The simplest do-it-yourself bench with a back. Do-it-yourself garden bench made of wood: drawings. DIY garden benches made of metal and wood

Each household plot should have several benches and benches with backs, so that in good weather you can relax on the street, sit under the gentle sun and just take a break from working in the garden. You can buy such a wooden or metal bench, or you can just make it yourself. In this article, we will look at what types of benches are and how you can make one of them yourself, having all the necessary tools and materials at hand.

How are the views

There is a bench with a back a large number of and every owner country house or a dacha chooses for himself the option that is most suitable for his exterior personal plot.

Benches are very different depending on their scope.

• Ordinary benches with a back are suitable for any personal plot and fit perfectly into the exterior of the yard. They are comfortable and very practical, as they have simple design and unpretentious in their appearance. Suitable for installation near the house, in the gazebo, near the pond, etc. They can be made of wood, metal, stone, and also be combined (wood and metal, wood and stone, wood and brick, plastic and other building materials).
• Corner benches will look great where you can’t put an ordinary large bench with a back. They can be placed in the corners of the gazebo, in the gardens, as well as in any convenient place on the plot. Such benches can be metal, wooden, stone and combined.
• Ordinary backless benches can be installed anywhere, as they are versatile and comfortable enough for any country house. They can be easily made by hand, as they are made according to the most common standard drawing of a classic type.
• Oval, round or semicircular benches with or without a back will look great in the center of the same round gazebo, in the center of the garden or anywhere else, where they will create an aesthetic exterior for the entire backyard, and also perform their direct functions. Also, in the center of a round bench, a tree, a green bush can grow, a beautiful flower bed can bloom, or even a children's sandbox can be located. It all depends on the imagination of the master and the functional needs of the owners of a country house or cottage. They can be made of wood, metal, stone, as well as in a combined form from various compatible friend with other natural materials.

Photo gallery: do-it-yourself garden benches with a wooden back - types and designs

Wooden bench with metal legs for the garden Wooden bench with wrought iron legs for the garden Corner wooden bench with brick support Semicircular wooden bench on a brick support Bench from a wooden beam for a garden with a back Decorative wooden garden bench with flower box supports Classic wooden garden bench with rails and backrest Round wooden bench with backrest for the garden The original bench from a solid log for the garden Wooden bench on wooden supports natural stones for home garden Wooden bench with concrete supports in the form of flower beds wooden bench with wooden poles as flower beds Wooden bench with wicker back for the garden Stone design bench for the garden Square wooden garden benches

Preparatory stage: drawings, dimensions, angle of inclination

Before you start making a bench for your backyard from any type of material, you need to take all measurements and draw up precise drawing future design. This is necessary so that it turns out to be even without distortions and rolls. Also, the design scheme will help to calculate required amount material for the manufacture of benches of any type.

Detailing the elements of a wooden bench

For the manufacture of wooden structures for a personal plot, pine, oak, birch boards or logs are usually used, as well as pear, hornbeam and durable larch. Almost any tree is easy to process, has excellent decorative qualities, and also fits aesthetically into the country landscape. The main advantage of wood is its beautiful aesthetic appearance. But meanwhile, it negatively tolerates sunlight, high humidity and low temperatures (hard frosts). Therefore, it is best to install wooden benches in closed gazebos, on terraces covered with tents, or make them portable (collapsible) so that you can clean them indoors (pantry, basement, closet) for the winter.

• In the manufacture of stationary benches, they usually use combined materials such as wood and iron, wood and building bricks or concrete, wood and stone. The seat and back are usually made of wooden boards or timber, and the supporting parts are made of other materials that can withstand various weather conditions and temperature fluctuations well.
• Metal benches are not very popular among owners country houses and dachas, which themselves produce garden furniture for their homes. They prefer to use wood that is easier to work and process. The fact is that it is not very easy to work with metal and often for this you need to have a welding machine, as well as be able to work with it correctly.

  

  Forged metal bench for a country house

• Therefore, mainly metal profile only the supporting parts are made, and the seat and back can be made of wood.

  

  Wooden bench with metal decorative supports

• In addition to metal legs, benches (supports) can be made of stone, brick, concrete, etc. Cast iron and concrete supports are considered the heaviest, so they are rarely used in the manufacture of benches for a country house or a do-it-yourself cottage.
• Stone supports are too expensive and heavy, so they can only be seen on the territory of large country houses and cottages of people with good incomes.

  

  Wooden semicircular and round bench on a support made of natural stone

• It would seem that the wooden supports of the benches will be the most optimal - they are beautiful, light and you can make decorative carved legs out of them. But the big disadvantage of such structures is the fact that in open areas in the rain, snow and sun, they will quickly become unusable.

  

  Steel supports will be the most competent choice for making a bench with a wooden seat and back to place it on the territory of a summer residence or a country house. Such a bench will serve you for at least 15 years, and it will not need to be removed during snow or rain.

  How to make a wooden bench with a backrest with your own hands

  To make a wooden bench, we need:

  Before proceeding with the manufacture of a wooden portable bench, it is necessary to saw the boards into certain elements:

  
  
  1. All prepared boards must be sanded, all sides smoothed and soaked well with an antiseptic. Then leave until completely dry.

     

     Sanding bench boards

  2. We mark the height of the bench 40 cm. Starting from the very middle in the upper part of the elements of the longest legs that will hold the back, it is necessary to make an oblique cut at a slight angle of about 20 °. Then all the corners of the bars must be cut and sanded on both sides. In this case, the back will have an inclined shape. The sections must be strictly the same, otherwise the bench will end up skewed and will have an unattractive appearance, and it will be uncomfortable to sit on it.

     

     Drawing of a bench with a back

  3. We collect the legs of the bench. The distance between the legs should be about 28 cm. Front (front) and rear wooden pairs of benches for support with invisible inside it is necessary to fasten with the help of prepared bars and self-tapping screws. We connect the legs with a bar, which we cut to the entire width of the structure - by 50 cm. The strapping is best done double - from above and below.

     

     Assembling the legs of a portable garden bench

  4. In order to protect self-tapping screws and screws from premature corrosion, it is necessary to pre-drill the necessary holes and slightly deepen their heads into the board.

     

     Screwing the back of the bench with self-tapping screws with a recess

  5. On the frame of the bench, as shown in the drawing, at certain intervals (1 or 2 cm), we nail or fasten the planks. Three planks for the seat and two boards for the back. After all the elements are stuffed, it is necessary to check the correctness and evenness of the entire structure with a level. For greater reliability, stability and rigidity, the legs at the bottom are knocked down with planks on both sides. It is advisable to leave gaps of several centimeters between the planks for better air circulation and drainage. We fasten the back (first bar) at a distance of 20 cm from the seat, and the second - at a distance of 38 cm from the seat.

     

     Drawing of a bench with seat and back

  6. The design of the bench needs to be strengthened and for this it is necessary to make the lower trim of the legs. To do this, we take two beams 1.5 meters long and fasten them to the front and rear legs of the bench frame.

     

     Finished portable wooden bench

  Shop decoration

  After completion of all carpentry work, the bench must be completely treated with flame retardant and then coated with waterproof varnish in several layers or with ordinary oil paint.

  If you want to make the shop more aesthetic and beautiful design, you can simply saw the boards lengthwise and then stuff them diagonally, crosswise or herringbone.

  Making a garden bench from wood and metal

  A bench with a back, a wooden seat and strong metal legs would be the best option. garden furniture, which can be installed on your personal plot. Such a design, even in winter, can be left on the street without any problems.

  Material calculation and necessary tools

  To make a bench, we need:

  • One iron corner with a shelf measuring 40 - 50 mm;
  • One beam for the manufacture of bench seats with a thickness of 40 mm;
  • Special bolts;
  • Hacksaw or grinder;
  • Drill;
  • Screwdriver;
  • Welding electric or gas machine;
  • Sandpaper or grinder.

  Step-by-step instruction

  1. The metal corner must be cut into four pieces of one meter each for the manufacture of vertical supports for the structure. Cut five pieces of half a meter and two pieces of one and a half meters to make a frame for installing a seat and back boards on it.

     

     Drawing of a metal bench with a wooden back and seat

  2. To make the back and seat, we cut off seven planks from a bar 1.5 meters long and 10 cm wide. We grind them and smooth all the side parts well. Soak all the boards well with an antiseptic and leave to dry completely.

     

     Wooden planks for the manufacture of the back and seat of the bench

  3. We cut the ends of the joining parts from iron corners exactly at an angle of 45 ° and then connect them in series using hot welding. To begin with, we make a frame for the seat device and weld the iron legs well for subsequent attachment of the backrest to them, as well as the stops. In the process of welding, it is necessary to use protective equipment.

     

     Metal corners for making benches

  4. In the boards of the seat and back, where the fasteners will be, it is necessary to drill holes for special bolts. After welding work metal structure it is necessary to grind well in places of seams in order to eliminate all irregularities and tubercles. Then treat the metal with a special anti-corrosion coating and oil paint in two layers.

     

     We drill holes in the wooden planks for the seat and back

  5. We bolt ready-made back and seat boards to the finished metal frame. We pre-impregnate the boards with a flame retardant (preferably saline) and then cover with a good layer of water-repellent varnish or colored paint.

     

     We paint the wooden elements of the bench

  6. On the ground, it is necessary to make markings for the legs. To do this, it is necessary to dig four holes about 50 cm deep and pour river sand (about 10 cm) on the bottom, and fine gravel (about 20 cm) on top. We lay pieces of roofing material upstairs and put reinforcing mesh. We install the legs of the bench in the pits and check the horizontal evenness of the structure with a level. Then we fill the legs with concrete (the ratio of sand and cement is 3: 1).

     

     Installation of a wooden bench with metal legs in the garden

  7. If you plan to put a bench on a regular asphalt or paved surface, then you do not need to make a concrete foundation. The legs of the structure are made from four pieces of an iron corner about half a meter long. For greater stability to the bottom of the corners, it is necessary to weld square "heels" or strengthen the entire structure with the help of a lower metal frame.

  Finishing

  All metal structural elements must be treated with anti-corrosion agents and primed. Then paint with regular oil paint.

  We impregnate wooden elements with special antifungal agents, flame retardant, and then paint with waterproof varnish or colored oil paint.

  

  Painted wooden bench

  If desired, the metal parts of the bench can be decorated with various wrought iron patterns, which can be forged on your own or purchased ready-made from special firms.

  Bench for a personal plot on brick supports

  Material calculation and tools

  To make a bench, we need:

  • building brick;
  • Wooden boards (thickness about 40 mm);
  • A pack of self-tapping screws and screws;
  • Several bags of cement, fine sifted sand (6 bags or more) and gravel.

  step by step

  On a stone-paved and concreted area, the bench must be placed on cement foundation. On soft ground, it will be necessary to make a columnar foundation.

  
  

  Shop decoration

  We treat all wooden planks with antifungal agents and flame retardants, and then prime and cover with waterproof varnish or ordinary oil paint. Brickwork does not need additional finishing, as it looks quite beautiful and aesthetically pleasing on its own. If you still want to make it a different color, you can also paint with oil paint.

  Video: how to make a bench for a country house yourself

  If you make a bench out of wood and metal with your own hands, you can enjoy the fruits of your labor for many years and relax on it in the shade. fruit trees. With proper and timely care for such a wooden bench with metal or brick supports, it will serve for many years. But in order for it not to suffer from heavy rains or snow in winter or autumn, it is best to clean it indoors, if possible. Regular care can significantly extend the life of your bench on the plot.

To apply for a loan online, it is enough to fill out an application form on the MFI website containing passport data, the desired loan amount and some other information. Also, if you plan to receive money on a card, you will need to have a registered Visa or MasterCard with CVV2 to receive funds.

The decision on the application is made from several minutes to half an hour. If the loan amount exceeds 30-50 thousand rubles, the application is considered manually, which affects the time of its consideration. The speed of receipt of money depends on the chosen method of receipt - to an account, to a card, to an electronic wallet or in cash, and on the amount of the loan. Money is transferred at any time of the day, as well as on holidays and weekends.

You can extend the term of the loan for a period of 1-30 days. In some cases, if there are good reasons, the extension of the loan is carried out without overpayments. In other cases, an additional commission fee is paid for the prolongation of the loan. The number of possible extensions must be specified in the MFI.

For the first time, you can borrow an amount from 1 thousand rubles to 30 thousand rubles, depending on different conditions. The size of the first loan is affected by the income of the borrower, the term of the loan, the presence of a good credit history, the conditions for certain programs.

The MFO checks the validity of the passport through the FMS database, the registration address, the contact details of the borrower, assesses its solvency, and looks at open paperwork on the FSSP database. Questionnaires of online clients are checked by an automated scoring system. The data from the BKI, information about the bank card are also checked.

A bad credit history is not yet a reason to wait for a rejection. If the CI is damaged due to the fault of the creditor's bank, you can apply to the BCI with an application. In other cases, you can try to fix it with a chain of successively taken and timely repaid small microloans.

If the loan is not given, you should find out the reason. For example, get your CI and study it to see if there are any delinquencies formed through the fault of banks. Maybe you have accumulated debt on utility bills - it needs to be paid off. After some time, you can re-apply to the MFI for a smaller loan amount. Several successive and timely repayment of small loans will improve your position in the MFI.

If the money is not returned to the MFI in due time, interest will be charged to you within a certain period stipulated by the agreement. If during this time you do not get in touch and do not return the loan, your case will be transferred to a collection agency who will work with you to settle the method of returning the money. If you avoid communication with collectors, the case will be referred to the bailiffs, who:

1. arrest funds on the salary card;
2. restrict travel abroad;
3. seize your personal property.

A bench as a household item in antiquity competes with a stool. Because if a stump or boulder is already a stool, then a fallen tree is a bench or, if a bough leaves it, on which you can lean with your back - a bench. In the last two forms, she has successfully survived to this day, to which we will return.

A bench, with or without a back, “on a piece of paper” is not a piece of furniture, not a building, not gardening equipment and is not classified at all. Therefore, it exists in many different types, and no restrictions are imposed on its construction and design. The requirements of ergonomics, strength and reliability must be observed in it, but for oneself, no one has the right to make claims.

Most often, this kind of seat is street: courtyard, garden, country, park. This may be the simplest bench from a board on a pair of logs, a classic rustic bench for gatherings, no less classic garden sofa and park bench, the top row in Fig.

A wooden bench is an exquisite and in many ways defining face landscape design, therefore, is the object of close attention of specialists of the corresponding profile. In the 2nd row from the top in Fig. individual results of their investigations. But the prices are my respect, sometimes more expensive than a good furniture set. There is a unique material, and design, and the wages of the craftsmen who embody all this in the product. And most importantly - the complete absence of restrictions on cheating, because they are luxury goods.

Exclusive samples of benches / benches are technologically not so complicated that they cannot be made by yourself. However, in this article we will see how to make a bench with our own hands, being content with the usual carpentry work methods and not even the most difficult of them. It will turn out something like those on the 3-4 rows of Fig. And the acquired skills will be quite enough to create a unique one later, there would be material. You may have to master only the simplest methods of weaving from a vine on your own.

And at home?

The bench, in fact, has never been completely forced out into the street. In business and utility rooms benches-shops were, are and will be. Now they are gradually returning to living rooms: the increasingly popular studio apartment is essentially the same hut where they lived all together in one large room. And the shop for centuries has proved its ability to establish a cheerful and benevolent life in housing not for biryuks. And we will further highlight the section on some types of indoor benches.

What to do?

The seat and back of the bench are almost always wooden. The metal cools, rusts, which is why it requires annual painting, and gradually wears out. Plastic is cheap, requires minimal maintenance at first, but is uncomfortable even on outdoors and / or with intensive use by random people does not last long. We are talking here about the arrangement of private properties, so we are most interested in a bench made of wood, as a harmless, most pleasant to the eye and touch material.

Note: the wooden parts of the benches are impregnated with biocides before assembly. The most affordable in this case is used engine oil. Varnish (prime, paint) the entire product after a week of drying after impregnation. Lacquer is preferable to take acrylic on water based, it somewhat protects the tree from darkening under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

However, supports/legs or power frame benches may not be wooden. For example, profile metal is better resistant to shocks and impacts and in contact with the ground is more durable than wood, especially concreted. Therefore, for public benches - street, yard - such an execution is preferable, especially since a simple country bench on a steel base will cost less, if only due to the smaller volume of blanks to be delivered to the assembly site.

Bench and stone

A very good garden bench is obtained on a stone base. For example, in pos. 1 fig. flagstone only adds naturalness to the tree and masonry seams do not detract from it at all. The creators of the one in pos. 2, they simply poured the bottle into wire baskets, which at the same time served as supports for the tray-table. A bench with flower girls on pos. 3, nothing prevents them from leaning instead of them on mini-rock gardens. If you build a pergola over such a bench, you get a very cozy alcove, pos. 4.

Note: there are also benches with a stone seat, but a suitable slab will be expensive, the stone for it needs quite valuable rocks, very viscous, resistant to fracture and chipping.

To take a rest

In the country, I want to have a good rest, especially after agricultural work. Therefore, it is highly desirable that the dacha bench meet the requirements of industrial ergonomics:

• Seat height 400-500 mm.
• Seat width 500-550 mm.
• Back height 350-500 mm.
• Backrest tilt 74-78 degrees.
• Seat profile (back with seat) is smooth, without a dip under the buttocks.
• In the region of the neck and knees, smooth bends of the profile are made back and down, respectively, so that you can tilt your head and tighten your legs without feeling a sharp rib.

Note: The dimensions of the bench are selected within the recommended limits individually for height and physique.

Drawings of a garden sofa suitable for such conditions are shown in fig. Its design is quite labor- and material-intensive, but technologically not complicated: there are no parts whose configuration would require the use of patterns or templates. Its significant drawback is a large waste of expensive timber, 1.3 m from a 6-meter workpiece, and a 3-meter one is small. Garden bench-sofa on the trail. rice. it is simpler and a thick beam is not needed for it, but 4 parts need to be cut along the grid. Which, however, in the presence of a jigsaw is not scary.

And the kids too

How children love to play on the benches, it is known whether it is a noisy flock with elbows banging, or the whole puppet world of a little housewife. As well as the fact that at the same time they fidget with enthusiasm, crawl, and, not feeling lateral support, slap. There is nothing wrong here, it's a child's business. But there will be less roar and pouting faces if the children's bench is equipped with low railings. However, she does not need a back, so that several slobs can approach both front and back, or sit on a seat astride, legs dangling.

A suitable hybrid of a bench, bench and sofa in this case is shown in fig. It is better to put this building near the nursery playhouse. However, see how it will be more convenient for you, this shop is suitable for adults in size, and it is much easier to make it than the previous one.

By the whole world

A table with benches in the country to each other and ask. On the already equipped, with overgrown trees, the site will have a cozy family recreation area: a table with benches. Scheme with the dimensions of one of the designs of the combined country table with benches in one block is shown in fig. Its design is characterized by ease of assembly and disassembly and the almost complete absence of metal fasteners.

There are only 4 one-piece and somewhat technologically complex connections in this product: T-shaped bench-beams in the section are assembled on dowels or dowels, depending on whether you have a manual wood router or not. But for the winter, the whole complex is easy to disassemble, fold into a compact package and put away in the pantry. Material - weather and pest resistant wood: tar pine, larch, oak. On the base panel you will need plywood 24-30 mm, waterproof or double impregnated with a water-polymer emulsion.

Note: it is desirable to attach to the lower edges of the base panels with glue and self-tapping screws wooden blocks square section. This will additionally protect the plywood from delamination. Gluing the connection is mandatory, otherwise, due to capillary blocking, the service life of the panels will only decrease.

Combi for two

Fans of philosophical and romantic tête-à-tête in the bosom of nature may like a paired garden bench chair with a back and a table. For a volume of favorite poems, of course. The scheme of its device is shown in fig. on the right, and the drawings and assembly diagram in fig. below. Material everywhere - 30 mm board. This product is already designed for enough experienced craftsmen, because patterns are given only for shaped parts (there is a grid pitch of 10 mm), and other dimensions will have to be restored according to the base grid (see appendix); forming a radius of recesses for the backs in the rear support of 1300 mm.

metal based

A professional pipe 40x40x2.5 with welded ends, thrown directly to the ground in the Moscow region, rusts through and through in more than 15 years. And after that, the remaining box can hold the bench no less. There is no need to talk about strength: even Hollywood superheroes do not cut steel with their hands. True, in the USSR they once bungled a rather stupid movie in which the late Lev Durov pierced a metal tank with his finger. Tin, for drinking water.

So, with the strength and durability of metal benches, everything is OK. garden benches from a profile pipe can be quite attractive, see fig. But note: nice appearance achieved by the use of parts bent along the radius. To achieve the same aesthetic effect with straight pipes, you need at least twice as much work and material, as in the lower right in Fig.

To smoothly bend the workpieces, you need a fairly expensive and complex pipe bender for profile pipes. Alternative option- hot bending of a pipe filled with sand. But, firstly, at current prices, he needs a forge with a forge: in order to bend the sides of the bench in the tutorials with the help of a propane burner, at the bottom left in the figure, you need to almost completely burn a 20-liter gas cylinder. Secondly, hot bending is a delicate matter. If you manage to ruin no more than 3 blanks before the part comes out without wrinkles and with the ends in the same plane, you are a born blacksmith.

The next circumstance is that the strength of the metal profile bench is significantly excessive. Therefore, if you do this, the main thing is your own taste and invention. And we give a couple of drawings of benches from a professional pipe 40x40x2.5 for a purely utilitarian purpose. On the left in fig. - a large economic, and on the right - Scott's shop. Why she and what to do with her is well known to fans of bodybuilding and fitness.

Is it just a pipe?

Professional pipes are pulled from ordinary structural steel, and nowhere has anyone said that any other metal will not fit on the bench. For such cases, in Fig. a few examples of metal benches. Pos. 1 - a shop for secluded and little visited places. It makes no sense to steal it: the “fat” is scanty compared to the fuss of robbery and disassembly, and the secondary tree is not yet accepted anywhere. Material - steel strip 4-6 mm thick. Violent fun legs from it will not stand, so this shop is mainly for the cemetery.

Pos. 2 - bench / deck chair for sun and air baths. It does not press anywhere, the body breathes from all sides. The base is from an old Soviet clamshell, so a child will rearrange it much more conveniently. The supporting frame can be assembled from propylene water pipes instead of now expensive aluminum.

A complete functionally and aesthetically pleasing garden bench, pos. 3 is assembled on the basis of worn parts of agricultural machinery and vehicles. The latter, however, is not necessary: ​​instead of leaf springs, the same steel strip or corner will go.

About transforming benches

Transformable furniture saves a lot of usable space. In a city apartment, this dignity is decisive. Unfortunately, it is the only one: transformable furniture is more complicated, more expensive, serves less of an equal functionality to conventional furniture and requires additional user operations when transferred to a different use case.

“Transfurniture” came to the garden/cottage, probably only under the influence of fashion. A transforming garden bench is most often either a twin bench or a lounger, laid out with a table with benches, see fig. However, basking in the sun is more pleasant after all on something soft, like the braid described above. And if the transformer is a double bench, then it is a garden bench, not a park one. It is not customary to sit with your back to each other between relatives, friends and acquaintances.

There is one more circumstance: there is many times more dust and climatic influences on the street than at home. therefore, if, say, a transforming apartment table, with careful use, will last 7-10 years, then a garden one will last 3-5 years, especially with wooden hinges.

In general, transformable garden furniture is an amateur business. If you want to practice mechanics with kinematics - your choice. But it’s really easier and more sense to think over the layout of the site so that everything you need fits there separately.

Benches indoors

A bench as a piece of furniture is absolutely necessary in a bath: they change clothes on it, douse themselves from a gang, rest, having steamed, drink tea with lime blossom, dried raspberries or blueberries. Very helpful, by the way. But to suffice after something cold or to get strong is a devastating perversion for health.

But for a bench, a bath is not a pleasure, but hard labor: every now and then dampness, the temperature can jump from -30 to +60 in 2-3 hours. Therefore, firstly, a tree for a bath bench is required to be resistant to decay, but without resins, tannins, salicylates, aromatic compounds and other natural chemistry. And it needs to be treated only with biocides from refined mineral oils or based on silicone. Steamed skin is sensitive to substances that are harmless to it under normal conditions, and when sweat is reabsorbed, unwanted “additives” penetrate the body.

Secondly, in a small bathhouse, where the beds do not fit, they steam on the bench. And what is this steam, if it squelches under the stomach? Therefore, a bench in the steam room is made in the form of a lounger with gaps or a lattice of small slats, see fig. But even in this case, a porous tree is required, which easily absorbs moisture and just as easily releases it into the air.

Thirdly, there should be no metal parts in the bath bench that can be accidentally touched. The thermal conductivity of the metal is high, therefore, it gives off heat easily. A piece of wood heated to +80 can be touched fearlessly, and a piece of iron at +60 (which is normal for a bath) will burn.

The best bath benches are made from the Asian Tughrak poplar. Its almost complete replacement is aspen or black alder. Linden and birch are much worse, easily rot. Silver poplar, sycamore, horse chestnut or, in the southern regions, ailanthus will last longer. All these types of wood in the bath will not slip only if the bench dries well, for which there should be no gaps in the structure that can retain moisture for a long time. And it is desirable to have the entire product easily disassembled for maintenance and, if necessary, replacement of unusable parts.

Brand shops do not meet the latest conditions and the roads, because. made from special varieties of tropical wood. And a home-made bench in the bath is no worse than a “company” can be made at least according to the drawing in fig. With a thickness of 50 mm seat / lounger boards, its length can be increased up to 2 m in order to bathe while lying in full height. Then the width is needed from 60 cm; it is obtained by adding a board and a pair of its heels with legs. The red arrows show the oak leg pads, they greatly increase their resistance to decay.

Not only in the bath

In addition to the bath, the benches, as mentioned at the beginning, are also returning to the living quarters. And not only in studio apartments: in country house or in the kitchen, a bench will save a lot of space. Do not be surprised, a bench under the wall, equivalent to a pair of chairs in the same place, saves about 0.5 square meters. m area. Is this a small oven? corner fireplace, plus you can sleep on the bench. Of course, the view of the house bench should be more elegant, but it is assembled “in furniture style”, from wood on dowels or from chipboard on confirmations. A technologically simple version of a home bench for two riders is shown in Fig. It is also suitable for urban cuisine, if there is no place for a soft corner.

Note: in fig. on the right - options for making the well-known household mini-bench from cash scraps. Height - on the knees; seat dimensions - according to their own fifth point.

Whatever

antique

Here we will talk about benches from improvised materials. Since the log shop is perhaps its oldest variety, we are looking for logs of a suitable thickness, from 200 mm. Because independent logging is prohibited by law (although it is practiced in some places) and does not benefit nature, we pay attention primarily to dry fallen trees (easier to process) or unusable trees cut down in the garden. Curves, knotty - so much the better; visible roughness gives the log bench only more rustic charm, see fig.

Next, you should turn the log into a bench. Here you can find instructions like: “Precisely (carefully) sawing the log along.” Without a sawmill with a centering and feed mechanism? Advisers of this kind about the processing of wood have a clearly vague concept. In fact, a log bench at home can be made in 2 ways.

The first one gives a large waste of material, therefore it is suitable only with its excess, but it is available to any amateur, and you can work with the usual crosscut saw even manual. For those who don't know: wood is sawn along the fibers with special rip saws. So, first we make cuts on the log to the desired depth more often, pos. 1 in Fig., and break out the pieces with a crowbar (this is by no means only a thieves' tool), a nail puller or a mount. They jump out of dry deadwood as if by themselves, but on damp timber you will have to sweat over the first ones, and remove the others with a chainsaw, it also cuts along, pos. 2.

Next, first, with an ax and a chisel, we remove the remains of chips, pos. 3, and then we rough-out the surfaces with a plow (planer). The finished product is processed with a grinder, pos. 4, or just hand sanded. In this way, a solid log bench is obtained. Debark the sides or leave it as is, and biocide, stain, and varnish the same as you would for any outdoor wood. Slightly rotted deadwood (with dark spots) will first have to be treated with a wood reducer (clarifier).

For the second method, you only need a chainsaw, because. she cuts both along and across. It requires a sure eye, a steady hand and a strong grip, but the result is a full-fledged bench with a back, as in fig. above, with virtually no waste. Technological process in this case, it is elementary, and the bench is completely ready for gatherings 2-3 hours after starting the saw, see video:

Video: a log bench without nails

Rough but fast and easy

Summer residents-developers, as a rule, do not immediately think about benches. And soon they realize that in vain: on bricks, a box or a random block of wood you can’t rest and don’t really eat. If by this time the first pallet from under the brick has been released, then it will go to the bench, which can be built within an hour, just right.

Pallet benches can also be made in two ways. According to the first, a standard pallet 110x80 cm is sawn into 2 unequal parts, on the left in the figure, which will go to the seat and back. Simple and fast, but on the side struts and legs, on the right there, additional lumber is required, or you need to remove the board from the seat with the back, and an uncomfortable gap forms under what they are sitting on.

The second method requires additional work for disassembling the pallet, see below, but it allows you not to touch the boards prepared for the construction site and the bench comes out more convenient, because. its back is slanted. The first cut is made across the top, where there are more boards, sides of the pallet, pos. 1 in fig. The next one is across the lower side (red line in pos. 2), but from the opposite side of the upper side of the middle bosses (shown by the red arrow).

Next, the part with 2 rows of bosses is disassembled, as shown in pos. 3. The bosses of the upper shield are inserted into the openings of the remainder, pos. 4, for which they will have to be moved apart with a crowbar or mount (double-sided arrows in the same place), and fastened with nails or self-tapping screws, as shown in pos. 5. Remains visible in pos. 4, will go on legs, pos. 6.

How to disassemble pallets

The pallets are assembled on nails with sunken caps, and the nails sit very firmly in them, especially those that have rusted in pallets that have been used for a long time. If you disassemble them as usual, then one or several boards will definitely crack. Therefore, the board being taken away is first slightly gently lifted; it is more convenient to do it with an ax, because. it gives a large footprint. Then the same board is put in place and the nails are pulled out by the hats that have appeared with a nail puller or tongs.

Simple and economical

Construction pallets are made from quality wood, which can subsequently find a variety of applications; at least for the construction of a barn or the construction of a rack. If we already disassemble the pallet, then it is advisable to put less wood on the bench from it. A simple bench, which will require hardly half the boards of the pallet, and the bars will all be left for better use, is shown in fig. on right. Its back is somewhat flatter than ergonomics requires, due to the smaller width of the seat; so this bench is quite comfortable.

A bit about technology

Bolted connections are often used in garden furniture. If it is one-piece and not articulated, it is better to hide the bolt heads with washers and nuts with them. The first for aesthetics, and the second so as not to get scratched.

For hidden connection wooden parts bolts will require, in addition to a twist drill for wood, a feather drill, on the left in fig. Use a pen to select holes for the head and nut. After assembly, the rest of the threaded body of the bolt is cut off with a grinder and the connection is tightened again, because. when pruned, it weakens. Then the holes are filled with wood putty; you can thickly knead the sawdust yourself on the Express glue (liquid nails) or PVA for wood. Not on office PVA for paper!

As for the hinged joints, steel clips must be inserted into the bolt holes in both connected parts, their diameter must be taken into account when drilling. Without clips, the bolt will quickly break the tree and the hinge will go floundering at random.

Clips for the bolt can be rolled from tin or galvanized. In this case, twice a year, at the beginning and end of the season, 2-3 drops of engine oil are allowed into them. If it is nevertheless rusty and seized, brake fluid will help out, the same 2-3 drops. The rust from it becomes limp and the hinge "lets go" almost instantly. After the "brake" it is again dripped with oil.

The manufacture of furniture for summer cottages also requires thorn-groove joints, on dowels and dowels (through round wooden bosses). In this case, firstly, wooden fasteners are made from the same wood as the parts to be joined. For outdoor use, a certain amount of strength has to be sacrificed in order to ensure that the temperature coefficients of expansion, moisture capacity, swelling and shrinkage of the wood of the entire assembly are the same. Otherwise, the connection will quickly loosen up.

Secondly, it is very, very desirable to make connections for "open sky furniture" with wedging, see fig. on right. Wedges are cut from hard resistant tree: oak, walnut, boxwood, dogwood. Their thickness is 2-2.5 mm, but not narrower. achievable wood-to-wood connection accuracy plus or minus 1 mm.

An important condition: the wedges must be oriented across the fibers of the attached part, otherwise it may split during landing and subsequently the connection will fall apart. If the parts are connected perpendicular (crosswise), then the wedges in the dowel (nagel) should be oriented at 90 degrees relative to each other. Otherwise, the production of country and garden furniture does not contain anything that would not be subject to ordinary working ingenuity.

Application: how to take dimensions on a grid

Let's look again at the drawing of the paired "romantic-philosophical" bench. How to calculate the missing dimensions? First of all, we visually determine the type of oblique projection; in this case it is an isometry, so both oblique axes are equal.

Then we take a more authentic part, for which the linear size is indicated; in this case, this is a tsarga with a length of 1350. According to the drawing, using the Pythagorean theorem, we determine its length in fractions of the grid step. Correlating it with a known linear size, we obtain a scale factor. If the projection is arbitrary, then it will be necessary to calculate 2 scales for 2 details, for each of the oblique axes.

Then a rather painstaking work begins: the missing dimensions are determined from the drawing in fractions of the grid step and multiplied by the scale. For each pair of parts to be joined, we do a fit check, taking into account that the wood accuracy is 1 mm. If, for example, the spike turned out to be thicker than the groove associated with it, it’s understandable that it won’t fit, you need to look for where the error crept in. If it’s already more than 2 mm, it’s also not good, it will hang out and the error will begin to accumulate in the calculations. And if the spike enters the groove with a gap of 0-2 mm, everything is type-top, they calculated perfectly.

Do-it-yourself bench: drawings, photo, manufacturing instructions. From a bench (stationary or adjustable) and a bench (portable without assistants), many people began to master the intricacies of craftsmanship. A do-it-yourself bench is made as easy as shelling pears: in half an hour or an hour without experience and skills. How long will she stay? But it depends on the knowledge and experience of the master. Which you need quite a bit on the bench, but which will become the basis of more serious skills.

DIY bench

The imagination of craftsmen on the benches plays at full strength and seems limitless; the photo below shows only a few randomly selected samples. But you want the fruit of creative imagination to please the eye and body longer. Moreover, he will serve most often in the open. And here you can’t do without knowledge of mechanics, strength of materials and materials science. Elementary, without formulas and complex calculations, but mandatory. The most aesthetically sophisticated product certainly conceals a "weighty, rough", but not always visible mechanical basis and rests on it.

Shops and benches of self-made

Bench power circuits

The basis of any supporting structure is its power circuit. This is a kind of skeleton of lines; perhaps imaginary or simulated on a computer. A fundamentally new power circuit is an event in technology; the design is usually based on a well-known typical, which seems to be the most suitable for a given case. This “seems” is where the whole experience of the developer is concentrated: if the initial power circuit is chosen correctly, the product will be reliable and durable even if it is done carelessly and with errors. And if not, then, no matter how you then “lick” the design and bring it up, then the most ultra-modern materials with ultra-high technologies will not allow you to get a solid product.

Operational loads are applied to the original power circuit (so far in the mind, on paper or computer), and the places of their concentration are determined - tricks. Then the scheme is finalized, strengthened and, possibly, modified so that the loads from the foci spread over the "bones of the skeleton" as evenly as possible. Here, the designer's experience is no less important than when choosing the initial circuit: the more evenly the entire structure is loaded, the more reliable and durable it will be. Why, for example, DC-3, B-52, TU-96 aircraft and the R-7 rocket are still flying with no end in sight? That is why. Finally, according to the calculated loads, the sections of the parts are determined based on the given material, and their configuration, for the purposes of design or, say, aerodynamics, is maintained so that the desired section is not less than the calculated one with a margin for the properties and quality of the material.

But back to the topic. Such a simple and “oak” product in its essence, like a bench or a bench, given the stringent requirements for its low cost, manufacturability at home, simplicity of design and ease of use, make a bench better in one of the following. power circuits (see fig. and list to it)

Examples of power circuits for benches and benches

1. Cantilever (pos. 1) - a row of beams forms a flooring for sitting, in essence, just lying on supports. Fasteners "work" only to prevent the bench from spreading without load on the parts; under the weight of the seated fasteners are excessively loaded.
2. Volumetric-beam (pos. 2) - in order to fend off the desire of the supports to part to the sides under the weight of those seated, they are fastened with a screed at the bottom. The fastening of the flooring to the side supports is already strong and therefore necessary.
3. Box-shaped (pos. 3) - 4 support-beam schemes combined into one: 2 longitudinal and 2 transverse.
4. Support beam (pos. 4) - the screed is raised up and serves as a support for the seat at the same time.
5. Truss (pos. 5 and 6) - braces help to spread stresses, forming stiffness triangles with the original elements of the circuit.

The cantilever scheme is the least material and time-consuming and most convenient: an average amateur craftsman makes such a bench in 10-15 minutes, and dangle your feet under it as you like. However, the flooring strives to sag, and the "legs" of the bench to part to the sides. There are ways to avoid this without spending a lot of extra material and labor, see below; True, this requires metal and welding. The possibilities of design delights are rather limited, but there are also, see also below.

After the support-beam bench of the cantilever scheme, the second convenience: it is up to 2 m long and is carried from place to place by one person. The backrest adjusts without major difficulty.

A completely reliable three-dimensional beam bench can be made entirely of wood. In terms of strength, it is almost as good as box-shaped, but it requires less material and is more technologically advanced: in its manufacture, metal fasteners can be dispensed with without making carpentry joints. The design possibilities are the same as before. case, but unlike it, it is difficult to attach the back: the load on it makes the screed bend in the horizontal plane, which violates the distribution of loads in the entire structure. Comfortable enough: although you can’t chat with your legs from the heart, you can tighten them.

The box-shaped bench is ideal in terms of mechanics: in its power circuit, both constant and variable loads of any direction are most evenly distributed; no wonder the biplane box has survived in aviation to this day. In terms of bearing capacity to weight and volume of material used, the box bench is far ahead of the rest. The back is attached as you like in compliance with the rules, which are discussed below. The complete destruction of any of the links that form the box does not deprive such a shop of serviceability, so you can not rush to repair if necessary. Comfort is the same as before. (volume-beam). The design possibilities are almost unlimited. Disadvantages - bulkiness, increased material consumption and design complexity.

Important! bench from a board on logs dug into the ground or scraps of timber, according to mechanics, it is also box-shaped, only in a visually implicit form.

The bench of the support-beam scheme requires minimum flow material and the lightest: such a length of up to 2 can be taken out and brought back into the house by a woman. It can be made without metal fasteners on simple carpentry joints and glue that are accessible to an inexperienced lover. Disadvantages - you can’t attach the back, the bench leads from the first person who sits on it; you can’t really squeeze your legs if the support beam is calculated correctly. The design possibilities are limited to woodcarving, decorative metal plates and shaped cutting out of the legs. But the durability, if made without metal, is extraordinary: in the museums of wooden antiquity there are shops that literally for centuries were dragged out of the hut outside in the summer and back in the winter.

Drawings of a support-beam shop of a traditional design are given in Fig.:

Drawings of a wooden bench of a support-beam power scheme

The material of the sidewalls and the support beam is a solid board or solid wood (a shield made from it on dowels or lamellae). If the thickness of the boards is taken as 40 mm, then the length of the bench can be increased to 2 m; if, instead of boards, planks from 50 mm are used, then the width of the seat can be increased to 45 cm. But in either case, the legs and the beam must be made of a solid board or block.

Truss power circuits are obtained from the initial ones by adding oblique connections. This allows you to achieve a more even distribution of loads and save material by increasing the amount of labor required and its complexity. Here you need to remember: farms with the number of longitudinal ties less than 2 happen. For example, a bench in the inset in pos. 5 in fig. no farm. In it, the struts only help the legs move apart under load. Such a bench with a length of more than 50 cm, a width of less than 20 and more than 30 cm will not last long. How to make a garden bench of a truss power circuit, see for example. video clip:

Video: do-it-yourself wooden garden bench

Important! In three-dimensional structures, the longitudinal ties that ensure the rigidity of the truss can also be implicit, i.e. not directly associated with jibs. For example, in a shop at pos. 6 overall rigidity is provided by the backrest.

sidewalls

If the bench has a back, the design of its side supports is of particular importance. The supporting pillars of the back, combined with the legs, can both strengthen the structure and weaken it. You can not think about this by making the shop box-shaped or close to it in terms of the properties of the scheme, see below, but you need to think carefully about the sidewalls for economical cantilever, volume-beam and truss shops.

The easiest option

It was said above that the box-shaped power circuit is capable of accepting and absorbing any loads within the permissible limits. But the bench is not a century-old biplane fighter; it does not need to spin in the sky, and the loads from the back are quite accurately known in magnitude and direction. Therefore, it is possible to use a more economical, technologically advanced home-style and comfortable volume-beam scheme, and compensate for the bending load on the screed with the “oakiness” of the material; for bench approx. up to 1.7 m enough running inexpensive pine board 140x40. How a simple wooden bench with a back and the critical components of its design is arranged is shown in Fig:

Drawings of a simple wooden bench with a back

About the methods of preparing the material and finishing (impregnation, varnishing), see at the end. Here we can add that in the course of work it would not hurt to collect sawdust, and before varnishing, knead them on PVA (3-4): 1 and close the holes above the fastener heads with the resulting putty (wood screws 70x6). The gaps between the seat and back deck boards are necessary to prevent the material from rotting from capillary moisture.

Important! A wooden bench with a back up to 2 long can be made according to a combined scheme - the top from the box-shaped, the bottom with a screed. It is convenient to sit on such a chair, but a little more material and labor is needed, see for example. video

Video: wooden bench in 6 hours

Why and what kind of triangle is needed

The power circuits of benches are easier with a back, usually strengthened by the so-called. stiffness triangles by adding oblique bonds; you probably remember about the rigidity of a triangle from school geometry. But in this case, it just does not mean that the more the better. A small triangle is as rigid as a large one, but the latter greatly reduces the comfort of the bench and the possibilities of its design, pos. 1 in fig.

The use of the "rigidity triangle" in the construction of garden benches

A lot of oblique connections and, accordingly, a lot of triangles stuffed into the original circuit at random or out of necessity (transformer bench in position 2) may not strengthen, but, on the contrary, weaken the original circuit. The stiffness triangle works like this: it is set in such a way that, theoretically, the focus of loads falls on its “hole” - the geometric center. Then the sides of the triangle will not only take on the load evenly from the focus, but also “shove” it also more or less evenly into the lengthy parts associated with them. But if instead of this there is also a triangle, then they, perhaps, will begin to “reshuffle” with loads, far from being in favor of the overall strength. In this case, estimates by eye will not do; need a detailed calculation. "By eye" you can put a small triangle of rigidity at a certain point, visible from general and personal experience.

Support options

Fortunately for beginners, over the centuries of general design experience, methods have been developed to strengthen the initial power circuits with stiffness triangles, which can be used for non-critical structures without calculations. The schemes are also well known, unconditionally, without calculations, unacceptable.

The simplest at first glance option so-called. λ-supports (pos. 1 in the figure) are given in the courses of applied mechanics and strength of materials as an example of how not to do it: in the places marked in red, strong irremovable load foci are formed, because there is no rigidity triangle as such in this design. And at the intersection of the "sticks" and "legs" "λ" you can not do without a connection. Pairs of wood-steel or wood-wood in it have to work predominately. to a shift, which both cannot stand. The design of the bench turns out to be simple, and the look is original, no doubt, but it will soon loosen up. It can collapse no less original: suddenly under those who are sitting.

Variants of the design of the side supports of benches with a back

A symmetrical X-shaped support seems to be more reliable, because. together with the supporting beam of the flooring forms a triangle, pos. 2. But - only if someone settles down on a bench and stays there forever. In fact, if the seated person leans back, the focus of stresses will shift to its connection with the support. And when he starts to get up, he will briefly “jump” to the crosshairs X (this and that is marked in red). Focus loads will be much weaker than before. case, but periodically. They are contraindicated for wood in combination with any other material.

To avoid focusing loads in the material, you need to:

1. Make X asymmetrical by stretching it backwards by 15-20%.
2. Pull the support beams of the seat flooring back as well; this will also increase the stability of the shop.
3. Attach the backrest supports to the rear legs X and consoles of the seat beams. An additional stiffness triangle is formed (shown by the arrow in pos. 3).

No matter what anyone does on the bench, the load focuses will jump between the "holes" of the triangles and not be given into the material.

How do armrests help?

Strengthening a bench with a back is greatly facilitated if armrests are provided. In this case, the supports are made A-shaped. In order for the cross member A to securely hold the legs from moving across, the angle at its top should not exceed 40 degrees. Since the armrests will then fall somewhere at the level of the shoulders of the seated person, they cut them off from above and put a screed there, which will also be the support beam of the armrest. Now it is enough to put the backrest, and the stiffness triangle is formed just where it is needed, pos. 4. Depending on the size and proportions of the bench, the triangle can be located both inward and outward from the rear legs, pos. 5 and 6.

About the size of the bench

Console extensions and asymmetry of supports in the previous. case, they are selected based on the usual sizes of seats for a person - a chair, a stool:

• Seat height - 42-47 cm depending on height. Typical value - 45 cm;
• Seat width - 30-55 cm. Typical value - 40 cm;
• Back tilt - 65-85 degrees. Typical - 75 degrees.

Easier but more convenient

Before we say goodbye for the time being to wooden benches, let's try to make a bench without a back more comfortable. The easiest way to do this is to make the seat concave. But then the “spreading” loads on the legs increase, and the seat loses its strength - bent beams hold the load many times worse than straight ones.

The simplest solution to the problem is a box-shaped power circuit. Its excessive overall rigidity in this case will save on material by using thin narrow boards for drawers (furniture ties, spacers and load-bearing beams), and on laboriousness - using overlay joints on steel fasteners. The rigidity of the seat is provided by the installation of intermediate cross beams, see drawings in fig. .

Drawings of a simple comfortable bench without a back

This is interesting! for another version of a universal bench without a back (home, household, garden), see next. plot

Video: homemade backless bench

What gives metal

It is much more difficult to work with metal than with wood, but it allows you to achieve more, and at least handicraft, but special equipment is required. If there is none, except for a grinder with a cutting wheel and welding, you can make a bench according to a power circuit that works almost “wooden-like”, see video:

Video: garden benches with metal backs

Both of these shops are made of corrugated pipes, because. round in the "wooden" power circuits does not fit well.

A bench based on round pipes looks better and is more pleasant to the touch, although not as much as a wooden one. But for its manufacture you will need at least a pipe bender, see the video below. And for a really beautiful one, there is also a machine for cold forging metal.

Video: pipe bender for making a metal profile for a bench

In any case, the manufacture of a metal bench has a number of features that you should dwell on. The reason is that the overall strength, elasticity and ductility of structural steel are much greater than those of wood. The flooring of the seat and backrest remains wooden - replacing them with metal gives nothing but extra costs, heaviness, cold on the body and dirt from rust on clothes.

The simplest cantilever bench based on a square corrugated pipe acquires the mechanical properties of a wooden box-shaped one if the floor beams are attached to the base along the contour; on the long sides - from under the bottom with a step of 150-200 mm, shown by arrows in pos. 1 fig.

Metal bench structures

Wooden flooring together with a metal profile form a very low, but quite strong box with all its properties. It would be even better to attach wooden thrust bearings to the bottom of the runners of the legs in the same way: the metal will get rid of direct contact with soil moisture and will not scratch the paved path. If you put screeds, as in a wooden volume-beam scheme, pos. 2, then instead of a professional pipe, you can use a corner. In both cases, the profile 40x40x2 is enough to make a bench up to 1.5 m long; longer intermediate supports are needed.

How to ennoble a simple shop from a professional pipe

Both of these shops look pretty utilitarian. But, again, using the rigidity of a metal-wooden box, a shop on a professional pipe can be noticeably ennobled by applying double flooring. First, a solid lining of moisture-resistant or water-repellent impregnated plywood from 16 mm is attached to the steel base; side supports can now become broken or curved in plan. And then on plywood base decorative wooden elements are glued or fastened with steel from under the bottom, see fig. on right. That's all, the shop has acquired a completely different look.

But the load focuses in metal benches with a back are even more dangerous than in wooden ones, because. at least one of them will fall on a brittle weld, marked in red in pos. 3 and 4. You can also drive it into the “hole” “in a wooden way”, pos. 5. However, the high elasticity of the metal allows you to stretch the triangle of stiffness over the entire armrest. For comfort, its upper side is made convex and, so that the rigidity of the triangle does not decrease, it is pulled together with a power and at the same time decorative detail, pos. 5. Power "curls" are made by cold forging; how to make forged do-it-yourself bench, see video:

Video: bench using cold forging

Scheme and dimensions of a bench with a back made of curved round pipes

In a metal that is stronger in bending and at the same time more elastic, a conditionally rigid figure, a circle, is also feasible. More precisely, the ring round pipe. At pos. 7, an example of a combination of both is given: no matter how the focus of loads in the material turns out, it will spread along the ring but the heels of the legs and will not harm anything.

A bench made of round pipes, bent into rings or parts of them (see the figure on the right) is aesthetically good as elegant and openwork in a mini or other modern style, and technologically because the details of its sidewalls can be bent even without a pipe bender - according to fingers from pieces of reinforcing bar from 16 mm, deeply driven into dense soil.

We start to be original

Not everyone is able to bite the "mechanical" sciences to precise calculations and numerical simulation. But already elementary information from them gives enough will to fantasize about shops. For example, is the triangle rigid? A 3-sided pyramid and its base - a triple angle - then, probably, even stronger? Right. So you can now figure out a bench-chair from waste wood materials, see fig. left. Cheeks cable drums you can get it for free, because. it is very difficult to disassemble them, and the boards come out not measured, more suitable for fuel. It is only necessary to make the seat and back not shields, but frames.

Garden bench-chair made of wood waste

The carrier frame is the germ of modern honeycomb materials: many flat boxes with common low sides. The ratio of the bearing capacity of the frame to its weight is very large; covering the frame with rigid material further increases it. An airplane wing is essentially the same frame. Therefore, swing benches are made on the basis of frame structures, see fig. on right. The back, only not at first glance, seems weak: in fact, it is strengthened by a stiffness triangle that “turns on” under load, shown by the arrow in pos. 3. If the suspension is not chain, but rope, instead of acc. its branches need to be coupled from a bar from 50x50, a steel strip from 40x4 or a bar from 8 mm - a triangle with at least one soft elastic side, of course, will not be rigid.

Bench-swing on a chain suspension

From flat boxes, you can assemble not only a frame, but also a package by connecting them with wide sides. It will turn out kind of like one box, but much more rigid. Putting a lot of frames into a package, we get cellular material, but this is not about him. Sheets of material can also be folded into the bag, and it will be much stronger than its components in total. The broom principle - remember? The reason is the friction between the sheets of the package. And if you reduce it, elasticity will increase, you get a spring. Even though it's not about her either.

Bench made of wood and concrete

The author of the shop in fig. on the right, it seems, there were extra slabs left from paving the paths, and he put them into action. Otherwise, the appearance of such a shop is difficult to explain: it is unsightly, non-technological (concrete drilling is not one of the works performed with pleasure), heavy - it is assembled at the location, uncomfortable, and the back is clearly flimsy. But the design is interesting, because. in connection of the flooring with the legs, a package is formed, strongly bound inside. Its bearing capacity in this case is monstrously redundant. The work of the flooring from the beams on the edge for bending and torsion will be completely provided by the sidewalls in the form of box-shaped packages from the same boards 150x30.

Note! The wide long side of the board is the layer. Long narrow - edge. Short narrow - butt or saw cut (cut, cut). The joints of the faces, edges and cuts are the edges of the board.

To properly assemble the packages, you will need 2 (even better - 4) large squares. Joiner's squares of half a meter or more are not always found on sale and cost a lot. However, we only need an angle of 90 degrees without marking the sides, so remember, also from school geometry: it is given by a triangle with a ratio of side lengths of 3:4:5. And one more thing - that angles with parallel sides are equal to each other. Based on this, we make as many squares of any size as needed:

• We mark on flat pieces of wood the right dimensions(in brackets on pos. 1 of the figure - for making a shop).

How to make a 90 degree square

• We drill holes for the bolts according to the marks.
• We attach the rest to the short bar.
• We turn the longest bar (hypotenuse) until the holes in it coincide with the middle one in length (long leg), pos. 1 in fig.
• We put the boss, also with a hole for fasteners, between the hypotenuse and the leg (pos. 2); the thickness of the boss is the same as the planks of the short leg.
• We fasten everything tightly, cut off unnecessary ends - the exact 90 degree square is ready, pos. 3.

Boards for packages of legs and seats are processed on a square with periodic checks by others, pos. 1 next. rice.

How to use squares to make an even package of many boards

It is better to assemble the package (pos. 2) using a pair of squares attached to solid foundation at a distance of the width of the board minus 2 thicknesses of the square (in our case, approx. 130 mm apart). It is even better to collect the entire base of the shop at once, using 4 squares. Fastening - with diagonal pairs of self-tapping screws, oriented mutually perpendicularly from adjacent tiers, pos. 2a. Then only a couple of fastener heads from the back will be visible, unlike, excuse me, the shameful bolts of a concrete-wooden bench.

The assembled bench is already standing and you can sit on it, but for full strength (equal to that or greater than wood-concrete), this bench still needs to be strengthened and ennobled at the same time:

Making a type-setting shop from packages of boards

• Soles from the board are attached to the lower ends of the legs, pos. 1 in fig.
• Rigidity screeds from a rail from 20x20 to 40, pos. 2. If the bench is without a back, put the ties in pairs, outside and inside.
• Optionally, a seat according to the profile, pos. 3.
• If the bench is with a back, after selecting the profile, its supports cut in, also pos. 3 (see the stiffness triangle?). In this case, you need under one screed per leg from the inside.
• For a bench with armrests, one of the boards of the leg packages must be placed longer; they are processed outside the package and adjusted locally.
• For the support beams of the armrests, the boards are cut along the profile the same as the rest.
• The beams of the armrests are attached to the uprights of the backrest from the inside, and they crash into the boards protruding from the packages, pos. 4.
• The bed (flooring) of the armrests is made of simple plywood 4-6 mm thick. To avoid transverse warping during drying, the blanks are cut out so that the fibers of the outer layers run along the armrest.
• The blanks of the flooring of the armrests are plentifully, until wet through, impregnated on both sides with a water-polymer emulsion (see also at the end).
• The armrest flooring blanks are wet, still soaked, put on the beams and fixed with self-tapping screws in increments of 50-70 mm. Fasteners lead starting from the root (adjacent to the back) ends.
• The shop is dried for 3-5 days under a canopy (it can be temporary from a film).
• The holes are puttied over the heads of the fasteners and the shop is finished clean.

Note! In the course of work, all parts are impregnated, as described at the end.

Same but with flowers

The voluminous legs of the bench can be not type-setting, but simply box-shaped; this works well for a flower pot shop. In this case, for proper strength, the seat must also be made in the form of a series of beams on the edge, and frame.

Blueprints garden bench from a tree with a planter for flower vases are given in fig. (Dimensions are in inches)

Drawings of a wooden bench with flower vases

Pots before impregnation with a water repellent are impregnated with a 5% solution iron sulphate(see below); copper sulfate or brown - in any case! However, you cannot adapt the back to this bench: there is nowhere to attach it so that it is secure. A possible way out is to place this bench in a pergola, gazebo or under a canopy so that there is somewhere to lean back besides it.

original old fashioned

Rustic shops enjoy great success, and deservedly so. antediluvian-wild-primitive species. Some examples of these are shown in Fig. from the beginning. Unfortunately, the selection of materials alone, taking into account all operating conditions, requires, in addition to huge (if not unique) experience and knowledge, a lot of time and, moreover, a lot of luck. And to put everything together so that the fruits of labor do not disappear in 3-5 years as an engineering task is more difficult than a design one. But for beginners in rustic design, there is also a welcome window - a bench made of wild logs.

Benches from wild logs and wooden blocks and chopping blocks

There is no need to think about the choice of a power circuit here: the oakiness (without quotes) of the material helps out, so we take a cantilever. The simplest bench made of logs (on the left in the figure) will still require a lot of work. But on the other hand, it will provide an opportunity to acquire the skills of sawing logs along and cutting shaped grooves in them. They will be very useful if you decide to put a log house; for example, a real Russian banya is built only chopped. How to adapt a rustic back to a log bench (in the center), see below, and how to simplify its manufacture - on the right in fig. All the work is to cut 2 ridges of the same length from a log, cut grooves in them for the seat board and put everything together. If, instead of a cut board, an unedged chopping block with a thickness of 60 mm or more is cut out of a log, then such a bench will look quite rustic. It is also easy to attach a rustic back to a log bench. If the workpiece is of normal thickness, then it is sawn lengthwise by 1/3:2/3 or 1/4:3/4 and the cut is placed on racks of boards (on the left in the next figure), beams, or, for better appearance, from poles or stakes. If there is a log with a thickness of more than half a meter, then the blocks of the seat and back are placed in the grooves of the ridges from it without a single nail. It turns out - it doesn’t get more rustic, on the right in fig.

Log benches with a back

Note! For more options for making rustic benches, see the video below

Video: rustic benches with a back (1) and without (2)

Same from old

Original and tasteful benches up to 1.5 m long are obtained from old chairs. They are connected in pairs with their front sides to each other with an insert extending the seat.

How to make a bench out of four old chairs

It is best if there are 4 unnecessary Viennese chairs, with backs curved in a horizontal plane; this is important in this case to ensure the overall strength of the structure. The further is clear from the rice: 2 chairs go to waste - the front sides are cut out of them. They connect the remaining 2 chairs on dowels and glue, lay the seat, trim. To make the bench suitable for gatherings not only tête-à-tête, but also waddle, a pair of upper corners of the backs can be connected with a support beam under the flooring of a common back (shown in green in pos. 5. A curved beam for such an improvement is recruited from several plywood blanks on glue and small nails or screws.

Chairs with straight backs in a horizontal section on the bench will need only a couple, because. a straight compound seat box won't be strong enough. One solid frame for the seat (on the left in the next figure) does not solve the problem, as does the screed of the upper ends of the backs of the chairs with a beam: tilting onto a common back will only loosen the structure more quickly. An additional bottom frame is needed (center and right in the figure) to form a one-piece straight box.

How to make a bench out of a pair of old chairs

Limits of originality

Everything has a limit. Originality too. In relation to usefulness to convenience and laboriousness, the limits of the originality of shops can be divided into upper and lower.

An example of the upper one is a puzzle bench made of stools with figured seats, see fig.

Puzzle bench made of stools

This perfect solution to give a day off: you need - they collected everything in a bench. Need - dismantled and distributed to the guests on the seat. We are leaving - at least the children will take it apart and bring it into the house, and the burglary and “took it for a while before the arrival of the owners and forgot to return” these articles are oh so different.

An example of the opposite kind is a transformer bench, see next. rice.

The device and dimensions of the transforming garden bench

Transformable furniture often helps out in everyday life, but, firstly, only with an acute lack of space, and in itself is always less convenient, reliable and durable than unchanged. Even at the 6-hundredth cottage there is always a place for a table with benches. Secondly, it is simply inconvenient to both sit on the folded one and get out and climb into the unfolded one. After all, gatherings outside are not only for playing chess (excuse the deliberately redundant expression). Thirdly, outdoor hinges deteriorate many times faster than in a house or apartment, and an all-wood transformer bench has to be reinforced with braces to the point that even at a computer you wonder: is the cure for the disease itself better?

Preparation of material and finishing of the bench

All parts of the bench for installation outside are impregnated before being assembled into a single product, first with a biocide (antiseptic, fungicide), and after the first impregnation has completely dried (2-4 days) with a water repellent (water-repellent composition). The best water repellent is a water-polymer emulsion (WPE), but biocides are a little more complicated. The choice of their inexpensive natural is small: boric acid or iron sulfate. The rest are natural or quickly washed out, or spoil the tree, or both. Synthetic biopreparations are expensive and stay in wood for no more than 3 years, and it becomes unsuitable for pest settlement within 5 years. On oil impregnation, it does not fit well and then painting and varnishing is kept.

Boric acid is more or less well soluble in hot water (60-70 degrees), and in cold water it is very bad, but it practically does not stain the wood; used in the form of a 3% solution (300 g per bucket of water or 100 g per 3 liter jar). The tree darkens from iron sulfate, but if the bench is made from an old grayed tree, then with a 2-4% solution of iron sulfate (200-400 g per bucket) it can be tinted (blotted) under an old walnut or bog oak.

Solutions of biocides are prepared in ceramic, glass, plastic or enamelware; in metal - it is impossible! Impregnation with both biocides and water repellents is carried out with a wide flat soft brush; best suited plaster maklovitsa. The heels (soles) of the legs are first impregnated: abundantly several times with pauses of 10-15 minutes, until the solution is no longer absorbed. The rate of impregnation for room-dry pine is a glass of biocide and one and a half to two glasses of VPE per 100 sq. see heel legs. Wooden flowerpots are once impregnated from the inside with a 5% solution of iron sulfate (0.5 kg per bucket of water); them outside and the rest of the details twice with a 3% solution.

It is advisable to varnish an outdoor wooden bench made of new wood in 2-4 layers of transparent acrylic yacht varnish. It is more expensive than ordinary furniture, but it protects the wood well from graying under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is also better to paint with yacht enamel - it is very resistant to both UV and atmospheric influences. A bench made of ordinary combat pine impregnated and varnished (painted) in this way on the street will last at least 10 years without repair.

The bench is not just a necessary, even a necessary item for giving, but also a powerful decoration. Most owners of private estates prefer to build benches on their own. This lesson will not require a lot of time, cost and effort, and the bench will become exclusive.

Materials for manufacturing

First you need to decide on the material for the bench. Traditionally, the most popular are benches made of wood. It should be borne in mind that the manufactured object will be in the open air, therefore it must be constructed from wood that is as resistant to moisture, temperature changes and other climatic influences as possible.

Benches for summer cottages made of metal are durable, reliable, resistant to any precipitation and mechanical damage. To steal the yard, they are made with various swirls, patterns, colors, creating beauty and original design.

Benches made of stone are monumental, capital, powerful and can be made according to perfectly different schemes, from worked and polished stone or pristine with flaws.

A plastic bench is light, easy to transport and, if properly manufactured, can be quite durable, reliable and will decorate your garden.

Benches with flower beds

One of the most practical options when the bench is combined with flower beds. Sitting on such a product, inhaling the aroma and enjoying the flowering of plants, is pleasant and comfortable.

There are several options. Between two wooden boxes put a polished board, or several, interconnected and a bench with flower beds is ready. However, wood that comes into contact with the soil will not last long, so wooden boxes can be replaced with stone or concrete ones.

Fastening boards between stone beds is easy with a metal corner. In concrete, it is fastened with dowels, and in wood - with self-tapping screws.

If you perform work from scratch, without having finished elements, you will need instructions on how to make such a bench. Prepare materials: pencil, tape measure, boards, saw, screws and nails, hammer, glue. To plant flowers - earth, pots and the plants themselves.

Next, we take measurements of the free space under the bench and calculate its dimensions. Boards must be sanded to avoid splinters or other damage to the skin and to give the most presentable appearance.

It is necessary to cut 52 identical segments up to half a meter long. We put 12 of them aside, and out of 40 we build boxes, which at the same time will be a support for the bench. To do this, lay them out with a turret - on 2 parallel boards, put 2 perpendicularly, and so on. You should get two boxes of 20 strips each.

We make a frame from long boards by fastening them together. We combine fastened long boards with two finished turrets using glue and self-tapping screws.

From the remaining 12 boards we make two more small turrets and fasten them to ready-made support boxes. We cover the surface of the seat with good boards. We insert flower pots into the boxes and the shop is ready.

Easy-to-mount benches

Another easy way to make a bench is to use building blocks and bars. Machined, they are easily inserted into the holes of the blocks.

Although the bench looks primitive and is unlikely to be able to fully decorate your territory, it is simple in execution and perfect for relaxing, for example, in the garden or near the water.

Making a simple metal bench is easy if you have basic welding skills. Prepare a welding machine, a metal corner, a grinder to cut pipes, and the profile pipe itself.

Using a grinder, we cut off 3 identical blanks, 120 cm long. This will be the seat. We cut out 2 crossbars from the steel corner and put them perpendicular to the blanks for the seat, weld them with a welding machine, and attach 2 legs to them for the future bench.

Stepping back from the seat a distance of about 20 cm, we weld a transverse bar to the legs. In order for the bench to stand, 2 corners must be welded to the legs below perpendicularly, and the whole structure will actually rest on them.

The metal is painted in the desired color. Sitting on a cold surface is not very comfortable, so you can put on top of a metal seat wooden planks, fixing them with dowels;

Beautiful do-it-yourself bench

If you want to make a bench for giving your own hands special, exclusive, not the same as your neighbors, this will require some skills, financial investments and free time.

To do wooden bench for a country house, you need to draw up a diagram. Drawings and corresponding photos of benches can be found ready-made on the Internet or you can design your own, individual version.

First, take measurements, decide on the dimensions of your future product. Remember that in standard cases the height of the bench from the ground will be up to 60 cm.

It is necessary to carefully paint the length of all the constituent elements, boards, and consider the location of decorative details. When you put all your thoughts on paper, start buying materials.

To do for suburban area a bench made of wood with a back, it is necessary to prepare three types of wood - a thick log, ordinary boards up to 3 cm and a bar with a diameter of up to 7 cm.

From the tools you will need a hammer, nails and self-tapping screws, a screwdriver and a screwdriver, a simple pencil, a ruler, a drill, and to cover the wood - paints, varnishes and brushes.

The bench is made in 4 stages. Legs, seat, back and at the last - the assembly of the structure.

To make the legs, we take a log, 3-4 cm thick, measure the pancake, width and height, and cut the legs with a hacksaw. The legs should be the same, the slightest difference between them will lead to a skew of the bench. Align them if necessary.

The back is made in the form of two supporting boards, at least 3 cm thick. The length of the back should be identical to the length of the seat. You can fasten the boards, leaving a fence between them, or make the back solid.

The seat of the bench is made of bars - they will help make it reliable and durable. The number of bars depends on the expected width of the bench and on the desire to leave gaps between them or make a solid seat. After cutting the bars of the same length, be sure to sand them.

On last step it is necessary to collect all the blanks together. With a board 4 cm thick, it is necessary to fasten two legs with nails to get a U-shaped structure, backboards and seating bars. Fasten the legs and seat together.

Nail the planks perpendicular to the seat to secure the back. Fasten the back with self-tapping screws. In order for the shop to have a presentable appearance, it must be carefully sanded and coated with varnish or paints.

You can also build a bench using improvised means - wooden pallets, bricks, clay, stones, and even bottles. The main thing is that it be practical, expedient and fit into the interior of your yard.

Photo of benches for giving