Repair and decoration of any room is not complete without drywall. The material is a layer of gypsum, covered on both sides with cardboard. Used for partition walls fine finish wall surfaces. With its help create complex multi-level suspended structures ceilings, arches of complex configuration, finish niches in the walls and make built-in wardrobes with open shelves.
Drywall refers to the universal building and finishing materials that are used in all structural planes of the building. For ceiling work use more thin sheets drywall, 9 mm thick, their size is 1.2 x 2.5 m. Wall sheets 12 mm thick, 1.2 x 3.0 m in size.
For work under normal conditions, standard drywall is used beige colour, for the installation of moisture-resistant partitions, sheets of green tone are used, and the execution of structures in fire hazardous rooms will require a gray shade of the surface of the material.
Sometimes fastening drywall with a frame is not possible due to the small size of the room, for example, on a balcony, loggia, in utility rooms, during the reconstruction of plumbing units in an apartment. If the frame device “steals” such necessary centimeters, then it is allowed to attach sheets of material directly to the wall.
Features of fastening drywall without a profile
What you need to prepare for work
Tools
- Drywall knife, spare blades.
- Drywall saw or electric jigsaw.
- A strong thread to create a level plane, nails or screws to fix on the wall.
- Building level, plumb line, pencil, scraper for cleaning the edges of the sheet.
- Drill and whisk for mortar, bucket for kneading.
- Spatula, hammer, rubber mallet, pliers, Phillips screwdriver.
Work materials
- Sheets of wall drywall.
- Dry glue for drywall work. It is allowed to use starting putty with the addition of building gypsum or PVA glue in the amount of 10%.
- Water and primer for surface adhesion.
- Dowels from 80 to 120 mm in size.
- Grid for gluing seams "serpyanka" and glue.
How to fix drywall to a wall without profiles
Surface preparation
If the wall is made of brick or concrete, then preparatory work include cleaning the surface from deposits and splashes of the solution. Next, the surface is primed with an impregnating composition. Impregnation should be diluted according to the instructions on the package, since each manufacturer makes a different composition of the soil concentration. If it is written that the soil is ready for use, then it is not required to breed it.
With the old plaster on the wall, you need to inspect it and identify weak, lagging places that can be knocked down and repaired with a solution. Then treat with soil.
Drywall should not be fixed to the walls in rooms where the walls are constantly damp, moisture is transferred from an uninsulated foundation or gets from the roof. Frameless fastening is not allowed on walls that are subject to the constant formation of condensate due to non-compliance with the thickness of the walls according to the heat engineering calculation.
Before the drywall is fixed, it is inspected using a level and a plumb line to identify the largest deviations from the vertical and in alignment. If possible, then the convex places are knocked down, and large depressions are reduced by applying a layer of mortar.
All markings with a pencil or chalk are applied to the walls after priming, otherwise the impregnation will blur the marks and everything will have to be repeated again. Sheets of drywall are also covered with soil from the side of attachment to the wall. Sliced beacons from sheet waste are primed on both sides and left to dry.
If necessary, they install electrical wiring, which will be hidden by reinforced sheets from above. If the wire runs on protruding sections of the wall, then a groove is made to drown the wire.
Fastening drywall without beacons on a relatively flat surface
Dilute dry glue with water in a container using a mixer. Stirring by hand is also allowed, but it will require more effort and time. First, water is poured, and then the dry mixture is poured into it.
If there is a need to add PVA glue to the putty mixture, then it is first stirred in water, and then putty is poured. It will not be possible to add polyvinyl acetate glue to the finished mixed putty, as the solution will quickly harden and turn into a stone.
Glue is applied to the edges of the sheet along the entire perimeter in a continuous strip. In the center, cakes are made from the solution at a distance of 0.4 m in a checkerboard pattern. The total area of the adhesive or putty applied to the surface must be more than 1/10 of the sheet area for reliable fastening.
The sheet is installed vertically and pressed over the entire area. It's best to do this with a helper. After that, the level of fixing is checked. If it does not meet expectations, then the material is pressed harder in certain places. To this end, sufficient solution is applied to the sheet to account for this adjustment. It is possible to remove an already rooted sheet from the wall to lay the mortar, but it is fraught with a violation of its integrity, in other words, it can break when it comes off.
Some installers support the sheet in an adjusted position for about 20 minutes to set the mortar, others grab it in this position with dowels, trying not to disturb the level.
Fastening drywall on a curved wall using the installation of beacons
If the wall is tilted or has a turn in the plane, then to fix the drywall, you need to make a special layer in the largest depressions. First, the curvature of the wall is measured. A sheet of material is attached to the wall and in places of depressions it is drilled through with self-tapping screws, so that they make a mark on the wall. The sheet is removed, and the screws are unscrewed.
A network is made with a strong thread that will show the desired verticality and plane. Further, in places of marks on the wall from self-tapping screws, one or more layers of rectangles from drywall waste are attached with glue. All of them must be pre-primed with impregnation. These overlays are placed so that they touch the thread frame from above.
An adhesive mixture is applied to the sheet, placing it, as in the previous version, around the perimeter and in the middle of the sheet, only Special attention is given to laying the cakes on the places from drilling the screws, which will match the lining on the wall.
The sheet is lifted to a vertical position and pressed against the wall, combining all the positions. Fix for setting and move on to the next sheet. The thread frame and lining are made simultaneously on the entire wall, and not on each sheet separately.
After fixing the problem areas with dowels, the seams between the sheets are sealed with putty and sickle.
Installation of drywall without a frame on a wooden wall
To perform this type of work, the use of putty or glue is not required, sheets of material are attached to wooden surface without gluing with simple screws or wood screws, made with hidden hats. Places from drilled heads in drywall are sealed with putty.
If there is curvature and unevenness of the wall, then it is leveled with additional wooden linings of different thicknesses. The bulges of the tree are cut with a planer or saw.
Certainly, the best option is the fastening of drywall with a frame, but, having understood the intricacies, they fasten the material directly to the wall, trying to maintain the required level. There are many videos that show the mount without a profile. If you miscalculated, and the curvature still showed through, individual places can be corrected by applying small layers of putty through the putty mesh.
Drywall mounting options without profiles
Anton Tsugunov
Reading time: 4 minutes
I want to level the partitions in the apartment with drywall, but it's a pity to lose precious centimeters, which are already lacking? Install drywall on unframed walls. This method is even simpler - you do not have to bother with mounting the profile. It will save space and create at least perfect surfaces. Even without rich experience in repair, this task can be handled on your own.
Benefits of leveling plasterboard walls without a frame
This method of mounting the GKL sheet:
- Economical on materials.
- Takes less time.
- Produces less debris and dirt.
- Installation and decoration is completely done by hand, so you can feel like a pro.
For mounting GKL sheets on the wall, it is necessary to purchase special adhesives. The most popular of them are the Knauf and Volma mixtures. You can also mix gypsum putty with a small amount of PVA glue.
The essence of the frameless method of fastening the GKL sheet
Installation of drywall on walls without a frame is carried out using a special composition. They stick a sheet on base surface. The joints are puttied and reinforced with tape. After priming, the wall is ready for finishing- wallpaper is pasted on it, decorative plates, or painting at your discretion.
Since the sheets themselves have a small thickness, the total area of the room hardly suffers. It is convenient to use them when leveling the walls of small rooms: a bathroom, a pantry, a loggia, and in other places where every centimeter of space is important.
Preparation of walls for gluing drywall sheets
Before you start installing drywall without a frame, you must.
- Wallpaper is easier to remove with a spatula, after wetting them with water using a sponge or spray gun. An excellent soaking effect is obtained by using a steam generator.
paint with concrete wall it is difficult to remove, but necessary, otherwise the composition for gluing the GCR will either not stick to it, or tear it off the base. As a result, the sheet will not hold.
- Old plaster is tapped to detect hidden delaminations. Remove damaged and suspicious parts to a solid base.
If the layer of plaster is thick all over the wall, it makes sense to remove it entirely with a perforator or hammer with a chisel. This will help to further save centimeters of usable space.
Additional wall treatment
Proper wall treatment before attaching drywall sheets to a wall without a frame is extremely important.
- Conduct an audit of the wall itself - repair cracks, fill holes from old communications, throw mortar at the places where large pieces of plaster fell out.
- If necessary, punch recesses for sockets, switches and wiring. Wires and junction boxes must be installed.
The insulation of the latest generation of wires allows you not to pack them in a fireproof corrugation, so you just need to attach them to the wall with clamps.
- Remove debris, brush or vacuum dust from the walls and floor.
- In order for the adhesive to adhere firmly to the surface of the wall, it is evenly primed. In areas with fresh plaster, the primer is absorbed more strongly, so here it is applied in two or even three layers.
When mounted under sheets of gypsum plasterboard, a poorly ventilated air gap remains. In rooms with high humidity, there are optimal conditions for development different kind rot and fungus. Treating the base wall with an antiseptic will help to avoid this danger.
- Since the GKL sheet has large (2500 x 1200 mm) dimensions, free up a suitable flat area on the floor to work with it.
It is possible to mount the GKL only when the wall is completely dry, after all the procedures performed.
Technology of frameless installation of drywall sheets
Before gluing drywall to the wall, you need to set the overall level. By using assembly rule and plumb bob measure the vertical deviations of the surface. On the floor and ceiling, a line of alignment of the wall in length is marked.
The GKL sheet is cut immediately to the entire wall. To reduce the amount of work, it is better to buy sheets according to the height of the room or more. Then you do not have to adjust and putty horizontal joints.
GKL can be attached to the walls in two ways.
Attaching the sheet to the adhesive
The fastening technology will differ slightly depending on the degree of curvature of the walls.
If the differences on the wall are less than 4 mm, then the adhesive composition is evenly applied to the perimeter of the GKL sheet using a notched trowel. The sheet is installed in the selected place, pressed and leveled by applying the rule to the surface and tapping on it rubber mallet, not forgetting to check the building level.
Important! The adhesive solution sets quickly. Experimentally find out how much volume you need to dilute in order to have time to work it out in one go.
A wall with a level difference of up to 2 cm will require a thicker adhesive. It is applied to the surface of the drywall sheet with cakes about 5 cm high at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Installation is carried out in the same way as described above.
If the wall has differences of 4 cm or more, it will be extra work. In the recesses, it is necessary to stick additional beacons from GKL scraps. There is another method: fill in the right place mounting foam, and after it dries, cut at the general level.
In the future, the adhesive composition is applied to the dried beacons and directly to the wall. The sheet is pressed against the adhesive and aligned in all directions.
Fastening the sheet to the wall on mounting foam
Sheathing walls in this way is more laborious, but it will provide greater reliability of fastening, regardless of the curvature of the surface.
- GKL sheet is pressed against the wall. At its corners, and in 4-6 more places, holes are drilled in the wall, making marks. The sheet is pushed aside, and the resulting marks are drilled and dowels are driven into them.
- On the sheet, stepping back from the holes by 10–15 centimeters, pieces of a shock absorber (foamed rubber, foam rubber) are glued. This distance is necessary for the free expansion of the foam. The thickness of the sponge depends on the differences on the wall. Ideally, they should be the same.
- The sheet is attached to the wall. Screws with wide caps or a washer are screwed into the dowels. They also regulate the level, creating a flat surface. Similarly, the installation of the remaining sheets is carried out.
- After control by the rule, a hole is drilled near each self-tapping screw. The tube for pumping mounting foam should enter it without effort. Foam is pumped through the hole into the cavity. It should form a cushion between the wall and the sheet. The amount of foam is determined empirically in advance. After the foam hardens, the screws are removed.
Do not rush to start decorating the wall decorative materials. The adhesive base sets quickly, but it will take at least a day to dry completely.
A few words about safety
Working with GKL generates a lot of dust. Inhaling it will not add health to anyone, so it is better to protect yourself with a respirator. You should also take care that dust does not penetrate into the living quarters by curtaining the openings with a damp cloth.
Drywall firmly occupies the position of one of the most popular building and finishing materials, and this is easily explained by its many advantages. These can be safely attributed to its environmental friendliness, ease of installation, the ability to use in the most different rooms, relatively small mass and generally available cost.
Plasterboard sheets are used for leveling walls and for, moreover, working with them is available not only experienced builder but also for beginners. Finishing walls with drywall without a frame and profile is possible on different adhesive compositions and on surfaces built from various materials. The advantages of such fastening in comparison with the frame method are that the reduction in the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is not so noticeable, a decent amount is saved on the elements of the crate, and the installation work itself takes place quite quickly and may well be done on its own.
The main methods of installing drywall on a wall surface
To appreciate the advantage of frameless installation of drywall, you can briefly consider both existing methods by comparing them.
In fairness, it should be noted that sometimes when installing drywall, it is impossible to do without installing a frame, so this case is also worth mentioning when considering how to install the material.
So, there are two main technologies for fixing drywall sheets to the wall in order to level it:
- Installation of sheets using self-tapping screws on a frame made of metal profile or wooden beam. This method is chosen in cases where the wall requires additional thermal or sound insulation, and insulation material installed exactly in frame structure, or in the event that the wall has very large distortions that are difficult to level with plaster layers.
- Fixing sheets on the wall with self-tapping screws and mounting foam or on a gypsum-based adhesive. Self-tapping screws and foam for fixing drywall are used if it is required to sheathe not only wooden wall, but also surfaces derived from other materials that require correction. Adhesive gypsum composition is more often used for leveling concrete or brick wall. However, it should be immediately noted that the wireframe method drywall fasteners should be used only when the walls have a height not exceeding 3000 mm.
In this publication, the nuances of only frameless drywall fastening will be considered.
Necessary materials and tools
Set of tools
To level the walls with drywall using one of the adhesives, you will need much fewer tools than if a frame was attached to the wall. The list of everything you need consists of the following items:
- plumb line, building level and as a rule, preferably 1500 mm long - to control the evenness of the original wall and the created vertical plane.
- Electric jigsaw or sharp clerical knife - for cutting drywall.
- Rulers of different lengths, a square, a tape measure and a simple pencil - for marking.
- A wide, medium and narrow spatula, and possibly a trowel (trowel) - for applying and distributing the mortar.
- Construction grater - for processing puttied surfaces.
- Roller and brush - for treating walls with a primer.
- Rubber mallet - for adjusting drywall sheets glued to the wall.
- Electric drill and mixer nozzle - for mixing the solution.
- In some cases, it will be required - for additional fixation with self-tapping screws.
Drywall prices
drywall
Necessary materials
Now it is necessary to consider the materials that will be required to prepare the surface of the walls and for the high-quality installation of drywall:
- Priming solution with antiseptic additives.
- Gypsum-based putty mixture, base and finish.
- Dry mortar - drywall adhesive, or mounting foam.
- Serpyanka mesh tape - for sealing joints between sheets.
- Long self-tapping screws may be required to level the wall by adjusting drywall sheets. The size of the fasteners will depend on the evenness of the surface, taking into account the fact that they must be recessed into the wall by 50 ÷ 60 mm.
- One of the alignment technologies will require pieces of foam rubber - this will be discussed in due time.
About some materials - a little more.
Drywall
The Knauf company produces not only a variety of building and finishing mixtures, but also drywall sheets various purposes - it is a simple, moisture-resistant, fire-resistant and moisture-resistant finishing material:
- Ordinary drywall (gypsum plasterboard or, according to Knauf's proprietary classification - GSP-A) is used for rooms with normal humidity.
- Moisture-resistant sheets (GKLV or GSP-N2) can be used to level walls in bathrooms or bathrooms. After processing such a surface, ceramic tiles will perfectly lie on it.
- Fire-resistant sheets (GKLO or GSP-DF) are used for finishing walls around the fireplace, stoves, chimneys.
- Fire and moisture resistant drywall (GKLVO or GSP-DFH2) is well suited for wall decoration in boiler rooms of private houses, in attic and attic rooms.
Here you can also briefly talk about, which does not require much effort, experience and special tools - it is enough to have an ordinary sharp clerical knife on hand. The cutting process takes place in the following order:
- The sheet is placed on solid foundation- it could be big table, floor or several stools placed side by side at some distance from each other.
- Then, using a tape measure or ruler, the sheet is marked out, with a simple pencil necessary lines are drawn.
- The next step along the drawn line, also along the ruler, is carried out with a knife, which should cut upper layer cardboard.
- The sheet is shifted to the edge of a hard surface, and placed on it along the notch line.
- Then, on the edge of the drywall, which extends beyond the base, pressure is applied, which will cause the sheet to break along the cut line.
- The last step is cutting the cardboard on the other side of the sheet.
Installation of drywall sheets is carried out in two main ways on the frame or directly on the wall surface. In most cases, drywall is attached to walls without a frame in rooms with a small area, since the crate takes up a lot of space and narrows the space. How and in what way frameless installation is performed, we will consider in this article.
The most common frameless drywall installation method is used in rooms with small areas.
Advantages and disadvantages of frameless drywall installation
The frameless mounting method has the following advantages:
- Saving money spent on the installation of the crate.
- Fast installation. Basically, the duration of the installation work is caused by the construction of the frame, and in its absence, the process is accelerated.
- This method allows you to save more free space, since the crate occupies at least 5 cm of the usable area of \u200b\u200beach wall.
Flaws:
- At high humidity drywall walls will quickly become unusable even with the use of moisture-resistant material.
- Finishing walls with drywall without a frame and a profile is possible only with minor surface irregularities.
- The maximum allowable difference is 2 cm, but no more. With more significant differences, it is necessary to level the surface or apply another method of fastening finishing material.
- Using frameless method there is no way to hide communications.
Preparing everything you need
To attach drywall without a frame, you need to plan the work and prepare everything you need:
Tools and material:
- Electric jigsaw.
- Drywall (the amount is calculated taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls of the room).
- Gypsum mix.
- Level.
- Roulette.
- Container for diluting the adhesive solution.
- Metal brush.
- Mortar for plaster.
- Putty knife.
- Primer.
- Hammer.
Measure the room and, according to the results, cut the material. Measurements are also necessary to select the most appropriate material location option. In case of exceeding standard height premises (2.5 m), it is necessary to prepare special inserts that will close the resulting gaps.
When calculating and cutting the material, it must be taken into account that the location of the sheets should be offset - to prevent the appearance of cruciform joints.
Before installing drywall, it is necessary to prepare the wall: clean it from whitewash, wallpaper and paint. Existing holes must be patched.
Wall alignment
The preparation and alignment of the walls plays a big role in the long-term operation of the drywall coating. The complexity of their preparation lies in the material from which they are made.
most suitable and convenient option are the walls of brickwork which it will be enough to cover only with a primer.
If the walls are plastered, it is necessary to remove this coating, as it may fall off over time and deform the slab from the inside.
All other coatings, such as whitewash, old wallpaper, paint, must also be removed.
The surface preparation process should be carried out in the following sequence:
- Tapping walls to identify weak spots and remove them.
- Removing the old cover.
- Plastering the resulting pits in the process of tapping.
- Cleaning the surface from dust.
- Wall primer with a deep penetrating compound.
- Drywall sheets should also be primed.
The primer is necessary in order to preserve the finishing material from the appearance of mold on it, since primers have antibacterial properties that prevent the growth of fungus.
Solution and methods of its application
Gypsum is used as a fixing solution. Alternatively, you can use starting putty or alabaster, but to increase adhesion, you need to add wallpaper paste or PVA to the solution.
How to apply the solution for different irregularities:
- If the unevenness difference is 5 mm, the solution is applied to the drywall sheet in a thin layer along the edges and in the center.
- With differences from 5 to 20 mm, a special adhesive is applied pointwise, in increments of 25 - 30 cm.
- If the differences reach 40 mm, then it is first necessary to attach small drywall pieces to the wall with glue, on which, after the glue dries, the main plates will be attached.
- If 40 mm is exceeded, the method of frameless mounting of the finishing material is unacceptable.
Methods for frameless fastening of drywall
Sheathing walls with drywall without a frame is carried out in two ways, the choice of which is made based on the characteristics of the room being repaired.
There are several options for cladding: gluing sheets to the wall and on self-tapping screws.
Gluing drywall sheets to the base of the walls
This is the easiest way to finish interior surfaces.
Gluing technology:
- First of all, you need to prepare wooden pegs for putting them under the drywall sheets. They are necessary to obtain small gaps between the sheet and the floor (1 cm). Gaps must also be made between sheets - no more than 0.5 cm.
- The adhesive is applied to the sheet in the manner that is most suitable.
- As soon as possible, but very carefully, the material is glued to the wall.
- With the help of the level, the unevenness of the coating is adjusted by tapping in problem areas with a rubber mallet.
- After tapping, you should again carefully check the entire surface for evenness until the mortar has hardened.
- After leveling the surface, the gypsum board is supported by a wooden plank.
The alignment of the sheets must be carried out very carefully, since drywall is very fragile and can easily be deformed.
At the end of the fastening of the finishing material, the joints are glued with fiberglass and puttyed. The roughness resulting from the work is cleaned sandpaper. After cleaning the surface from dust, it is primed and lined with the chosen method.
Installation of drywall on self-tapping screws
This method is more practical than the previous one, but the installation technology is a little more difficult. When applying this method, mounting foam and thick foam rubber must be added to the base materials.
Fastening technology:
- Having attached the cut drywall sheets to the wall, they drill holes in 10 places that will serve as a marker.
- Having removed the plate, anchors are driven in at the marks.
- Pieces of foam rubber are glued to the plate (from holes of 10 cm), which will act as a shock absorber.
- If there are sockets and switches on the wall, holes are immediately cut out in drywall for them.
- Leaning the sheet against the wall, it is fastened with self-tapping screws.
- Leveling the surface is done by unscrewing or tightening the screws.
- For high-quality fixation, holes with a diameter of 5 mm are made next to the screws, through which mounting foam will be poured.
- After the sealant has hardened, the self-tapping screws are removed, and the holes after them are puttied.
- The final stage is gluing the seams and their putty, followed by grinding the surface.
Before pouring mounting foam, you must first practice with the dosage. After the release of the sealant, a spot should be obtained with a diameter of no more than 15 cm.
Summing up, we can say that the installation of drywall without a frame is a fairly acceptable way to level the walls, which can be performed by almost every person without special skills. To do this, it is necessary to correctly make calculations and cut the material, as well as determine the method of frameless fastening of drywall. Subject to all requirements for the surface of the walls, the material will last a long time.
Among the variety of modern building materials, there are undoubted bestsellers that are used everywhere, are versatile and are very popular with builders. Drywall is a well-deserved leader in wall decoration, it is affordable and easy to use. By examining in detail the properties and specifications of this wonderful material, as well as observing the technology, you can make repairs using drywall with your own hands without involving expensive specialists and reduce costs by choosing the best option for the price, because there are several ways to properly fix drywall to the wall.
Pros and cons of using drywall for repairs
The gypsum panel, glued on both sides with thick cardboard, has amazing strength for soft crumbling gypsum, it can be cut, sawn, planed. Drywall is indispensable for leveling walls and ceilings, erecting partitions, arches, architectural structures of complex shape.
Walls with shaped niches and multi-level ceilings, columns and openings are easily constructed using GC
Repair using GKL has several advantages:
- perfectly smooth walls smooth surface which is ready for painting or other finishing, including any kind of wallpaper and tiles;
- low weight does not create a load on the wall and frame, has sufficient strength;
- does not support combustion, there are refractory GKLO models;
- comfortable standard sizes sheet, different thickness depending on construction tasks and affordable price;
- ease of processing, cutting and installation, perfectly holds fasteners;
- ample opportunities for the realization of creative ideas and the most daring design ideas;
- environmental safety allows you to sheathe walls even in children's rooms;
- under the panels you can hide communications and insulation;
The disadvantages of using the material include:
- eats up some room space, not suitable for small areas;
- afraid of getting wet, for use in conditions of high humidity, waterproof types are produced with the GKLV marking;
- breaks, crumbles when bent, so it requires caution in work.
There are two ways to install drywall on a wall - with and without a frame. The second method is considered more difficult. Let's consider both options in detail.
How to properly fix drywall to a wall with a profile
Beautiful complex partitions and flat surfaces are created on the basis of special frame from aluminum or steel galvanized profile. It slightly reduces the space of the room, but hides all the defects and irregularities of the walls, allows you to additionally insulate the room and has high vapor permeability and sound absorption.
Such elements can only be made on the basis of the frame Necessary materials and tools
To work, you should study the step-by-step instructions, draw a sketch of the room indicating the dimensions and mark the location of the frame and panels, calculate the material consumption and prepare the following tools and materials:
- tape measure, level, ruler, pencil;
- perforator, drill with mixer attachment, screwdriver;
- dowels, self-tapping screws, screws;
- wooden blocks measuring 30x50cm or a galvanized profile to create a frame, suspensions, crabs;
- ordinary and rubber hammer, sickle;
- construction knife for cutting drywall;
- special glue based on cement or gypsum, a clean container for diluting it, a spatula;
- roller, brush and trowel, stepladder;
- putty for grouting seams and fastener caps;
- drywall sheets: for living rooms- GKL, for bathroom and kitchen - GKLV. To calculate the consumption of panels, you need to subtract the area of window and doorways and add 10-15% for possible waste. The length of the panel should be chosen based on the height of the ceiling, 2.5 m or 3 m, so that the surface is covered with a single sheet.
Preparatory work
GKL sheets can be attached to various types reasons, everyone has their own technological features. Before installation work surface needs to be prepared. Here are the main stages of work:
- Take off old finish, remove dirt, dust and inspect the walls.
- For the frame method, leveling the rough base is not required; it must be treated with antiseptic impregnation.
- Using a tape measure, measure the dimensions of the wall and make markings with an exact indication of the location of the profiles and hangers. The minimum frame thickness is 4.5 cm, a layer of insulation or irregularities on the walls add thickness and mark the corresponding points on the ceiling and on the floor.
On the wall with a window, the markup should start with it - Using a plumb line, draw vertical lines in increments of 60 cm - the places where the racks are attached. suspensions, and the distance from the upper and lower rails to the suspensions should be at least 25 cm.
- For creating wooden crate fill the slats with self-tapping screws or nails vertically in increments of 60 cm, placing veneer or plywood linings under them. Such a frame should be impregnated with an antiseptic.
- Cut the aluminum profile into equal pieces. The guide UD profile is attached to the ceiling and to the floor, as well as to the walls with dowels in increments of 30–40 cm, and the verticality is checked with a plumb line. In order for the plane of the frame to be at the same level, suspensions are used, it is enough to fix each plank at two points.
All electrical work carried out before the installation of the frame - Strictly according to the markup, fix the carrier profile, connecting the vertical and horizontal strips with special crabs. If necessary, it is possible to strengthen the structure with the help of horizontal jumpers from the CD profile.
The walls are finished one by one - after installing the sheets of the Civil Code on one wall, they move to another
Fixing sheets GKL
Now you can proceed to the sheathing of the frame with plasterboard panels. It is done like this:
- The first solid panel is fixed close to the wall with two screws and its position is adjusted. Then, every 30 cm, screws are screwed in. So that the hats do not stick out and the panels do not crack, it is necessary to step back 1.5 cm from the edge and drown the screw by 1.5 mm. A gap of 12 mm from the floor after installation must be puttied.
The edge of the sheet must lie exactly in the middle of the rack profile. - A series of solid sheets is attached end-to-end from floor to ceiling, above door and window openings cut off pieces are used, they also sew up the remaining sections.
The main thing is to understand the principle of work - Putty all seams, self-tapping screws, chips. A reinforcing mesh or tape is glued to the seams. Then the surface of the sheets is primed. For better adhesion when applying a finish.
Priming is necessary for better adhesion when applying the finish.
To properly cut the GK sheet, you need to draw a construction knife along the marking line, then break the panel, opening the ends, and with reverse side cut off a layer of cardboard.
How to fix GKL without a profile
The second installation method is suitable for various sub-base materials and for small or dark rooms, as long as the walls are relatively even and correct form, then the GKL landing on the glue will be good decision. A glued wall will last at least 15 years. There are limitations for the frameless method:
- it is not recommended to fix the GKL on constantly damp surfaces, where moisture penetrates from the foundation with poor-quality waterproofing or seeps from a leaky roof;
- if the thickness of the walls of the building is calculated incorrectly, then with inside condensation forms, drywall in this case is attached only to the frame;
- if the fluctuations uneven walls are more than 40 mm.
Mounting Features
The frameless method of fixing is simpler and faster, but it requires more careful preparation of the rough base. The consumption of sheets will be equal in both cases, and the consumption adhesive composition depends on the unevenness of the walls. With differences over 40 mm, the frame method is used. Let us consider in detail the intricacies of attaching GKL to the most popular base materials.
To a wooden surface
Wooden surfaces are usually even, drops and protrusions can be corrected with a planer, and hollows can be filled with thin planks. The problem of rotting and burning wood is easily solved by treating it with an antiseptic and flame retardant.
Experienced builders recommend fixing drywall to wooden walls without using glue with self-tapping screws or screws. They are screwed in with a screwdriver without recessing in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other. The caps are manually carefully sunk into the surface by 1.5 mm and puttied.
Sheets are easier to attach to a wooden surface than to others. To the concrete wall
Concrete is porous and highly absorbent. To reduce glue consumption, primer treatment is necessary, which will increase adhesion and fill pores and microcracks.
As an adhesive composition, a starting putty mixed with PVA glue or gypsum in a ratio of 1:10 or a special dry glue for working with GKL is used. You will also need dowels 80–120 mm long. To dilute the glue, first pour water into the container, dilute the PVA glue in it, and then pour in the dry powder and stir with a mixer.
If the wall is relatively flat:
To the brick wall
Brickwork has unevenness and brittleness, which add complexity to the work. In this case, it is advisable to fix drywall on hardware 6x80 mm, 8x10 mm or driven dowels with a length of at least 80 mm and glue.
For novice specialists, a method of setting beacons from pieces of the same drywall is suitable, which will act as a frame and help to accurately align the plane of the sheet.
Liquid nails and polyurethane foam are also used as an adhesive composition. Beacons can be cakes of thick glue, they are applied in 40 cm increments. When pressing the sheet and knocking it out with a rubber mallet, they themselves will take the required size and be distributed in the cavity.
In some cases, mounting foam is used instead of glue. To the wall of the foam block
To finely level the foam concrete, it is enough to remove small irregularities using a perforator with a chisel nozzle. Gypsum is processed in the same way.
The fastening technology is similar to fixing on a wooden wall. Antiseptic impregnation will protect the base from biological damage, and the sheets should be kept indoors for at least a day to stabilize the temperature and humidity conditions. According to the layout of the GKL, attach to the wall, first fix it on diagonal corners, set strictly vertically, and then, in increments of 30 cm, in a checkerboard pattern, screw in hardware measuring 3.9x45 mm.
The cost of a frameless mounting method is 60% less than using a profile, and a flat wall will save time and effort To begin with, you should carefully inspect the wall and identify defects that will prevent a snug fit and secure fixation of the sheets, and then take the following steps:
- Knock down layers of plaster and old finishes, otherwise, under the weight of drywall, the plaster may fall off during operation and you will have to redo the entire repair. Then clean the surface of dust and dirt with a brush and a damp cloth.
The wall should be thoroughly cleaned. Instead of putty, a cement-sand mortar can also be used. - Mark the wall according to the drawing or sketch. From the floor and ceiling, it is necessary to leave a damper gap of 5–10 mm. This will provide air access for ventilation and solidification of the glue, as well as protect the GKL sheets from warping during temperature and humidity fluctuations, mark the attachment points with self-tapping screws.
The red dotted lines show how sheets cannot be divided.
How to fix drywall
Now you can proceed with the installation of the GKL:
The frameless method saves money and time, while the frame method allows you to create fancy architectural forms. In both cases, you will get perfectly even and smooth walls, ready for finishing, which last for many years and do not require special care.
