Lavatera was popularly called khatma or wild rose. The birthplace of this beautiful ornamental plant is Central Asia. Gardeners in North America, Australia and Europe are actively cultivating lavatera, admiring its unusually beautiful flowering. In Russia, growing wild rose from seeds has also become quite popular.
Lavatera annual - planting and care
The wild rose prefers a warm climate, however, it also feels great in middle lane Russia, where it can grow even on scarce rocky land. The shrub is not afraid of the hot sun, drought, frost and winds, besides, the lavatera is completely undemanding to the composition of the soil.
Suitable for planting a wild rose soil with any composition. But it should be borne in mind that a more ornamental plant will grow on fertile land.
The ideal option for growing lavatera would be light, well-drained soil. Tall varieties need the construction of additional trellises and supports.
As for the choice of planting site, preference should be given well sunny areas. This is explained by the fact that in partial shade and shade, the flowers do not fully open and do not give beautiful flowering.
Description lavater, photo
Lavatera is a member of the Malvaceae family appearance similar to bushes with small bells. The plant is compact and practically full of flowers. The homeland of the wild rose is considered to be North Africa and Southern Europe.
To date, hack has become widespread around the world, including temperate regions. Growing a plant with seeds is not a very complicated process, and given that the wild rose reproduces by self-sowing, you don’t have to worry about further plantings at all. It remains only to adjust the borders of the flower garden.
Plant care is timely watering, fertilizing, crown formation weeding. Perennial varieties require preparation for winter, annual varieties require harvesting of dried and faded plants. Hatma can be grown on a balcony or windowsill.
Types of lavater: annual and perennial varieties
An annual wild rose, when planted in a well-lit area, forms spherical bush. Plant height - 0.6−1.2 m. A huge number of buds in varying degrees of ripening ensure continuous flowering of lavatera from the moment the first flowers open until frost.
The nature of the location, shape and color of the inflorescences depends on the variety. Experienced flower growers they grow several types of lavater on their site at once, thereby creating a voluminous flower garden with bushes different sizes and colors.
Popular varieties of annual wild roses include the following:
- Tangara - a small bush (up to 0.5 m) Funnel-shaped buds, deep red.
- Mont Blanc. Annual bush up to 60 cm high, inflorescences are large, white.
- Silver cap is an annual with flowers of lilac, silver or hot pink. Plant height - up to 60 cm. Flowering - from July to October.
- Beauty - profusely blooming annual variety, bush height - up to 60 cm. Flowers are red, dark pink, pink and white.
- Three-month lavater. Plant height - up to one m. Flowers are white and pink.
- Ruby carpet is the original plant with ruby flowers.
Of the perennials, the variety should be noted Lavatera Thuringia. This is a perennial, up to 2 m high, with large inflorescences (more than 5 cm) of purple or pastel hue. Flowering continues until October.
Dwarf perennial varieties:
- Byte Sherub. Even when creating ideal growing conditions, the height of the plant does not exceed 35 cm. The flowers are funnel-shaped, white.
- Pink beauty. The maximum height of the plant is 40 cm. The buds are deep pink in color with dark veins characteristic of this species.
- Novella. It is distinguished by early flowering and is perfect for growing as a pot culture, since in a limited space the height of the bush is no more than 20 cm.
In addition, there are other varieties of wild roses that differ in the shape of the inflorescence, flowering time, bush size and color shades.
Lavater breeding methods
Perennial and annual wild rose grown from seed. Sowing is done in the spring after the end of frost. If you want to please yourself with the early flowering of a wild rose, then the seeds must be sown for seedlings in late February or early March.
The optimal timing for planting lavater in the ground:
- End of February-March. Seeds are sown in indoor boxes for seedlings.
- March, April. In regions with a warm climate, seeds are sown in open ground.
- End of April-May. Seedlings are planted and seeds are sown in the ground.
Growing from seed
Planting material can be purchased at a specialized flower shop or you can use your own seeds collected on the site in the fall.
Quality lavatera seed has a grayish or light brown shade and fan-shaped.
Site selection and soil preparation. Since the wild rose is a light-loving plant, it should be placed in such a way that future bushes are not obscured by taller neighbors growing nearby, as well as by the fence and walls of buildings.
Soil preparation:
- make prepared rotted manure;
- dig the site;
- evenly distribute mineral top dressing, which includes nitroammofoska, potassium sulfate, urea and superphosphate, all components are taken in 1 tsp;
- level the soil with a rake.
Planting lavatera seeds in open ground
IN outdoor seeds planted as follows:
In order to ensure good germination, the area with the planted seeds should be cover with transparent film. When the hatma sprouts and reaches a length of 5-6 cm, the shelter can be removed.
After this, the first loosening of the soil should be carried out, followed by light hilling of the seedlings. At the same time you can feed mineral fertilizers. Further care for plants consists in regular watering, which must be carried out as the soil dries up (to a depth of 5 cm).
The stems of tall varieties of wild roses must be tied up. If poor seed quality is suspected, more frequent sowing is allowed. If the seeds have sprouted densely, thinning should be carried out.
Growing seedlings and care
The seedling method of growing wild roses is mainly used by large agrotechnical enterprises, but this method is also used quite often in individual farms.
The date of planting seeds in closed greenhouses is determined by the planned date for planting seedlings in a flower bed. That is, if you want to plant a lavater in open ground in May, seedlings should be sown in March.
Seeds are sown in seedling boxes, and better - in special garden cassettes. If a seed is placed in each cassette, in the future it will not be necessary to plant the seedlings in separate containers, which means that it will be possible to avoid injury to the plants during transplantation, the bush will grow stronger and bloom earlier.
If the soil is warmed up to +15 ° C before planting seeds, seedlings will appear in 10-12 days. Small sprouts cannot be watered, they should only spray gently.
Planting containers after sowing seeds should be covered with a film and placed in a well-lit place. Subject to the temperature and light conditions, seedlings will appear in 14 days.
Now the film can be removed. Further care for the lavatera sprouts consists in periodic watering and turning the pots around its axis towards the light. As soon as the threat of night frost has passed, the seedlings can be planted in open ground.
Proper selection of a place for planting a wild rose, as well as security optimal conditions for its growth and development and timely care will allow you to form a chic flower garden from powerful and beautiful plants.
Planting and caring for an annual lavater are simple, so you can plant it in clay soil, where humus and sand are added. Seeds are not soaked - they can be sown immediately dry into the ground to a depth of no more than 1 cm. If you want the lavatera to bloom earlier, then it is advisable to plant it through seedlings. To make the plant grow more magnificent, the bushes are planted in lighted areas, watering once a week as the soil dries. By regularly feeding the plant, you can significantly improve its flowering and promote faster bud set.
... or seedlings
To quickly get seedlings, you can plant them in a greenhouse or immediately in the ground, but cover with a film. This should be done towards the end of April. The soil is prepared in advance - it is mineralized with fertilizers based on phosphates and potassium, humus or urea. Then the soil is lightly watered with warm water, and the seeds are sown to a depth of about 1 cm. From above, the planting is mulched and covered with peat. After 1.5 weeks, the first shoots appear, and already in May, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. It is noteworthy, but the one-year-old lavater, planting and caring for which is so simple, can transform any garden in a short time. Lavatera self-sows in the fall, so next spring you will be provided with the seeds of this bright, beautiful plant. Lavatera blooms for almost a month, after which the formation of the seed box begins. Seeds are formed in a green box at the place where the flower dies. You can collect them after the box is completely dry - this means that the seeds are already completely ready for collection. If suddenly the seeds turned out to be wet, they should be dried, left to be stored in a paper bag until the next planting.
reproduction
For bouquets and more
And worries. There are magnificent plants that require minimal care. These species include lavatera (khatma) flowers, which are grown as annuals and perennial crops. On sale there are a lot of different varieties that may differ in stem height and bud color.
Botanical description
Lavatera (Lavatera) - a flowering plant that has received recognition from gardeners for its beautiful appearance, permanent lush bloom, variety of varieties, easy care and unpretentiousness.
Abundantly flowering bushes of various colors will decorate any garden or flower bed for a long time.
In height, depending on the species, the plant grows from 30 cm to 3 meters. The root system is strong, has many branches. Shoots erect, covered with rough bark Green colour. The leaves are usually dark green in color with veins, ranging in size from 15 to 30 cm, covering the entire branch, increasing closer to the root.
Khatma blooms throughout the summer period until the end of autumn. Flowers have a pleasant aroma with hints of spices. After pollination, the seeds ripen in seed pods.
Species and varieties
Lavatera belongs to the Malvaceae family. The first description of Lavater was given by doctors with the surname Lavater - two brothers who were fond of methods traditional medicine and study the medicinal properties various plants. They discovered the culture in the wild on the European continent, not far from Zurich. However, later biologists found similar flowers in North America and off the coast of Australia.
Lavatera has 25 species, which, in turn, are divided into annual and perennial.
The most popular in gardening are 3 types:
- Annual (Lavatera trimestris).
- Perennial (Lavatera thuringiaca) or dog rose, Thuringian hatma.
- Biennial (Lavatera arborea) or tree.
The annual is a lush bush with large single flowers (up to 80 mm in diameter) in the form of gramophones. In appearance, it resembles a hibiscus flower, has a white, red, purple or pink color in different shades.
The green mass is dense, the lower leaves are in the shape of hearts, the upper ones look like elongated triangles.
Flowering is very active, begins in mid-June and continues until late autumn.
Popular varieties of annual lavatera:
| Variety | Appearance |
|---|---|
| Mont Blanc | Large white inflorescences cover the bush, up to 1 meter high. |
| Silver Cap | Height - up to 70 cm, pink flowers with dark veins. |
| Barnsley | Differs in the presence of flowers on one bush different stages openings - from buds to a full-fledged gramophone. |
| Twins Hot Pink | Height - up to 40 cm, the color of the petals - rich pink. Used to decorate park borders. |
| Gorgeous | The bush grows up to 60 cm. It blooms in pink shades. |
| tanagra | It grows to a height of 50 cm, with bright red large flowers. |
| Novella | The shortest representative of the variety is up to 20 cm, the flowers are large, pink. |
Annual lavatera in the photo:
Perennial khatma looks a little simpler, has a similarity with mallow. The plant of this species can reach a height of up to 2.5 meters. The flowers are collected in small inflorescences and smaller. The density of the bush is significantly inferior to the one-year-old species, the leaves are smaller, light in color, practically absent at the top of the bush.
The dog rose (the second name of the species), although it is inferior to its one-year-old relative in beauty, it has other advantages: it reproduces by self-sowing, has healing properties. From its flowers, a medicine is prepared to relieve stomach pains, from the leaves - compresses for boils, abscesses, purulent wounds. Decoctions from the roots of lavatera are used to treat coughs, colds, joint diseases, and rheumatism.
Varieties of Lavatera thuringiaca differ in flower color:
- Ai Ketcher - pink flowers, brighter in the middle, lighter - along the edges of the petals;
- Mystic Merlin - a very bright, popular variety with flowers from lilac-crimson to purple hues;
- Lilac Lady - lilac flowers different saturation;
- Barnsley Baby - light pink with a brighter center.
Perennial lavatera in the photo:
Biennial Lavatera - rare view more common in Mediterranean countries. The plant is large, powerful (up to 3 m in height), the leaves are large (15-22 cm), the trunk is tree-like. Flowers can be located singly or collected in bunches of 3 - 7 pieces, 4 - 5 cm in diameter. The petals are painted in purple, raspberry, pink.
Varieties of tree-like lavater:
- Rosea - flowers of coral or rich salmon color;
- Mallow Linnaeus - the stems of the plant are strewn with pink or purple single flowers;
- Candy Floss - flowers with light pink petals;
- Moorish - purple inflorescences.
Tree-like lavater in the photo:
Each type of lavater has its own individuality and peculiarity, but they all have a unique quality for plants - unpretentiousness in care and resistance to diseases.
Growing lavatories from seeds at home
All varieties of khatma are able to propagate by seeds, in addition, in open ground they are actively sown on their own. It is enough to plant a plant once on the site and you will not have to worry about its reproduction for all subsequent years.
When you can plant lavatera with seeds at home is determined depending on the climate. If they plan to plant in a flower bed in May, the material is sown in March. In colder climates and transplanting to the site in early summer, the seeds are sown in April.
Wooden or special plastic trays are chosen as containers for planting, separately for each variety. The soil is used purchased universal or prepared independently by mixing the earth with compost and nitrogen fertilizers. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the containers - expanded clay or crushed tree bark, prepared soil is poured on top and moistened well.
On the surface of the soil, grooves are made 1 cm deep at a distance of 5 cm from each other. Dry seeds are placed at the bottom of the groove, covered with soil and covered with film or glass trays, creating a greenhouse effect.
The first shoots appear 8-12 days after sowing. The shelter is briefly removed, providing the sprouts with access to fresh air, then the trays are covered again. When the seedlings are strong enough, the film is removed.
It is necessary to constantly monitor the soil moisture, water it with slightly warm settled water from a spray bottle so as not to damage the delicate sprouts.
If sunlight hits the seedling box on only one side, it must be periodically turned over to the other side to the light. In case of insufficient lighting or cloudy weather, additional lighting is installed next to the tray, placing it at a distance of at least 30 cm from the seedlings.
After the formation of 4 true leaves, the lavater needs to dive. Each sprout is transplanted into a separate glass or seedling mold. If the pick is carried out in a mold, the distance between the shoots should be 25 cm.
The soil is poured on top of the drainage, then a plant is placed in it, the root of which is pinched by 1/3, watered.
Many gardeners prefer not to pick, but to thin out seedlings right in the box and land on flower beds directly from it.
Landing lavater in open ground and care
When transplanting a garden rose (sometimes called lavater) to flower beds, the necessary preparation is carried out:
- dig the ground to a depth of 25–30 cm;
- fertilize the soil - for each square meter add ½ bucket of humus or other organic fertilizer;
- a mineral mixture of urea, potassium sulfate, nitrophoska and superphosphate is scattered on the surface;
- the soil is well loosened and watered.
Lavater seedlings are planted at the rate of: 4 pieces per 1 square meter. The first top dressing is recommended to be carried out a week after planting in the ground with the addition of a composition based on potassium and phosphorus. The plant begins to bloom 2.5 - 3 months after seed germination.
Throughout the season, khatma is fed 2 to 3 times. Before flowering, during the growth of the crown, nitrogen- and potassium-containing fertilizers are useful; during the period of throwing out buds and blooming flowers, phosphorus mixtures must be added to the soil.
Young roses are regularly weeded, weeds are removed near them, and the soil is loosened to allow oxygen to reach the roots.
important for lavatera proper watering- It is necessary to ensure that the plant is sufficiently moistened. In summer, hot weather, it is enough to water the plant once every 4 to 6 days, directing a stream of water under the root. Moisture deficiency reduces the number of buds on a rose, leads to wilting of the leaves.
A place for a flower garden is chosen well-lit, calm. Such conditions provide active and full-fledged flowering of lavatera. Faded buds are recommended to be cut, such actions increase the number of new flower buds on the shoots.
The lavatera bush has a neat, beautiful shape, so it does not need pruning and crown formation.
Ripe seeds are sown in the soil on their own, winter in it and germinate in April - May after it warms up enough.
To collect seeds for seedlings, they are collected in autumn from faded buds, stored at room temperature in a place protected from light.
At the end of autumn, before the onset of cold weather, perennial lavater preparing for winter. Before shelter, dry branches, the remains of peduncles are removed from it. The shoots are carefully bent to the ground, fixed and covered with straw, pine branches, dry foliage, or covered with peat. In this form, the plant is protected from frost and wind. In the spring, the covering material is removed, the damaged branches are cut off.
Annual varieties of the rose bush are cut before winter, the soil is dug up.
Video from the cycle "Marina Flowers":
Diseases and pests
One of the advantages of khatma is its resistance to diseases and garden pests.
If the damage to the rose bush is extensive, it is better to get rid of the plant - dig it up and burn it, and treat the earth with a disinfectant solution of potassium permanganate.
Lavatera is an ornamental plant, it is rarely combined in a flower garden with other types of flowers. Tall varieties look beautiful alone, low rose bushes are planted to decorate park paths, flower beds, gardens or other areas. Lavater looks especially beautiful in group plantings of garden flowers, selected by color.
Lavatera or wild rose, among the abundance of cultivated flowering plants, manifests itself as a modest and lovely flower. Lavatera belongs to the Malvov family. A huge number of varieties of lavater show the richness and brightness of colors. The different height of the stems allows you to grow it on both garden plot, as well as in room conditions. Brilliant, delicate, marvelous flowers are used to create spectacular garden compositions.
Lavatera perennial or annual grows in the expanses of southern Europe and the African continent. Apart from basic types cultivate a huge number of wonderful varieties of lavatera from the very various colors petals. A completely undemanding plant forms dense thickets, densely showered with voluminous, gramophone-like flowers. The popular name of lavatera is "khatma" or "wild rose". Lavater bushes look amazing and natural on the garden plot and in the home greenhouse on the windowsill.
Lavatera has a powerful branched rhizome. Shoots are straight, sprawling, up to 150 cm high, lined with velvety dark olive bark. Large branches are dotted with lobed leaves. Between the veins, the dark olive leaf plate is quite soft, rough or covered with tiny villi. The upper leaves are much smaller than the basal leaves, growing opposite each other along the entire length of the stem.
Lavatera is popular for its long, generous, marvelous blooms that last from June to October. The corolla, shaped like a funnel, up to 10 cm long, is formed by five voluminous petals. Petals are painted either in one color, or endowed with smooth transition colors from one shade to another. The petal closer to the center becomes narrower and has a corrugated surface. Bisexual flowers, in the axils of the leaves and at the top of the stem, are collected in fleshy inflorescences, similar in shape to brushes. Inflorescences bloom in several copies and successively replace each other. In the center of the flower there is a short, rather dense column, covered with long filament-like stamens and an ovary. Accompanying flowering is a sweet, tart aroma that attracts insects. Lavater flower is an excellent honey plant.
After the transfer of pollen from the stamens of the flower to the stigma of the pistil, fertilization occurs, then flat, cylinder-like seed pods ripen. Inside are elongated gray-resin seeds, which, when shaken, rattle, hitting the walls of the box. Ripe seeds have a gray-brown color, they do not stick to the walls of the box, but are easily shaken out of it. It is time for the seeds of wild roses to ripen at the beginning of autumn.
In order to collect lavatera seeds, you need to carefully cut off the boxes, scatter the seeds on a surface covered with paper, then dry them in a well-ventilated room. Store lavatera seeds in a canvas bag or paper bag.
The wild rose is used to decorate lighted and shaded garden areas. Miniature lavatera bushes look very picturesque together with tall plants, for example, with gladioli or park roses.
Species and varieties
The genus includes 25 plant species; in culture there are two types. The most widespread is the three-month-old lavatera, another frequently used species is the perennial lavatera (Thuringian).
Lavatera perennial in the first year of life actively develops the root system. It blooms in the second year - in spring or early summer. Pleases with charming flowers until late autumn. To preserve the decorative effect, faded buds are cut off.
Annual varieties are completely removed in the fall, and the soil is dug up. The following year, in the spring, self-seeding shoots will appear at this place, which, after thinning, will form a new flower bed. Perennial varieties are covered with spruce branches for a successful wintering. The stems are carefully pressed to the soil and pinned.
Lavater varieties are distinguished by a riot of colors: everyone will find a variety that suits everything. Also, many flower growers create a mixture of types and varieties of lavater in the flower bed.
Lavatera three-month: varieties
Lavatera three-month-old is a plant with chic bushes up to 120 cm high. Lobe light turquoise leaves are located along the entire length of the shoots, becoming smaller closer to the top. In July, single flowers up to 10 cm in diameter bloom in the axils of the leaves, shaped like small gramophones. Flowering is quite long and generous.
Lavatera "Pretty Woman"
Lavatera "Pretty Woman"
Lavatera beauty red is a variety that is a tall spreading bush with large bright crimson, snow-white, mother-of-pearl flowers.
Lavater "Silver Cup"
Lavater "Silver Cup"
Lavatera Silver Bowl is a shrub up to 70 cm high, covered with silver-crimson flowers with stripes of a scarlet hue. The flowers are large, shaped like a funnel, open, about 10 cm in diameter. Representatives of this variety are cold-resistant and drought-resistant.
Lavatera Melange
Lavatera Melange
The plant is strong, strongly branched, reaches a height of 90 cm. The diameter of the flowers varies from 6 to 9 cm, their shape is funnel-shaped, the color is snow-white, scarlet, the color of strawberries. Buds appear from mid-summer and fade with the onset of cold weather. Lavatera Melange is a cold hardy variety that tolerates heat well and grows in almost any type of soil.
Lavatera Silver Cap
Lavatera Silver Cap
Plant with lush bushes. Lavater Silver cap is distinguished by salmon-colored flowers.
Lavater "Mont-Blanc"
Lavater "Mont-Blanc"
The bush is medium, up to 75 cm, densely leafy. Lavater Mont-Blanc is distinguished by numerous voluminous snow-white flowers without veins. Connoisseurs of the plant world use this variety in group plantings to create hedges. Garter representatives of this variety is not required.
Lavatera ruby queen
Lavatera ruby queen
Lavatera ruby is a variety distinguished by scarlet flowers.
Lavatera New World
Lavatera New World
Lavatera new light - strong, branched, unpretentious plant, up to 120 cm high. It blooms for a long time, profusely and brightly, from the end of June until late frosts. The flowers are funnel-shaped, large, up to 10 cm in diameter. The shades of flowers are snow-white, pale salmon and crimson. The plant is cold-resistant, photophilous and drought-resistant, there are no requirements for soils. Grown by direct sowing in the ground or seedlings. Representatives of the variety are attracted for planting in groups, rose gardens, and flower beds.
Lavater "Novella"
Lavater "Novella"
Annual. The first flowers appear on the plant when it grows to only 20 cm. During this period of time, the flower is perfect for pots, patios, flowerpots. Novella Lavater is distinguished by voluminous flowers up to 10 cm in diameter, which retain their freshness for a long time, regardless of weather conditions. The plant has a different height depending on the place of cultivation: 20 cm - in pots, 60 cm - in open ground.
Lavatera Girlfriend
Lavatera girlfriend is a branchy plant, 80-100 cm high. A variety with funnel-shaped, expressive, outstanding flowers up to 10 cm in diameter, snow-white, salmon and mother-of-pearl in color. Used for flower beds and cutting, look wonderful in ordinary plantings.
Lavatera thuringian
Lavatera thuringian
Lavatera Thuringian - a shrub up to 2 m high. Lavatera perennial (Thuringian) is a species that has straight, sprawling shoots covered with leaves shaped like a round heart. Lavatera perennial has leaves and stems covered with hard smoky villi. Fleshy racemose inflorescences bloom by mid-June. The leaves of this species have medicinal properties.
Varieties:
- Mystic Merlin - a bush up to 180 cm high, covered with scarlet or purple flowers;
- Bregon springs - on large shoots 1.3 m high, mother-of-pearl flowers bloom with strawberry-colored stripes;
- Barnsley Baby - a bush of medium height, covered with mother-of-pearl buds;
- Lilac Lady - has purple flowers;
- Bregon Springs - with salmon-colored buds;
- Burgundy Vine - blooms with pale pink flowers;
- I Catcher is a variety with crimson-pink flowers.
Exists biennial or arboreal lavathera. It grows up to two meters high and has a graceful stem with scarlet flowers, shaped like hibiscus inflorescences.
tree lavatera
Varieties:
- Candy Floss - has flowers of a light ruddy hue;
- Rosea - has beautiful pale crimson flowers.
Lavater Care
Sometimes beautiful summer flowers do not please the eye with the beauty that they were waiting for. The error is most likely in improper care. With insufficient nutrition, the beauty of flowers soon disappears, so care must be taken to ensure sufficient fertilizer. Lack of water, pests and diseases can also cause poor flowering. That is why it is so important to pay attention to proper care behind the plants.
Rules for planting and caring for a lavater are quite simple.
- Periodic watering: the soil should not dry out completely, otherwise the seedlings may die.
- Ensuring lighting: due to lack of light, the seedlings are stretched, its stems become weak. To obtain a sufficient amount of light, containers with seedlings are periodically turned towards the sun.
- Hardening: a couple of weeks before the expected date of planting seedlings on permanent place, seedlings begin to take out into the street. First, the containers are left in shaded places so that they do not burn out in the sun, and then they are placed in a lighted area, constantly increasing the time the seedlings are outside.
- Weed the lavater if necessary. To avoid this unpleasant procedure, the soil between the lavatera bushes can be covered with a layer of mulching material.
- Mulching (or covering the soil) prevents the surface of the soil from drying out, cracking, washing out, reduces the effect of wind, sun rays and extreme temperatures.
Watering
Water supply of plants in the garden is necessary for the full development of culture. It depends on the correct watering whether the plants will adequately receive and absorb nutrients. However, excess water can leach nutrients out of the soil. With superficial and insufficient watering, water will not be able to reach the roots. The consequence of this will be a delay in the growth of the plant, since the water will evaporate already on the surface. With persistent under-watering, plants will try to raise their roots closer to the surface, and as a result, they can suffer in dry weather or severe drought.
Important factors for determining the intensity of irrigation are the quality of the soil and the degree of its processing. Lavater should be watered regularly, but even on hot days, one watering every seven days is enough for her. The top layer of the earth must be allowed to dry out between waterings. Watering can be done with a simple watering can: it is much more economical than using a hose. From the watering can, water gets exactly to those places where it is needed, and in the right amount.
top dressing
Wild roses can grow in poor soils, but it is better to enrich the land different types fertilizers. This will keep the flowers beautiful and the plant strong. Flowers grown in rich soils have more buds than those grown in poor soil. Lavaters usually use organic additives for fertilizer, but on poor soils, mineral fertilizers can also be applied to the soil. Cultures are fed once a month. Apply urea, nitroammophoska, dissolving them in water for irrigation. For abundant flowering, preparations with potassium and phosphorus are used.
The leaves of the wild rose are dark olive in color, so as soon as they lighten, it becomes clear that the soil needs nitrogen and phosphorus. Fertilization is only necessary for extremely poor soils. As a rule, the nutrients introduced when planting flowers are enough for the plant for the entire period of flowering and growth. In the case when no fertilizer was applied when planting a wild rose, complex fertilizers added when watering.
Diseases and pests
Lavatera thuringian
Adult representatives of wild roses are extremely rarely affected by fungal or bacterial diseases. Sometimes wild rose plantings can become infected with rust. For healing, the affected leaves are removed, burned, the bush is treated with fungicides. If the plant is affected by more than 60%, then it is better to remove it from the site and burn it.
The wild rose is also rarely damaged by pests, but an aphid attack is possible. When plant diseases or pests appear, use chemicals or folk remedies. For example, many flower lovers use a mixture of soapy water and hot pepper to kill aphids.
When to plant Lavater?
Lavatera in the garden is an amazing and charming plant that becomes more beautiful every day, blooms magnificently. Lavater is planted with seeds or seedlings. The time for planting a garden rose is at the end of April. Any loose soil structure is suitable for cultivation. The premature joy of a compact and lush backstage of flowers fades due to too close planting. Garden roses need a fairly bright and warm place and should not be too close to each other when planting.
Landing
Planting a lavater does not require much effort. Any site for planting a wild rose is suitable, the main thing is that after heavy rains water does not stagnate in this place. Due to excess moisture, the root system of the lavater will rot. Sunny places are preferable, at least a few hours a day the place should be in direct sunlight and also be well ventilated.
The soil for the rapid and long flowering of wild roses is best suited light and fertilized. Important good ventilation root area of the plant with sufficient water retention capacity at the same time - a condition that almost any well-maintained garden soil fulfills.
Before planting flowers, it is advisable to dig up the soil, add humus, sand, ash and a complex of nutrients. Humus must be added 2 - 3 liters per square meter, sand and ash are added in equal proportions, depending on the type of soil. Mineral fertilizers for flowers make according to the instructions. When the plants accumulate, thinning is required.
How to grow lavatera?
Lavater is grown by planting seeds in open ground or seedlings. Flowers grown through seedlings bloom much earlier.
Growing lavatera from seeds: how and when to sow lavatera?
Fresh lavatera seeds have excellent germination, and the growing process is quite simple. Growing lavatera from seeds will be mastered by any novice grower. Wild rose seeds can be sown directly into the ground or grown through seedlings. Sowing seeds in open ground occurs at the end of April, when the soil temperature reaches 18 degrees. Holes are made in the soil up to 4 cm deep, the distance between them is 25 cm. One or two lavater seeds are sown in each hole, after germination they leave one of the strongest flowers.
After 14 days, the first shoots sensitive to low temperatures appear. At night, to protect from freezing, the sprouts must be covered. When sowing wild rose seeds, you need to remember that they quickly lose their ability to germinate, so seeds that are more than three years old are unlikely to give friendly shoots.
In order for the plant to please with buds before mid-summer, in mid-March, experts in the plant world grow seedlings from seeds. Prepare containers with drainage holes. Pots and cups are preliminarily doused with boiling water or water with the addition of manganese for disinfection, then they are washed and dried. Drainage is poured into pots, then a mixture of hardwood and peat, watered. Next, the seeds are planted, immersing them in the soil by 1 cm. In general, the depth and frequency of sowing are very important. In too dense plantings, due to lack of air and light, fungal diseases develop especially intensively.
Before emergence, containers are covered with glass or transparent film to maintain a constant microclimate. Periodically, condensate is removed from the surface of the coating material. The first sprouts can hatch in 10-12 days. As soon as they rise by 1-2 cm, the covering material is removed.
If some specimens of lavatera seeds germinate for too long or the sprouts are weak, then such seedlings are thrown away, they will no longer please with abundant flowering. For the full development of seedlings of a wild rose, a lot of sunlight. The air temperature should be around 20 degrees.
A month after germination, in the absence of a threat of frost, seedlings can be planted in open ground.
Transfer
Lavater transfers well before flowering.
reproduction
The wild rose reproduces well by seeds; a few pieces are enough for planting. Seeds germinate quickly and in the future, with proper sowing and care, provide good seed. In subsequent years, you can plant your own seeds on the site. Lavater can be grown both by direct sowing in open ground and by seedlings.
Some secrets of growing lavatera
A wild rose is not capricious, but, nevertheless, it is advisable to take into account some of the nuances of care. In the process of planting young specimens of the lavatera flower in open ground, remember to leave a distance of about 30 cm between plants. The more magnificent the perennial grows in the future, the more space it will need.
For the June flowering of a wild rose, seeds should be planted on seedlings in March-April. If you plant seeds in the ground in early May, you can admire the buds in 2.5 months. To prolong flowering, lavators periodically collect ripe, dry seeds. The process of collecting seeds is not troublesome: the buds fade, in their place boxes with seeds appear. It is recommended to remove the boxes from the bush when they turn brown, and when tapped, the seeds will spill. Store the seeds in a dry place, this will extend their germination up to 5 years.
Lavater in landscape design
It is very important what flowers grow on the site, because the garden also reflects the personality of the owner, like his house. Nothing has the power to change the look of a home like a green, flowering environment. The variety of lavatera varieties enable connoisseurs of these beautiful flowers choose and plant specimens to your liking in the flower bed. Lavater's landscape design used as a luxurious decoration of borders, flower beds, garden gazebo. Wild rose combines amazingly with irises, sage, verbena, phlox, dahlias.
Application in medicine
Traditional healers actively use useful properties wild rose, which helps with many ailments. Medicinal raw materials are leaves, roots and flowers. The leaves are harvested at the stage of budding of the plant. dried on outdoors under a canopy or in a well-ventilated area. The roots are dug up in autumn. Dry in an oven or dryer at a temperature of 50-60 degrees. Leaves and flowers are stored for 2 years in a closed glass container, and the roots are in boxes or bags.
Lavater leaves contain vitamin C and are used to treat skin conditions and rashes. A decoction of the roots of lavatera helps patients with lung diseases, relieves the symptoms of a cold, helps to solve problems of the digestive system. An ointment prepared using dried lavatera leaves relieves sharp pain with diseases of the joints and muscles or damage to peripheral nerves.
If you want to decorate your site with original and unpretentious flowers, then information about what a lavater is, planting and caring for it, and other growing secrets will be useful and interesting. gardeners give good advice, which will help to spread the plant in almost any area.
Lavater in landscape design
If you want to decorate your territory and create an original composition, experts advise choosing a lavater that looks good on its own and goes well with other cultures. Many people are interested in how lavatera blooms, so there are many shades and the most common is white, pink, purple and purple. The flowering process is long and it begins in summer and ends after the first frost. It is recommended to combine this flower culture with irises, verbena, sage, delphinium and other plants.
Lavater, planting and caring for which includes several mandatory procedures, looks great near sprawling shrubs and near large trees. Such flowers are also planted on lawns with grass. High grades are suitable for the formation of hedges and for decorating various buildings. In group plantings, several varieties of lavatera look great. If they have different heights, then you can get an amazing composition. It is important to consider the combination of colors.
Lavatera - varieties
On your site, you can plant three types of lavater: one-year, perennial and two-year, which is represented by a tree-like bush. The first two species will be discussed later, and as for the third type, you need to find out what the lavater looks like, as this plant has a straight and slender stem that reaches a height of up to two meters. Its leaves are oval and the flowers are red-purple. Flowering is observed from July to mid-September. The main varieties of tree-like lavater, planting and caring for which do not differ from other species: Rosea and Candy Floss.
Lavatera annual
The plants of this group are three months old and are characterized by lush bushes, from 50 to 120 cm high. The leaves are lobed and their color is light green. They are located along the entire length of the shoots and become smaller towards the top. In the description of the lavatera, it is indicated that in July single flowers appear in the axils of the leaves, which have a funnel shape. Their diameter is 10 cm. Flowering is abundant and lasts a long time. The main varieties are Beauty, White Sherub, Silver Bowl and Tanagra.
Lavatera perennial
Plants belonging to this group are called "Thuringian". The height of the shrubs reaches 2 m. The shoots are upright and branched. They are covered with heart-shaped or rounded leaves. When figuring out what a lavater flower looks like, it is worth noting that there is a hard pile on the leaves and stems gray color. Inflorescences are racemose, and axillary inflorescences bloom in mid-June. The main varieties are Mystic Marilyn, Bregon Springs and Barnsley Baby.
Lavatera - landing
Seeds can be collected independently or purchased from a store. If they are of high quality, they will have a fan-shaped shape and a light brown or grayish color. The instructions on how to plant a lavater emphasize the need to choose good site and prepare the ground.
- The territory should not be in the shade, as the culture is photophilous.
- The pre-selected land must be fertilized with rotted manure, and then it is dug up according to the standard scheme.
- After that, the mineral top dressing is evenly distributed, which should include 1 teaspoon of superphosphate, urea, potassium sulfate and nitroammofoska.
- The final stage of site preparation involves leveling the ground with a rake.
How to plant a lavater in the ground?
To grow this flower culture on your territory, you can use two planting methods:
When to plant lavatera in open ground?
Landing should be carried out at a time when warm weather is already established, and it will be possible not to be afraid of frost. If you want to get early flowering, sow seeds for seedlings in boxes in late February / March. Planting lavater in open ground and planting seedlings should occur at the end of April - beginning of May. For warm regions, it is acceptable to sow seeds outside in March-April.
How to grow lavatera?
There are certain rules regarding the cultivation of the presented flower crop. In order for the lavater to develop and bloom in the garden and in other areas, it is not enough just to plant a flower, so you need to properly care for it. Of great importance proper feeding and watering, and there are also a number of recommendations regarding the care of this flower crop.
Lavater in the flowerbed - watering
Proper development and abundant flowering cannot be imagined without good irrigation, which is carried out once a week, but keep in mind that the earth should dry well, if it rained, then the procedure should be rescheduled. During the dry summer, irrigation is recommended twice a week, pouring up to 20 liters of water under the bush. During a strong and prolonged heat, lavatery garden flowers experienced gardeners it is advised to spray, but make sure that water does not get into the buds, as they will deteriorate. You can apply to preserve moisture.
Lavatera - care
- In order for the lavater to grow well, planting and care include loosening the soil and the procedure must be carried out once a week until the height of the bush reaches 1 m. After that, loosening should be stopped, since there is a risk of damaging the roots.
- While the flower is small, be sure to remove the weeds, but this procedure will disappear by itself, as they will not grow with adult plants.
- When growing perennial varieties they are not cut off, but simply cut off already faded inflorescences. After the rain has passed, it is recommended to remove the flowers that have wilted, because they will convert moisture into mucus due to water, and it is dangerous for the leaves, because it will burn them.
- Many are interested in whether the lavater is afraid of frost or not, so you don’t need to completely dig out the flower, but some protective procedures are still mandatory. You should bend the bushes to the ground, fix them with staples and sprinkle with leaves or spruce paws.
- Plants large varieties need additional support.
Lavatera garden - top dressing
Loose, light and nutritious soil is necessary for proper development. The instructions on how to grow a lavater indicate that top dressing should be carried out twice before the formation of buds and after that.
- If fertilizers were not applied before planting, then care implies top dressing 20 days after planting. For this you need to use a solution, for the preparation of which 1 tbsp is taken in a bucket of water. spoon and the same amount.
- If fertilizers have been applied, then during the formation of buds, lavators, planting and care will include the use of such top dressing: 1 tbsp is taken per bucket of water. a spoonful of sodium and potassium sulfate.
How to propagate a lavatera plant?
To increase the number of plantings, no special procedures are needed, since reproduction occurs by self-sowing. It is worth noting that the lavater in the garden does not lose signs of its variety and bright color. If, as a result of self-sowing, the flowers spread to areas not intended for its reproduction, then you will have to wait until the seedlings grow up to transplant. You can collect seeds yourself and this is done in the fall. Shoot whole boxes without gutting them. In the spring, plant them in a new flower garden. The survival rate of the lavater is 100%.
Lavater in the flowerbed - diseases and pests
The plant is resistant to various diseases and pests. In rare cases, some problems are possible:
- Lavater flower, planting and caring for which must be carried out according to the rules, can be affected by aphids. To deal with insects, you need to wash them off. soapy water or you can spray with a systemic preparation.
- Another one possible problem- rust ( fungal disease). It manifests itself as pustules of yellow or orange color, which are located on the leaves from the underside. When they ripen, they crack and spores come out of them, infecting healthy plants. To deal with the problem, remove the affected parts, and then spray, for example, with Topaz or.
