According to experts, the process of growing cucumbers is simple in itself. But without knowing the nuances, you will not wait for a large number of tasty and crispy cucumbers. Beginner gardeners who plan to collect at least a few kilograms of cucumbers from each plant need to know that this vegetable crop loves a warm and humid climate, as well as good lighting.

Cucumber is unpretentious to the earthen layer, but grows better on light sandy and loamy soils with low acidity. It is this type that is characterized by breathability and the ability to quickly absorb water. Availability ground water they don’t like cucumbers near the root system, just as they don’t like planting on those beds where beets and pumpkins used to grow.

List of the best varieties for growing with a photo

• F1 pace,
• Fontanel F1,
• Moscow evenings F1,
• April F1,
• Competitor,
• Levin,
• Sugar baby F1,
• Prestige F1,
• Dasha F1,
• Pinocchio,
• Zozulya F1,
• Baby,
• Marinda F1,
• ajax,
• Buran,
• Masha F1,
• hector,
• Orpheus,
• Son,
• Goosebumps,
• bathory,
• Aquarius,
• Claudia F1,
• Diva,
• Kolya,
• concord,
• Zador F1,
• Parade.

Parthenocarpic varieties:

• ajax,
• Angel,
• petrel,
• Hermann,
• gosh,
• Crispina,
• Marcella,
• Parker.

Terms of work

Planting cucumbers in the ground has its own nuances. It is better to do this when the soil has already warmed up, and the temperature has reached about 15-17 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in central Russia, in Belarus, depending on the weather, cucumbers with seeds in open ground, as a rule, begin to be sown from May 5, and such work is completed no later than June 10. If cucumbers are grown by seedlings, then permanent place it is planted 20-25 days after sowing:

Correctly choosing the best time for planting cucumbers in open ground is not entirely simple. An excellent help for gardeners in solving this problem can be a lunar calendar. See what horticultural activities recommended to be held from May 5 to June 10. Focusing on the phases of the moon, it is possible, with an accuracy of 1-3 days, to determine the most auspicious time for sowing or planting seedlings of cucumbers.

Methods and schemes for planting cucumbers in open ground

It will be right if you prepare holes for sowing seeds at a distance of about 50 cm. It is better to arrange them in 2-3 rows at a distance of 90 cm from one another.

You can grow cucumbers using a trellis, then the required distance between the holes is 20 centimeters, and between the rows - 30-40. In this case, the sowing depth should be approximately 2 centimeters, and 4-5 seeds per hole.

And the general rule for growing cucumbers in a seedless way: seeds are planted in the ground, previously soaked in water and even hatched, and 2-3 dry seeds are placed in each well with them. Treated seeds will sprout faster, untreated later. This insures the vegetable grower against the complete death of seedlings in the event of a return of night frosts.

When planting cucumbers in the ground in the form of seedlings that have reached the age of 20-25 days from sowing, one plant is placed in the holes.

The wells are arranged in two lines, called a tape. The distance between the tapes is 90 cm, between the lines is 30 cm, the sowing density between plants is 25 cm. With this method of planting, seven plants are placed per 1 m2 of the bed.

Curious landing idea (video)

Proper care after sowing

Cucumbers planted in the ground require constant attention and the implementation of all agrotechnical measures to ensure their normal growth and development.

Cucumbers are heat-loving and moisture-loving plants. Therefore, gardeners will certainly take measures to provide plants with such conditions.

Cucumber beds do not tolerate frosts, when the temperature drops to + 15ºС they slow down their growth, and at + 10ºС and below they completely stop growing. Optimal for cucumbers are air temperature + 25 + 30ºС and humidity not lower than 70%. Therefore, when grown in central Russia and regions with similar climatic conditions, the beds after planting are covered with spunbond or other nonwoven fabric. Sometimes for the same purpose they use plastic bottles with carved bottom.

As for watering, the most important thing in this matter is regularity. Before flowering, cucumbers should be watered moderately, using 3-6 liters of water per 1 m². Such watering is carried out every 6-7 days. During the period of flowering and the appearance of fruits, it is necessary to water abundantly - every 2 days, approximately 6–12 liters of water per 1 m².

Regularly pull out weeds in the garden.

If the roots of plants appear on the surface of the soil, they are sprinkled with fertile soil with a layer of 2-3 cm. This will ensure the normal growth of the lateral roots of the plants.

As necessary, seedlings of cucumbers are thinned out so that weak plants do not take away moisture and nutrition from stronger ones. It is better not to pull out weakened sprouts, but to cut them off so as not to injure the root system of neighboring plants.

In late varieties at the 4-5 leaf stage, you need to carefully pinch the apical bud. This will greatly speed up the appearance of inflorescences and ovaries.

For plant nutrition, the most effective use organic fertilizers- tinctures of mullein or herbs. When ovaries appear, cucumbers are more demanding on the presence of nutrients in the soil, but young plants are still very sensitive. For the first feeding, 1 part of mullein infusion is diluted in 10 parts of clean warm water. Later, for grown stronger plants, a more concentrated solution is made, taking only 6 parts of water. Top dressing of cucumbers is repeated every 10-12 days and at the same time the plants must be watered at the same time.

What to do to make plants grow fast

It is better to water cucumbers with a watering can with a sprayer. If you start watering with a jet, you can damage the root system. By the end of summer, it is not recommended to water cucumbers abundantly, and the frequency should decrease significantly.

And do not think that ordinary cucumbers do not require top dressing - this should be done regularly at the beginning of flowering (first fertilizer) and every 10 days when fruiting. It is believed that in just one season there should be 6-8 root dressings.

Between them, abundant watering must be followed, which is easy to combine with the introduction of organic matter. As an ideal solution bird droppings in water in a ratio of 1 to 25, or mullein 1 to 10. The application rate of solutions is approximately 5 liters per 1 m².

Another desirable procedure is weed control. Both weeding and loosening the soil are simply necessary for cucumbers. But keep in mind that the cucumber root system can be easily damaged, as it is located very close to the topsoil. Therefore, if you are afraid of harming your crop, you can simply use soil mulching. If you do everything right, you will get good harvest. By the way, you also need to be able to collect it correctly - it is necessary to prevent the fruits from drying out and collect as they ripen.

Cucumber is a tasty and healthy product, it can be easily used to make salads and wraps. But growing it is a more difficult task, which you can cope with, armed with knowledge and a little patience. As a culture, cucumber is a delicate, capricious plant, it requires close attention and dies in the absence of it.

Where to start growing

First of all, in the fall for cucumbers, you should choose a site where they will be planted. The earth needs light, “airy” like sandy loam or loam with a neutral Ph. If the soil is denser, sand is added to it (half a bucket per square meter) and then dug up, increasing its friability. But close groundwater is not suitable for culture.

When choosing a site, focus on high level illumination and wind protection. Protection from air currents is a must for cucumbers, and you can do it yourself by planting corn or sunflower near future beds. By the time the cucumbers are planted, they will reach a height of up to half a meter.

Each region has its own wind rose, so beginner summer residents can ask their neighbors where the harshest winds blow, or draw a picture on their own.

Precursors for cucumbers

Cucumbers do not like to grow in the same place every year. Observing the basics of crop rotation, a site for them is chosen after onions or garlic, which perfectly sanitize the soil. And also after cauliflower, white and other types of cabbage, peas, greens, alfalfa, clover. An undesirable precursor is beans, which are subject to some common diseases with cucumbers. All pumpkin, carrots and beets are excluded.

Autumn site preparation

Preparatory land work involves fertilizing and digging the soil. But first, the garden is cleared of the remaining vegetation, which may contain pest larvae. As soon as this is done, organics are scattered over the area of ​​\u200b\u200bfuture beds and they take up digging for a full bayonet of a shovel. It is not necessary to break the resulting clods - it is important that the layer is turned over.

The vegetation collected in the garden can be burned, and then the garden plantings can be fed with ashes.

In autumn, manure is more suitable as a fertilizer - cow or horse, at the choice of a gardener. It will require 2-4 buckets per square, depending on the poverty of the soil.

To loosen the soil, you can use dolomite flour, tuff or ash. It is not desirable to combine lime and manure at the same time, as nitrogen is lost.

Many summer residents opt for humus or compost that has been prepared in advance. But one way or another, organics should be applied in the fall, so that by spring they will be processed by beneficial microorganisms and a site prepared for planting. To neutralize fungus and pests in the soil, the site is treated with a solution of copper sulphate in a dilution of 1 tbsp. to a bucket of water.

Among mineral fertilizers, nitrophoska is ideal for cucumbers - a completely harmless preparation consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. According to the norm, 50-100 grams are applied, depending on the condition of the soil.

Preparing the site for spring planting

If the work in the garden was carried out according to plan, in the spring, as soon as the thaw sets in, the site needs to be dug up again, at the same time introducing humus or compost into it. All this is properly loosened with a rake so that the fertilizer is distributed throughout the site. Until May, the earth rests.

By mid-late May, about 7-10 days before planting, the selected area is loosened again and germinated weeds are removed. Additionally, the soil can be treated with a slightly pink solution of manganese, after which it will need to be covered with a film and allowed to warm under it for several days. The earth is ready to receive seedlings.

If no work in the garden was carried out in the fall, then in early spring humus with mineral top dressing is distributed over the site, and then the earth is deeply dug up. The introduction of lime is not desirable, alkaline fertilizers will work instead. After all the work, the site should rest, after which beds are formed on it.

Many summer residents during spring training prefer mineral fertilizers. For this, 10-15 gr. saltpeter, 30-45 gr. superphosphate, 20-25 gr. potassium salt. Complex fertilizers take according to the attached manual.

Best time to plant cucumbers

It is determined by the nature of the regional climate. In general, the most favorable factor for planting cucumber seedlings in open ground is the ground temperature above 15°C. This is usually mid to late May with persistent warm days and dandelion blooms.

If there is still a risk of night frosts, plantings should be covered with a film stretched over arcs.

To stretch the harvest season, planting cucumbers can be done at intervals until mid-June. Longer does not make sense, since cucumbers need a shortened daylight hours for normal development.

The same goes for seeds. Seeds "wake up" and germinate at the same soil temperature - from 15°C. To determine how warm the soil is, you need to insert a thermometer into the ground by 10 cm and then navigate according to the readings.

The exact planting dates cannot be said, as they vary from region to region and from year to year. But, unambiguously, landing in open ground so much tender culture is more suitable for the south and middle lane countries. In other regions, a short cool summer will not allow vegetables to ripen, which means that greenhouses and greenhouses will be indispensable.

Planting cucumber seeds in open ground

You can plant cucumbers with seedlings and seeds. The second method is more suitable for southern areas, where spring comes earlier, and the soil begins to warm up in April. And yet, the planting of cucumber seeds in the garden is carried out no earlier than May, after planting the seedlings, when the spring weather finally came into its own.

The choice of method is the personal preference of each farmer. But be sure to take into account the type of planting material to use: will it be hybrid varieties or harvested with one's own hands and adapted to the conditions of the region. But the thing is that hybrids are undoubtedly more prolific, but they are much more demanding on growing conditions, and it is more convenient to provide these conditions in a greenhouse.

Seeds of old varieties, although they require increased protection in the ground, are much more adapted to external environmental influences. Moreover, these are their own, local cucumbers, the seeds of which can always be used for bookmarking in future seasons, unlike hybrid seeds.

The disadvantage of the seed method of growing cucumbers is a late harvest and its rapid return, after which the tops turn yellow and dry. But if you properly prepare the site and planting material, this shortcoming can be slightly corrected.

Seed preparation

Dry seeds can also be planted in the ground, but it is better for them to undergo full preparation for planting. This is done in stages:

Seed selection

An important point that allows you to detect only high-quality seed. To do this, stir 3 tbsp. table salt in 1 liter. water, where cucumber seeds are placed. Healthy, full-fledged seeds will remain at the bottom.

The rest can be safely thrown away - they will not have any shoots.

Cucumber seeds remain valid for 10 years. But this ability reaches its maximum at 2-6 years of storage. Therefore, for planting, it is recommended to use seeds of this age.

warming up

This procedure is carried out near heating pipe within a month. The temperature in the room should be up to 28°C. You can carry out express heating in the oven at 50 ° C or pour seeds warm water 45-50°C and leave in a thermos for half an hour. Warming up makes the seeds more responsive and reduces the number of barren flowers.

Hybrid seeds do not require heating.

Disinfection

Traditionally, cucumber seeds are disinfected for half an hour in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, but you can use both an iodine solution and garlic infusion (an incomplete tablespoon of chopped garlic in one glass of water). Disinfection well protects seeds from fungal diseases.

Stratification

This is a kind of hardening of seeds, which is carried out after disinfection seed. To do this, the seeds are placed in the refrigerator (not in the freezer) for a day and a half.

Soak

Experienced gardeners soak the seeds in nutrient solutions prepared on the basis of biostimulants, such as Energen or Epin. If possible, it is better to take water for the solution from melted snow - it has a more beneficial effect on the development of the first shoots.

For soaking, they take gauze soaked in a solution and folded into two or three, which cover the dish. On top of it, carefully, in one layer, spread the seeds, after which the dish is wrapped in plastic bag. Instead of a bag, you can use a second layer of moistened gauze.

The optimum temperature for seed germination is 28-30°C. The seeds should not be allowed to dry out, but they should also not float in water. It is necessary to leave the seeds on the dish until they hatch by 3-5 mm.

Planting seeds

Cucumbers are grown in two ways: horizontally, when cucumber lashes spread along the ground, and vertically, with weaving along trellises. Depending on the method, seed beds are prepared.

The choice of method depends on the size of the garden plot. Tapestries are used in cases where you need to save space, as well as for growing hybrid cucumbers.

For creeping cucumbers the beds are arranged in the form of holes in two rows. Between the rows, the distance should be up to half a meter, between the holes - 35-40 cm, and 75-80 cm is required for the passage between the beds.

Humus or compost mixed with the ground is placed in each hole, half a glass of ash is added, and soil is thrown on top. The hole is watered and then the seeds are planted at an angle of 45 ° C with the spout up to a depth of no more than 2 cm. Deeper embedding will make seedlings wait longer. There are 2-3 seeds per hole.

Fertilizers placed in the hole will begin to decompose and provide the seeds with the necessary heat for development.

When the planting work is completed, the soil is carefully moistened and covered with a film with holes for sprouts or newspaper, which is sprayed with water for a closer fit to the ground. Such measures are necessary to create a favorable microclimate for vegetables. During the day, the film can be removed and returned at night until the cucumbers grow up.

At vertical cultivation cucumber seeds are laid in holes dug 20-30 cm apart with the same distance between rows. 3-4 seeds are planted in the holes. After germination, the seedlings are thinned out, but they do it carefully - they do not pull it out of the ground, but cut it with scissors so as not to injure the roots of the main plant. It is believed that with vertical sowing, the crop gives a rich harvest.

We plant seedlings

Most often, farmers prefer to plant seedlings of cucumbers in open ground. This is due to the earlier and longer fruiting of the crop, and also, often, with climatic features.

Grow seedlings from seeds prepared in advance, as described above. But the landing is not made on open area, but in cups where soil with fertilizers is placed. To do this, they take turf, humus and sawdust in equal proportions, fill the container, water it and plant 3-4 seeds each. The glass is covered with a bag and left in a warm place. After the appearance of sprouts, the weakest ones are removed.

Seedlings are planted on the site according to the same principles as seeds. To do this, dig holes, pour fertilizer into them, cover with earth and then plant seedlings. Before digging the holes, the garden plot can be treated with hot water and a solution of copper sulfate to destroy fungus and pests in the soil. Peat cups with seedlings planted without top dressing in the holes.

Another trick of summer residents: you can fertilize planting holes with ground potato peels and bread leftovers. They are collected, dried and used as top dressing.

In the early days, young plantings should be protected from direct sun rays, and you need to make sure that the earth is well moistened. Mandatory protection from the wind and maintaining proper temperatures - from 15 ° C, otherwise the growth of plants will slow down. If the weather fails, plantings need to be hidden under the film.

Video instruction for planting in open ground

How to care for cucumbers

Cucumbers are capricious, so you need to follow the following principles for caring for them:

Regular watering

Cucumbers are moisture-loving plants and without watering they die very quickly. In addition, the lack of moisture also affects the taste of the vegetable - it begins to taste bitter. But it is also not worth flooding the culture completely. It is important to adhere to the following rules:

• On dry days, cucumbers are watered every day, every other day, depending on the ambient temperature. In the spring, twice a week is enough.
• The ideal time for watering is morning and cool evening. This will help avoid burns on the leaves and reduce evaporation from the soil.
• If the earth is dry, you need to pour water gradually, in stages.
• The water should have a temperature of approximately 20°C. If cold water flows from the hose, it is advisable to pour it into containers in advance, where it will warm up under the sun.
• During irrigation, water should only fall on the ground to feed the roots.
• It is ideal to use the drip irrigation method for irrigating cucumbers.

loosening the earth

Loosening is required for better aeration of the soil, which is so necessary for cucumbers. This should be done when a crust appears on the ground, which can slow down the growth of the crop. It is necessary to loosen carefully, since cucumbers have a superficial root system, and therefore the cultivation depth is 3-4 cm. If the soil is peat, it is pierced with a pitchfork for permeability.

hilling culture

Hilling cucumbers is not necessary, but many gardeners do this to support the plant at the base and make it more stable. Spud before watering in the morning or evening with a bucket of fresh, fertile land. This can be done 1-2 times per season.

Soil mulching

It is very useful for retaining moisture at the roots and preventing the formation of a soil crust. In addition, it attracts earthworms, which increase the fertility of the soil. Mulch mainly with PVC film and newspapers.

Top dressing with fertilizers

Cucumbers are fed about once every 10-14 days, more often it is not desirable. The main trace elements that cucumbers need are nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus. They are brought in in hot weather, so they are better absorbed, and during rains they accumulate in the form of nitrates. The first top dressing is necessary a couple of weeks after planting, then - at flowering and once at fruiting.

It is better to feed in the evening, and the ideal food is mullein or bird droppings diluted in water. Up to 6 liters are required per square meter. such a solution. You can also use mineral fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate. It will need only 5 gr. per 1 liter water, after which the beds are well watered. During fruiting, potassium sulfate will be indispensable, a teaspoon of which is diluted in 0.5 liters. urea. You can add 50 gr. superphosphate.

What cucumbers need - we help the plant

​Related Articles​

• It is undesirable to be on the site where the planting is planned, high standing groundwater, which adversely affects cucumber plantings;

We do not recommend wetting seeds for planting. Any fluctuation in temperature can cause the hatched seed to freeze and not sprout. And a dry seed thrown into the ground will wake up and swell gradually, in accordance with the temperature regime, and hatch when the time comes.

Planting cucumbers in open ground - planting, growing

Don't forget to feed every two weeks. Good results, in our opinion, are given by ROST fertilizer (concentrate or universal). This fertilizer is based on potassium humate. Compared to conventional organo- mineral fertilizers, ROST contains a high concentration of potassium humate, NPK, trace elements, and has fungicidal activity.​

layer 3 of peat;

In cases where 2 sprouts appear at once in one cup, the weakest of them must be removed, but not by pulling, but by cutting (to avoid damage to the root system). If there is a real opportunity to prepare seedlings at home, then it is best to do this and plant cucumbers on the street already in a sprouted state.

The choice of landing site must also be approached responsibly. It can't be "whatever". Cucumbers are not indifferent to where and how you plant them. Crop rotation is very important to them. Try not to plant them where cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini grew last season. The best predecessors of cucumbers (in descending order) are tomatoes, peppers, onions, cabbage.

It depends on watering whether your cucumbers will be bitter. It is worth drying the soil once, and bitterness will appear in all subsequent fruits. When watering, it is important to use warm water. room temperature and do it in the evening.​

• According to experts, the process of growing cucumbers is quite easy in itself. But without knowing the nuances, you will not wait for a large number of tasty and crispy cucumbers. Beginner gardeners who plan to collect at least a few kilograms of cucumbers from each plant need to know that this vegetable crop loves a warm and humid climate, as well as good lighting.
• Well suited for planting cucumbers with seed beds in the open field, on which siderats were previously grown, for example, cabbage, beans, peas, tomatoes, onions;

For planting seedlings in a cup, see the section on seedlings). When transplanting seedlings from a cup, the root is practically not damaged and your seedlings continue to grow and develop almost immediately after transplanting into open ground.​

What can I do to make plants grow fast?

We plant about 5-7 seeds in each hole. Further, when the first true leaves appear, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving 3-4 sprouts. And after another two weeks, we leave 2-3 of the most powerful shoots. More dense plantings of cucumbers will lead to more empty flowers and an increased risk of cucumber disease.​

A solution of mullein gives no worse effect than fertilizers. But you must admit that not everyone and not always has a mullein at hand. It is much easier to add 20 grams of ROST to a bucket of water and not suffer from the search for mullein.​

Layer 4 of sawdust or straw;

Cucumbers will sprout if provided required amount light, the complete absence of drafts, the required temperature and mandatory feeding. In addition, before planting cucumbers, it is important to choose the right and good seeds. Currently, there are a huge number of various varieties and hybrids, so there will be plenty to choose from. Very often, experienced gardeners prepare their seeds rather than buy them in a store.​

nasotke.ru

How to plant cucumbers in open ground, when is the best time to do it

Like any plant, cucumbers love fertile, loose, non-acidic soil. Perhaps more than other plants, cucumbers love organic fertilizers. It is believed that the best organic fertilizer for all garden plants is humus, but from the introduction of pure manure, seeds or plants can burn. So it is, but it is for cucumbers that manure is the most preferred organic fertilizer. If you have the opportunity to get this valuable fertilizer, then, without hesitation, be sure to add manure to the cucumber bed. This is not only food, but manure, getting into the soil, releases some chemical substances who are very fond of cucumbers. This positive reaction of cucumbers to the introduction of fresh manure during planting has been noticed by many. I have repeatedly read about this in various publications for gardeners.

Watering cucumbers is best with a watering can with a sprayer. If you start watering with a jet, you can damage the root system. By the end of summer, it is not recommended to water cucumbers abundantly, and the frequency should decrease significantly.

How to properly water cucumbers

On the beds on which beets, watermelons, melons, zucchini and other pumpkin vegetables grew before, cucumbers should not be planted.

When growing cucumber on a trellis

It is also good to feed cucumbers with diluted bird droppings and slurry mixed with mineral fertilizers (nitrophoska, superphosphate), which has very good results.

Layer 5 of a small amount of manure (or humus with ash);

Planting seedlings under frameless film shelters: 1 - central earthen roller; 2 - side rollers; 3 - furrow; 4 - seedlings; 5 - film.​

Every year, gardeners are tormented by the question of the correct choice of time for planting prepared seedlings. Indeed, on the one hand, you want to plant everything faster in order to enjoy the harvest earlier, and on the other hand, if you plant seedlings of cucumbers too early, there is a risk that it will freeze in unforeseen frosts and there will be no harvest.

Therefore, before planting, I use a shovel or a small spatula to dig a trench 10-15 cm deep on the cucumber bed so that there is room for adding organic matter. I specially reserve fresh cow dung for cucumbers. I lay it out in a cucumber trench, without chopping it - what pieces there are, large or small, I lay them out like that. Evenly, of course, it doesn’t work, but it doesn’t really matter.

And do not think that ordinary cucumbers do not require top dressing - this should be done regularly at the beginning of flowering (first fertilizer) and every 10 days when fruiting. It is believed that in just a season there should be 6–8 root dressings.

Planting cucumbers in open ground with seeds can be done by laying in the holes both dry and specially prepared by soaking and hardening seeds. For soaking, the seeds are placed in a moistened cloth for 12 hours, for hardening they are kept for the same time at a temperature of -1 -0 ° C.

- Planting cucumber seeds under a bottle.

Remember! The main part of the nutrients of cucumbers is spent during fruiting. At this time, they need nitrogen-potassium fertilizers. In addition to simple minerals, complex ones with magnesium are needed. They are especially effective on poor light soils. Both universal fertilizer and hydrocomplex are suitable - 35-40 g per 10 liters of water. With prolonged cloudy weather, foliar top dressing of leaves with urea helps cucumbers well.

garden23.ru

How to plant seedlings of cucumbers

Layer 6 of 20 cm of earth from the garden.

Seedlings ready for planting are sprouts with 2-3 green leaves and a root system that has filled the entire container. Planting seedlings occurs both in open and closed (greenhouse) soil.

When and why to plant seedlings

It is believed that in order to get tasty, beautiful, ripe and in large quantities cucumbers, it is necessary not only to properly care for them, but also to grow and plant them correctly to begin with. Gardeners know that the harvest will be more generous if seedlings are prepared in advance for planting. Cucumbers can also be grown at home, so preparing seedlings will not be difficult.

Various calendars with planting dates and recommendations printed directly on bags with seeds of one or another variety of cucumbers or any other vegetable come to the aid of gardeners. But you should always rely on your experience of previous years, focusing on natural climate change.​

One more thing, to the question of how to plant cucumbers in open ground. Cucumber seeds are best planted in sunny weather during the day, and seedlings in the evening, when the sun no longer bakes.

Between them, abundant watering must be followed, which is easy to combine with the introduction of organic matter. As an organic fertilizer, a solution of bird droppings in water in a ratio of 1 to 25, or mullein 1 to 10 is ideal. The application rate of solutions is approximately 5 liters per 1 m².​

Cucumber is unpretentious to the earth layer, but grows better on light sandy and loamy soils with low acidity. It is this type of soil that is characterized by breathability and the ability to quickly absorb water. Cucumbers do not like the presence of groundwater near the root system. As they do not like planting on those beds where beets and pumpkins used to grow.

How seedlings are planted

When the soil temperature has reached + 15 ° C, it is possible to plant in holes located at a distance of 0.5 m from each other in one or two rows. If you plan to use tying cucumber lashes to the trellis, the distance between the holes can be left equal to 0.2 m, and the distance between the rows can be left 0.3-0.4 m. Seeds are planted 3-5 pieces per hole to a depth of no more than 2 cm .​

When the night air temperature reaches 100C (not earlier than mid-April), then it's time to plant cucumbers under the bottle. We plant them immediately in a permanent place, in the pits. We dig holes of such depth that after planting the seeds, the depth of the hole remains 5-10 cm. pick).​

beds should be used. Since the ridges provide a number of advantages - the ridges are well warmed up, easily permeable to air, soil aeration does not worsen even after heavy rain or watering, the trellis improves the light regime of plants, facilitates the work of caring for them, saves space (on the same plot of land seedlings you can plant more for a trellis).

We also recommend spraying cucumber leaves with egg white every two weeks (1 egg white dilute buckets of water on the floor). According to our observations, such a systematic treatment protects cucumber leaves from many diseases. But it doesn't heal! When the leaves began to turn yellow and dry, such a procedure would no longer be effective.

Approximately 2 days before planting seedlings, the bed is well spilled with hot water (preferably boiling water) and covered with a film. If it is not possible to wait a couple of days, then planting is done immediately after watering, while the ground is still warm (and preferably hot).

Ways to plant cucumbers, seed selection

It is very important to prepare seedlings for transplanting to a new place and to new conditions. Indeed, in the ground, the seedlings will be subject to a lower temperature, so you need to adapt it and increase its level of frost resistance. This procedure begins about a week before you plant it. To begin with, the temperature drops to about 16 ° C, and then the seedlings can be rearranged to open air. In no case should cucumbers (already bushes) be left in the sun.

You need to know not only how to grow cucumbers, but also take into account all the nuances of this process, then your cucumbers will be of excellent quality.

Planting seedlings of cucumbers occurs in the spring. In order to grow cucumbers and enjoy them for as long as possible, it is necessary to protect them even at the stage of inception. That is, seedlings should not be rushed in any case. After all, the root system of cucumbers is very weak and not a single procedure will help make it stronger. Only supports and garters can help.

After the manure has been laid out in the beds, we cover it with a thin layer of soil. The trench will become smaller, but it should not be leveled with the edges. Then we water the grooves well. It is necessary to shed it very abundantly, maybe even in several doses, since moisture should be in the soil for a long time - this is necessary for seeds or seedlings if you plant seedlings.

Growing seedlings at home

Another desirable procedure is weed control. Both weeding and loosening the soil are simply necessary for cucumbers. But keep in mind that the cucumber root system can be easily damaged, as it is located very close to the topsoil.

Planting cucumbers in the ground has its own nuances. It is better to do this when the soil has already warmed up, and the temperature has reached about 15-17 degrees Celsius. It will be right if you prepare holes for sowing seeds at a distance of about 50 centimeters, and it is better if it is 2-3 rows.

When the sprouted shoots appear, the extra ones are thinned out by cutting them off with scissors, this will avoid damage to the root system of the remaining seedlings. When 4 or 5 leaves appear on the shoots of late cucumbers, the upper bud is pinched to accelerate the formation of flowers and fruits.

We water if the earth is not wet and cover with a bottle (from under mineral water, 1.5 - 2 l). We cut off the bottom of the bottle, but do not twist the cap. A bottle with a cut off bottom must be closed with a lid. We deepen the bottle into the soil by 2-3 cm. In this micro-greenhouse, our cucumbers will be born. Up to

We plant cucumbers on a trellis (net) according to the scheme:

Cucumber is a heat-loving crop, so it is planted when the soil warms up over 100C at a depth of 10-15 cm. This is usually from late April to mid-May. If our seeds sprouted and the temperature suddenly dropped to 50C or lower, then we usually reseed such beds, as practice shows that the harvest from such beds will leave much to be desired.​

​http://youtu.be/HZom0AyVezw​

1. To grow cucumbers, you need to plant seedlings around the period from April 15 to April 20, this is for planting in closed ground(in greenhouses). If cucumbers grow in open ground, then it is recommended to plant seedlings from May 10 to 15. Cucumbers planted in open ground are necessarily covered with foil.
2. It will take approximately 3 weeks to grow seedlings at home (minimum 20 days). Considering given fact, it is necessary to calculate the time when you can plant seedlings, so that when it is ready, you have a real opportunity to transplant it into closed (or open) ground.
3. It is important to remember that cucumbers are grown from seeds, which, by the way, germinate very quickly, so you should not rush into planting them, as long-term protection at home will make cucumber seedlings even weaker.
4. Then you should spread the cucumber seeds along the spilled trench. We lay out one seed at a sufficiently large distance from each other - 25-30 cm.
5. Therefore, if you are afraid of harming your crop, you can simply use soil mulching.
6. You can grow bushes using a trellis - then the required distance between the holes is 20 centimeters, and between the rows - 30-40. In this case, the sowing depth should be approximately 2 centimeters, and 4-5 seeds per hole. And the general rule is that with a seedless method, it is better to use pre-soaked seeds.
7. Before the seedlings begin to bloom, they are watered moderately about 1 time per week. Flowering and fruiting plants need more abundant watering with a break of 2 or 3 days, with a lack of soil moisture, cucumbers acquire a bitter taste. Watering is preferably done in the evening with water, the temperature of which is + 25 ° C or slightly higher.

The process of planting finished seedlings in the ground

Yes, the beginning of May, you can not remove the bottles. And only when the daytime air temperature rises above 200C (when there is a risk that your seedlings can “cook” under the bottle), you will unscrew the caps so that the plants harden a little, first for half an hour, then more. Later, it will be possible to remove the entire bottle during the day, and put it back on and twist it at night. Then you will put the bottle on at night without a cap ... And when the night temperature reaches 150C and above, the bottles can be removed altogether. But it will be the end of May, not earlier.

The distance between the pits (seedlings) - 20 cm,

Cucumber is a moisture-loving crop. The need for water during growth and especially during fruit formation is very high. To obtain a high yield, it is important to carry out abundant watering after each drying of the top layer of the earth.

It is important to find in the garden for the beds appropriate place. It is necessary to take into account the fact that cucumbers should not be planted where other vegetables have grown before, as there is a risk of infecting cucumbers with viruses left over from another crop. Acceptable vegetables after which cucumbers can be grown are potatoes, tomatoes, beans, peas or cabbage. It is very important to disinfect the soil before planting cucumbers. This procedure is carried out using copper sulfate, with a solution of which the beds are shed (in the ratio of water to blue vitriol- 10 liters per 1 tbsp. l).​

Growing cucumbers in open ground (planting seedlings)

The process of growing seedlings begins with the preparation of seeds, their germination and planting in small separate containers.

1. We cover the spread out seeds with soil and lightly clap the palm of our hand on top so that the seeds are firmly pressed on all sides to the ground.

If you do everything right, you will get a good harvest. By the way, you also need to be able to collect it correctly - it is necessary to prevent the fruits from drying out and collect as they ripen.

And one more advice from professionals is to constantly thin out seedlings so that weak plants do not take moisture and minerals from strong ones. Weak sprouts are better not to pull out, but to cut. This will avoid injuring the root system of other cucumbers. A

• So that the soil does not erode, exposing the roots, and to avoid damage to the cucumber lashes, watering cans equipped with a spray should be used. When the air temperature drops in autumn, cucumber beds are watered less frequently and less abundantly so that root rot does not develop.
• For seeds, we always leave the first fruits from the root. It is a pity to leave the first cucumbers for seeds. But it has been noticed that in such seeds, in the future, the ovary begins to appear from the same place (in the first leaf nodes from the root). And in seeds collected from forks at a distance of a meter or more from the root, the first ovary will give empty flowers. The seeds collected from pumpkins and zucchini behave similarly.
• Row spacing - 100 cm.
• Regular fruit picking is also necessary (at least 2-3 times a week). Large fruits take a lot of strength and nutrients from the plant, which leads to a reduction in further yield.
• ​http://youtu.be/H0wTQVNgQpI​
• Cucumbers in open ground are planted only with seedlings. Cultivation is done through the use of two methods, each of which will require the preparation of beds.​

Growing seedlings at home has its own characteristics in the process of growing and care, which must be known and taken into account so as not to ruin the seedlings and not be left without a crop.

Planting seedlings and growing them is not so difficult. Of course, many sow seeds directly into the ground, and many manage to reap good yields. But still the landing is already finished seedlings much more reliable.​

We will water the planted seeds one more time until the contours of the trench are guessed. And for the last time, pour the entire garden with water from a watering can to wet all the soil in the garden.

There are two most common ways to plant cucumbers in the garden. The first is seeds. The second is seedlings. Let's talk about the first. The answer to the question of how to plant cucumbers in open ground is important for both beginners and experienced gardeners. Naturally, landing time is an important factor.​

Here, in late varieties, you need to carefully pinch the apical bud - but this should be done only when 4 or 5 leaves appear

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cultivation of cucumbers, cucumbers on a trellis, cucumbers under a bottle |

Plant nutrition contributes to good fruiting. The first must be done when the cucumber bushes begin to bloom. Fruiting plants need top dressing at intervals of 10 to 15 days. Top dressing is applied to moist soil. As an organic fertilizer, chicken manure diluted with water at a concentration of 1 to 25 or mullein is used at a concentration of 1 part of manure 10 parts of water. For 1 square meter of planting, about 5 liters of solution are used.In addition to the usual bee-pollinated cucumbers, we always plant hybrids. Although they depart faster than usual, they differ in a large number of ovaries and the fruits practically do not outgrow, which is very convenient at the time of harvesting them for the winter.We sow seeds in 2-3 pieces, sprinkle with a layer of soil, 2-3 cm thick. We slightly moisten the soil, but do not water it so that a crust does not form on the surface of the earth before germination. If the soil is dry, then shed holes, then plant the seeds. This moisture will be enough for the seed to swell and germinate.

When planting seeds in open ground, add a half-liter jar of bulk manure or

It is important not to forget that cucumbers love moisture very much. The more often they are watered, the tastier they become. The fruits are harvested as they grow. If the variety of grown cucumbers suits you, at the end of summer you will need to collect seeds for the next year.

Horizontal landing. Cucumbers with this method of cultivation creep along the ground. Planting takes place in round holes located at a sufficient distance.​

The process of picking seedlings.

Seedlings are grown in small containers with soil, where seeds are laid in 2-3 pieces. So you can increase the likelihood of a sprout. As soon as the seedlings appear, all unnecessary must be removed so that nothing interferes with growth.

Now the cucumber bed must be covered, as they love high humidity. Before emergence, you can cover the bed with a film directly on top of the ground, or you can install arcs and stretch the film over them.

Many people think that it is necessary to plant, the sooner the better. This is the wrong decision, because cucumber is a heat-loving plant. If it is planted in cold soil, when the earth has not yet warmed up to + 15 ° C, then it will certainly grow, but early planting is one of the reasons for the large number of barren flowers - cucumbers will bloom, but there will be no ovaries or there will be very few of them.

We plant cucumbers with seeds in open ground

. This will significantly speed up the appearance of inflorescences and ovaries.

For cucumbers, weed removal and loosening of the soil bring significant benefits, instead of which, due to the superficial location of the roots, it is better to use mulching, which also reduces the frequency of watering.

In our latitudes, cucumbers are one of the most sought after and loved vegetable crops, which have excellent taste qualities both fresh and canned. When planting them with seeds in open ground, some rules should be followed.

After sowing seeds or planting seedlings (you can postpone this procedure until true leaves appear on seedlings), we install a grid (trellis) up to 1.8 m high for further formation of cucumber lashes on it. Not bad as well early stage development, remove flowers and ovary up to 6-7 leaves. At the same time, you lose the first earliest fruits, for the formation of which the plants use their strength, but you will have a more powerful branch on the trellis. Although this procedure is not required. Further, in the process of growth and development of the cucumber, we tie its whips to the trellis.

Humus, a tablespoon of ash, mix it all right in the hole.

Cucumber is moisture-loving (dry soil - no harvest). ​

Vertical landing. Planting cucumbers takes place on narrow long beds. In this case, it is required to provide support (special nets or ropes along which the plants will trail and climb up). This method requires the provision of a sufficient amount of light, especially in the case of organizing several beds at once, in order to prevent the plants from blocking the sun's rays.

Since the root system of the cucumber sprout is very weak, the transplanting process is undesirable for them. In order to avoid injury when transplanting seedlings into the ground, it is recommended to grow seedlings in special cardboard pots that are perfectly torn during transplantation without damaging the root system.

Gardeners prefer to plant cucumbers in the ground, starting with individual small cups, followed by transplanting the grown seedlings into larger containers. Although others adhere to the position that they can be sown initially in a large container and not disturb the sprouts with the transplanting process.

I draw your attention to the fact that before the emergence of seedlings, the bed should be covered with a film, and not with a covering material. Due to the fact that the bed was watered abundantly, condensation immediately forms on the film. More cucumbers do not need to be watered - wait until shoots appear. Moisture will not evaporate through the film, and the humidity will be enough for the comfortable development of plants. That is, the film is required, otherwise the desired microclimate for cucumbers will not be achieved.

Often, gardeners do not associate one with the other - early planting in unheated soil with a huge number of barren flowers or a small crop.

These plants, as we have said, love warmth. Cucumbers are afraid of frost and when the temperature drops to 15 degrees Celsius, they slow down growth, and at 10 degrees they stop growing altogether. For creating optimal conditions Cucumber needs an air temperature of 25–30 degrees Celsius, air humidity of at least 70%. Cucumber seeds can be planted in the following ways: When growing cucumbers in open ground, the following conditions should be provided for them:

This method allows you to accelerate the fruiting of cucumbers in the open field by two to three weeks. That is, it is good to have both sown cucumbers in open ground and planted cucumbers from seedlings.

We plant cucumbers according to the scheme:

Cucumber is photophilous (but puts up with partial shade). ​

Each gardener has the right to choose a suitable and more convenient method of planting for him. But it is worth noting that often hybrids are designed only for a vertical landing method. It is important to know and remember that with any method, careful soil preparation is required.

Of course, the cups may be different, for example, plastic, but it is important to foresee how the sprouts will be taken out of them with the least risk to the roots.

Seedling growing method

It is undesirable to use clay soil for growing seedlings, but this is not a problem, because in stores you can now buy any soil with various additives, fertilizers, and so on. Many have their own excellent land, which is just being used.​

After germination, periodically open the film, especially in hot weather, to prevent thermal burns. But the film is completely removed only after the appearance of flowers on the seedlings.

It is advised to plant cucumbers in well-warmed soil.

As for watering, the most important thing in this matter is constancy. Raised on the ridge - cucumber lashes freely spread along the ground, receiving a sufficient amount of lighting, but at the same time you should very carefully pick the fruits without injuring the stems and without changing their position, as this can slow down fruiting. Sufficient sunlight and abundant watering;

Cucumber seedlings when planted in open ground should have 2-3 true leaves (2-3 weeks after germination). Cucumbers have a small feature. The root system of cucumbers is very sensitive to even the slightest damage. No matter how hard you try, but as a result of the usual seedling method of transplantation (a root with a clod of earth), a large percentage of plants are obtained with a further lag in growth. Cucumber seedlings planted in open ground in this way spend a lot of time on taking root, which is not desirable, since we plant them in order to get an early harvest.​ The distance between the pits is 40-50 cm, Cucumber is thermophilic (temperatures below 100C adversely affect development).

So the soil ideal should be a layer cake. Soil preparation takes place taking into account the characteristics of the root system of a particular plant. Cucumbers have a superficial root system, so the beds are prepared in this way:

Selected seedling containers are filled with substrates (nutrient mixture needed for seedlings, which can be purchased at a gardening store). Although experienced gardeners prepare this mixture on their own from peat, humus and sawdust.

A few words about collecting your seeds

Planting potted seedlings: a - formation of a hole; b - a hole filled with water; c - placement of seedlings in the hole; g - planting a pot with seedlings.

I offer you another experience in planting cucumbers in open ground - video:

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Planting cucumbers in open ground with seeds: growing features

In the Kuban, these are usually dates starting from the last ten days of April. Of course, our spring can also be protracted, cold, rainy - then the timing of planting cucumbers is shifted, sometimes even by 1-1.5 weeks, but preferably no later than May 5-7.

landing conditions

So, before flowering, you need to water moderately, using 3-6 liters per 1 m². We carry out such watering every 6–7 days.

• Tying cucumbers to trellises - allows you to save space on the site, provide ease of care, fruit picking, reduce the incidence of plants with sufficient access to air and light.
• Plant seeds in the warm season, when the threat of late frost has passed;
• Therefore, we recommend two effective ways getting an early harvest of cucumbers:
• Row spacing - 50-60 cm.
• Don't forget about crop rotation. We do not grow cucumbers in the same beds every year. In the place chosen for cucumbers, pumpkin crops (cucumbers, zucchini, squash) should not have grown in the previous year. Good predecessors for cucumbers are crops such as potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes.
• Layer 1 of coniferous spruce branches or chopped brushwood;

Landing

Cups with planted seeds must be stored in a warm place where the temperature regime provides for a mark of at least 25 ° C. Seedlings should be watered once a week and only with warm water. Until the moment sprouts appear, the containers must be covered with a film to avoid moisture evaporation.

Cucumbers are grown outdoors, but the most commonly used option is the preliminary cultivation of seedlings at home. Both methods guarantee the receipt excellent harvest. The choice of one of them depends only on the personal preferences of a particular gardener, because each of the methods has both pros and cons.

Cucumbers are a favorite vegetable on any table. But this fruit will be even tastier if you grow it with your own hands. Cucumbers are planted with seedlings, which are prepared in spring period at home. Before you start growing cucumbers, you need to learn more about the whole process of work in more detail, armed with tips.​

Watering rows with cucumbers

We, of course, will get the best harvest with the optimal planting dates for cucumbers - the end of April. I also want to get my cucumbers early.

During the period of flowering and the appearance of cucumbers, it is necessary to water abundantly - about 6–12 liters per 1 m², and watering should be done every 2 days.

Planting seeds in barrels or bags three-quarters filled with plucked weeds, tops, rotted manure and the remaining space with earth. This method of growing when covering crops with a film on metal arcs allows you to sow seeds earlier and get an earlier harvest, it can also serve as a decoration for the site with beautifully hanging shoots.

Landing should be carried out on light fertile soil with neutral acidity, which allows water and air to pass well to the roots of plantings;

Varieties of planting cucumbers in open ground

- Planting seedlings of cucumbers in a glass

1. ​Cucumbers can be grown in almost all types of soils that have adequate drainage and aeration, although light, humus-rich soils are preferred. Experience shows that cucumbers respond well to the application of organic fertilizers. When growing cucumbers, a constant and uniform supply of plants with nutrients is necessary.
2. layer 2 of compost;

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In such an environment, seedlings make themselves felt as early as 5-6 days. If the temperature is lower, then the germination process will be noticeably delayed, for example, the first shoots will only be in 10 days.

• Cucumbers the best varieties for open ground
  

Own vegetables are a huge help in the economy. If you are concerned about the question of how to plant cucumbers in open ground, do not rush to sow the crop. Cucumbers are a heat-loving plant, they are afraid of night frosts, and they develop diseases from cold watering. Growing a vegetable begins with the choice of soil, variety, season. Planting this crop requires patience, knowledge of the tricks and characteristics of the plant from gardeners.

What varieties of cucumbers are best planted in open ground

Hybrid vegetable varieties are considered more suitable for cultivation (F1 is marked on the bag). Cucumbers from such seeds germinate faster, pollinate better, give a good harvest. Three-year-old crop seeds are best suited for planting. They develop more slowly, but form more inflorescences, are famous for their rich yield. Plants grow disease resistant. The best varieties vegetables for planting open ground:

• Competitor;
• Universal;
• Cascade;
• Altaic;
• Far Eastern;
• Russian taste;
• Leader;
• Fair cucumber;
• Antoshka;
• Emelya;
• Brigantine;
• Fabulous.

When can you plant cucumber seeds

Best time for sowing crops - when stable weather sets in, the average daily air temperature is + 25С °, the night temperature will not fall below + 10С °. According to folk omens, a vegetable is sown on Yuri - May 6. Early varieties cucumbers such as Competitor, Universal, Altai are planted until the middle of the last spring month. The best time for planting late-ripening cucumbers (Antoshka, Emelya, Magnificent) is the end of spring, June.

How to prepare soil for planting cucumbers

When upper layer the earth warms up well, and there is no need to worry about the germination of the crop, they start growing vegetables. So that the landing does not give you unpleasant surprises, use the advice of the candidate of agricultural sciences Oktyabrina Ganichkina. For growing cucumbers, choose a spacious, well-lit, wind-protected and manure-fertilized place in the garden.

So that the earth warms up well, dig and loosen it. Place the cucumber planting in the place of the garden where tomatoes, greens, vegetables or legumes (except beans) grew before. This culture does not like pumpkin predecessors. Cucumbers are planted from seeds or seedlings directly into open soil. Planting is watered with warm water. Subject to reasonable agricultural practices, you will receive good germination culture.

Seed treatment, care and feeding

Before planting, soak the material for 10 hours until it swells. For safety, mix swollen seeds with dry ones, then proceed to sowing. Colored (treated) seeds are sown without prior soaking in water. When the culture has germinated, start trimming the whiskers regularly so that they do not take nutrition from the fruits of the plant. Water the cucumbers carefully so that the water does not touch the leaves. To get a good harvest, provide the crop with favorable conditions, enough nutrition.

Feeding cucumbers is one of the most difficult tasks that gardeners constantly have to solve when cultivating this crop. The first feeding of the plant is carried out 2 weeks after planting, the second - when pollination begins, and the third - during the fruiting period. Spray on a sunny, windless day. The optimal period for processing the plant is morning or evening. Use a fertilizer based on superphosphate. Handle cucumbers carefully so as not to damage the seedlings, fruitful flower and leaves.

What is the optimal depth for planting

Cucumbers are sown in a hole 3 to 5 cm deep, previously watered. Seeds are placed along or across the beds.

When sowing along, in the middle, a rope is pulled and grooves are drawn at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other with a depth of 7-9 cm.

If you are sowing across the bed, make the same distance between the grooves. The crop is sown at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other, and then the groove is covered with a layer of soil of 2-3 cm, from above the bed is mulched with peat.

Experienced gardeners the recesses are made deep (10-12 cm) in order to cover them with glass or garden film after sowing to stimulate the appearance of the first shoots and protect them from frost.

Preparing seedlings for transplanting into the ground

Before planting a vegetable, prepare the cups. This will save the culture from transplanting in the future, since cucumbers tolerate it extremely poorly.

Fill the containers with soil, pour a warm, weak solution of potassium salt (potassium permanganate).

After about 30 minutes. sow seeds. Deepen one grain into each container, after making a small hole in the center. The depth of the hole is approximately 1.5 cm. Place the seed flat.

Then fill it with sifted soil, irrigate with warm water. To preserve moisture, place the container on a stable pallet, cover with garden film.

Put the pallet in a warm, well-lit place, wait for the emergence of seedlings. A greenhouse or window sill is perfect for this.

Loosening and watering are essential conditions for good seed germination.

Since the formation of culture takes place in greenhouse conditions, it must be strengthened - gradually accustomed to natural conditions: air, sunshine, lower temperatures. To do this, open the windows at home or take the seedlings out to the balcony during the day. Gradually increase the time of her stay in the fresh air. When growing a crop in a greenhouse, a film is opened to strengthen the plant.

At quality seedlings thick, strong stem, thick green leaves. Only in this form is it ready for transplanting into open ground. If the seedlings have weak roots and large leaves, then reduce its watering. Do not rush to transplant the culture, the fragile plant will die. The video material below will help you prepare cucumber seedlings for transplanting into open ground.

For many gardeners, growing cucumbers outdoors is the only way to get a good harvest. Not everyone has greenhouses. What will the harvest depend on? Firstly, on what seeds you bought, on the selected variety. Secondly, from the method of planting, from the care, from the agricultural technology of cultivation. Cucumbers belong to the gourd family and are grown almost everywhere. In the Kuban, they grow well both under the sun and in a greenhouse. Planting cucumbers in open ground can be carried out grown or on a trellis.

According to scientists, cucumber does not have a high nutritional value. But it is a very valuable dietary vegetable. After all, you probably noticed more than once that a salad with fresh or pickled cucumber improves appetite. And doctors believe that metabolism improves with regular consumption of food, which includes cucumber.

If you eat only cucumbers from your garden for 4 days - only they and nothing more, then you will completely renew all the blood in the body.

Cucumber juice can quickly reduce the acidity of the stomach. You can even bring down the temperature of the patient by giving him something to eat. fresh cucumber or drink cucumber juice, as it has diuretic properties.

Beauticians willingly use it to prepare whitening, refreshing, anti-aging masks.

Cucumber is a thermophilic plant. The most comfortable temperature during the day for him - + 22-26ºС, and at night it is desirable that it does not fall below + 18-20 degrees. At cold weather, lowering the temperature to 10 degrees, the growth of the plant slows down, the vegetation stops, and with a prolonged cold snap, the vegetable may die. Low air temperature is one of the main reasons for growing failures. This feature applies to all heat-loving pumpkin plants.

The best predecessors of cucumbers are potatoes, tomatoes, onions, cabbage, peppers, peas. But after legumes, although after them the soil is enriched with nitrogen, experts do not advise planting them. The reason is that both of these plants are affected by white rot.

I keep my seeds warm in winter, but so that they do not dry out, this can then affect the germination energy.

Processing cucumber seeds before planting

Before planting, I warm up the seeds: I put a plank on top of the battery, I put a paper open box with seeds on top, I keep them there for 5-6 hours. Just keep in mind that the temperature of the battery should not be higher than 60 ° C. The thermal effect is well reduced by a newspaper from several layers or plywood placed under the box. It is believed that such warming contributes to the greater formation of female flowers.

I disinfect the heated seeds - I treat them with a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 20-25 minutes, then I put them in a fine strainer, rinse with cold running water(under the faucet). Now more often instead of potassium permanganate (disappeared from pharmacies) I use a 2-3% solution of hydrogen peroxide, which I preheat to a temperature of 38-40 degrees - I can withstand 7-8 minutes; or solution boric acid- ½ teaspoon of powder + 1 glass of water - I stand for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 25-30 degrees. Then the seeds should also be washed under running water. cold water.

After disinfection, I dry the seeds to flowability - this way it is easier to sow them.

Planting cucumbers in open ground

I plant cucumbers after April 20 - a depth of 1.5-2 cm. You don’t need to go deeper - it will be difficult for seedlings to break through a thicker layer of earth. I put 4-5 seeds in the hole. This is if the seeds are their own. But if the variety is new, there are few seeds, then I put one at a time, so as not to break through later, not to lose valuable seed material.

Of course, with the single-seed method, there is a loss of holes (emptiness). Cucumber seeds have the shortest germination period (3-5 days), so I re-plant there, only now with germinated seeds.

I plant cucumbers in open ground both without support and with support (on a trellis or next to a corn stalk). If this is an unsupported method, then I place the rows at such a distance from each other that there is free space for movement when picking fruits - usually from 70 cm to 1 meter. By the way, there are also bush forms, they do not weave, so the distance between such plants is 50-60 cm.

Seedling Care

The first thinning of cucumber seedlings (if several seeds are sown) is carried out when 1-2 true leaves appear, the next - 3-4 leaves, removing weakened or ugly plants. I usually leave one plant per hole.

In vain, many believe that leaving one plant, not two, the crop will fall twice. Practice has shown that this is not the case. Cucumber, although it has a poorly developed root system, sucks from the ground a large number of nutrients. If two plants are left in the hole, they fight for a place in the sun. Each gets less food, and they shade each other.

It is very important, when thinning, to water the soil well.

Do not pull out a plant if another is nearby. These must be cut off near the ground. Why cut? Because the cucumber has a weak root system. The roots of closely growing plants are intertwined and you can inadvertently pull out both. In addition, pulling out extra bushes, we thereby damage the roots of the main plant. They are in shock for a while. Vegetation is delayed until the damaged place where the sucking root hair was torn off heals. Broken hairs are not restored. A new root should grow, hairs should appear on it, only then the nutrition of the plants is restored. That is, five days pass, sometimes a week, and this is bad. Since we want to get the fruits as soon as possible, any delay is undesirable.

I strongly advise after thinning, even if you are sure that you have not damaged anything, spray the cucumbers with a solution natural stimulant growth HB-101 (1-2 drops + 1 liter of water). This will strengthen, revitalize your plants, stimulate their further growth, increase their resistance to strong winds, acid precipitation. The instruction from the manufacturer gives advice to carry out treatments with this drug at least 1 time per week. Spraying will not be superfluous from the emergence of seedlings until the fruit ripens.

Very good results gives crops of 4-5 grades on a bed. This is especially true of female-type varieties that do not have male flowers at the beginning of flowering and cannot bear fruit without pollinating varieties.

I once read that the cucumber plant itself regulates the number of fruit being laid, so the female flowers, which are usually many, fall off. But my observations do not support this. Perhaps because I always plant 5-7 varieties, and such as Phoenix-640, starting to bloom, give predominantly only male flowers.

An important agrotechnical technique for growing cucumbers in the open field is the direction of the lashes "downwind". If this is not done, then the wind blowing from the side of the whip or directly to the point of growth can turn the whip over, and the leaves of the cucumber all the time stretch towards the sun. In an inverted whip, the leaves will tend to take their usual position, and for this they need additional energy, which they take from the growth and formation of hearths. Of course, it is necessary to lay the lashes in the direction of the wind at the very beginning of their formation. For example, in our summer the most frequent wind direction is southwest or west. So, as the lashes grow, I periodically direct the growing end so that it grows to the northeast.

A turned or inverted lash is a shock, a crisis for the plant. This should be taken into account. When collecting fruits, if possible, do not injure the lashes, leaves.

The destruction of weeds should be carried out as they grow. Those who claim that weeds protect cucumber plants from the burning rays of the sun are wrong. No, weeds are a favorable environment for the development of pests, fungal and bacterial diseases. In addition, weeds take some of the nutrients from the soil.

Loosening is usually combined with weeding. While the cucumber plant is upright, when loosening it is necessary to make a slight hilling.

I advise you to make summer plantings of this vegetable, for example, after harvesting onions. The place has been vacated, and the cold weather is still far away - it can be occupied by cucumbers. I have a summer sowing is not worse than spring. Well proven in summer planting varieties such as Stork, Nightingale, Rodnichok, Golubchik.

Watering cucumbers

Cucumber is a moisture-loving plant, but it should be watered only with warm water. When watering with cold water, root rot, powdery mildew, and other diseases may appear. I have a barrel of water in the sun especially for such heat-loving plants. I water in the evening, the water heats up well by this time.

A good protection for cucumbers from diseases is abundant watering (1-2 times per season) over the leaves from above or spraying with a milk-iodine solution - 1 liter of real, from under a cow (not store-bought) milk + 5 drops of iodine + a bucket of water (10 l).

Cucumbers are very sensitive to water disturbance. With a lack or excess of moisture in the soil, the development of plants is disturbed: the fruits are deformed, the ovaries fall off, and the yield decreases. It is better to water them less often, but plentifully, preventing the soil from drying out.

Good results are obtained if you arrange a shower from a watering can or sprayer. Cucumbers love these refreshing waterings, but they must be carried out with the expectation that the plants leave with completely dry leaves at night. The remaining drops on the leaves create favorable conditions for the development of fungal or bacterial diseases.

How to Harvest Your Cucumber Seeds

Now about your own seeds. When planting several varieties, even if there are no other cucumber beds around for a whole kilometer, it is still not recommended to collect seeds due to over-pollination. All cucurbits are highly pollinated. If you still want to have your own seeds, then if it is not a hybrid (there is no F1 designation), you need to do this.

On best plants pick a male flower (unopened bud), cut off the corolla (yellow petals). Place a column of anthers on the stigma of the female flower pistil, as if to “anoint” it. Then the female bud along with the anthers male flower wrap with a thin layer of cotton wool or a piece of gauze bandage so that the bees cannot get to the stigma, bring pollen from other plants. Tie a label to the stem of the pollinated flower.

Pollination should be carried out in the early morning (before 8 o'clock), when the male and female buds are not yet open. If there are no male flowers on the plant, then they can be taken from other cucumbers, but always of this variety.

This is very painstaking work. You can be proud of your own varietal seeds of the pumpkin family, if, of course, there is confidence that pollination is done correctly, cross-pollination is not allowed.

Varieties, hybrids of cucumbers for open ground

Varieties or hybrids should be chosen in which bitterness is genetically absent. Fortunately, now seed manufacturers place information about this on bags. Such varieties, even at high summer temperatures, will not be bitter.

And now briefly about those varieties and hybrids of cucumbers that I grow in open ground.

Crane F1

Hybrid selection of the Crimean Experimental Station for open ground. I advise you to try. Very fruitful. Each knot has 4-5 fruits. Early maturing, bee pollinated. Elliptical-shaped cucumber, large-tuberous, 11-12 cm long, weighing 80-110 g. The taste of fresh and canned fruits is excellent, that is, the variety belongs to the universal variety. You will collect the fruits until September. Resistant to powdery mildew, bacteriosis. Moderately resistant to downy mildew or downy mildew. There is no bitterness.

Nightingale F1

Hybrid selection of the Crimean Experimental Station for open ground. Can be grown under film. Early ripe, bee-pollinated, begins to bear fruit in 44-50 days. The shape of the cucumber is oval-cylindrical, I would say elegant. Color - bright green. Beautiful. Fruit length 8-11 cm, weight 70-95 g. The taste qualities of fresh, canned, pickled cucumbers are excellent. No bitterness. Resistant to true and downy mildew, angular spot, tobacco mosaic virus.

Dear F1

Early ripe bee-pollinated hybrid of the Crimean Experimental Station. Suitable for outdoor and greenhouse cultivation. This is an improved Nightingale, it repeats all its qualities, properties, but even better. Resistant to true and downy mildew.

Levina F1

Hybrid selection of the Crimean Experimental Station. Cucumber of the XXI century! Zelentsy type gherkin, without bitterness. The taste qualities of fresh, canned, salted fruits are excellent. Resistant to powdery mildew downy and true, to fungal and bacterial diseases.

Fontanelle F1

Hybrid selection of the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture for open ground and spring film greenhouses, bee-pollinated, mid-season, begins to bear fruit in 50-55 days. Reliable variety. Never failed. Zelentsy cylindrical shape, length 9-10 cm, weight 80-100 g. High taste qualities, without bitterness. Pickling. Resistant to anthracnose, bacteriosis, olive blotch.

Phoenix-640

Breeding variety of the Crimean Experimental Station for open ground. Bee-pollinated, mid-season. The most resistant variety to downy mildew. Zelenets is about 10 cm long. The fruits quickly increase, become pot-bellied, but this does not affect the taste. It has excellent taste and pickling qualities. Reliable, proven variety. I plant it every year.

Competitor

Breeding variety of the Crimean Experimental Station for open ground. Early ripe, bee-pollinated, begins to bear fruit in 45-50 days. Pickling. The fruits are 10-14 cm long. The stalk is very long - 5-7 cm. It is valued for its resistance to downy mildew.

What more can be said? outdoors is not easy. More and more often I hear that the yields in the greenhouse are greater. IN Lately abnormal heat is the cause of failures. I try to plant cucumbers in partially shaded areas of the site or stretch the canopy on the south side of the garden. Helps. I can't go without cucumbers! What do you wish!