Decorative bridges on a personal plot - ideas, tips, practice. Moving across a ditch - wooden bridge Improving the entrance

Devices for entering the site through a ditch: creation, requirements, order of work. Checking into a summer cottage provides an opportunity for full maintenance. Without proper arrangement of the entrance to the site, it will not be possible to carry out construction work, bring in firewood, fertilizers, and even more so, a personal car. Even on foot it will be difficult to enter the entrance, which is not properly equipped.

Quite often, to ensure the required entry you have to put in a lot of effort, but the problem can be solved with your own hands if you understand the specifics of the work.

You can consider that the owners of a dacha plot are lucky if it is located on level ground and there are no problems with approaching it. In fact, such territories have an incredible topography - hills, holes, ravines, which means that there are obstacles in front of the entrance that will make it difficult for cars to access. Usually along the main road they lay drainage system, to drain sediment and flood waters, and along the front of the site there is a trench, which represents the most popular obstacle to entering the site.

The entry device can have several options:

Normal, smooth entry. This is perhaps the rarest case when all that is needed is laying a covering and installing a gate of the required width.
Entry with a drainage system. The rules for arranging summer cottages recommend laying the system along the road, which forces you to create an entrance above the drainage trench when using a pipe.
Entry through a ditch. If there is a large and wide ditch in front of the place where the gate should be, then the following entry methods are used - using pipes, using wooden sleepers, or laying. Depending on the width of the ditch, measures should be taken to strengthen the walls and create a reliable ceiling.
Entry at an angle. In this case, certain security measures are required when entering by vehicle.

Each option has its own special specifics, which must be taken into account in order to ensure normal entry not only of a personal vehicle, but also of special equipment - if construction is underway, then a truck, as well as a truck crane, fire truck, ambulance van, etc.

Choosing coverage

The entrance device to the site through the ditch is subject to the most intense wear, which is due to the high requirements for the coating. The choice of drive-in material should be made taking into account whether you have a personal vehicle, what vehicles can drive to your home, and whether parking is required. The coating must be durable, strong, resistant to climatic influences in different seasons, frost-resistant, and resistant to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays.

There are two types of coating at the entrance area - economical, hard and simple, or with a high level of strength. In the first case, it is compacted and leveled soil with a bulk layer that has the following drainage components - gravel, sand and crushed stone.

Hard coating, which has several types, deserves a separate discussion:

The choice of covering material for the entrance to the site will largely depend on financial condition owner. If the owners are not too rich, then most often they make a sand layer, but pouring concrete is still the most popular.

Regulatory Requirements

In addition to the general convenience of residents and appearance, the design of the entrance to the site must necessarily comply with SNiP standards, which help to ensure at least minimum requirements for safety and do not provide the opportunity to interfere with other people.

The following normalized parameters are distinguished:

The owner of the site must determine the entry devices himself, but at the same time must not in any way impair the road capacity and not create a personal parking lot on it. In the case where the site is also part of a gardening partnership, then the creation of a drive must take into account the rules that are established in the partnership.

How to create a drive through a drainage ditch?

The entrance to the site should not block the system, which means you cannot simply fill up the ditch. Drainage can be preserved by laying a pipe with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 meters, depending on the volume of water being drained. You can use plastic, metal, reinforced concrete and even asbestos-cement products.

Arrangement of the entrance to the site through a ditch is carried out in the following order:

Entry to the site through a high-strength ditch is made using concrete walls. This design can be done as follows:

All actions before installation and installation are performed in the same way as in the method above.
After the pipe is laid, formwork should be installed on its two sides, the height of which will be equal to or slightly greater than the height of the ditch.
Reinforcing steel rods must be installed in the formwork, the diameter of which should be from 1.2 to 1.4 cm.
After this, the reinforcing walls are poured. The width of the concrete strip should be from 15 to 20 cm.
When the concrete has completely hardened, the formwork is completely dismantled.
On top of the pipe, fill the entire space with a mixture of crushed stone and sand between the concrete walls.

When creating these types of entrances, the pipe must be laid parallel to the bottom of the ditch, i.e. be with the same bias. After filling the pipe, water should under no circumstances leak through the constructed embankment.

How to make a race from sleepers?

If the ditch is wide enough before entering the site, then you will need to make a deck - a bridge. One of the fastest and cheapest options is to use wooden railway sleepers. The fact is that it is the sleepers that are impregnated with special anti-rot compounds, which also give the wood resistance to moisture. We also note that they are not strong enough to move loaded freight vehicles. In addition, sleepers (especially those that have been used) have a special smell, which becomes stronger in the sun.

But what’s attractive about the material is its low cost and ease of installation, even with your own hands. It should be borne in mind that during the season when the soil is very wet, the sleepers may begin to diverge. To avoid such cases, they need to be very well fastened together.

Covering with reinforced concrete slab

Installing an entrance through a ditch and covering it with a reinforced concrete slab is quick, but expensive. But the strength of this ceiling makes it possible for any type of transport to enter. The main disadvantage is the heavy weight, which means you will have to pay for the work of the crane operator. Problems also sometimes arise if the walls of the ditch are weak and cannot support the weight of the slab. The most common option is to install concrete supporting walls on both sides. This will require the installation of formwork, followed by laying steel reinforcement and pouring concrete. The gap between this type of support and the walls of the ditch should be filled with crushed stone and sand, and then compacted.

Entry device with slope

Often, access to a site is complicated by the presence of a downward or upward slope. In this case, spontaneous movements of cars should be excluded and the adhesion of the wheels to the road surface should be increased. The most common way to solve this problem is to use the ramp principle, the maximum inclination of which is 24 degrees.

The manufacture of an entrance ramp is carried out in the following order:

Cut off the soil from the surface to form steps.
The entrance is limited on the sides by curbs (concrete walls). To do this, make formwork, install reinforcing mesh and pour concrete.
Pour crushed stone between the curbs, and the thickness of its layer should be from 12 to 18 cm, forming the required slope and good.
Fill the drive-in surface with concrete, the thickness should be at least 10 cm.

If possible, you can put it on top finishing coat. The most attractive option is paving slabs.

The procedure for performing concreting work

One of the most reliable and simple ways Arrangement of the entrance means pouring concrete. This way you will make both an entrance and a parking/parking area. When performing concreting follow the following order:

Remove the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm and compact the bottom.
Fill with a cushion of crushed stone and sand; its thickness should be from 25 to 35 cm (after compaction).
Lay a finished steel reinforcing mesh on top of the pillow or install a reinforcing layer of steel reinforcement with a diameter of at least 1 cm laid in the form of a mesh and cells no larger than 25 cm.
Make a solution of cement, and its grade should be at least M300 (1 part), sand (3 parts) and crushed stone (4 parts).
Fill the resulting concrete solution with a thickness of at least 12-15 cm into the driveway and compact it thoroughly. The surface should be leveled and checked using a building level.

Under no circumstances should there be depressions on the surface in which water will accumulate. It is advisable to make the entrance with a slight slope from the center line so that sedimentary moisture drains away.

Alternative

If you have big problems, can choose alternative ways solutions. With a large slope angle, you will have to enter along a curved path, which will help to gradually reduce the magnitude of the difference. If the area in front of the site does not allow you to do this, then you will have to make an extended entrance that will run parallel to the site, and there must be a turning area in front of the gate. Too large bumps and ditches will sometimes have to be avoided if you enter the site from the rear side of the site. On the front side, you will need to make a convenient bridge and install a gate for those who have income from housing, but do not get there.

When starting to develop their newly acquired plot, many happy owners are faced with the problem of difficult access to it. The reason for this is the sewage or sewage that runs along the road or even along the entire perimeter of the village. The most affordable thing that you can easily do with your own hands and that is the first thing that comes to mind for inexperienced summer residents is to drive a bulldozer or arm yourself with shovels, fill the ditch well, level it, compact it and pave it with asphalt.

Construction of the entrance to the site through a ditch

Many people do this. Great, no problems until there is a period of heavy rain or snow melting. The fact is that the sewage ditch is left for a reason, but with the purpose of directing ground or wastewater bypassing the site. Otherwise, flooding threatens the buildings, cellar, and basement of the house.

Making a correct entry into a site is more difficult than simply burying a ditch, but it is more reliable.

This work does not pose any great difficulties, the main thing is to take into account some nuances.

The dissimilar location of the sites, the terrain, and the type of soil determine various device entrance to the territory through a ditch, but still some general features must be taken into account when doing this work with your own hands. What do you need to decide before you start?

Diagram with dimensions for installing an entrance to the site through a ditch

As a rule, ditches are made on both sides of the street in the village to drain water.

The simplest structure for driving a car through a ditch.

Let's consider options for bridges for the passage of vehicles.

Along the edges of the ditch, holes are dug for laying logs (Fig. 91), for which the most resinous logs are taken.

A sand cushion 15-20 cm thick is placed at the bottom of each pit.

The beds are hewn on one side, impregnated with antiseptics or coated with hot resins (asphalt, tar, etc.). Place them in prepared holes so that the edge is at the top.

Four transverse logs are placed on top of the beds, two on each side.
Transverse logs should be hewn from above along the entire length, and from below only from the ends (where they will rest on the beds).

Rice. 91

Transverse logs are laid at the width of the wheelbase trucks, attaching them to the beds with staples or wood grouse (special large nails).

On top of the transverse logs, a flooring of 60 mm thick boards is nailed.
Better boards lay with a gap between them of 15 - 20 mm.
Thanks to this, the deck is ventilated, which increases the durability of the bridge.
Transverse logs and boards are impregnated with antiseptics or coated with hot resin.
At both edges of the flooring (on top) two boards are nailed, additionally securing it.

More durable than wood (Fig. 92).
It is made from factory or homemade concrete slabs.

Rice. 92

First, they dig holes for supports.
The supports are ready-made slabs, or they are cast from rubble concrete on site.
A sand cushion 15-20 cm thick is made under the supports.
A bridge slab or slabs, if there are several of them, are laid on top of the supports.

Pipes laid in a ditch successfully replace a bridge over a ditch.

The depth of a roadside ditch is usually 50 - 100 cm.
In autumn, the maximum height of water in the ditch is noted (dotted line A - A, Fig. 93).
If the pipe is single, then its internal diameter must be greater than the distance from the bottom of the ditch to this height.

The fact is that at the maximum level of autumn waters, permanent frosts can suddenly set in, and if the water in the ditch freezes above the internal diameter of the pipe, then in the spring the ice plug inside the pipe will not allow the melt water to escape, and it will flood not only the bridge, but also the area .

A laid pipe with a length of at least 3 m is covered on top first with sand and then with crushed stone. Both are compacted in layers of 20 - 25 cm (Fig. 93, a).

If you only have thin pipes, then install two or three of them (Fig. 93, c), but so that the maximum level of autumn waters (line A - A) runs approximately in the middle of the upper coarse pipe.

The pipes are placed one on top of the other, securing them on both sides with wooden, or better yet, concrete racks.

The pipes are filled in the same way as in the previous case.

The first step is to choose the drainage material. In this case, it is very important that it withstand strong pressure loads. Therefore, you first need to find out which pipes are best suited for driving through a ditch.

Reinforced concrete products are quite common. Their strength is not disputed by anyone. It is impossible to install them yourself. Very heavy products have to be installed using special equipment.

In production concrete look pipes in two stages:

First, a steel frame is made from reinforcement rods welded in a circle to each other.
Next, the base is filled with high-grade concrete mortar. After this, the workpiece is compacted using a centrifuge and vibrocompression.

Due to the peculiarities of production, reinforced concrete products are very durable and smooth. Therefore, in this case, you should not worry if you decide to lay the ends of the pipe under the stones.

The structure of the vibrocompressed material is as dense as possible. Therefore, water cannot penetrate inside it and cause the steel frame to rust.

Let's consider the parameters of reinforced concrete pipes:

their cross-section can be 0.3-1.2 m;
wall thickness is 140-200 mm;
length ranges from 250 to 500 cm.

Reinforced concrete pipes for drainage ditches have two classes of rigidity:

The parameter of the first category means that the product can be laid in the ground no more than 6 m. Such structures are not suitable for deeper burial.
The material of the second class of rigidity has a higher load-bearing capacity. It can be placed at depths of up to 10 m.

The main advantages of reinforced concrete drainage are its high level strength and long service life. The main disadvantages are the high cost, big sizes and weight. Concrete structures can only be laid using special equipment.

A separate type of such structures are asbestos-cement pipes for drive-in installations. They are lighter and more compact than reinforced concrete analogues.

Plastic analogues

Plastic pipes in the ditch at the entrance are the most modern. They are light in weight and easy to install. This does not require significant physical effort or hiring special equipment. Arrangement drainage ditch with a plastic pipe you can do it yourself.

Costs plastic drainage inexpensive. Important benefits material, in comparison with metal, it does not corrode and is inert to chemically aggressive environments. Drainage structures are made from particularly durable plastic. It can withstand increased pressure loads when passing vehicles. Therefore, products made from it are laid even under highways. The process of laying plastic pipes in a ditch for a driveway is completely safe. The material can also withstand temperatures from -60 degrees to +95.

In the manufacture of polymer drainage, the following are most often used:

polyvinyl chloride;
polyethylene;
polypropylene.

In most cases, PVC products are used. It can be single-layer or double-layer. In the second case, the products are corrugated pipes; they are also perfect for entering the site through them. Their upper layer performed in the form of an accordion. This increases the elasticity of the drainage and helps it withstand pressure loads.

Corrugated products may have large diameter and length from 1 to 6 meters. Also, their top layer can be filtering.

When laying in a ditch, it is advisable to use the hardest plastic drainage material. Such an entrance will also withstand heavy vehicles. The best option is to choose a two-layer plastic corrugated pipe for installation. It is the most durable of its polymer analogues.
The cross-section of such structures can range from 0.2 to 1 meter. It is highly undesirable to install used structures. They have reduced strength, and the service life of such drainage will be short.

Do-it-yourself installation of pipes in a ditch: step-by-step work order

Watch the video

When the soil in the area is prone to waterlogging, it must be drained before entering the area through a ditch with your own hands. It is important when constructing drainage not to harm the natural flow of rain, melt or subsoil water.

First, let's talk about how to make a simple version of entering the site through a ditch with your own hands. You need to work when the trench is not filled with water:

Remove the top layer of soil along the future entrance.
Scatter quartz river sand at the bottom of the trench. Level it and compact it. The thickness of the sand cushion should be 15-20 cm.
When the passage width is 6 meters, a structure at least 8 m long is placed in the ditch. Its diameter is selected based on the volume of wastewater. Most often, products with a diameter of 30-50 cm are laid. It is assumed that water will fill them by a quarter. Otherwise, in the spring season, melted moisture can fill the courtyard without finding a way out through the ice crust.
After installing the pipe under the driveway, it should be filled with a mixture of sand and crushed stone or gravel. The bedding can be done in two layers. First, fill the trench with sand, lay geotextiles on top of it, and then lay crushed stone.
In the same way, areas with the top layer of soil removed should be backfilled.
All layers should be compacted well after laying them.
It is recommended that the entrance installation be completed with concreting. Without a screed, as well as limiters on the sides, the road will begin to move apart when cars move.

A more complex structure of entry through drainage with retaining walls

It is more reliable, since the plastic corrugated pipe for entry is concreted on both sides. Thus, the road is limited by supporting walls. They can be made protruding above the drive-in plane or filled flush with it.

Here is a diagram of how to arrange not only a durable, but also a more aesthetically pleasing driveway to the site:

When the laying of the pipe in the ditch at the entrance is completed, the formwork for the concrete head is installed on both sides in turn.
Then it is highly desirable to strengthen the supporting walls with a welded reinforcement frame.
After this, a high-grade concrete solution - M-400 or M-500 - is placed into the formwork.
The concrete must dry for at least 3-4 days. Then the formwork can be removed.
Next, the pipe under the entrance is filled with sand and crushed stone (or gravel). The heads will not allow the crushed stone to move apart. Therefore, it does not need to be covered with geotextiles. It is better to use granite stone chips rather than white limestone.
After this, the passage can be lined with concrete screed, road slabs, paving slabs, paving stones, natural stone etc.

How to arrange an entrance to a site with a slope

It may happen that on your site the driveway to it will not be level, but with a slope. In this case, the slope can be both positive and negative. In other words - up or down from the roadway.

Watch the video

In any case, it is necessary to ensure sufficient adhesion of the roadway to the wheels of vehicles to ensure safe passage. There is no need to leave this situation to chance.

Entry device for slopes up or down from the road

When the terrain in front of the site has a slight slope or you are planning to build a basement garage, it is best to arrange the entrance in the form of a ramp. A road slope (up or down from the site) of up to 25 percent is considered small. In other words, for every meter of length of the canvas, the height difference is up to 25 centimeters. Before parking, the slope should be leveled to a flat horizontal plane.

The pipe for entering the site through the ditch should be laid correctly. Given the existing slope, it is necessary to carry out the following construction stages:

First produced excavation. Markings are made, then the top layer of soil is removed in the form of steps.
The sides of the race are reinforced with retaining walls. Formwork is knocked down underneath them, in which a frame of reinforcement is welded. Then concrete solution is poured into the box.
When the slope is small and the car does not need to be lowered into the basement, the edges of the road can be limited by a curb made of concrete slabs.
Then a pipe for a drainage ditch for the drive-in is laid on the sand bed.
Then the drainage is covered with crushed stone in a layer of 10-15 cm. The pillow should be well compacted.
Then the rise or descent is filled with concrete screed. Its thickness should be at least 10-12 cm. The mixture should be kneaded sufficiently dense and viscous, otherwise it will begin to slip when setting.
When the screed is completely dry, the driveway can be lined with paving slabs, paving stones or natural stone.

Conclusion

Watch the video

Knowing how to lay a pipe in a ditch for a driveway, you can arrange safe and effective drainage for the area. In this case, you can use products from different materials. They all have their own pros and cons.

Russian polypropylene RVK
Toilet for country toilet with your own hands
How to avoid water hammer in a water supply
Design of a small bathroom with shower
Diameter polypropylene pipes for water supply in the apartment

Types of ditch arrangement to form an entrance

There are quite a few ways to build a crossing over a ditch or canal. Among them, there are complex technologies where you have to use heavy equipment, and there are simple ones that are carried out almost manually. Let's look at several options that are most often used in practice.

Option No. 1 - concrete slabs

The entrance to the site through the ditch is formed with road slabs. There are several types of reinforced concrete products, but two are more often used:

1P or 2P with dimensions 3000x1750x170 mm;

PDN with dimensions 6000x2000x140 or 180 mm.

In terms of size, it is clear that the choice depends on the width of the ditch. Note that these are quite powerful slabs that can easily support a loaded dump truck. To cover the ditch, two slabs are laid across the obstacle.

Crossing a ditch made of road slabs

The reinforced concrete products themselves are a heavy material; if you add the weight of a car, and even a loaded one, then the pressure on the soil of the ditch banks will be significant. To avoid subsidence of the soil and, accordingly, distortion of the crossing, it is necessary to strengthen the places where the slabs are laid. How it's done:

They remove soil on the shore to a depth of 0.5 m.

Fill up with crushed stone of the middle fraction in a layer of 10-20 cm.

A concrete screed 20-25 cm thick is poured. For reinforcement, you can lay a reinforcing frame made of steel reinforcement, connected in the form of a lattice with cells of 20x20 cm.

After the screed has dried crane install slabs.

To speed up the installation process from using concrete mortar you can refuse. Instead of a screed, FB foundation blocks are installed. Their height is 60 cm, so you will have to either deepen the area along the shore for installation of the slabs, or install them according to the dimensions indicated above. In the second case, the laid road slabs will be located above the level of the ditch banks. For leveling, a crushed stone backfill is made, followed by laying asphalt or concrete mortar. You can line it with stone or paving slabs.

Reducing the width of a ditch using concrete slabs On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing and carrying out landscape work, fencing and small architectural forms for country house Full construction. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

If the ditch is wide enough and cannot be covered with one slab, then reduce the channel of the obstacle. For this purpose, concrete slabs are used only for other purposes. For example, for floors or walls.

They are installed at the bottom of the channel, as they say “on the butt,” that is, on the edge. A crane is used.

The space between them and the shore is covered with soil.

To prevent the slabs from folding inward, spacers are placed between them, for example, made of a metal profile or steel pipe.

After strengthening, the road slabs themselves are laid using a crane.

If the obstacle is not wide, then the device for entering the site through a ditch is formed with a pipe. It is better to use reinforced concrete products. Today they are offered by manufacturers in different sections, so it will not be difficult to find one that fits the width of the channel. It is simply laid at the bottom of the ditch, covered with soil, and reinforced concrete slabs are laid on top.

Video description

The video shows how a passage from concrete slabs and pipes is constructed through a ditch:

Driving through a channel formed by road slabs robust design. The above three options are just a small part of how to arrange the entrance to the site using a slab platform. The main task of the work manufacturer is to create durable support structures under the laid slabs. Here are some support options:

steel pipes laid across the ditch, two pipes under each slab;

logs treated with hot bitumen or bitumen mastic;

channel or I-beam.

The photo below shows an interesting support design, which itself will support a lot of weight, not to mention the reinforced concrete slabs laid on top of it. By the way, it is in this state without coating that it is used. But this already applies to the second main option.

Pipe support structure for crossing a canal This might be interesting! In the article at the following link, read about the foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes: foundation features, calculations and installation details.

Option number 2 – metal and wood

Instead of reinforced concrete slabs, other materials are used: lumber, metallic profile and sheet iron. We must immediately point out that the last option is not a cheap pleasure. It is not recommended to use used metal for crossing ditches. In addition, assembling structures of this type is not easy; electric welding and a highly qualified welder are required. This is not a place for amateurs, the area is too dangerous in terms of loading the crossing.

You can approach the problem of entering a summer cottage through a ditch and from a cheaper side, using lumber. Essentially, we need to build a bridge. It is small, but the requirements for it are no weaker than for a slab crossing. After all, a car will drive across such a bridge.

A beam with a minimum cross-section of 250x250 mm is used as supports here. You can use logs. They are laid with their edges along the banks of the ditch in increments of 1.5 m. The ends of the beams that are laid on the ground must be waterproofed: coated with bitumen mastic and wrapped with roofing felt. It is optimal if waterproofing is carried out in two layers.

Wooden crossing over the ditch to the dacha

Boards 50 mm thick are laid across the laid supports. If loaded dump trucks or other types of cargo vehicles will drive through the structure under construction, transporting building materials to the construction site, then it is better to reduce the step of laying the beams. Lay logs or beams of smaller cross-section across them on top of them, and then boards. It should look something like the top photo. Of course, the design should have a more presentable appearance.

This might be interesting! Read about the device in the article at the following link drainage pipes.

Option No. 3 – embankment with drainage pipe

This option for arranging the entrance to the site through a ditch is used more often than others. It is easier to carry out work and cheaper. It all depends on the width and depth of the obstacle.

If the ditch is small, then a pipe (metal, asbestos, plastic or concrete) is laid in it, covered with soil, and a durable flooring is laid on top of the resulting passage. It could be concrete screed, or as in the first option reinforced concrete slab, asphalt, paving slabs and other building materials used to cover paths.

Driving through a ditch with a pipe laid in it

Useful advice if you use it for travel plastic pipe, then we must take into account that it cannot withstand point loads, that is, pressure from stones, broken bricks and other materials with sharp edges. Therefore, before laying it, sand is poured into the bottom of the ditch, a pipe is laid, which is again covered with a sand layer on top. And you can sprinkle crushed stone or gravel on top.

If the ditch is deep and wide, then when filling the pipe, the edges of the embankment will constantly collapse, which will reduce the strength characteristics of the entire structure. Therefore, the edges of the structure are reinforced. Usually concrete or stone is used for this.

For example, in the photo below, the edges of the driveway were made of stone. They made walls that keep the embankment from destruction and washing away.

Drive through a ditch formed by a pipe and stone

The next photo shows exactly the same structure, only poured with concrete mortar. It is more complicated in that to pour concrete it is necessary to assemble formwork along the edges of the embankment. The poured walls are kept in the formwork for a week. In addition, it is recommended to waterproof their internal surfaces using bitumen mastic. After which the space between the walls is filled with soil, crushed stone or sand.

Concrete driveway through a ditch This might be interesting! In the article at the following link, read about a cottage on a hillside in Montana.

Conclusion on the topic

As you can see, the type of ditch arrangement along the site depends on the size of the obstacle itself. If this is a small trench, then the best option is a pipe laid in it, covered with soil. If this is a widely and deeply dug structure, then you will have to fork out money to purchase expensive building materials. In addition, installation of many will require heavy equipment, the services of which will have to be paid for. But if the entrance through a ditch is made for constant use, then you should not save on this structure.

Before starting the construction of a future driveway for a car at the dacha, first of all, you need to decide on its dimensions, which ideally should be 2.5–3 meters. Too wide a driveway is hardly justified on a small summer cottage, when it is desirable to save meters. On average, the length of a car is about 2.5 meters; accordingly, the length of the drive should be four meters. Based on this, the dimensions of the site are 3.5 by 4 meters.

An example of covered parking in a country house

After preparing your check-in plan, you can begin to calculate the cost building materials. To do this, you need to decide what kind of driving surface will be used: asphalt or concrete. If you decide to use an asphalt surface, then keep in mind that you will have to tinker with it a lot, additionally using an asphalt roller. You need to put in a lot of effort and time to complete your own high-quality styling asphalt. It is for this reason that many people choose to work with a simple concrete surface.

First of all, you need to make a foundation pit for the covering. You need to mark the race itself with pegs, then dig a pit about 20 centimeters deep. Then you should level the surface of the base for the coating, and then make formwork around the entire perimeter of the pit. Formwork can be constructed using plywood or ordinary boards.

Scheme of installation of formwork for pouring a parking lot

Then you need to make a base of sand approximately 10 centimeters high. The amount of sand that will be used is about 4 cubic meters. For arrangement concrete base will leave four cubic meters concrete mixtures. When building a driveway, you will also need to arrange its drainage, which can be done using a specially designed basalt mesh.

But if you approach the device of this important system professionally, then drainage pipes are used. If you look from the point of view of professional construction, then you need to lay drainage pipes: they are hidden in the sandy base.

The top layer of the sand base is made from a dry cement mixture.

After preparing the pit, you can start pouring sand into it. The result should be a coating approximately 8 centimeters deep. Now you need to spill the sand with water and compact it.

To do this, use a special tamping tool or an ordinary wooden block with two handles. The remaining sand must be mixed with dry cement mixture(just one bag is enough). After this, pour the resulting cement-sand mixture onto the first layer, level it and tamp it.

At this point we can say that the work on the foundation of the future race has been completed. After this, concrete work can be carried out.

A basalt drainage mesh is laid on the finished base, after which the concrete layer can be poured.

The top layer of the coating should be leveled, and it is better to do this using a special construction vibrator. To ensure that water flows down the sides, the coating is then profiled. This surface drainage of water is done using special plastic trays.

The entry for the car at the dacha is ready. Now he needs to let it sit for 20 days.

How to build a budget parking lot

The arrangement of the parking lot, first of all, should take place on the dacha plot itself, and not somewhere beyond its border. In addition, parking should not cause any inconvenience, for example, not interfere with children playing on the playground. It must also not impede the passage of others. Vehicle near your home. Therefore, first you need to equip the entrance to the parking lot, and then just begin its construction.

The entrance to the site can be equipped with swing or sliding country gates, which can also be installed after all construction work Location on. You can even build a temporary entrance to your dacha using crushed stone with your own hands. When the entrance to the site is ready, you can begin construction of the parking lot.

You will need for this:

Sand;
Gravel;
Metal pipes for drainage;
Roofing covering.

For good parking, you will need a flat and spacious space where it would be convenient for you to drive your car. For its construction, a variety of materials can be used, which will be most convenient for you to use, taking into account the characteristics of your summer cottage. One of these options could be an ordinary lawn. It is possible to plant it in any soil, and from time to time just mow it with a lawn mower.

Example of a lawn parking lot for a car

You can use sand to arrange the site - it is not only very comfortable material, but also very economical. Its consumption for this kind of work is small: the sand layer for the site should be approximately 10 centimeters. You can also save money by using gravel for this purpose. They just need to evenly cover the parking area. Both materials allow you to reliably get rid of water. Even prolonged rains will not be a problem for the site, because the water in the parking lot practically does not stagnate.

Decorative elements can be a low fence that can be used to surround a parking lot, a small border planted nearby ornamental plants or flowers. But the most important thing is to build a canopy that will protect the car from the sun, rain and snow. By the way, equipping a canopy is much easier than constructing a parking lot itself.

In the case where the place for the car is located near the building, it is not difficult to shelter it from weather troubles. Several are installed in the corners metal pipes, the “roof” itself is made from the material that you prefer, for example, tarpaulin, film. When the parking lot is located at a considerable distance from buildings, it is necessary to make an arch, which then needs to be strengthened and covered with roofing materials.

Construction of a parking lot

A home parking lot should be built in such a way that moisture from precipitation does not accumulate on it, forming slush, then this good option. This is only possible if it is perfectly flat. The formation of depressions and pits on the surface coating should not be allowed.

When starting to lay the coating, you need to have the appropriate knowledge and professional skills, have special equipment and tools, which can require considerable expenses. But a fundamental parking lot for a car at the dacha fully justifies all the money invested in it, because it will be used for many years.

The main element of personal parking will be the roof, which will protect your car from weather conditions that negatively affect it: heat, rain - or even the involuntary pranks of birds, whose droppings can negatively affect the appearance car. It is important that the roofing materials are of high quality and attached to a reliable frame. Even ordinary metal or brick is quite suitable for this purpose.

It goes without saying that reliable frame base there must be a quality foundation. When a reliable foundation is ready, a base is made, and it becomes a support for the frame of the future roof. The roof will be durable; it is recommended to make the frame from a profile or metal corners. They are coated with special resistant paint.

Timber frame canopy project

When starting to build the frame and roof of a parking lot, you need to consider what materials they are made of. After all, the material from which the supporting structures will be made must “support” the weight of the roof. One of the most popular roofing materials for parking is polycarbonate. This material is very light and has good strength, in addition, it is easy to install. After constructing the frame, you can begin to cover the roof with roofing material.

Ways to build a parking lot

Parking using crushed stone

This method is low-budget. This kind of car parking at the dacha has excellent water throughput, and, in addition, it does not crack. The negative aspect of such parking can be considered not flat surface, in which it will be very difficult to clear snow from winter. The thickness of the base layer should be 0.2 meters. For the main surface layer, a mixture of sand and gravel is used.

Parking using paving bricks

For this type of parking, a mixture of sand and gravel is used; it is installed with a slight recess under the paving bricks. This material creates a smooth surface, without the formation of dust and cracking of the canvas in winter.

Paving bricks can pass water well, so it does not stay on the surface for too long.

Some builders recommend laying paving bricks on cement. But after a certain time, the cement will begin to crack, which will lead to poor water infiltration. The traditional technology for laying paving bricks is on sand or its mixture with gravel.

To prevent the destruction of the parking lot over time, its main (bearing) layer is created in the pit. You need to pour about 0.1 meter of sand into it and compact it well.

compacting sand for a parking lot at the dacha

When calculating the depth of the pit, the thickness of all its layers is taken into account. The sand and gravel mixture requires careful compaction. A layer of geotextile is laid on the bottom and also in the middle. It is important that in the autumn-spring period the supporting layer is under no circumstances exposed to moisture. If this does happen, and the parking lot itself is located in a low-lying area, then you should take care of a drainage system and good drainage in advance.

Concrete parking lot

A concrete parking lot is one of the most durable and long-lasting options. When arranging it, the most varied cladding can be used. The base of such a parking lot is very strong, which allows the use of stone - natural or artificial - for cladding. This coating is laid using a special tile adhesive, which has good resistance to frost.

Concrete parking lot project

To prevent rain or floods from creating problems in the parking lot, when filling concrete mixture It is necessary to provide slight slopes for water drainage. And in order to avoid compression of concrete during temperature fluctuations, expansion joints must be made on its surface every five meters.

Stages

It is important to consider the main steps of how to make a good entry into the site.

First you should start filling the pillow. Crushed stone most suitable option in this case. Before filling the bottom of the ditch with it, you should prepare and clean this area.

The functional load of such a pillow is to support concrete pipes. After all, they should not sink into the surface of the earth. The pipe material is most often plastic, the size of which is 0.46/6 m. If we are talking about concrete pipe, then its size fluctuates around 0.5/2.5 m.

The next step is laying pipes using a truck crane. If the passage width is small, it is permissible to use plastic pipes.

Note! Plastic material pipes are not the worst option comparatively concrete material. The load of the passage should be taken into account when choosing.

The second stage of how to make a convenient entry to the site is to install retaining walls. By using them running waters will not wash away pre-sprinkled materials. This also has a beneficial effect on the race itself. It does not break down and can be used for a longer period of time.

Before actual installation, the formwork must be installed correctly. A double mesh is installed and filled with concrete-based mortar. Among the good brands of solution are M200, M250 and M300.

At the third stage of creating a drive to the site with your own hands, the solution hardens. The duration of the process is about a week, during which the concrete solution hardens, becomes of a certain shape, and has the appropriate quality characteristics.

Important! When pouring concrete mortar, certain temperature regime. In particular, this applies to temperatures not lower than 5.

Summer, autumn or spring time is considered the most the best option. At temperatures significantly below 5, special mixtures are used that provide for this condition.

The distance between the retaining walls should be filled with crushed stone. Geological textiles are laid on top of its area. Thus, this will increase the service life of access to the site through the pipe.