Do-it-yourself auto irrigation systems. School-automatic-designing. Watering with ready-made components

Perhaps, it is possible to appreciate all the advantages of automatic watering only after its installation. Personally, it seemed to me that it was easy and pleasant to follow the water flowing from the hose. Probably, this is heredity: my great-grandfather carried water to the garden in buckets from the Aksai River and did not dream of anything else.

Lawn, garden (behind the trellis) and trees behind the fence, which we will water

Irrigation types and practical solutions

It just so happens that we all have different needs, preferences and opportunities in organizing irrigation on our own plot. Hence, it is necessary to consider various options so that everyone can choose their own. At the same time, it will not work to create automatic watering on the site with our own hands, if we do not get acquainted with the subject of automation, that is, with the design of ordinary irrigation. Then we will consider the organization of an automatic watering system for a garden, flower garden and lawn using a specific example.

Of course, you can draw dozens of options for schemes, but we will simplify the task and divide the irrigation system into three functional components, by combining which you can create your own unique one. It's very simple, any plant moisture supply system consists of three parts, namely:

water source;
plumbing;
elements of water supply to plants.

The flower garden in the yard is also subject to automatic watering

"Without water and neither here nor there"

So they sang in the Soviet film and it is impossible to refute it. Water sources can be:

central water supply in which there is always water (almost);
water supply of a dacha society, in which water is supplied according to time;
well or well;
pond, lake, river, that is, a natural reservoir;
a container with accumulations of rainfall, drainage water or filled from a water pipe.

Everyone likes clean and warm water

Water - it is water: it would seem, what's the difference? Differences in its purity, volume, temperature and pressure.

In the case when we are dealing with not quite clean water, that is, from a reservoir or container, and we use drip irrigation, you will have to install a special filter. Otherwise, the droppers will quickly become clogged.

The garden wants personal irrigation with warm water

Temperature is also important: many plants do not like cool water. Source cold water- well or well. The problem is solved by natural heating of water in the storage tank. Note that when irrigating at night, the temperature difference between the liquid and plants is noticeably smaller, so this positive factor can be used. Also, when spraying water with small drops, it has time to warm up when in contact with air. This circumstance must be taken into account.

It is desirable to have more water and stronger pressure

Water pressure has ambiguous properties. For example, when using drip irrigation, it should not exceed two atmospheres. Too high pressure is compensated by installing a reducer. On the contrary, when using sprinklers (sprayers) with a retractable part, a water pressure in the system of the order of two atmospheres will be required. You can raise the pressure with an additional pump.

The amount of water supply is also ambiguous. So, when using drip irrigation from the tank, the size of the latter determines the duration of irrigation. If harvested correct amount liquid, the process will end at the right moment, and we will get the simplest automatic system. On the contrary, when installing sprayers, for their normal operation, it will be necessary to measure the water consumption and the number of the latter with the capabilities of the water supply. In the worst case, the sprinklers simply won't work or won't cover the given area.

This capacity will last for a long time, but you need a pump to supply water

Technical solutions for water supply

All options with no plumbing provide for the use of a pumping station or just a pump. Pumping station will provide constant water pressure in the system, but costs money and requires maintenance. It is cheaper to install an ordinary one, for example, drainage or submersible pump and pump water into the container. By the way, the water in the tank will warm up.

The process of turning the pump on and off can be automated with your own hands. To do this, a valve float from an ordinary toilet bowl is installed on the container. The float can control the limit switch. The pump is connected to the switch via a timer. Otherwise, the bounce of the switch contacts will disable the pump.

When filling the container from the country water supply, you can install the mentioned valve from the toilet bowl to the supply line. Thus, the container will be filled with water automatically up to right level during your absence.

TO home plumbing watering is connected through a separate tap with a HDPE 25 pipe

Plumbing is no longer the same

When organizing water supply in the country plastic pipes gradually replaced the metal ones. Probably, this event is comparable to the replacement of wired phones with mobile phones. Such pipes can be delivered to the site in the trunk of a car, mounted without welding or threading, that is, using plastic fittings. Now the plumbing does not rust and can withstand the freezing of water.

The most popular HDPE pipes. For a plot of 6-15 acres, pipes with a diameter of 25-40mm are sufficient. It is important to hide the pipes in the ground so as not to trip over them and not spoil the view of the site. The minimum laying depth is 0.3 m, so as not to damage it with a shovel. At a depth of 1m, they will be protected from freezing.

Variety of elements for delivering water to plants

Water reaches the plants with a hose, sprinkler, drip irrigation method or root watering method. All options have the right to life and are applied depending on specific conditions.

Hose with quick couplings – handy tool for irrigation

Good old watering hoses

Popular economical drip irrigation

Option number 2 - drip irrigation. If the water source is a container, such a system will be automatic: water runs out - watering ends. When powered by a water supply, a pressure reducer is required. For automation, a timer with a valve is required. Of course, there is no getting away from plumbing, faucets and drip tape (or droppers). If water is supplied by a pump, then a pump is also needed. Drip irrigation is very popular and provides minimal water consumption. Good for irrigating vegetables and plants in greenhouses. With your own hands, you can make calibrated holes in the hose and get the simplest drip irrigation. Details about drip irrigation:,

Super Economic Root Irrigation

Option number 3 - subsurface irrigation. This type of irrigation is used in conditions of water austerity. Near the root system, sections of thick pipes with drainage are installed, where water is supplied. In this case, not a single drop of water will be wasted, and the soil will remain loose. This method is used to supply water to grapes and trees.

This atomizer covers different area depending on the position of the faucet handle

artificial rain

Master class on organizing automatic watering with your own hands

We now know enough about watering per se to automate it. Personally, I did not have a clear understanding of the need for such a system at the stage of building a house. However, laying the pipeline system before the arrangement of the paths was enough ingenuity. Since we cannot do without it, we will start with this.

Sketch of the area that we will provide with an irrigation system

Plumbing scheme for irrigation from hoses

The irrigation system consists of a large number of components, so it will be difficult to correctly place all the elements and calculate the necessary materials without a diagram. It is better to do this on a computer using a publicly available program. I worked in Microsoft Power Point. The sketch can also be done on paper. You will need a compass, pencil, eraser and ruler. Of course, it is necessary to take the dimensions of the site and transfer it to the sketch in scale.

Plumbing scheme for watering from a hose

Prior to the arrangement of paving stones, a water supply system was laid from HDPE pipes with a diameter of 25 mm, which is indicated in red on the diagram. The numbers in the drawing indicate the dimensions of the sides of the areas for irrigation. Circles with a radius of 10 m centered at the locations of the cranes demonstrate the possibility of irrigating all vegetation on the site and trees behind the fence.

All connections are made with plastic fittings. It is a pleasure to work with them: docking is fast, simple, reliable. The pipe was laid to a depth of more than 0.5 m, so as not to damage it with a shovel. I tried to carry out laying outside the tracks in order to ensure the possibility of repair and connection of additional lines, if necessary.

Plastic fittings provide fast and reliable connection of HDPE pipes

Three taps with fittings are installed at the end points of the water supply, this was done for a quick-connect hose connection. The site has a noticeable slope, which means that the pipe also lies with a slope. This makes it easy to remove water from the system in the fall. On a flat area, it is quite possible to lay water pipes with a gradual increase in depth from one side of the site to the other.

Hose connection point with tap and quick coupling

Needs and possibilities of automatic irrigation

Subsequently, along with the desire to go on vacation and forget about watering, there was an understanding that a flower garden, lawn, vegetable garden and trees - all of them must be provided with water in different modes.

It was decided that water would continue to be delivered to the trees by means of a hose, as this is rare, it is necessary to control the filling of the holes, and it is expensive to supply water to them.

The hose for watering the trees is connected to a faucet on the lawn that does not interfere with the lawnmower

Designing the actual irrigation system begins with an assessment of water consumption. That is, the possibilities of plumbing must meet the needs of sprayers. To this end, you need to put a bucket of 10 liters in the bath, fully open the tap and record the time of its filling. I got 25 seconds, which corresponds to the consumption of 1.4 m3 of water per hour. When installing the water supply in the house, it turned out that the pressure in the system was about 2.5 atmospheres.

Choosing nozzles for different irrigation zones

Now we choose sprayers. Informed people suggested that one should pay attention to Rain Bird products, as they are widely represented in Russia and have a good price-quality ratio. Sophisticated atomizers are not cheap, so there is a desire to get by the minimum amount. At the same time, the following parameters of sprinklers must meet the needs of the system: operating pressure, water flow, irrigation radius.

These sprinklers are selected for automatic irrigation

As a result, SXB-360-TS-SPYK micro-sprayers were chosen to irrigate the beds. They have a spray sector in the form of a circle with a maximum diameter of 5m. Size working area it is easily adjusted by rotating the head of the device, which means that I can set it up for a bed 1.2m wide and a flower garden area 0.6m wide. The manufacturer does not specify the water flow rate, but the fact that it is connected with a distribution tube for drip irrigation outlets means that I can install dozens of such sprayers in one irrigation zone.

Sprayers in the garden at work

A US-412 sprinkler was chosen to irrigate a 3m wide flower garden (near the fence). Its working pressure of 1.0-2.1 bar corresponds to the parameters of the existing water supply. (Note, 1bar corresponds to 1atm with a slight difference.) The device has a spray radius of 2.7-3.7m, which is consistent with the size of the flower bed. The US-412 water flow parameters are 0.1-1.21 m3/h, which means that I can include several of these sprayers at the same time in a system with a flow rate of 1.4 m3/h. The device has an adjustable irrigation sector, that is, I can set it up for irrigation in the corners with a 90 degree setting and on the side of the flower bed with an angle of 180 degrees. The sprayer has a retractable stem that hides up to the level of the soil from the feet of others.

Sprinkler is set to water the corner of the flower garden

On the example of a flower garden, it became clear that the water consumption of sprayers has a value comparable to the capabilities of a water supply system. That is, automatic watering of the lawn can only be provided by more complex and expensive rotary sprinklers. Devices of this kind do not pour out water in a sector, but in a jet, which sequentially irrigates a given sector when the spray head rotates. As a result, the range of spraying water increases, and the water consumption decreases. Of course, the irrigation time increases. The Rain Bird 3504 rotor has an irrigation radius of 4.6 - 10.7m, which matches the size of the green carpet. Water consumption of 0.12-1.04 m3/hour allows you to install up to 10 such devices. The working pressure of 1.7-3.8 bar also suits me. The retractable part of the device will hide in the grass after closing solenoid valve. Creating a do-it-yourself lawn irrigation system, I settled on Rain Bird 3504 rotary sprayers.

The Rain Bird 3504 rotor goes out of its way and hits the tracks

Autowatering without a sketch is difficult to design

Now almost everything is clear, but again we need a drawing. So, we will repeat it, excluding the previously depicted elements for better readability.

The green circles in the diagram indicate the locations of the valves to control the inclusion of water. To implement an automatic irrigation system on the lawn, two valves are placed in a common box: for supplying water to the grass cover and for supplying water to beds with a flower bed near the trellises. To connect the valves to the controller, which is planned to be placed in the garage, a cable is provided, indicated in the diagram with a black dashed line. The blue color shows a pipeline made of HDPE pipe with a diameter of 25 mm, connecting the valves with the previously laid pipeline and sprinklers. Turquoise color shows a 17mm diameter pipe connecting 14 SXB-360-TS-SPYK nozzles to the corresponding valve.

Scheme of automatic watering of the lawn, flower garden and vegetable garden

As a result, 6 US-412 sprinklers were placed in the flower bed area at the fence to cover the entire area. The automatic lawn irrigation system is provided by six Rain Bird 3504 rotors. They have a minimum irrigation radius of 5m, which guarantees coverage of the entire area of the site with minimal water pressure. The drawing shows that the entire irrigation area lawn grass overlapped at least twice. This approach ensures that the entire area is irrigated when using rotary sprinklers.

Sprayers SXB-360-TS-SPYK have a different diameter of irrigation in the diagram, which provides for their adjustment. Two micro-irrigation taps allow you to additionally control the irrigation zones of 14 sprinklers.

Irrigation controller conveniently placed on the garage wall

Installation of an automatic watering system

Now that we have an irrigation scheme, we can completely determine the list and number of components needed for practical installation. The following list came up:

Name	Quantity	Purpose
STP6PL controller	1 PC.	For control of solenoid valves
Atomizer UniS-400 (With nozzle - UniS - 412)	6 pcs.	For watering a flower garden, complete with nozzle 12 VAN
Nozzle 12 VAN	6 pcs.	For watering a flower garden, complete with UniS-400 sprayer
Rotary Sprayer 3504	6 pcs.	For lawn watering
Spray gun SXB-360-TS-SPYK with self-piercing fitting included	14pcs	For watering beds and a narrow flower garden near the pergola
SPX-FLEX Elbow Pipe		For connecting lawn and flower garden sprayers using flexible bends (as an option)
Union threaded angle SBE-050 1/2"		For connection to 25mm HDPE pipe of UniS-412 atomizers and 3504 rotors
Solenoid valve 100-JTV 1"	2 pcs.	For supplying water to lawn and flower bed sprayers
Starter kit XCZ-075 PRF, 1"	1 PC.	Valve with filter for supplying water to bed sprayers
Drip irrigation hose 17mm	30m	For supplying water to bed sprayers
Rack holder 12-16 mm C12	15pcs	For fixing to the ground pipe 17mm
Distribution tube 4-6mm XQ1000	7m	For connecting SXB-360-TS-SPYK atomizers to a 17mm pipe
Union tee XFD TEE	1 PC.	For piping 17mm
Transition for drip hose 3/4BP	1 PC.	For connecting a 17mm pipe to a 25mm HDPE pipe
End cap 700-CF-22	3 pcs.	For pipe plug 17mm
BF92 micro-irrigation faucet	2 pcs.	To shut off irrigation zones with 17mm hose
Boxing double	1 PC.	For lawn and garden valve and starter kit
Boxing single	1 PC.	For flower bed valve
Fitting for sprinkler area - Saddle 25x1/2BP	7pcs	For connecting sprinklers to a 25mm passing pipe
Corner outlet 25Х1/2"НР	5 pieces.	For connecting sprinklers to a 25mm pipe end
Fitting for solenoid valve coupling 25X1 "HP	3 pcs.	For connecting valves to a 25mm pipe
Collector 2-position	1 PC.	For connection of 2 valves in one box
Tee 252525	4 things..	For distributing HDPE pipes 25mm
PVA cable 2x0.75 sq.mm	60m	For connecting valves to the controller
HDPE pipe diameter 25mm	110m	For plumbing

By and large, guided by the above table, it is already possible to assemble the entire system. Of course, in your particular case there will be a different list. In any case, if you organize automatic watering of the site with your own hands, you can discuss the list of necessary items with the seller in the gardening store and make adjustments. Of course, for this you need to have a sketch of the project.

Irrigation control valve for lawn and garden

Now consider the installation in more detail. First you need to dig trenches for laying pipes. Taking advantage of the fact that no one will dig next to the paths, I did not go deeper than 30 cm. Then I had to cut into the existing water supply with tees 25x25x25 to connect the valves. In a double box, I used a 2-position manifold and 25X1HP couplings to connect the valve and starter kit. For watering on the beds, a starter kit was chosen, that is, a valve with a filter, since the nozzles on the beds are afraid of pollution. The valves and sprayers of the lawn and flower garden are connected by a HDPE 25 pipe.

Irrigation control valve for a flower bed in a single box

When connecting the atomizer to a pipe passing by, I used a saddle 25X1 / 2BP, to connect to the end of the pipe - an angular outlet 25X1 / 2 ″HP. Where the pipe is located deeper than the bottom of the sprinkler, an optional elbow and SPX-FLEX tubing can be used. In this case, an SBE-050 1/2″ fitting-threaded angle is required.

Connecting the sprayer to the end of the pipe

To connect a 17mm garden watering pipe to the valve, I used an adapter for a 3/4VR drip hose. To route the 17mm pipe, an XFD TEE union tee was required. To ensure the possibility of turning off the beds and half of the flower garden, two BF92 micro-irrigation taps were installed at the trellis on a 17mm pipe.

Micro-irrigation taps allow you to turn off part of the irrigation

Then I installed self-piercing micro fittings into the 17mm pipe, which I connected with the XQ1000 transfer cabin to the sprayers on the beds. I did the same on the flower garden near the trellis. I fixed the 17mm tube to the ground with racks-holders 12-16-C12.

The sprinkler is connected with a self-piercing fitting and a pipe

I laid a double stranded double-insulated cable along the pipes and connected the valves to the controller. I had to cut a seam in the paving stones to lay the cable without disassembling the tracks, and then re-seal the gap with a mixture of sand and cement. A few tiles of the walkway still had to be temporarily removed when laying the cable to the garage.

A seam is cut along the red paving stone with a grinder, in which the cable is laid

Connection of power and control wires to the controller was performed according to the instructions. Nothing complicated in electrical installation No. Controller setup turned out to be easier than learning a new one mobile phone although the instructions were only in English. During the test switching on of the equipment, I set the required angle of the irrigation sector for each sprinkler. After checking the entire system, the trenches with pipes were backfilled and the earth was compacted.

Some rules for the operation and maintenance of the automatic irrigation system.

First, set up the system for correct use. The watering start time was set at 4 o'clock in the morning. The water pressure at this time is maximum, and the earth has completely cooled down. To begin with, the automatic watering of the lawn is set within 30 minutes, then the flower garden is irrigated for 20 minutes, then the vegetable garden - for 20 minutes. In the spring I set watering three times a week. In summer, the lawn has to be watered every day.

In the fall, I purge the system with air, since valves and sprinklers do not like ice. To do this, I made an adapter from a fitting for a quick-connect hose connection and a fitting for an automobile wheel. It turned out that small compressor for painting works pays off in three seasons instead of inviting professional "blowers". First, I simply drain the water with a tap, then I pump the plumbing system up to 4 atmospheres with a compressor and turn on the “irrigation”. For several such cycles, all the water flies out through the sprayers. Rate the article:

(5 rated for 4,80 from 5 )

In the dacha community, there are a variety of opinions about what should be the irrigation system in the country, how much water and at what time should be supplied to the beds, to the root zones garden trees, greenhouse crops, flowers and ornamental plants. In all these cases, there are rules and recommendations about the time of watering, the average daily consumption and the method of water supply. The first two factors, as a rule, are selected based on agrotechnical practices, average daily temperatures, the number of sunny days and the severity of climatic realities. Another thing is the arrangement of the irrigation system, it is built according to their own capabilities and features of growing certain crops and plants.

How to choose the method of watering plants

The only thing that the vast majority of summer residents and lovers of organic products, vegetables and fruits agree on is that the garden irrigation system must correspond to the specifics of the plants grown. For example, it is impossible to use the irrigation system for fields and lawns for capricious and whimsical eggplants. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the availability of water reserves, the size of irrigated areas and even the geometric shape of the site.

To provide plants with a sufficient amount of water, several basic irrigation schemes are used:

Sprinkler systems, both manual and mechanized or even automatic. In this case, the flow of water, cut into separate streams, is directed along a hinged path, so that drops of water fall on plants like rain;
Distribution of water in the beds using a system of pipelines, canals and ditches, a system of collectors and tanks. This is the most ancient and proven method in practice. The flow of water, as a rule, does not come into direct contact with the root system of plants, but saturates the soil layers adjacent to the roots with moisture;
The most modern of the existing ones is the drip irrigation method. Spot irrigation provides for precise dosing of liquid that enters the root zone of plants.

Today, drip irrigation systems are used in hot arid climates with limited water resources.

Important! The average capital intensity of drip irrigation is about 3-4 times higher than other methods, therefore, point water supply is resorted to on lean and stony soils. In this case, in addition to water, it is possible to bring to the root system a precisely dosed amount of nutrients, salts and fertilizers.

Drip irrigation works ideally in conditions where water is either not enough or cannot be used in large quantities, for example, when the air is excessively humid and warm in greenhouse and greenhouse conditions.

How to water in greenhouses

A closed, and often isolated greenhouse room imposes its own characteristics on the way water is supplied to the plants. The greenhouse irrigation system is chosen depending on the purpose and method of growing plants:

Dosed drip feed water is used for plants and crops grown and fruiting in greenhouse conditions. In this case, all irrigation equipment is controlled by automation or a self-watering mechanism. To a large extent, spot irrigation makes it possible to protect plants, for example, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, from possible damage by infectious diseases, acid rain, pests, including those present in the soil and in water;
With the help of a streaming sprinkler method of water supply, a significant amount of moisture is produced in a relatively short period of time. Typically, large greenhouses are equipped with such irrigation systems, in which seedlings are grown, intended for planting in the ground;
It is clear that sprinkler irrigation systems are used to grow seedlings mass cultures, for which point water supply is not applicable due to the large areas of beds and structural features of crops. In this case, plant seedlings are deliberately accustomed to periodic moistening by vertical water flows. It is in this way that plants will be watered after planting in open ground.

In addition, seedlings are always grown in portable soil boxes, disposable pots, bags in very dense plantings, on which it is difficult and expensive to install a drip irrigation system, and this is useless if the plant goes to the beds in three to four weeks. Another thing is if vegetable crops are held in a greenhouse full cycle growth, vegetation and fruiting. In this case, there is practically no alternative to drip irrigation systems.

DIY greenhouse watering

You can assemble the simplest version of an irrigation system for a greenhouse with your own hands from a dozen polypropylene water pipes soldered into several longitudinal threads of the water pipe. Each thread is equipped with 3-5 centrifugal water sprayers similar to those used in backpack or balloon sprayers. Irrigation lines are installed under the ceiling of the greenhouse and connected to an underwater main with little powerful pump.

Here, in the greenhouse, a container is installed for several hundred liters of water. The electric timer is taken out of the greenhouse and installed at the point where the power cord of the pump is connected to the power supply line.

Important! It is clear that it is necessary to correctly calculate the operating time of the irrigation system and the point of switching off the electric pump by the timer before the water tank is completely empty.

The use of centrifugal atomizers will make it possible to obtain a mist from finely dispersed water droplets that will settle on plants and perfectly moisten the surface without any negative consequences. Such an irrigation system for a greenhouse will provide the most efficient irrigation with microdroplets of water, regardless of what exactly will be grown - seedlings or fruiting plants.

Of course, if it is planned to grow vegetables, for example, tomatoes or early cucumbers, in addition to the irrigation system, it will be necessary to make larger products to ensure normal air flow and removal of excess water. In early spring drip irrigation warm water will protect the greenhouse industry from severe frosts, and in the period of July-August from acid rain and pest invasion.

What to choose for a summer residence

Oddly enough, but the organization of watering beds, shrubs, plants and trees in a summer cottage has always been and remains one of the most difficult and time-consuming tasks. It takes a lot of effort to ensure the supply of water to plants in right time days and in the required amount. At the same time, for shrubs, mature trees and beds, water must be supplied in completely different modes. Therefore, you have to combine and assemble an individual irrigation system with your own hands:

For trees, drip or channel irrigation is used, the system is designed to supply water for 2-4 hours in the evening;
For shrubs, seedlings and young trees, the use of channel irrigation systems is recommended;
Seedlings, strawberries, lingonberries, cucumbers, eggplants, onions, carrots are watered in a canal way. For tomatoes, young shrubs, it is recommended to use drip irrigation systems;
Perennial grasses, potatoes, pumpkins, zucchini, any plantations with dense plant mass can be flooded with water by sprinkler systems, provided correct selection dissecting nozzles.

It is often necessary to resort to drip irrigation because of the high sensitivity of plants to various bacterial and viral forms of diseases. In this case, the irrigation system allows you to avoid getting water on the leaves, respectively, reduce the risk of disease. No matter how carefully the water is prepared and filtered, excessive wetting of the leaves always causes powdery mildew or phytophthora.

Open watering systems for plants

The choice of a specific irrigation system for your own plot in 90% of cases depends on the growing conditions of plants. For proper organization water supply and plant nutrition, three main factors must be considered:

Farmers, seasoned gardeners, and seasoned gardeners with tens to hundreds of acres often use towed systems to irrigate their fields. It is possible to provide water for seedlings, vegetable crops, onions, peas, beans in an area of 800-1000 m 2 only with the help of a special mobile sprinkler system.

Structurally, such a system is a trailer for a mini-tractor, on which a frame with installed sprinklers is fixed. The water flow is supplied by a flexible hose laid along the track. During the movement, irrigation is carried out with a strip of at least 10 m wide. The water pump is driven by the tractor engine.

For your information! The inconvenience and complexity of using such structures lies in the fact that a person has to directly participate in the irrigation process. On average, one watering of 100 m2 requires at least one hour of time.

Despite the primitiveness and extreme simplicity, in fact, this is the most effective method watering in such conditions, especially if, in addition to irrigation, it is necessary to carry out top dressing, protection from weeds and pests, plowing beds and annual plowing of the land. It is clear that such irrigation systems are used only in conditions of unlimited water supplies, for example, from the nearest river or pond.

Sprinkler installations for summer residents

Majority summer cottages due to their location, size and layout, they are not suitable for irrigation with towed installations, it is easier and more reliable to install several portable water spraying and spraying installations on 6-10 hundredths of the land. The efficiency of such irrigation systems is lower than that of drip structures, but the simplicity and reliability of irrigation equipment made raincoats and sprinklers, or, as they are also called, sprinklers, the most popular with an ordinary summer resident or gardener.

Irrigation system options:

More powerful pivots are a design that resembles a fire hose mounted on a steel support with a circular hinge. An aluminum cheek or blade with a counterweight is installed on the side surface of the metal barrel. Under the action of the counterweight, the blade rotates, falls under the pressure of the water jet and is thrown to the side. As a result, the irrigation trunk rotates through a small angle of 1-2 degrees. For 12 hours of continuous irrigation, the irrigation system turns to 180-270 o and covers an area of 150-200 m 2 .

The operation of the irrigation system does not require constant human intervention. It is enough to set the automatic shutdown of the electric pump and ensure the proper functioning of the water intake in the well or the nearest water source.

An example of an effective scheme for country watering

An example of the most sophisticated and fully functional sprinkler system is the Gardena irrigation system. Today, the installation includes more than a dozen special devices and mechanisms that ensure efficient water supply, both by sprinkling and dripping.

What is her secret? In versatility and high adaptability of water supply to any conditions. The irrigation system includes:

Powerful and at the same time light vortex pump capable of taking water from a depth of up to 5 m without immersion in a well;
A set of hoses of various diameters and lengths with connectors, splitters and adapters. In 15-20 minutes, a system up to 100 m long can be assembled from hoses;
System of tips and sprays of water;
Electronic devices for dosing water and fixing the irrigation time;
Water tapes and drippers - tips for organizing spot irrigation.

In fact, this is a kind of constructor for adults, which allows you to assemble an irrigation system of any complexity and power.

Channel irrigation systems

Somewhat forgotten channel irrigation systems are now getting a chance to regain popularity. This scheme uses the features of the terrain, the flow of rainwater flowing down from the territories and areas located higher up the slope is collected in a long and wide mini-pool. From there, along channels dug in the ground and lined with concrete, the flow of water is directed to beds, shrubs, and trees.

As a watering timer for gravity systems, a simple device is used from a pair of plastic bottles mounted on a swinging chute. As the water is used up, the float lowers and the chute, through which the excess water from the pool overflows, stops the supply of moisture to the channel system.

To reduce water loss, in the hot season, the channels are covered with gratings knocked down from a slab or a wooden plank. A simple system of aqueducts in the manner of Roman water pipelines is now wildly popular in suburban and suburban areas. Although, in addition to the fashion for a new landscape element, the aqueduct has very real advantages:

Absolute independence of the irrigation system from the presence of electricity on the site and the proper operation of automation;
Very simple circuit regulation of water supply by means of scraper dampers. In the same way, excess water in the pool during rain is switched to rain drainage channels;
Efficient use of water that rivals drip irrigation, without the risk of increasing weeds in the beds due to thoughtless water spills, as is the case with sprinklers;
Work resource channel system irrigation, built according to all the rules, will easily exceed 40-50 years, and when lining aqueducts with sandstone, the service life can be doubled or tripled. Some villages still have a garden watering system built over 150 years ago from fired tiles.

The channel irrigation system has one drawback - for the effective use of water, the gardener has to directly participate in the distribution of water flowing from the channel along the beds. As a rule, due to the skillful overlap and redirection of the flow, it is possible to water beds and trees without interference even in the most hellish heat.

Most of the water enters the underground layers of the soil along the periphery of the root system of plants, the upper loosened layer remains almost dry. When mulching, the material remains in working condition for almost the entire season. In the same way, you can water gooseberries, currants, seedlings and even mature trees without creating swamps and weeds on the site.

There is a more modern channel irrigation system, in which, instead of channels, perforated polyethylene pipes, with a diameter of 50 mm. Such a gravity irrigation system no longer requires the presence of a person, but is sensitive to clogging of holes in the walls. Sometimes the pipes are wrapped with plaster plastic mesh and geotextiles, but still regularly, once a season, the irrigation system has to be washed with a stream of water high pressure.

by the most beautiful option is the use of a gravity channel irrigation system with water intake from a well based on a windmill. To fill the pool with a daily supply of water, a tower 4 m high with a paddle wheel span of up to 2 m is sufficient. A gentle wind of 4-5 m / s allows you to raise water from a depth of up to 4 m with a flow rate of 150-200 l / h. This is enough to water the beds on 2-3 acres of the garden.

Drip or spot irrigation systems

The organization of drip irrigation at their summer cottage allows, as they say, to get by with "little blood". For example, if spring-summer were not too dry, then it is quite possible to use the stored rain water, but this will require building an entire plantation from a film to collect rainfall.

Typical device for spot irrigation of a summer cottage

A point or drip water supply makes it possible to manage by an order of magnitude less moisture, only due to its correct supply to the roots of plants. It is clear that top scores can be obtained subject to the use of branded components and assemblies.

In the simplest case, a domestic Zhuk irrigation system is bought for $120-160, which is customized according to the size and characteristics of your site. The “dropper” includes a set of tape hoses, a main conduit, a lot of tees and 20 pieces of droppers. This is enough to water and feed one tomato plantation of 20 bushes.

From several sets of Zhuk, you can power the entire summer cottage, but you will need to additionally acquire an automation system, a pump and a water tank, since they are not included in the kit.

For country houses with a large lawn, a huge vineyard, a garden and a vegetable garden, you can buy an American Hunter irrigation system. In this design, automation is abundant, there are humidity sensors, there is a timer and an automatic irrigation control, and even systems that monitor air humidity, solar radiation and evaporation.

All parts of Hunter, from containers to dividers and solenoid valves, are made of impact-resistant polypropylene. He is not afraid of temperature changes, frost, clogging. Hunter's service life is almost two decades. The cost of an irrigation system depends on the area to be irrigated. For an irrigated area of 1 hundredth, you will have to pay almost 700 dollars, for 11 hundredths - only 1,500 dollars. The larger the cottage, the lower the cost of irrigation with a one-hundredth system.

The advantages of the system include its high autonomy. For example, you can leave the garden in the country for a week and not worry that the vegetation will die due to lack of water in the irrigation system.

Hunter is ideal for very large plantations where automated control of watering and plant nutrition is required, in small gardens it is easiest to water manually or using the Zhuk system.

What is better from droppers

Despite the obvious technological gap between the Zhuk and Hunter, the demand for the simplest drip irrigation systems is much higher than for the automated version. There is a perfectly reasonable explanation for this. During the vegetable garden season, it is not so much an automated, but a reliable water supply that is required. Any drip irrigation system is unusually sensitive to water quality.

The more suspension and clay particles, the stronger and more often they clog thin holes shooter in the system. Water has to be defended and passed through sand filters, but still salts and clay microparticles clog irrigation equipment.

Despite some distrust on the part of gardeners, drip irrigation systems are ideal for watering shrubs and garden trees. In the summer, the roots need water in small quantities, but constantly. This allows, in addition to the influx of nutrients to the root zones, to provide high humidity in the crown of a tree or shrub. As a result, plantings easily survive even the hottest weather and drought. Sprinkler irrigation systems in this regard are much less effective.

For spot irrigation, a small overpressure in 1.5-2at at the inlet and 0.5at in the working line. In some cases, the point irrigation system works successfully without any pump, it is enough to raise the water supply tank to a height of 4-5 m above the ground level.

Individual plant watering options

Droppers have several small but significant drawbacks, namely, moisture is supplied to the roots of plants at almost one point. For the system itself, this does not matter, since capillary forces "stretch" irrigation moisture over an area of 4-6 cm. Plants suffer first of all - a wet spot on the roots becomes the main source of disease.

For example, after the work of the sprinkling irrigation system, the upper leaves of tomatoes, eggplants, strawberries, cucumbers, shrubs remain wet for a maximum of 30-50 minutes. Even if some microflora is present in the water droplets, the sun and wind remove and destroy most of the pathogens. In spot irrigation, everything is different - wet soil and shading create conditions for decay of the upper part of the root mass.

Therefore, spot irrigation is often supplemented with individual irrigation systems. What it is? Structurally, these are individual containers mounted on racks or wooden planks next to the plant. Usually it is a plastic bottle with a cut off bottom and a hole in the cork. A solution with top dressing or fertilizers that the crop needs is poured into the liter capacity of the irrigation system.

The most advanced and sophisticated irrigation systems provide water supply to the root system using an underground tank with perforated walls. Usually, when planting seedlings, an empty plastic bottle with holes in the side wall is buried in an upright position next to the plant. It is enough to make 2-3 rows of holes from the side of the plant with a nail. So that the irrigation system is not contaminated with liquid soil, sometimes the bottle is put on an old nylon stocking or sock. This is not difficult to do, especially since there is always plenty of material for a home-made irrigation system.

At the first stages, while the seedlings take root in the garden, do not add to the bottle every two days. a large number of water but no fertilizer. After the seedlings begin to grow, they add top dressing and after a couple of weeks they transfer to a drip irrigation system. The cap is removed from the bottle and left open. Such an irrigation system begins to work as ventilation pipe, providing a constant flow of air and removal of excess moisture.

At the fruiting stage of tomatoes and eggplants, the dug-in bottles are simply connected through a cork to an additional tape conduit from drip irrigation. This is easiest done with a needle from a blood transfusion system. As a result of a modified watering system, plants receive sufficient moisture even in the driest periods of summer.

In approximately the same way, you can organize the watering of shrubs and garden trees. To do this, 3-5 bottles are buried in the root system, through which most of the water gets under the rhizomes. But it is worth remembering that in the summer, shrubs and trees receive most of the moisture through the crown, therefore, such a design is not able to completely replace the sprinkling or drip-point irrigation system.

Conclusion

Watering garden and horticultural crops has always been and remains a difficult task that requires accuracy and patience, so it makes sense to shift most of the work to sprinkler and drip installations. A complete transition to automatic irrigation systems today is possible only in greenhouses and greenhouses, where it is critical. For the entire suburban area, the use is completely automated systems irrigation is still quite expensive. And most importantly, water supply systems do not provide adequate reliability. One accident in summer heat can cause the death of the entire crop.

The success of growing vegetables and fruits on the plot of land will directly depend on the provision of planting proper care. The gardener needs to manually irrigate the beds or set up automatic watering, which will make it somewhat easier to care for the garden by growing moisture-loving vegetables and fruits on the beds. You can use both purchased automatic watering systems, and make them yourself.

Technology Description

Initially, automatic irrigation systems were used only on large farms, but today, with the improvement of technology, household installations have appeared that are simple in design and are offered to customers at affordable prices. Under irrigation systems, it is customary to understand a technological complex that provides regular and uniform irrigation of beds with water. It can be relatively simple designs, which are equipped with only one powerful pump and an electric timer, as well as fully automated installations, which are responsible for the operation of modern computers.

The standard design of automatic watering will include the following elements:

Water pump.
The controller that controls the operation of the equipment.
Hose system.
Faucets and drippers.

Even the simplest system, which consists of a supply pump and control automation, can be configured in such a way that irrigation is turned on at a strictly defined time, and knowing the performance of the pumps, it will be possible to calculate the volume of water used to irrigate the beds up to a liter. Such a system will not require any subsequent maintenance, and if necessary, the gardener can make appropriate adjustments, depending on the weather in the yard and the condition of the plants in the beds.

Advantages and disadvantages of automatic watering

The popularity of automatic irrigation systems is largely due to the versatility of such structures, their ease of operation, reliability and durability.

Gardeners greatly simplify their care of the beds, they do not need to come to the dacha every two or three days and water the garden.

The advantages of the technology include the following:

Ease of operation.
Full autonomy of work.
The ability to adjust the intensity and frequency of watering.
"Advanced" systems have built-in rain sensors, which allows them to adjust to the weather.
Durability of operation.
Affordable cost.

On sale in gardening stores can be found relatively simple options, in which there are even no water pumps, and water flows to the beds by gravity through a pipe system and installed at a low height plastic tank. You can also purchase and install branched systems that can be used simultaneously for irrigating beds and watering the lawn.

Varieties of automatic irrigation

Due to its affordable cost and functionality, automatic watering of the garden has gained popularity in the domestic market today and is used with equal success by both summer residents and owners of private houses who equip a natural lawn on their backyard territory.

The following automatic irrigation systems have become widespread:

Sprinkler.
Drip.
Combined.

The use of sprinkler irrigation systems allows you to simulate raindrops, which has a positive effect on the condition of plants, improving their growth and subsequent yields. The basis of such a system are special sprayers that spray water in small drops. It is only necessary to properly plan the design, set up automation and subsequently make certain adjustments to the operation of the equipment.

Drip systems will become great option for beds where vegetables and fruits are grown with powerful mother plants and branched root system at plantings. The gardener gets the opportunity to bring drip irrigation directly to the roots and trunk of plants, which, in turn, saves water consumption, ensuring proper irrigation of plantings.

Irrigation arrangement

One of the conditions for laying a completely autonomous irrigation system will be the presence of water supply. If there is none in the country house or in a private house, then any container can be used as a source of water, which is located at a height of at least one and a half meters above the ground. It is recommended to use opaque plastic containers, the volume of which is chosen depending on required amount water for weekly irrigation of beds.

To equip drip irrigation in the country, you will need:

Automatic controller.
Pressure regulator.
Drip tape.
Fittings and distribution pipe.

The drip tape used can be made of a thin-walled PVC pipe. Also in gardening stores you can buy ready-made drip tapes, which are made of soft plastic, cross-linked polypropylene or other similar materials.

WITH inside drip tape at an equal distance, small droppers are installed, which are directly responsible for supplying water to the grown plants. The size of the intervals between droppers is calculated based on the scheme for planting vegetables and fruits in the beds.

A pressure regulator will be required in cases where a central water supply is used as a source of water supply. Power surges can often occur in the water supply system, which can adversely affect the condition of the drip tape and the integrity of the supply pipe.

Selecting a controller, which is an electronic unit automatic control the operation of the entire system will depend directly on the branching of automatic irrigation and the financial capabilities of the gardener. You can choose a fully automated design, which is equipped with various additional sensors, is versatile and functional in use, and in the case of an economy option, you can buy a conventional electric timer, which, according to the established program, will supply voltage to the pump used.

Distribution pipes are used in cases where several beds are irrigated at once and it is required to provide an irrigation regime for those grown on garden plot vegetable crops. To make such a distributing pipe, ordinary plastic plumbing is used, the diameter of which must be at least 32 millimeters.

All connections of pipes and drip tape must be sealed. You will need to use appropriate plastic or metal-plastic fittings that are easy to use. Preferably perform collapsible connection, which, if necessary, will allow you to make adjustments and improve the irrigation system used.

Assembly of components

Despite the apparent complexity of such an automatic drip irrigation system, every gardener can handle its assembly.

The sequence of actions when assembling drip irrigation will be as follows:

When assembling drip irrigation and installing pipes, it is necessary to monitor the horizontal position of their location underground. Any slope can adversely affect the movement of the liquid, the efficiency of the irrigation performed will decrease, and as a result, the installation will have to be carried out again.

Use of industrial installations

If until recently industrial installations automatic irrigation had a high cost, today on sale you can find the simplest options that are versatile and functional in use, offered to customers at affordable prices. All that needs to be done is to purchase and install the system in the country, providing proper watering beds.

The advantage of using purchased automatic irrigation systems is the quality of their manufacture, as well as the possibility of subsequent modernization and improvement of the entire structure, which allows you to additionally mount various controllers and sensors or increase the total area of the pipeline, connecting more and more beds to the system on the site.

Watering rates and times

When using a drip irrigation system for beds, the required amount of water is significantly reduced. The gardener will need to correctly calculate the irrigation rates, starting from the moisture-loving nature of certain plants, the condition of the soil and a number of other factors. If, with manual irrigation, each plant will leave about a bucket of water, then with drip irrigation, the consumption rate is reduced to 2-3 liters.

The gardener will need to monitor the condition of the plants and the general soil moisture and, based on the data obtained, make adjustments by increasing or decreasing the amount of water supplied to horticultural crops.

The use of an automatic irrigation system will allow summer residents and gardeners to significantly simplify the care of vegetables and fruits cultivated on the site. You can purchase both ready-made irrigation systems, and make them yourself, which will reduce costs. It will be necessary to correctly select the components used and subsequently perform a competent installation of the system, which will operate in a fully automatic mode, carrying out high-quality irrigation of the beds and lawns near the house.

Drip irrigation is a method when water is dispensed in small portions, evenly, constantly and in the right place. Typically, this method involves moistening the root system of the plant and nearby soil. Not a single drop of water is wasted, and the plants do not dry out and do not rot from overflow.

To install the system, you will need pipes or plastic bottles. Choose for yourself what is more convenient and easier. But usually the bottle method is chosen for small gardens with crops that are recommended for root watering. For a large area with a variety of plants, it is better to use pipes.

General requirements for all gardens - should be located in parallel, and the plants - close to each other.

The choice of a mechanical or automatic system is a matter of personal taste and material possibilities.

How to make a drip irrigation system in the country from pipes

For automatic pipe irrigation, you will need a water tank, a large PVC pipe, several thin polyethylene pipes with a diameter of 10-15 mm (depending on the number of beds), nozzles ( plastic elements droppers), as well as plugs for thin pipes. PVC and plastic can withstand high and low temperatures, so they are ideal for watering and irrigation systems for the garden.

Lay a large pipe perpendicular to the beds, connect it to the water tank by drilling a hole just above the bottom. Make holes in the "main" itself according to the number of thin pipes. Lay thin pipes between the beds parallel to each other, cut and bring them on one side to the "main" using fittings, and close the other end with a plug.

Now you need to drill holes in thin pipes - according to the number of plants. Water from the country "water supply" will flow to the roots of plants through the plastic elements of droppers. Thin plastic pipes can be replaced with a special drip tape or a rigid hose, and it is better to make holes with a red-hot awl.

If you do not want to clean the pipes too often, install a filter in the tank that pre-purifies the water from dirt and sand. Before starting the irrigation system, remove the plugs and run water through the pipes. So you can see all the shortcomings of the system and correct them in time.

Do-it-yourself watering system in the country from plastic bottles

Photo from the site: https://samodelino.ru

Evgeny Ukhtomsky

Experienced gardener

“This is also a drip design, however, it is much simpler - from ordinary plastic bottles that can be hung upside down over the beds or dug into the ground. The bottles are fixed on a frame made of timber and wire with twine stretched through the holes. In the lid, several punctures should be made with a red-hot needle. Adjust the system so that drops do not fall on the leaves, otherwise there will be a burn. In my experience, liter bottle enough for five days, so if you're away for 10-15 days, use 3-6 liter bottles."

To organize a root system for watering the garden, you will need a 1.5 liter bottle. Just pierce the bottle in several places and bury it in the ground to the depth of the length of the roots of the plants. Pour water into a bottle, and it will ooze drop by drop, irrigating the ground. One bottle is usually enough for 3-4 days. You can bury the bottle upside down. In this case, you will have to cut off the bottom of the container, and put special dispensers for root watering on the neck.

How to organize a rainwater irrigation system in the country

The rain garden irrigation method refers to the automatic watering method. It imitates natural precipitation, and such a system has its advantages. With rain watering, not only the root soil is irrigated, but also its upper layer which reduces the evaporation of moisture from the earth's surface. Plants are naturally cleaned of dust and dirt, which improves their growth and increases yields. In addition, at correct installation these structures are visually invisible.

For a rain irrigation system, you need to purchase special sprinklers that are available in different types. Rotary designs have a rotating head that sprays water within a radius of 30 meters. Fan sprinklers do not rotate and are able to water the ground at a distance of 18 meters. They are less convenient and have a higher water consumption.

To install a rain irrigation system, you need to dig trenches, lay pipes, install sprinklers and connect the entire system through a programmable controller to a water tank that is connected to a well or water supply. They can only do it by hand experienced gardeners who know how to work with technology. In all other cases, it is better to call specialists. It would also be nice to connect a soil moisture sensor, which will block the operation of the system during rain.

Underground Garden Irrigation System

This method of irrigation resembles drip irrigation, only the pipes do not run on the surface of the earth, but directly in the soil. Previously, such a system was very complex and was used only on a large scale, for example, on state farm fields. Now, thanks to the appearance of polyethylene pipes, subsurface irrigation has become.

Igor Popovtsev

garden engineer

“The essence of this system is that water is supplied directly to the roots of plants through tubes with holes. Since the pipes are laid at a sufficient depth, the upper part of the soil is not moistened, so a crust does not form on it. This means that it is not required to additionally loosen the ground and remove weeds, because for the germination of their seeds, moisture on the surface will obviously not be enough. To install such a system, you will need polyethylene tubes up to 4 cm in diameter, in which round holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm must be made at a distance of 20-40 cm. Pipes are laid in the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm at a distance of 40-90 cm from each other. The distance between humidifiers is determined by how often you need to water the garden - pipes can be laid more often on strawberry beds, and in apple orchard there is no such need."

Lay humidifiers on tapes polyethylene film to prevent moisture loss. The underground irrigation system is designed as follows: a hose is laid from a barrel of water to an irrigation tank, which is installed directly into the ground. The tank must be equipped with a water dispenser to regulate its supply to the roots of plants. Polyethylene pipes supplying moisture to the soil are connected to this tank.

The area near the house is a vegetable garden, a greenhouse, a garden, a flower bed or a greenhouse, caring for it constantly takes a lot of time and effort. Most modern inventions are designed to make life easier for people. In the hot season, watering takes a lot of energy, this procedure requires daily repetition. Do-it-yourself automatic watering in the country will greatly simplify the process of caring for your site, and the result will be much better: water consumption will be significantly reduced, while appearance plants and yields will be much better.

Before you start creating an automatic irrigation system yourself, you should pay attention to the fact that there are three different types designs of this miracle of engineering. Despite the similarities in operation and minor differences in the device, they are still quite different and designed for different purposes. Let's consider the question of what is intended for, and how to make automatic watering with your own hands.

The automatic irrigation system can be of three types:

Rain or surface watering. This system is the most common type of irrigation. Special nozzles connected to pipelines spray water in the form of raindrops. This is enough effective method watering, but it is not suitable for every species cultivated plants- Most vegetable crops require only root watering. Therefore, this type of irrigation is used only for lawns, berry fields, flower beds and other areas with vegetation that is not picky about the type of irrigation.
Drip irrigation system. The main advantage of such a system is its efficiency - the liquid is supplied to each plant through special capillary pipelines drop by drop. The supply is carried out continuously day and night, thanks to this, water resources are also saved, and effective irrigation is carried out. This system is used directly for fruit and berry plants; it is ineffective to use this system for watering flower beds and lawns.
Intrasoil irrigation of the site. This method is one of the varieties of drip irrigation, as well as in the one described above, it uses a dosed, but constant supply of water into the soil. It is advisable to use this system for watering long-term areas such as tennis courts, football fields, rolled lawns, which are used by people for constant movement on them. One of the main advantages of this system is that its parts are hidden inside the soil. In summer cottages, such a system is practically not used.

Most often, cottages use a combined irrigation system, which combines rain and drip scheme- this applies to professional engineering structures of this type. Do-it-yourself automatic irrigation system is almost always a simplified version of a drip or rain irrigation system.

DIY irrigation system development

Automatic watering gardening with your own hands is not difficult to organize. First you need to take a site plan to scale. In case of its absence, it must be drawn on a graph paper, or on a large piece of paper in a cage. Put on paper all large plants, beds and buildings.

Configuration development. On the plan, mark the location of the water source and irrigation zones. Along the way, you need to draw a walkthrough main pipeline. In the event that you plan to spray with sprinklers, you need to draw their areas of action. They should intersect with each other and there should not be unwatered areas.

In the case when the plants are planted in rows, it would be more expedient to use drip irrigation: the cost of equipment and water consumption are much less. During the development of a drip irrigation scheme, the number of irrigation lines depends on the distance between the rows. In the case when the row spacing is more than 40 cm, one line is required for each. If the distance between the rows is less than 40 cm, watering is obtained by one line less.

After drawing all the sections, you need to determine the length of the required pipelines, you need to calculate how many and what water distribution points you have, determine the equipment - the number of hoses, tees, sprinklers, droppers and pipes. Is a gearbox and pump required, is a container required, and what kind of automation will be in what place. After the counting step necessary materials and the design of the system on paper is completed, you can proceed with the installation. An irrigation system that was designed on paper is starting to come to life on your site.

Construction. First, what you need to decide is the laying of pipes. There are two ways to lay the pipeline: bury it in a trench or lay it on top. In the country, they are usually laid on top, since here the watering is seasonal and in the fall the entire system is dismantled. With rare exceptions, the system in the country is left non-separable, if the system withstands low temperatures, it can simply be broken or stolen by ill-wishers.

Automatic irrigation system for the house permanent residence they try to make it as less noticeable as possible, so the pipes are buried. In this case, trenches of at least 30 cm are dug. This depth is optimal in order not to damage the pipes during earthworks. It is only necessary to remember that all equipment remaining for the winter must endure low temperatures.

From main water pipelines branches for irrigation. All connections and knots are best done in hatches with covers: since leaks most often occur in joints and tees. To search for a leak, digging a trench is not the most pleasant experience, and when access to problem areas is facilitated, system maintenance is greatly facilitated.

At the last stage, depending on the chosen method of irrigation, water distribution devices are mounted in the hoses, everything is connected and checked.

Accessories. All piping in the area is made of polymer pipes. Pipes from this material do not react to most fertilizers, are resistant to corrosion, reliable and easy to install (they do not require any equipment for installation). The most popular pipes are HDPE (polyethylene low pressure). To all the advantages described above, it is worth adding UV resistance: they can be laid on the surface. You can also use LDPE (high pressure polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride, but this material is afraid of ultraviolet radiation) and PPR (polypropylene, the disadvantage of this material is that its connection must be carried out by welding and excludes the possibility of dismantling).

For an automatic irrigation system for a dacha, garden, or greenhouse, they mainly take a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm. If a large number of beds are to be irrigated, it is recommended to take a pipe with a diameter of up to 40 mm.

HDPE pipes are assembled using compression fittings (with gaskets on the threads). Pipes made of this material are able to withstand the pressure in the water supply high-rise building, so that the pressure for watering the site will withstand without problems. The advantage is that at the end of the season they can be dismantled, and the following year they can be assembled and operated again.

In the event that the choice fell on drip irrigation, drip hoses or tapes should be connected to the main, ordinary droppers can be attached to the hoses (a hole is made and a device is inserted into it small size). Sprinklers are mounted for rain irrigation. They come in different structures and are able to cover zones different sizes and shapes - rectangular, round, sectors. The do-it-yourself lawn irrigation system is also easy to install.

Irrigation system works

When the plan for automatic watering in the country is ready, you need to transfer it to the site.

DIY drip irrigation system

Drip irrigation in the country can be arranged as follows:

You need to take a large number of bottles of 1.5-2 liters. If the system will irrigate moisture-loving plants, a larger container will be required.
At a distance of 3 cm from the bottom, several holes are made on the walls with a nail.
Bury the bottles upside down between plants at a depth of 10-15 cm.
If necessary, add water through the neck.

These lawn and garden sprinklers save resources and provide the soil with enough moisture.

How to make watering more high level on one's own? At a minimum, engineering skills and experience with tools will be required. If you know how to calculate the working pressure, you can dig trenches under right angle tilt, install pipes, connect them, set a timer, filters, etc., then it’s worth getting to work. Otherwise, it is better to trust professionals.

Rain automatic watering system for the garden and cottages

Installation of this watering irrigation system will not cause much trouble in implementation. Installation steps:

The irrigation hose must be replaced with a piping network covering the entire household plot, vegetable garden or greenhouse.
Install nozzles at the ends of the dead-end pipeline. Various models can be found at the hardware store.
Replace the standard water tap with an automatic valve. Equip the device with an on timer.

Intrasoil irrigation system for summer cottages

It is quite difficult to implement this irrigation system on your own. For simple description the scheme will need something like this plan:

It is necessary to make trenches 20-30 cm deep with a distance between them of 40-90 cm.
Lay polyethylene porous pipes in the trenches through which water will seep.
To prevent water from going deep, tapes are laid under the pipes.
For automatic operation system, a solenoid valve/precipitation sensors/drain valve must be installed.

Independent creation of an automatic irrigation system in the country is a rather difficult task. Careful attention is required, the creation of a scheme, the organization of water supply and, if possible, the connection of automatic control. You can turn to specialists for help, but it is quite possible to independently assemble an automatic irrigation system. You just need to think carefully about the functionality. A wide choose materials on the modern market will allow you to design an automatic irrigation system suitable for your site.