Well      04/26/2019

Date palm: tropical exotica in your home. Homemade date palm from seed in indoor conditions

Tasting the sweet ones, incredible delicious fruits– dates, you’ve probably thought more than once about whether a date palm can grow from a seed at home? The answer is positive - yes, it can, but it will not bear fruit, since for this the tree must reach a height of 15 meters (at least). That is, a date palm with fruits will not grow at home; this is not possible. But get lush tree, which will please the eye and decorate your interior, is quite possible. The date palm is a beautiful, spreading tree with feathery branches.

The retail chain offers small seedlings miniature varieties date palms adapted for home cultivation. But we are interested in the process of independently growing a tree from a seed, right? How to grow a palm tree from a date seed? I want to tell you more about this.

This is what a date tree looks like at home

In your home, such a palm tree can grow up to 2 meters; for harmonious development it needs space and good lighting.

Date palm, seed preparation, planting

The very same seeds extracted from the fruits that were bought to be enjoyed are quite suitable for planting. It is best to use “fresh” pits, freshly removed from healthy dates. Make sure that there is no mold or traces of insects on the seeds - planting material must be perfect. Then you should place the seeds in moist conditions (a container with clean water) for about a day, so the remaining fruit pulp will swell and can be easily removed. During the so-called soaking, it is advisable to change the water several times.

Date seeds, photo:

After 24 hours, remove the seeds, dry them, and place them on a dry, clean cloth. To speed up the germination process, the seeds can be lightly processed sandpaper or just scratch it a little with a sharp knife.

Pre-germination of grains gives good results.


This is how a date root grows

To do this, they are placed in damp vermiculite, sprinkled with a thin layer on top, and the container is placed next to warm battery, having previously covered plastic film. Here you need to ensure that the agrovermiculite remains moist at all times. It should be sprayed from time to time.

Accumulated condensate should be removed promptly. Sometimes two weeks are enough for sprouts to hatch. After this, the planting material is planted in pots. These temporary containers will serve as a home for young palm trees until the plant develops one long stem. As usual, pour drainage (fine expanded clay) into the bottom of the pots.

Young palm trees from seed, photo:


What will grow from a date seed, photo

For sprouted seeds, a special palm substrate (preferably) or a peat-sand mixture is best suited. You can plant 3-5 seeds at the same time, but the soil should be constantly moist. Future palm trees should be watered very carefully and carefully; regular ventilation is also necessary. If you do everything correctly, but sprouts do not appear, do not despair - this plant can “sit” underground for a long time, not showing activity. Continue to water and provide access to fresh air to the pot; there are cases where sprouts appeared even 4-5 months after planting the seeds.

Replanting a date palm

Wondering how to grow date palm at home from a seed, you need to know that this exotic plant grows very slowly. Don’t be surprised if two or even three years pass before the first full-fledged leaves appear.

Be that as it may, replanting should be done very carefully, for fear of damaging the delicate roots. As mentioned above, palm trees are replanted at the stage of the appearance of the first stem. At this stage, the roots do not yet have time to entwine the drainage, which makes it possible to move the plant along with the earthen lump (by transshipment).

There is an opinion that young palm trees need annual replanting. Yes it is. And only then, when the plant is about five years old, you can replant it as needed. If you see that your plant performs better after replanting, then make sure that each subsequent pot is 3 cm larger (in diameter) compared to the previous one. Remember about drainage, use special substrates for indoor palm crops.

Palm date care at home, photo:

Sometimes it is enough to simply replace the top layer of soil mixture: old land carefully remove it, and pour a new nutritious earthen mixture in its place. This process is best done in the spring.

Date palm, home care

Despite the fact that this representative is characterized by slow growth, he reacts extremely quickly to the lack of proper care. Young palm trees instantly lose their vigorous appearance at the slightest discomfort. In order for a palm tree to feel good at home, it needs to provide adequate lighting. If big trees growing in nature perfectly tolerate heat, scorching sunlight, then the home palm tree must be protected from these factors. Nevertheless indoor palm tree is a light-loving plant. The best place for it will be a room facing south, or window sills, which are located on the west or east side.

By the end of spring, when the air temperature reaches +12..14°C, you can safely take your palm tree out to open balcony. If you are unable to move the tree to open air- it's okay, it feels comfortable at home, just do not forget to ventilate the room more often. With the onset of heat, do not be lazy to irrigate the plant with a spray bottle, and also wipe its leaves with a damp cloth. A palm tree grown from seed likes the soil not to dry out, but excessive waterlogging is extremely harmful to its roots. In summer, the tree needs to be watered more often, but at the same time make sure that the tray is dry, without stagnant water.

Date palm Robelena

As for winter care, you need to provide the palm tree with an air temperature of at least +16..18°C. The mercury level +12°C is considered critical for home palm– it stops growing and starts to hurt.

In winter, the plant is watered less frequently. When upper layer the soil mixture will dry out by about 3 cm, then watering should be done.

Does a date palm need drainage? Definitely needed! Provide the tree with good drainage. Remember, the larger the palm tree and its pot, the thicker the drainage layer.

Partial shade, diffused lighting, air temperature +15..18°C, moderate watering room temperature– ideal conditions for maintaining this crop. The palm tree should not be exposed to direct sunlight; the leaves dry out and the tree withers.

It is also worth mentioning about fertilizing - this plant loves them very much. Standard additives for palm crops provide very good results, but if you decide to feed the tree with diluted chicken droppings (proportions - 1:3). Then dilute 0.5 liters of infusion with 10 liters of water. Apply once every 12-14 days. The palm tree will thank you with splendor, rich color of foliage. With the onset of winter, such monthly top dressing will be very appropriate.

By and large, the indoor palm tree is unpretentious plant, but diseases and pests can reach her and the house. Spider mite, mealybug, scale insects - they are all very partial to palm crops, if you notice the first signs of infection, hurry up to process the tree at an early stage soap solution. If the condition is more serious, then you can’t do without chemical preparations - insectoacaricides, such as Aktellik, Dursban, Agravertin, Vertimek, will help you here.

Excessive watering (waterlogging) can provoke the appearance of pink rot, a variety of spots on the leaves. Fungicides, such as Mancozeb and Fitosporin-M, combat these manifestations. The room where the palm tree is located should have a minimum humidity of at least 60%. Practice water irrigation, especially in summer. And with the onset of winter, place a small container filled with water next to the palm pot. As for the slow growth of the tree, here you should pay attention to the level of soil acidity. If the degree of acidity is increased, the growth of the palm tree may stop. A neutral pH is optimal for this plant.

Observe temperature regime, protect the plant from direct sunlight and drafts. To make a date palm from a stone at home become a lush growing tree and a real decoration of your interior, you should follow the simple rules described above.

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Date palm - widespread indoor plant, which is very easy to grow with your own hands from seeds. And in the subtropics of the Black Sea coast, dates can also grow in a garden plot.

What are date palms and how do they reproduce?

Several varieties of date palms are known in nature, of which the greatest interest is indoor growing They represent two types - Canarian and palmate dates.

Absolutely all date palms are dioecious plants, in which male and female flowers are formed on different trees.

IN room conditions dates do not bear fruit and are grown solely out of curiosity or for decorative purposes.

True date palm (date palm)

The palmate date is the same palm tree that produces delicious sweet dates that are sold in stores all year round. Each date contains an elongated pit with pointed tips. Seeds from store-bought dried fruits remain viable and are suitable for sowing.


Palmate date fruit is a famous sweet and tasty date.

The palmate date grows in the hot tropical deserts of Africa and Arabia. At the base of old trees, numerous root shoots often form, due to which plant regeneration occurs.


Real date palms grow in tropical deserts

The Canary date grows in the wild only in the Canary Islands. It is often grown as ornamental plant in subtropics around the world, including in Russia on the Black Sea coast. This palm tree does not produce root shoots and reproduces only by seeds.


The Canarian date palm is grown as an ornamental plant in many countries

The fruits are not eaten due to their small size and fibrous pulp. Canary date seeds have an oval shape with rounded tips. You can pick up ripe fruits in December - January in the cities of the Black Sea coast, where these palm trees grow in abundance.


The fruits of the Canarian date are easily identified by the rounder seeds than those of the real date.

In my opinion, for home grown The Canarian date is more interesting: its plants have more graceful leaves and a fluffier crown, they look much more attractive than potted palmate date plants at a similar age.


Canarian date plants look very attractive

Indoor conditions are generally not particularly comfortable for a real date palm, accustomed to a hot desert climate.


The palmate date is less decorative, but its seeds are easier to find

How to plant date pits at home

Stones from dried dates bought in a store or freshly collected from a tree are suitable for planting. The planting technology is very simple:


Date palm shoots do not look at all like adult palm leaves, but look like wide blades of grass with a fold. It will not be long before true feathery leaves appear in young plants. less than a year. If two-year-old palm trees still have intact leaves, this is a sign of insufficient lighting.

Sometimes it is advised to pre-germinate the seeds before planting in wet sawdust or hydrogel on a radiator, but this method has at least two big drawbacks:

  • it is very difficult to ensure that the sawdust on the battery never dries out within a month;
  • The sprouts are quite fragile, and there is a risk of breaking them off when planting - planting unsprouted seeds in the ground is much easier and more convenient.

Growing a date palm from a seed - video

Replanting indoor date palms and caring for them

Date palms are very sensitive to root damage and do not like transplanting. Until the age of five, they are transplanted once a year in the spring into a pot slightly bigger size, older ones - once every three to four years. Pots need to be tall, stable and heavy, with drainage holes and a layer of pebbles at the bottom. When replanting, it is important to keep the earthen ball with roots intact. The soil mixture is prepared from mixed in equal quantities:

  • leaf earth,
  • turf land,
  • river coarse sand.

The soil in the depths of the pot should always remain slightly moist; if the earthen clod dries out, the palm tree dies. In adult plants in large tubs, it is advisable to allow the top two to three centimeters of soil to dry out between waterings to prevent mold from appearing.


In summer, date palms are useful to keep in the fresh air

Optimal temperature for wintering date palms around +15°C; in summer it is advisable to expose them to fresh air, first in partial shade, then in a brighter place, gradually accustoming them to direct sunlight. Dates tolerate dry air well, but the leaves must be wiped with a cloth to remove dust weekly.

Planting dates in open ground

In the subtropics of the Black Sea coast, the Canary date palm successfully grows and bears fruit in open ground.


On the Black Sea coast, the Canary date grows well in open ground

Residents of the subtropical zone of the Krasnodar Territory and the southern coast of Crimea can plant a young palm tree grown from a seed in the garden, taking care of winter protection for the first ten years after planting. It should be planted in a sunny location with well-drained calcareous soil. It is best to plant young seedlings grown in pots when they are 3–4 years old. When planting, it is important not to damage the fragile roots and maintain the same position of the root collar relative to the soil level. Young palm trees must be watered during drought so that the soil at the roots does not dry out. Adult specimens do without watering.

The Canary date blooms in the fall from the age of five, and if there are male and female plants nearby, it will bear fruit. The fruits ripen by December of the following year after flowering; they are theoretically edible, but fibrous and tasteless.


The fruits of the Canary date are not used for food due to their small size and fibrous pulp.

Adult specimens of the Canarian date palm tolerate short frosts down to -8..-9°C. Young plants need protection from agrofibre or matting for the winter. The most vulnerable spot in a palm tree is the apical growth bud at the base of the leaves; if it is damaged, the plant dies. If only the leaves themselves are damaged, this is not fatal; they can be cut off, then new ones will grow in their place.

The palmate date does not survive in the Black Sea subtropics due to excess humidity.

Date palm in conditions an ordinary house so far more a curiosity than an ordinary thing. It is not difficult to germinate a seedling from an ordinary seed. However, not everyone has the patience and diligence to properly care for it for several years before the tree becomes an adult. Homemade dates will never bear fruit, but they will fit perfectly into the interior and decorate your home.

How to germinate a date from a seed

The common date can be sprouted from the seeds of the fruit, which are sold in the store. The culture has other varieties - Canarian and Robelena. They are propagated and sold only in flower shops. As seed material You can use dates that have not been heat treated. For example, dried or dried. Seeds for planting must be processed immediately after receiving them.

It is best to start work in February or March. Prepare several seeds, even if you only want one palm tree. Indeed, during the growing process, young seedlings often die. The procedure should begin with water treatment of the seeds. Impregnating the seeds with moisture will significantly speed up the process of seed germination: 2-3 weeks versus 4 (if you skip this stage).

Date pit

Subsequence:

  1. Remove the seeds from the date and remove as much pulp as possible.
  2. Place the seeds in a glass of warm water for 48 hours. Renew the liquid 2 times a day, maintaining the temperature in the container above +22°C.
  3. Remove the swollen growths of pulp with a knife.
  4. Give the seeds a 5-minute bath of hot water(about 80°C).

Many people use cotton wool during soaking. A cotton pad with a bone is placed in a plate filled with water. Cover it with another damp cotton wool on top. You can also use rolled gauze or sawdust as a material.

Advice. To further reduce the time it takes for the seeds to hatch, you can sand them or scratch them with a knife. A damaged shell allows moisture to pass through more easily, which gives vitality sprout

How to plant a seed correctly

The substrate for indoor flowers from the store is suitable as a soil for planting. You can prepare it yourself: mix peat, raw sawdust and river sand in equal parts. This soil is optimal for a young plant, but in the future, during the first and subsequent transplants, the pot will need to be filled with other soil. Proportions:

  • humus - 40%;
  • turf land - 20%;
  • leaf soil - 20%;
  • sand - 20%;
  • peat - 10%.

Sprouting date seeds

The planting process should be carried out as follows:

  1. Place the cleaned and treated seeds into the soil in a strictly vertical position.
  2. Sprinkle a centimeter layer of the same soil on top.
  3. Place the container and seeds in a warm place (+22...25°C). You can directly on the heating radiator.
  4. Water moderately: so that the soil does not dry out, but the water does not stagnate.

Attention! At proper care After 2-3 months, a sprout will emerge from the ground - a juvenile leaf. Then it will grow into an arrow consisting of 2-3 sharp leaves.

Transplantation and further care of date tree seedlings

After the sprouts reach 10 cm, each of them needs to be transplanted into a wider pot. Florists advise doing the procedure annually for the first 5 years of the palm tree’s life. The size of the container must constantly increase to meet the growing needs of the plant's root system. For the final transplant you need a spacious pot.

Advice. After gaining a date permanent place residence, instead of replanting, periodically change the top layer of soil without disturbing the plant.

Transplantation is the most delicate process in caring for a date palm. In inexperienced hands, more than one seedling may die. The reason is the tenderness of the root system of this crop. If the long root is even slightly damaged, the plant will die. There is only one method suitable for replanting - transshipment. It involves transferring the root along with a lump of earth.

date sprouts

Plant care has the following features:

  1. While the date has not yet formed, it needs weekly feeding in spring and summer. During the dormant period, organic and mineral fertilizers contribute no more than 1 time per month.
  2. It is important that the soil always remains moist. In summer, water the plant generously, even collecting water in a tray. In winter, the least.
  3. The palm tree responds well to spraying in the warm season. In addition, give the plant a weekly shower with water at room temperature. During the procedure, you need to protect the soil from excess moisture.
  4. Dates love a lot of light and will withstand even direct sunlight. Without proper lighting, palm leaves will become long and brittle.
  5. The air temperature in the room should be moderate, in the range of +16...+22°C. Placing a palm tree near a heating radiator is risky: it will die from the heat. In summer, the plant is taken out onto the loggia or veranda, limiting drafts. In winter, the temperature can range between +13...14°C.

Even if date care is correct, do not wait quick results. The palm will turn into decorative tree around the 5th year. But after this, the plant will become a real decoration of your home.

Growing a date palm from a seed: video

Date palms are desert plants that prefer a hot climate and have characteristics of growth and development. At the same time, varieties of this palm can often be found as indoor and greenhouse residents. This is possible due to the fact that this plant is quite hardy and adapts well to different conditions, including to closed ground. This means that planting and growing dates at home is quite possible if certain requirements are met.


It should be noted right away that the date palm at home is an exclusively ornamental plant that is not capable of bearing fruit. Since even dates growing in open ground in conditions other than desert, for example on the Mediterranean coast, do not bear edible fruit. But this fact should not discourage anyone from growing a date at home, since the unusual shaggy desert palm growing in a pot in the northern hemisphere of the world will not leave anyone indifferent, even small plant connoisseurs.


In flower shops you can find already grown date palms for sale, usually undersized varieties. In nurseries they are grown at an accelerated pace using excess fertilizers and even hormones, so often buying such a plant and transferring it to home care, you can observe the gradual withering and death of the date. This means that we are interested in independently planting and growing a hardy date palm from an almost free seed, but over a fairly long period of time.


Each pollinated, mature date palm fruit contains one rather large and very hard oblong stone. Under natural conditions, date seeds remain viable for several years and even decades, waiting for suitable conditions, but the likelihood of germination is reduced. An ideal and affordable seed material is the pits of dried or sun-dried dates, available for sale all year round. At the same time, you should not pay attention to the varietal identity, since it is possible to talk about the purity of the variety only when vegetative reproduction palm trees

How to plant a date palm kernel?

Date pits are very dense and do not allow moisture to pass through easily. Under natural conditions, this allows fincas to germinate only under conditions of abundant moisture - often when rivers are flooded. This eliminates false germination with subsequent death of the young shoot from drought. At home, this means an increased germination time for date seeds compared to other plants. To speed up the process, it is advisable to rub the pit, cleared of pulp, a little with a file or sandpaper, and then soak for 3 days between two cotton pads or in gauze, placing it in the warmest place in the apartment and monitoring the presence of water.


Plant each prepared date pit at home, it should be placed in a separate special pot for seedlings, which can later be broken, leaving the earthen lump and roots unharmed. Use a mixture of peat as soil, flower land and sand in approximately equal proportions. The stone itself is recommended to be placed vertically in the soil to a depth of one centimeter from its upper edge. During the germination period, the soil should not dry out.


Given sufficient heat and moisture, a live date seed should hatch and sprout within 1 to 3 months. It is known from practice that almost all dates planted at home sprout, except when they are damaged by fungus and rot due to stagnation of water in the pot. When the stem first appears, the young date palm should be placed on a windowsill facing the southern part of the world.


It is advisable to plant a date seed in early spring so that the first shoot receives maximum heat and sunlight that yours can provide climate zone and the location of the apartment. And the slightly grown date was ready to be transplanted into a larger pot, just in time for the palm’s hibernation period.


Caring for a date palm at home.

During the first and subsequent transplants, part of the compost should be added to the soil mixture for the grown date palm, since mature plant will actively need organic substances. As it grows, about once a year, the date needs to be transplanted into a larger pot, and so on up to the maximum volume of container that you are ready to provide it with at home. The palm tree is very sensitive to damage to the roots, which means the procedure should be carried out as carefully as possible. When reaching the largest pot, instead of transplanting, a partial replacement of the topsoil should be carried out without extracting the plant.


An adult palm tree can tolerate maximum illumination and needs all the direct sunlight that can be available at home. In summer, it is advisable to move dates grown at home to a balcony or terrace. To recreate familiar conditions, in winter the palm tree should be located in temperatures of 13 - 16 degrees Celsius with moderate lighting and limited watering, this will contribute to further active growth in the spring phase.


Under typical natural conditions, date palms grow near desert oases, and also where the plant's surprisingly deep root system is able to reach underground moisture that is constantly present. This means that when growing dates at home, you should take care of high-quality drainage, which allows you to eliminate critical stagnation of water, while providing the necessary regular watering. However, it should be noted that mature date palms can tolerate short periods of complete drought.


The leaves of a young date palm are quite modest and, after growth, are divided into several feathers. Home plant at the age of 5 - 6 years it is already capable of producing a leaf up to 1 meter in length with many diverging rays. Date leaves have a lifespan of about a year, and then turn yellow and dry out on the lower tier, requiring pruning. Date leaves should be trimmed at home, leaving 2 - 3 centimeters from the petioles at the base, which, together with the fibrous peeling bark of the palm tree, will protect the trunk, giving it a characteristic shaggy appearance.


If there is sufficient capacity in the pot, a date at home can occupy the entire available space up to the ceiling, but of course, this will take many years. All palms are single-stemmed plants, so the loss of the top will lead to cessation of growth and its death. This means there is no question of pruning and branching.


When grown in open ground and in their native climate, date palms grow up to 35 meters in height and reach an age of 40 - 50 years. A domestic date is not capable of achieving even a third of such impressive figures. However, with proper care and compliance with the recommended conditions, it is possible to grow your own real desert giant in a pot at home.


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