered with a dense layer of snow. It is better to choose a shaded site for planting, without direct sunlight, protected from wind and drafts. Groundwater should lie no higher than at a depth of 2.5-3 meters.
Loose, fertile soil, with a mandatory drainage layer, is ideal for an oriental beauty. You can make a neutral or slightly acidic soil with these characteristics yourself by mixing two parts of compost soil and humus with one part of sand.
How to properly plant
Shrubs should be planted singly, at a distance of at least 2 meters from each other, other plants, buildings and obstacles. The depth of the landing hole is quite large - at least 50 cm in depth and the same in width and length.
Drainage should be poured at the bottom of the hole (sand, broken brick, expanded clay will do), 250 gr. lime or wood ash. If homemade soil is used, then the size of the hole must be increased by 30–40 cm.
Seedlings with an open root system before planting for 24 hours are placed in a solution of Kornevin or any other drug to stimulate root growth. Directly on the spot, the roots are straightened. If a plant is planted with an earthen clod, then its lower part needs to be slightly broken and the roots straightened.
It is necessary to transport seedlings without an earthen clod to the landing site by wrapping the lower part thick paper or newspapers.
After the trunk falls asleep, the root collar of the shrub should protrude above the ground or be at a maximum depth of 1-2 cm below the ground level. After planting, the soil should be watered with a bucket of water and tamped, the near-stem circle should be mulched with a layer of peat of 5–7 cm.
How to choose a good seedling
When choosing between purchased seedlings in containers or with an open root system, preference should be given to the latter, since they can easily assess the condition of the plant.
Another argument in favor of the solution is the lower cost of such planting material compared to a container specimen. Before planting, shrubs are cut from dried shoots and the roots are shortened to 40 cm.
If, after buying a young bush, it turned out that its roots were overdried, the plant can be reanimated by immersing it for 2-3 hours in a mixture of clay, water and mullein with the addition of a weak solution of manganese.
Care
All actions aimed at stimulating the growth of the Asian shrub - watering and top dressing - are carried out during the flowering period of the plant, which lasts an average of 30–60 days. Pruning and wrapping are considered to be the preparation of the plant for winter.
Watering
Waterlogging has a detrimental effect on the condition of the shrub, so it is recommended to water it moderately: no more than 10–12 liters of water under 1 bush every 2–3 weeks in the warm season. During active growth and in dry weather, watering is allowed to increase.
Already in the second half of August, watering the plant is stopped so that the wood is ripe for the onset of cold weather. In autumn, the trunk area is covered with waterproof material.
top dressing
Fertilizer for action during the flowering period is applied monthly: the best choice liquid organics will become (no more than 3-4 liters). At least twice a season before the end of flowering, the plant is fed by adding 130–150 g to the soil. complex fertilizers consisting of a mixture of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium, or superphosphate.
Mulching will have a beneficial effect on the growth of the action and its attractive appearance. trunk circle humus in the calculation of 4-5 liters per bush. In the fall, fertilizing the shrub can only do harm, because it leads to a decrease in winter hardiness.
pruning
The first pruning of dead shoots in winter is carried out in May-early June. After flowering, the plant is pruned to rejuvenate and form a crown - while it can be given any shape.
After flowering, each branch is cut to a young shoot and another quarter of the length for proper budding and increased bushiness.
Several shoots from old bushes are allowed to be removed every 2–3 years to ground level. Young shrubs aged 5 years are also allowed to be cut heavily, leaving a 10–15 cm stump with two side shoots. But most often, the bush is simply given a rounded shape, shortening branches that are very protruding from the total mass.
Transfer
You can transplant the action only in the spring, otherwise the plant will not have time to get stronger before the cold weather. The plant should be dug according to the diameter of the projection of its crown, trying to keep the earth lump intact.
In the new landing pit there should be a drainage layer and complex mineral dressing (no more than 25–30 gr.). You need to fill the shrub with the same mixture as when planting, then water well, compact the soil under the plant and mulch with peat.
When transplanting, it is convenient to cut dried shoots, shortening the branches by one third. A young plant quite easily tolerates a change in “place of residence”, an adult shrub can get sick.
Preparing for the winter
For the winter, the plant is warmed twice: for the first time - after the onset of the first night frosts. It is necessary to press the shoots to the ground and make a small wooden frame, the surface of which is covered with fallen leaves - this is an air-dry shelter.
The second stage of preparation for wintering is carried out when the average daily air temperature drops below zero. To protect the shrub from freezing, the lower massive branches of needles are placed on its base: this way the hollow shoots will not break from the snow masses.
You can additionally cover the shrub with non-woven fibrous material or film, which will help prevent branches from breaking under the yoke of snow and prevent the soil from rotting in the spring.
It will not be possible to bend adult plants to the soil, they will simply break, so to shelter old bushes, you need to act like this:
- Carefully collect all the shoots in one sheaf, tie it with a soft rope.
- Put on top a bag of lutrasil or spunbond with the closed bottom up.
- Fasten the material from below with clothespins and bandage along the diameter with a soft tourniquet.
If the plant is not protected from the cold in time, then it will not bloom next spring.
It is recommended to remove the shelter in early spring, when the snow has melted, at positive average daily temperatures. It is necessary to release the plant without waiting for the remnants of the leaves to begin to rot. Also, bushes should not be allowed to get wet.
If you do not get rid of the shelter in time (usually in early April), then this will slow down the process of the spring vegetation of the shrub.
reproduction
Deytion is quite simple to grow from seeds, but other methods of propagation: cuttings, division, seedlings of root shoots and layering are just as effective.
seed
Seed propagation does not require any other preparation, except for loosening the soil at the intended planting site. Seeds are harvested in autumn from ripe fruits, and in spring they are sown on the surface of the soil, without sprinkling anything. It is important that the beds are located in a shady place, and the seedlings receive sufficient watering.
Germination of seeds lasts for 1-3 years, they need to be stored in a cool place in sealed bags or tightly closed containers.
The first shoots under favorable conditions will appear in 20–25 days. As soon as two pairs of true leaves form on the seedlings, they need to dive. Plants obtained in this way begin to bloom in the third year of life.
Vegetative
To propagate the action by cuttings, young shoots 15–20 cm long are cut from mid-June to mid-Julyuntil the bark of the shoots has become stiff.
The lower cut of the branches is dipped in a root formation stimulator, and then planted in greenhouses in the soil at an angle to a depth of 1 cm. You can achieve 100% rooting of the cuttings by installing a fogger in a greenhouse covered with a film. Rooted branches are transferred to open ground when shoots appear on them - such seedlings grow for another 1.5–2 years.
You need to cut the shoot below the node by 0.5–1 cm with a sharp knife or blade. Leaves from the bottom of the cutting are usually removed.
Cuttings with a lignified trunk can also be cut for subsequent reproduction. This should be done in late autumn, choosing branches with 3-5 buds. In winter, they are stored, sprinkled with earth, in a cold, dark place, planted in a greenhouse in the first spring months.
By dividing the bush
New shrubs can also be obtained by dividing the old plant into 2-3 parts. Dry and too thick shoots are immediately removed.
The division can be carried out by separating the root growth from the adult action. Both of these methods of reproduction are resorted to in the spring, so that new bushes have time to take root and grow before the cold weather.
layering
Pretty quick and easy way to get a new plant. For reproduction, one of the side shoots is pressed to the ground and added dropwise. To speed up the process, the bark at the site of the future root is scratched a little.
After rooting the twig the next spring, it is separated from the mother bush and transplanted as a normal seedling.
Pests and diseases
Ticks, aphids, caterpillars with a horn and two stripes on a bright green body, which just as quickly devour the foliage, can also attack the bush. They are fought by spraying with insecticides (preparations "Decis", "Bitoxibacillin", "Lepidocid-BTU").
It is also necessary to be wary of rotting of the root system due to excessive watering, in which case the shrub is already difficult to reanimate.
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Species and varieties
Deytion unites almost fifty both pure and hybrid species, however, in horticulture and floriculture, the most decorative and capable of survival are in demand.
Graceful
Graceful
The distribution area of the species in nature is the mountainous regions of Japan. The height of the shrub varies from 45 cm to 1.5 m. It has a rounded shape, elongated lanceolate serrate leaves 6 cm long. The front surface of the leaf in this species is covered with stellate hairs, and the back is smooth, moreover, both have a light green unsaturated color. Inflorescences graceful action racemose, upright, up to 10 cm long, with fifty white flowers. This species blooms in June, for a month or more. A distinctive species feature - early readiness for flowering - already in the second year after planting. Individual varieties of the bush may have a golden hue of leaves. The most famous variety, Nikko, can be recognized by the burgundy color of the foliage in autumn. Such shrubs bloom in May or June and look like sprawling shrubs up to 85 cm tall.
Decorative forms that have become widespread in landscape gardening culture:
- golden (with yellow leaves)
- white-marble (leaves have white patches)
A shrub up to 2 m high is named so due to the shade of flowers that appear on the plant in the form of semi-umbrella inflorescences of 15–17 pieces each.
The leaves of this species are broadly lanceolate, rarely pubescent, with a finely serrate margin. The variety will grow only in warm climates where there are no long cold winters.
A hybrid obtained from crossing graceful and purple action. The flowers, taking white and purple pigment from both species, turn out to be pale pink, bell-shaped, 30-35 flowers in each racemose. The shrub is very compact and rarely grows above 1–1.2 m.
This species is perhaps the only one among other varieties of action that is resistant to cold wind and frost. The most recognizable variety - Campanulata has a dense spreading crown, bell-shaped flowers that appear in May and delight gardeners with all shades of pink.
large-flowered
large-flowered
An early flowering perennial, this variety of Asian shrub can reach 2 m in height and is characterized by a solitary position of large flowers in the inflorescence.
The leaves are oval, rough on both sides, have a dark green color. Suitable for planting in temperate and warm climates, as it does not tolerate cold weather at all.
Spreading, deciduous shrub, common in the Far East (protected by the state in some reserves of Russia), in the north of the Korean Peninsula and in China. This type of action can reach 2 m, has oblong, up to 7 cm long, pubescent bright green leaves.
Corymbose inflorescences with small white flowers that do not have aroma reach the same size. The flowering period for this variety begins at the end of June and lasts an average of 3 weeks. The fruits are small, yellow-green, spherical with small seeds, ripen in October.
Some ornamental varieties of oriental beauty are sterile and do not bear fruit.
A distinctive feature of the Amur action is its resistance to dry weather, polluted air and smoke. The shrub grows very quickly and begins to bloom earlier than related species.
This variety (natural habitat - Japan and China) has a feature - brown or with shades of red bark, which exfoliates with age. The leaves have a pale greenish color, up to 8 cm long, and their surface is covered with stellate hairs that give a rough texture (hence the name).
This type of shrub blooms later than others with beautiful long (12 cm each) inflorescences in the form of a panicle with pale pink or white bell flowers. The flowering period lasts 15–20 days. At rough action there are such forms as: terry, pink terry, white-dotted, Vaterera, pure white, and also the most interesting - Marmorata (the surface of the sheet is strewn with yellow-white spots).
The most common and popular varieties among gardeners:
- Captivity (erect flowers, densely doubled shoots)
- Roseo Plena (double flowers in the center are snow-white, and along the edges are bright pink)
- Candissima (pinkish buds bloom into white double flowers, needs secure shelter for the winter)
- Pride of Rochester (dense crown, consisting of straight long shoots with white double flowers at the ends of inflorescences)
- Codsell Pink (dense crown formed by curved branches, at the ends - narrow panicles-inflorescences with bright pink flowers that appear in June)
Vilmorena (colorless)
Vilmorena (colorless)
The cold-resistant variety of Vilmoren's action is very miniature - only 70 cm long and came to us from Central and Western China. The leaves are narrowly lanceolate with finely serrated edges, the flowers are rather small (2 cm in diameter), snow-white in color bloom in corymbose inflorescences.
When choosing a type of action for landing in middle lane Russia, you should pay attention to such winter-hardy species as: Amur, graceful, Lemoine and pink. However, if the temperature drops below -30 degrees in winter, no variety will survive such cold weather.
One of the most picturesque, this hybrid of the lush and action of Vilmorin is an upright shrub 2–2.5 m high. The leaves are oval, long, like the inflorescences, which are umbrella-shaped and a large number of white double flowers. Flowering later: begins in July and lasts 20-25 days.
Allocate such decorative forms of this subspecies:
- Formosa (double flowers)
- Erekta (with dense inflorescences)
- Eburnea (drooping inflorescences)
- Superba (with bell-shaped flowers)
The most popular variety, Tourbillon Rouge, changes the color of the leaves from green to yellow-gold in autumn. The bark, even on young branches, is red-orange, with white stripes. Blooms in early summer large flowers all shades of pink. Winter hardiness is average, it is necessary to cover if the temperature in winter reaches -25 degrees.
A characteristic feature of plants of the species is elongated leaves 10 to 12 cm long, dark green above and slightly grayish from the hairs below. It is rare in landscape gardening, even in botanical gardens.
The variety attracts the attention of gardeners with bright pink flowers, purple in unopened buds. Veitch's long-leaved action has an even darker color during flowering, which in all representatives of the species begins at the end of July.
Hybrid Strawberry Fields
Low shrub up to 150 cm with dark green rough leaves and large pink flowers with a pronounced red center that bloom in June-July.
Shoots have an arched shape. The plant gives an annual growth of almost 30 cm. Winter hardiness is average, it is necessary to cover well for the winter.
The type of action is named after the outstanding scientist and researcher of the flora of China - the Englishman Ernest Henry Wilson. Very profusely flowering natural hybrid with a flowering period of about 30 days.
Height is rarely more than 2 m, annual shoots are slightly pubescent. The bark is exfoliating, reddish in color. Broadly lanceolate, finely serrated leaves are green above, and below have a grayish undertone.
graceful
graceful
The hybrid form, obtained by crossing the deutsia purple and Siebold, is suitable for planting only in warm climates. In mid-latitudes, it can take root, but will not bloom.
The shrub reaches 150 cm, the leaves are oblong with a serrated edge. At the ends of the shoots in June, racemose inflorescences appear with saturated flowers. Pink colour. Among gardeners, the Pearl Rose variety received special love with a dense crown and lush inflorescences on the tops of the branches.
A hybrid species with large snow-white flowers up to 3 cm in diameter in large 12 cm inflorescences. Under favorable conditions, a shrub of this variety can live up to 50 years and reach 2 m in height.
Rare protected plant outward signs and flowering time is very similar to the Amur variety. The main difference is the later entry into the flowering time, which in this bush occurs only at the 8th year of life.
Less common types
Allocate species whose resistance to diseases and pests is reduced, and winter hardiness is assessed as low. Their use in horticulture and decorative floriculture is unpromising.
These varieties include:
- Gorodchataya. Blossoms in May, vegetation runs from April to October. Flowers small, white
- Schneider. A low shrub (up to 120 cm) that blooms with white small flowers for only 2-3 weeks in the first half of July
- Siebold
Use in landscape design
A sprawling shrub strewn with flowers will decorate any landscape composition, but the action looks most spectacular against the background of other blooming perennials and coniferous trees. The plant is successfully combined with other flowering shrubs:
The Asian beauty looks especially picturesque against the backdrop of coniferous shrubs.
One of the indisputable advantages of the Asian beauty is the full development in urban conditions. From the large-flowered action, an excellent hedge is obtained, picturesque and immune to smoke, so the action is often planted on household plots near busy roads. Graceful action is often used to decorate curb slabs and visually pad a group of taller plants.
Despite the fact that action is an ornamental plant, quite susceptible to cold weather, which for most of the territory Russian Federation not uncommon to grow this beautiful shrub you can in your area. Correct fit and proper care of the oriental beauty will be rewarded with abundant beautiful flowering and attractive appearance action in the garden.
All information on how to choose the right place for planting an action on your site, what you need to know about watering, feeding and pruning a plant, how to deal with pests and diseases, is collected in the training video:
