What to put on the ceiling in a bathhouse. Insulating the ceiling in a bathhouse with your own hands: we do the correct insulation of the ceiling by studying the available methods. Prices for XPS Boards

A cold roof is not designed to retain heat, so washing in a bathhouse with such a roof will be very uncomfortable. How to insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse so as not to encounter such a problem? We'll figure out.

Why insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse?

If the roof of a building is cold, this means that it is not insulated. The under-roof space is separated from the street only by a layer of waterproofing and roofing elements. This gives certain advantages:

low weight of the structure;
saving money on purchase and installation;
lack of ice in cold weather.

But there are also disadvantages. The biggest one is heat leakage. And as a result, the need to heat the room is much more intense. If cold roof the bathhouse is covered, the situation is aggravated by the presence of moist heated air. It rises to the uninsulated ceiling, cools down and forms abundant condensation, which spoils building construction and drips on the people inside.

The presence of condensation on floors and ceilings is extremely undesirable. Moisture penetrates into the structure and begins to destroy it. Depending on the type of coating, it passes from at different speeds, but always fast enough. Fungus and mold that are dangerous to humans appear. The only way to solve all problems is to insulate the ceiling.

Method of proper insulation

Insulation involves laying a layer of insulating material that will retain heat inside the room. However, just an insulating layer in a bathhouse is not enough. It will not be able to fulfill its task because it will become saturated with moisture and deteriorate. In order for the insulation to last a long time, it is necessary to lay three layers of insulating materials.

Layer No. 1: vapor barrier

The main task of this layer is to prevent vapors from entering the insulation. All vapors rising from the heated room must be contained. Proven materials such as glassine or roofing felt can be used as an insulator for this layer. Or more modern geosynthetic coatings, various membranes and thermofol. It’s good if the coating is foil, then it can also shield heat, returning it to the room.

Layer No. 2: thermal insulation

The second layer should retain heat without letting it out. Here the most can be used different materials. Which to choose, will tell you the budget and your own skills in conducting construction work. It is important that the insulation is as light as possible (then it will not create unnecessary load on the structure that is resistant to moisture) and non-flammable, as simple and easy to install as possible.

Layer No. 3: waterproofing

For insulation, protection from water only from the side of the room is not enough. Another barrier is required, but from the roof side. Water can also penetrate from there. Therefore, a layer of waterproofing must be laid on top of the heat insulator. This is a film or membrane. It is optimal for one side of the material to be completely moisture-proof and the other to allow steam to pass through. Thus, the insulation will be able to “breathe” and water will not get into it.

Important nuance. If the bathhouse is built without an attic, insulation is carried out only from the inside. If there is an attic, then thermal insulation can be installed both inside and outside the room. Decisive role The material that will be used for insulation will play a role here. For example, slab and roll coverings can be laid in any way, but self-leveling or bulk coverings can only be laid outside.

How to insulate a bathhouse ceiling: the best options

For thermal insulation, you can use different materials. Let's look at the most popular solutions.

Mineral wool

A general name for a group of insulation materials with similar properties. To insulate the ceiling you can use:

Glass wool, which is made from glass fibers.
Slag is made from blast furnace slag.
Stone wool, is made from molten rocks.

Their common advantages include low thermal conductivity, good resistance to temperature changes and fire resistance. The average service life of materials is 40-50 years, which is due to their high resistance to rotting and the proliferation of pathogenic microflora. The main disadvantages are the loss of insulating properties even when slightly wet and the fragility of the fibers, which leads to heavy dusting.

Comparative characteristics mineral wools are presented in the table

Cotton insulation is produced in the form of slabs and rolls. The first ones are more convenient to install. Some manufacturers produce foil coatings, which is very convenient, since the metallized layer reflects heat rays and retards evaporation.

Expanded clay of various fractions

Environmentally friendly insulation, available in the form of clay granules of various sizes. The advantages of the material are:

low thermal conductivity;
fire resistance;
immunity to high humidity;
resistance to mold and fungi.

Among the shortcomings expanded clay It should be noted that it is necessary to backfill a sufficiently high layer of insulation, which can lead to an increase in the weight of the floor. Besides, upper layer granules are able to absorb water, especially if the technology was violated during the production process. Wet material loses its insulating properties and takes a very long time to dry. Therefore, the presence of hydro- and vapor barrier is necessary.

Polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam

Produced in the form of slabs of various thicknesses. Polystyrene foam is a gas-filled material with low thermal conductivity. Expanded polystyrene is a denser variety. The advantages of insulators include:

high thermal insulation characteristics;
light weight;
low water absorption, especially for expanded polystyrene;
resistance to the growth of mold and mildew;
budget cost.

The main disadvantage of the material is destruction under the influence of elevated temperatures. The insulator quickly ignites and burns, releasing extremely toxic substances. This is worth thinking about when choosing this insulation for a bath.

Ecowool

Completely environmentally friendly insulation based on cellulose impregnated with sodium tetraborate and boric acid. The advantages of using the material are:

low thermal conductivity of the coating;
resistance to temperature changes;
light weight;
long term operation;
almost complete resistance to attack by insects, microorganisms, and fungi.

Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting the complexity of installation. If it is produced by the so-called “wet” method, and this happens most often, the use of special equipment is required.

These are not all coatings that are used for insulation. Sometimes environmentally friendly materials, which have been successfully used by home craftsmen for decades, are chosen as an insulator. This clay with sawdust or with leaves. The composition of the mixture may vary. Wood shavings, cement, peat, black soil, straw, etc. are added in various proportions.

How to insulate a bathhouse ceiling with your own hands

Insulation of floor-type ceilings

The floor ceiling is used in. Its main difference is the absence of support beams. The ceiling boards are laid directly on top of the wall. This greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of installation, but also gives some limitations. The design is not designed for large masses, so the insulating layer should be light.

Thermal insulation is laid as follows:

We lay and secure the ceiling strips. If it is expected that the insulation layer will be high and free space will be needed, we attach the boards below the top edge of the walls. Or we nail small sides around the entire perimeter above the ceiling.
We perform vapor barrier. We lay the selected material on the boards from the attic. If the coating is foil, then the metallized side should be laid down. We place the strips with an overlap of at least 10 cm. The seams and joints must be secured with tape.
We install thermal insulation. The installation method depends on the type of insulation. The slabs are placed one next to the other end-to-end, roll material rolls out into strips. The installation is done tightly; there should be no distance between the insulation fragments.
We install waterproofing. The film, membrane or roofing felt material is rolled out in strips. We lay the panels with an overlap of 10 or 15 cm and be sure to glue all the resulting joints and seams.

The finished thermal insulation is covered with boards or sheets of plywood.

Insulation of a suspended ceiling

This type of construction is more durable and reliable. It involves the presence of support beams that are laid on the walls. The ceiling is attached to these beams from below, hence the name. On top - the floor is attached, if it is planned. Thanks to this design insulation for bathhouse ceiling could be anything. True, the technology for laying it may vary somewhat.

We will analyze it using the example of mineral wool.

We lay waterproofing on top of the beams from the roof side. We fasten the film to the wood with a stapler. We overlap the strips, overlapping each other by 10 or 15 cm. Carefully seal the joints with tape.
We lay sheets of plywood or boards on top of the insulation. The resulting flooring can be used as an attic floor.
On the side of the room we lay insulation, placing it between the beams. The number of layers varies, but in any case one will not be enough. We lay the insulator so that the joints of the first layer overlap with strips of material in the second.
We install a vapor barrier. We cut strips of film or membrane so that they extend onto the walls. We unfold the covering with the “breathable” side down and fasten it to the beams. We do this very carefully so that there are no breaks.
On top of the finished thermal insulation, perpendicular to the beams, we mount slats onto which we hem the ceiling.

If you need to lay bulk insulation, for example, expanded clay, ecowool, etc., another technology is used. In this case, the rough ceiling is first sewn to the beams. Its cracks are sealed and a vapor barrier is installed. Then the insulation is filled in and waterproofing is installed. A decorative ceiling is mounted on top of the rough ceiling. ceiling covering.

Insulation of panel ceiling

To perform quality insulation of the ceiling in a bathhouse with a cold roof, you can use panels. These are unique modules with insulation inside. The ceiling is subsequently assembled from them. This is a more labor-intensive method than all others.

Work begins with the manufacture of panel modules:

From the boards we knock down a shield, the size of which should correspond to the future module. On the inside we nail boards that will act as sides.
We put a vapor barrier in the resulting box. We lay it out along the sides and bottom in overlapping stripes. We glue the joints. We secure the film with a stapler.
We lay thermal insulation. You can take any, but it is better to choose insulation with minimal weight. Panels with expanded clay or a mixture of sawdust and cement will turn out to be heavy, which will significantly complicate their installation.
We lay waterproofing on top. The strips are overlapped and the joints are taped. Next we lay the boards. They will become the attic floor.

The panels prepared in this way can only be lifted up and placed in place. A seal must be placed between them. This could be jute, rock wool scraps or a mixture of sawdust and cement. It is advisable to lay solid boards under the panels, which will become the ceiling in the room. They do the same from the attic side, laying floorboards over the panels.

How to insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse: a folk method

This method is widely used by craftsmen and gives good result. First, the ceiling is assembled. It must be strong to withstand a fairly large weight of insulation. Practice shows that the best option in this case, a magpie board laid across the room. If the size of the room requires it, sixty boards are laid perpendicularly on the inside to strengthen the structure.

We install waterproofing on the roof side. If required, lay the film with an overlap of 10 or 15 cm, and glue the joints. We leave an overlap at the edges so that the insulation extends 20 cm onto the walls.
We fill the sawdust with a layer of 15 cm. Do not forget to compact it well. In the recommendations, the better way to insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse from above Chips are often indicated, but they are difficult to compact, so their layer should be higher.
We lay a layer of clay, which will protect the sawdust from fire and increase the service life of the heat insulator. A layer 10 cm high will be enough.

The clay pillow is covered with boards or sheets of plywood.

Another option for such insulation is presented in the video.

In a bathhouse with a cold roof, insulation of the ceiling is necessary. It will make it possible to significantly reduce heating costs and extend the life of the building. It is only important to choose the right insulation and carry out all the work correctly.

It's frosty outside, but warm in the bathhouse. The temperature in the steam room is 80°. How to create optimal conditions preservation of heat, because it is known that hot air tends upward. Up to 40% of the heat escapes through the ceiling, so its insulation is a fundamental point in building an effective bathhouse. It is especially important to arrange the ceiling of the steam room and seal the chimney.

Choice of insulation

What is important to consider when insulating bathhouse ceilings. It is necessary to eliminate the presence of cracks and gaps, perform a vapor barrier, and select the right material for thermal insulation. All this is necessary to create a reliable barrier to heat loss and prevent the formation of condensation.

Important! Condensation formed in the insulation layer destroys it, significantly reduces its service life and quality interior decoration and the service life of the entire structure. Properly selected vapor barrier materials will eliminate such phenomena. Insulation is useless without proper ventilation and vapor barrier.

The use of natural insulation is the main condition for safety, environmental safety, not to mention the discomfort that occurs when chemicals evaporate.

Polystyrene foam, polystyrene, and phenol-based mineral wool are not suitable for insulating baths. But mineral wool made from dolomite fibers is quite suitable for these purposes. We choose from those materials that can withstand heating within 100°. The best choice:

glass wool, without any impurities, pure glass wool, the kind that is used on heating mains, is not suitable;
vermiculite made by high-temperature processing of crystals;
felt, natural not synthetic without binding threads, its resistance to high temperatures record;
expanded clay, bulk material, its disadvantage is its impressive weight.
linen material is one of the most environmentally friendly, is a natural antiseptic, is particularly strong and durable;
ecowool, a material made from recycled cellulose and wood fiber, to which antiseptic materials are added, is absolutely non-flammable.
basalt wool, it does not burn, goes to the chimney lining.

The list would not be complete without mentioning the good old old-fashioned methods, among which:

sawdust, clean, free of debris and rot, of medium size fractions; to prevent rotting, it is useful to mix them with ash;
clay, environmentally impeccable, not subject to rotting, mixed with straw perfect option thermal insulation, one of the shortcomings is that perhaps in a month or a month and a half, cracks may form in it, and the coating will have to be restored;
Moss is an ideal option, except that it’s a bit difficult to find such material.

It is better to build a bathhouse with an attic space, it is convenient to mount the ceiling pie from below and above, available natural ventilation finally in the summer net better premises for drying brooms, in a bath with flat roof deprived of all this.

Important during installation brick bath should be given Special attention sealing the beams, no matter how the ceiling pie is mounted, residual condensation will occur; to preserve the beams, good sealing is needed.

Ceiling technology

A large temperature difference requires a certain thickness insulation layer. For middle zone the thickness of glass wool, vermiculite should be at least 35cm, expanded clay should be poured 60cm thick, optimal thickness felt 45 cm.

The insulation should be laid out in a continuous layer, excluding gaps and poorly joined edges. Compliance with the recommendations for the thickness of the insulating layer will lead to the fact that the logs will be completely closed, which is correct.

How to make a ceiling pie.

First, a vapor barrier is laid, its layer should hug the joists; it is better to fasten the fabric with a stapler; the joists cannot be completely covered. Foil or material with a foil layer is attached to the ceiling boards; here it is important to ensure an overlap of 10 cm, which is fixed with aluminum tape.
Insulation is placed on top of the vapor barrier layer; as a rule, layers of material are used to cover the gaps between the joists,
Next, they put in waterproofing and if there is going to be foot traffic in the attic, install a flooring and counter-lattice with a ventilation gap.

The ceiling is then sheathed with clapboard, the boards are attached to the joists.

Important! Glass wool is covered with a special membrane to prevent the fibers from scattering, expanded clay is covered with newspapers and sprinkled with sand on top to prevent cold bridges from forming inside.

The insulation technology guarantees the longevity of the bathhouse, reduces fuel consumption, and reduces the heating time and heating of the premises.

Ceiling in the steam room

The principle of arranging the ceiling in the steam room is the same.

First, aluminum foil is laid; foil materials based on foamed polypropylene cannot be used.
Then you should carefully seal all the joints, eliminate any existing gaps, tape will help.
The next insulation element is basalt wool, glass wool, which is laid in three layers between the beams.
then a vapor barrier is laid, it will absorb moisture and will not allow it to pass into the insulation layer
Last stage There will be installation of boards from the attic side and lining with clapboard, which should be sewn onto the slats, which will provide a gap of 5-10cm for air exchange.

Important! It is good to check how well the ceiling is insulated in winter. Going up to the attic you can see trickles warm air. Carry out an audit in these places. The absence of such streams indicates high-quality insulation of the ceiling and, accordingly, the operation of the steam room.

When designing a bathhouse, it will be useful to set a ceiling height of 2.1 to 2.3 meters. This optimal height, the higher, the more difficult it is to warm up and retain heat.

How to properly insulate the space around a pipe?

Wooden ceilings are highly flammable, so the pipe should be placed between the beams, preferably in the middle. It’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with fire safety standards when starting to install a chimney. The distance from the pipe to the tree must be at least 380mm.

To ensure that the chimney opening is not too large, an element such as a ceiling assembly is used, which creates an air gap between the heat-insulating material and the iron of the pipe.

Next, a heat-reflecting screen is installed, this is a stainless steel sheet, in the inner part of which there is a layer of fire-resistant insulation, stone basalt wool. The whole thing looks like a box around a pipe. The box is made from non-flammable materials, heat-resistant magnesite plates.

After installing the box, the space around the chimney is filled with basalt wool. Then a sandwich pipe is installed, the part of the chimney that goes out onto the roof.

Important! Use a sandwich pipe equipped with a spark arrester. This design is somewhat more expensive, but it guarantees a wooden bathhouse from fire.

In general, there should be at least 25 cm from the pipe to the insulation. You can seal the cracks with clay or cement, because tightness is the main condition for heat conservation.

It is an integral rule for arranging a comfortable steam room. The old ones are still relevant traditional methods, which provide an optimal microclimate in a room with high temperature conditions.

Along with them, new materials and technologies demonstrate excellent insulation performance. To properly carry out insulation work with your own hands, you need to consider all the available options and choose the most acceptable one for yourself.

Popular methods of insulation

Based on the experience of professionals, from all materials we can distinguish mineral wool, clay, expanded clay and earth. A bathhouse, steam room and washing room can be insulated in several ways and various materials suitable for such a procedure can be used in the work.

Traditional methods are known for their inexpensive components, environmental friendliness and fire safety, but their implementation will require more time and effort. Modern methods, on the contrary, are simpler in terms of installation, but the materials will entail certain costs.

What should not be used?

If you decide to opt for modern materials, it is worth remembering that in such work you should under no circumstances use polystyrene foam. This affordable and popular insulation emits chemical substances, poisoning the air indoors, and in places of contact with hot pipe and may completely melt.

Multilayer construction

Done correctly insulation technology consists of several layers and is a so-called insulation pie, where the materials are arranged in the following order:

waterproofing (membrane film);
protective foil.

The thickness of the thermal insulation layer averages from 20 centimeters and depends on the type of roof (presence of an attic), the functional purpose of the room and the climate in the region in which the building is erected.

As a rule, in a steam room these parameters are increased and two layers of membrane film are laid in front of the insulation sheets, which will increase the concentration of steam inside the bath.

Mineral wool

Saunas using mineral wool are equally suitable for rooms with and without an attic. The main thing is to provide the ceiling with floor beams on which the insulation cake will be fixed.

This method is quite simple to implement and will not entail large financial costs. Before thermal insulation is installed, all wooden elements are treated with antiseptic agents. Further, all work consists of stages.

Vapor barrier material is divided into several types: regular, aluminium foil and membrane film. For bath room Aluminum-coated insulation or foil insulation is best. Along with protection from moisture, it provides heat reflection into the steam room, which allows you to save on heating by two or three times.

Vapor barrier film sheets are overlapped onto a wooden beam construction stapler. Using foil tape, carefully glue all joints. This is the most effective method properly and efficiently provide the bathhouse with thermal insulation.

Installation of sheathing

From the inside of the room, perpendicular wooden beams a sheathing is nailed in, which secures the insulation and is sheathed on top with facing material.

From one edge between the vapor barrier layer and decorative cladding leave a gap that will reflect heat, and the insulation layer will fit tightly onto the foil insulation.

The selected type of insulation is pressed into the resulting space between the ceiling beams of the steam room. There should be no gaps between the sheets of mineral wool; to do this, the material is compressed and placed on seats with little effort.

In order for this process to proceed without difficulty, the beams are fixed from each other at a distance less than 1 - 1.5 cm from the width of the wool.

Laying waterproofing

To reliably protect the insulation from moisture and contaminants entering from the outside, it is covered with polyethylene or thermal film.

As in the case of vapor barrier, the film is fixed to the supporting structure using construction stapler. For natural air circulation, a ventilation gap is provided between the thermal insulation and waterproofing layers.

Installation of decorative cladding

The insulation pie is ending decorative finishing bath ceiling. Cladding panels are nailed to ceiling beams finishing nails. A stainless steel screen is usually suspended above the heater (at a distance of 15 cm from the ceiling). This will protect the roof section from overheating and, as a result, deformation.

To protect the thermal insulation structure from mechanical damage, it is recommended to install a subfloor in bathhouses with an attic.

The most popular and high-quality cladding for the ceiling of a steam room is lining made of linden wood, larch or aspen.

These types of wood can withstand high temperatures and create a healthy indoor microclimate.

Folk materials

In bathhouses with an attic, heat loss is reduced by sawdust, sand and clay. At the beginning of the process attic floor covered with a vapor barrier (roofing felt, isolon) with an overlap. Cover the top with a twenty-centimeter layer of sawdust, on which earth is poured (5 cm layer).

To increase the thermal insulation effect, sawdust can be mixed with sand or clay mass.

There is a vintage reliable recipe, which meets all the requirements in baths and can be easily prepared with your own hands. To do this, apply a 2 cm thick composition made from cement, clay, sawdust and water in a ratio of 1:2:3:0.7 to the boards from the attic side.

After complete drying, a monolithic heat-insulating slab is formed, which is also fire-resistant.

Sawdust

It is better to purchase sawdust in carpentry shops - they work with well-dried material, and the shavings and sawdust are dry and lightweight.

In ancient times, sawdust was sprinkled with ash on top, but now a membrane film serves as an alternative. If you plan to use the attic space, then a plank flooring with a ventilation gap is installed.

Expanded clay

If there is no sawdust, do not despair, since you can insulate the bathhouse ceiling using common expanded clay. It has high thermal insulation properties, but absorbs moisture, which is why a vapor barrier device will be required on the side of the steam room.

Expanded clay is poured onto it (a layer of 30 cm) and the layers are completed with waterproofing material. Flooring can be installed if desired.

To maintain optimal temperature conditions and steam generation in the bath during health treatments comprehensive insulation of the building should be ensured.

All this will lead to an increase in the load on the heating equipment to warm the room, which means:

rapid wear or breakdown of equipment as a result of extreme loads;
increasing the heating time of the steam room;
increase in flow fuel material, and consequently, an increase in the cost of utilities.

To maintain optimal temperature and humidity conditions in the steam room, it is necessary to take a comprehensive approach to the selection and installation of insulating material. After all, improper thermal insulation of the bathhouse ceiling can lead to an increase in heat loss and a decrease in the service life of the interior decorative finishing.

Materials

Which better material should I use it to insulate the ceiling surface in a bathhouse? Experts recommend choosing insulation materials that can be used in extreme conditions. Below are the requirements for these materials:

resistance to temperature changes, high humidity and vapor formation;
resistance to damage by fungi, mold and pathogens;
inertness to rotting and burning;
safety and environmental friendliness;
low thermal conductivity and moisture absorption;
simple and affordable installation;
long service life.

TO thermal insulation materials for a bath include: