Wood sander - essential tool during repair work used for surface treatment. There are different types of electric grinders. You can buy them at the store or make your own.
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Why you need a wood sander
Grinders are used both at home and at work. During repairs or construction works such power tools are simply necessary. They are used to process different surfaces. If you need to remove old paint, polish details to a shine or restore furniture, you can’t do without a grinder.
What are grinders
Before you buy a grinder (SHM), you need to determine which surfaces it is needed to process. Modern Instruments can be divided into several types, and each of them has its own characteristics. CMMs differ in the principle of operation, types of surface to be treated. Among them: models of tape, brush, vibration, eccentric type.
Belt sander
The tape model is most often used for processing surfaces made of wood. Such machines have interchangeable nozzles that allow you to process parts made of metal, plastic.
Also models belt type used when sanding parquet. The floor grinder allows you to make a rough and finishing surfaces.
The tape SL device looks like this: Electrical engine low power and rollers on which the abrasive belt is pulled. It has a closed shape.
When the machine is turned on, the rollers rotate, setting in motion emery tape. If you run the machine over the surface of the wood, it will remove a decent layer from it.
Its thickness can be adjusted. The coarser the grit of the tape, the more layer it will be able to remove. The width of the abrasive determines the surface area to be treated. The speed of rotation of the working element affects the thickness of the removed layer.
When buying a tool, the defining indicators will be:
- tape rotation speed;
- tape dimensions;
- model power;
- tape centering.
Ideal - if the rotation speed can be adjusted. This will expand the range of use of the machine cable. Usually the dimensions of the tape are 76*457mm. There are also models with parameters 76*533 mm and 76*610 mm. A power of 1 kW will be enough. The automatic centering of the belt is very convenient, as it often has to be corrected. The tape often slips during operation, you have to return it to its place. That is why it is much easier if the model is equipped with automatic centering.
Brush sander for wood
The working element of the model is a brush. With its help, the tool can be entrusted with rough work. Models of this type easily remove paint and varnish. Metal grinders can also remove rust. Brush models are sometimes used in cases where it is necessary to artificially age a wooden surface.
When choosing a brush machine, you should pay attention to its characteristics, including:
- tool weight;
- shaft diameter;
- sizes and types of replacement brushes and cloths.
For careful processing of materials, a strong clamping of the grinding machine blade to the surface to be treated is necessary. For this, the optimal weight of the model should not be lighter than 4 kg. The quality of processing is affected by the diameter of the shaft, since it is he who determines the speed of rotation.
Vibration grinder for wood
When the most thorough surface treatment is needed, vibration CMMs are used. They are used in the restoration of furniture. Models of this type are needed for finishing before varnishing or staining the wood.
For the convenience of processing corners, the working element of the vibrogrinder is rectangular. also in hard-to-reach places use power tools with a working sole in the shape of a triangle.
With the help of such an electric grinder, it is easy to process recesses and recesses. Usually these models are rarely used, as they process specific surfaces.
The defining qualities when choosing will be:
- rotational speed;
- processing depth.
The speed of rotation and the ability to adjust it is just as important as on tape models. Vibrating type grinders are perfect for processing surfaces with significant height differences.
Eccentric sander (ESHM)
Eccentric CMM is used when it is necessary not only to grind parts, but also to give them shine. Such a tool can only polish flat surfaces. If they are curved, you will have to take another type of CMM into work.
The working element of the eccentric type model is a disk, the diameter of which can reach 15 cm. The surface is polished using emery wheels mounted on eccentric units.
At the time of buyingwood grinders it is worth giving preference to power tools in which you can adjust the amplitude of oscillations and the frequency of rotation of the disk. In this case, even a beginner can cope with such a model.
How to make a grinder with your own hands
Sometimes the high cost of power tools makes you think about making a grinder with your own hands. This is especially true if it is necessary for one-time work.
What is required for the manufacture
Having understood the device of the grinding machine, they begin to manufacture its parts. Power tool for surface treatment consists of:
- beds;
- engine;
- drums;
- sanding belt.
Step by step manufacturing instructions
Iron parts are strong and reliable, so it is recommended to make a table from this material. The canvas should be 50x18x2 cm in size. On milling machine cut off on one side. In this place, the motor is later installed.
Note! On a large bed, you can process more diverse parts.
Now you need to prepare the engine. Its power should be about 2 - 3 kW, and the intensity of work - 1500 rpm. motor from washing machine will be the ideal engine for the design.
To make a grinder, you need 2 drums. One is the leader, the other is the follower. You can make them from chipboard. The manufacturing process looks like this:
- From chipboard make blanks measuring 20 * 20 cm.
- Collect a package from blanks. The thickness should be 24 cm.
- Fold and grind to a diameter of 20 cm.
- The drum that sets the tape in motion is fixed on the shaft.
- The driven drum remained. It must be installed around the machine axis on bearings.
Sanding belt - sandpaper. Strips 20 cm wide are cut out of it and glued. In order for the segments to hold firmly and for a long time, you need to use high-quality glue. The location of the tape depends on the type of machine and is horizontal, vertical and inclined.
When all the elements are assembled, they begin to attach them to each other. Assembled structure quite suitable for wood processing. You can get to work!
How to make a grinder from a drill
Not everyone has a home Sander. Sometimes it is simply necessary, and what to do in its absence? It is quite possible to replace it with a drill. How to sand wood with this tool?
For surface treatment, different types of nozzles are used. The brush is used when you need to clean the surface of the old layer of paint. Such processing is considered rough. The brush is a washer with hard steel or soft copper twisted wires.
For a more accurate surface treatment, use a special nozzle with grinding discs on a drill. Depending on the required level of processing, discs come in different grain sizes. They are fastened with Velcro to the nozzle.
For processing complex parts, a petal grinding nozzle is selected. It looks like this: a disk with strips of sandpaper attached to it. In addition to grinding surfaces with a drill, you can polish parts. For this, a special sponge acts as a nozzle. Polishing paste is applied to the surface and rubbed with a sponge to a shine.
When the drill is used ashand grinder for woodit is important to adhere to the following instructions:
- The nozzle for the drill must be fixed in the chuck.
- To make the tool more comfortable to hold, an additional handle is attached to it.
- During operation, it is important to hold the tool firmly, it is also necessary to ensure the same pressure on the surface. Instructions are indicated on the packages with nozzles, according to which the permissible number of revolutions should not be exceeded.
Note! During operation, the tool may heat up, in which case you need to take a short break. We advise you to familiarize yourself with the rating of grinders!
Which wood sander to choose
IN construction stores can see a large number of different kind grinding machines ok on wood. How to choose the most suitable model? Power tools for woodworking differ in cost, as there are professional and household ones. Household grinders will cost less, but they are designed for continuous operation for 3 hours. After that, be sure to take a break for 15-20 minutes. Professional models are able to work for 8-12 hours without stopping. Sometimes you can take a short break, but it is not required.
Models of belt type grinders that are popular:
The most commonly used eccentric sanders are:
Before you buy a grinder, be sure to check it in the store for Idling. This will determine the level of vibration and noise from the operation of the power tool. The grinder also needs to be picked up. If the tool is comfortable to hold, and all the switches are in the right place, you can begin to consider the following indicators. They play an important role in the choice of power tools:
- power consumption;
- the presence of rubber handles;
- cord length;
- weight;
- engine speed control;
- the ability to connect the device to a vacuum cleaner.
The power consumption can only be compared between models of the same type. Grinding machines come in power from 120 W to 1.2 kW.
Rubber handles are needed for convenient use, if they are present, the tool is firmly held in the hands, does not slip off.
Heavy cars are more stable and easier to control. If you need to process a large vertical surface or sand the ceiling, it is recommended to use lighter models.
By adjusting the speed of rotation of the tape, you can use CMM for different types of work. High speeds are suitable for processing and polishing wood. To successfully complete the work, you need to ensure that the tool does not vibrate in your hands.
Almost all models are equipped with special containers in which all dust accumulates during operation. Containers or bags constantly need to be cleaned and this is inconvenient during constant work. It is much easier to connect the tool to the vacuum cleaner.
Useful video: choosing a grinder
The choice of grinder depends on the type of surface to be treated. At the time of buying Special attention given to the characteristics of the model. The tool is purchased in a specialized store or made by hand.
I welcome all those who work with metal and not only, I present to your attention a simple, convenient, powerful grinding machine. With this tool, you can easily and quickly form bevels on knives, sharpen axes and many other tools, perform grinding, and so on. As a power unit, a 220V engine with a power of 2 kW is used, the revolutions of which are 2800 per minute.
The belt on the machine is set with dimensions 1000x50, and the speed is 20 m/s.
This is very convenient to use, it quickly changes the belt. It is also reliable, there is practically nothing to break, such powerful engine hard to overload. The machine is also assembled easily from available materials. The most important thing is to find a suitable engine for homemade. So. Let us consider in more detail how to assemble such a machine.
Materials and tools used by the author:
List of materials:
- motor 220V, 2 kW, 2800 rpm;
- square steel pipes;
- Sheet steel;
- wires;
- nuts and bolts;
- shock absorber (will work as a tension);
- finished wheels (or you can carve them yourself out of wood);
- dye.
List of tools:
- cutting machine or grinder;
- drilling machine;
- Bulgarian;
- vice;
- welding machine;
- chisel, hammers, spanners other.
Manufacturing process of belt sander:
Step one. Base and stand
And as a basis, we need thick sheet steel. The metal must be strong, because here we will mount the engine, as well as weld the rack. We select a suitable piece of metal and mark it. The author drills holes in the corners of the sheet, they are needed in order to screw the legs. The legs will need rubber, we fasten them with bolts and nuts, so our machine will not walk on the floor and will be securely fixed.
Next, we prepare the blanks for the manufacture of the rack. Our stand is telescopic, that is, it is a pipe of a larger and smaller diameter, they go into each other. Cut off the pieces of pipe you need. cutting machine or Bulgarian. Next, we weld a wider pipe vertically to the base. The pipe must be welded evenly and as tightly as possible. We use the corners to weld the pipe strictly vertically. That's all, the rack is ready, let's move on.
Step two. Adjusting knot
The manufacture of the adjusting unit is the longest in this homemade product. This node is needed in order to change the angle of the upper driven wheel. Thanks to this parameter, we center the belt on the wheels. This assembly is made of steel plates, the process of assembly and operation of this assembly is shown in more detail in the photo. There is nothing complicated in manufacturing, we cut blanks, drill holes, cut threads where required.
Then this adjusting unit is assembled on a long steel plate, which is welded horizontally to a thinner steel pipe, which is pulled out.
Step three. Assembly
The author showed us only the main points on the assembly of the machine, other details were behind the scenes. So, for example, you will need to install some kind of spring that will “push apart” the telescope and thereby stretch sanding belt. The author has a shock absorber, something similar can be found in some washing machines. You can also adapt an old Soviet aluminum pump for this by installing a spring inside.
You will also need to install work planes on the frame, this is the table itself and the thrust platform. It's all made from sheet metal suitable thickness and this should not be a problem.
As for the wheels, you can carve them yourself from wood, plywood is suitable as a material, several layers need to be glued together to obtain the desired thickness. Turning wheels on lathe or on the motor you found for the grinder. The drive wheel is fixed on the motor shaft, and the driven wheel rotates on the bearing.
A do-it-yourself grinder is made from really very necessary “junk” that is in every workshop or pantry. The tool is used for final processing details, grinding, rounding corners.
There are several types of such a device. The most common is a grinder with a vibration principle of operation. One of its main elements is a flat sole fixed on the base. It transmits movement from the motor to the abrasive surface. The harder you press the device, the more powerful the vibration movements will be. Such a machine has a low speed, it is noisy, hands get tired quickly with it, but at the same time, such a tool is cheap and compact.
A subspecies of such a device is a device with a deltoid sole, which is brought forward.
Grinding machines types and purpose
Tape devices. Such a machine works on a different principle. A tape of abrasive material (sandpaper), glued into a ring, rotates on spindles. When working with it, you do not need to apply great efforts, since the rotation of the tape is quite fast. These machines have speed control functions, a system soft start. For more precise work, tape machines have a support frame. When working with such a tool, a lot of dust arises, so they often have a dust collector or the ability to connect to a vacuum cleaner. Various attachments can be attached to the spindles.
eccentric device. This is the most universal type among grinders. It can process almost any surface and materials. For curved planes, such a device is ideal. It has a round platform. The rotating abrasive is fastened with special clips or Velcro. The sole of the machine performs both rotational and vibrating movements at the same time.
Angle grinders. They are electromechanical and pneumatic. They are quite versatile, they can cut, grind, clean surfaces made of stone, metals. The device is very similar to the grinder, basically it is the grinder, but with special circles.
Polishing machines differ from angle polishers only with polishing nozzles.
Straight grinders perform small works with high processing precision. The spindle is parallel to the frame, like the shaft of a pen. Such machines are small in weight and size, they can be manipulated with one hand. Their main purpose is the grinding of corners, the processing of edges and small planes, such as planks and lintels. They look like a thick pen, they are used to engrave, cut and polish small objects.
Multifunctional grinders. They can combine several types of devices in one device, for example, a vibrating and tape machine, using replaceable nozzles.
DIY grinder video
Tools and materials for assembling a grinder
- wooden bars, metal elements for the base table;
- sheets of plywood, chipboard;
- old motor, computer HDD, power unit;
- bolts, screws, bearings, self-tapping screws;
- screwdriver, screwdrivers, drill;
- spring, steel, metal, textolite plate;
- welding inverter, if such work will be carried out;
- abrasive tape, circle, glue.
Making a grinder from a hard drive
Now it's not a problem to get a broken hard drive from the computer (but the circle should unwind) and the old computer block nutrition. If there is no house, then at any repair point they will be sold for a penny.
Such a device will be oversized, for small parts. It is done simply: the disk is disassembled, an abrasive is glued onto the rotating plane, connected to the power supply - the device is ready. It must be mounted on a workbench for stability, it can be equipped with a regulator, a servo tester for speed control and a switch.
Do-it-yourself angle grinder is made from a grinder, it is enough to make the necessary nozzle-circle from an abrasive. You can, of course, make it from scratch by selecting the necessary electric motor, placing it in a casing, attaching handles. But you need to remember about the safety of working with such a tool.
Belt grinder machine. Such devices consist of:
- working body: abrasive, two drums, leading and driven. There may be more drums in the machine;
- electric motor;
- casing, machine base, frame, table.
The do-it-yourself machine is equipped with a speed change function, the tape can be placed both vertically and horizontally.
Stages of manufacturing a grinder-machine of a tape device
- Preparation;
- equip the base-frame for the machine, it is rigid and stable;
- pick up the countertop, the larger it is, the larger parts can be processed;
- fix racks with tension parts and rotating drums;
- fixing the engine and drums, installing an abrasive belt.
To process large parts, they make an overall machine. To do this, they take an electric motor, which is well suited from old, sufficiently powerful household appliances, such as a washing machine.
The bed is made from a thick metal sheet.
Do not indicate the dimensions of the sheet, since in any case they come from individual preferences and the availability of materials, it can be, for example, 500x180x30 mm, more or less. A cutout for the motor is milled in the sheet, all this is attached to the bed, the necessary holes for the fasteners are drilled. All parts, and especially the engine, must be tightly fastened so that there is as little vibration as possible.
The motor can not be equipped with a gearbox if it is powerful enough. The do-it-yourself machine is created from two drums, one is firmly fixed on the shaft, the other is tensioned with it, you can adjust the degree of tension.
The frame is made up of thick wooden parts, but it is possible with metal ones. If there is a suitable metal and an inverter for welding, it can be welded. The plate for the support is made from thick plywood, I take several sheets, textolite is also suitable.
The second shaft is beveled, so the tape will smoothly touch the table. For drums take a few chipboard sheets, they are glued and turned to the required diameter, in the center they are made a few mm thicker, so the tape will hold well. Single row ball bearings are used for drum spindles. The abrasive belt makes its movement along the frame on which it is attached.
I have been making knives for several years now and always use 2.5 x 60 cm and 10 x 90 cm belt grinders in my business. For a long time I wanted to get another one with a 5 cm tape, as it would make my work easier. Since such a purchase would be an invoice, I decided to make it myself.
Problems in the design of the future machine:
Three limitations had to be overcome. Firstly, there was no tape 10 cm wide at the place, it could only be ordered online. For me, this option seemed not very acceptable, since there is no greater disappointment than to find that the tape has worn out and needs to be replaced, and you have to wait a week or two for a new one to arrive. Secondly, there was a problem with the rollers. I searched but couldn't find any suitable 10cm tapes. Thirdly, the motor. For tape grinding machine you need a fairly powerful electric motor, and I didn't want to spend extra money on this project. The best option for me was using a used motor.
Solutions to design problems:
The first tape problem found a simple solution. Since the 20 x 90 cm belt was freely available in hardware stores at a reasonable price, I could make two 10 cm from it. This imposed restrictions on the size of my machine, but due to cost effectiveness, this option was the best. The second problem was solved using a lathe. To do this, I watched a video on the Internet, and realized that I could make the videos I needed myself. With the motor, the task was more difficult. I had several electric motors in the garage, but for some reason I had to abandon them. Finally, I settled on an old tile cutter that had a 6 amp electric motor installed. At that time, I realized that this power may not be enough. But since the work was at the experimental stage, I decided to first achieve a working version of the machine, and the motor can be replaced later. In fact, for a small amount of work, the motor is suitable. But if you are going to be doing more intensive sanding on it, I would recommend a 12 amp minimum.
Tools and materials
Tools:
- Angle grinder with cutting discs.
- Drill and drills.
- Wrenches for 11, 12 and 19.
- Lathe.
- Vice.
Materials:
- Electric motor (6A minimum, or 12A recommended).
- Various bearings.
- Nuts, bolts, washers, lock washers of various sizes.
- Metal corner.
- Sanding belt 20 cm.
- 10 cm pulleys.
- Powerful spring.
- Steel bar 4 x 20 cm.
- Timber 2.5 x 10 x 10 cm made of wood or MDF.
Electric motor for machine
I had a choice of several motors, but the electric motor that was on the tile cutter had a more suitable casing. To some extent, working on the machine was like an experiment, because I was not sure about the sufficient power of the motor. Therefore, I settled on a modular solution with a belt frame as a single element that can be removed and rearranged to a more powerful base. The speed of rotation of the motor suited me quite well, but I was worried that 6 A would give weak power. After a little testing, I saw that for simple work, this electric motor was suitable, but for more intensive work, you need to choose something more powerful. When designing your machine, pay attention to this point.
As I mentioned, the casing of the electric motor was very suitable, as it allowed you to create vertical machine which will be easy to move.
First you need to release it by removing the desktop, saw, protection, water tray, leaving only the electric motor. Another benefit of using this motor was the threaded core and nut to hold the saw in place, allowing the pulley to be mounted without the use of a key (I'll explain what a key is later).
Since I had a pulley that was too wide, I decided to use the large pressure washers that usually secure the saw, turning one upside down so that there is a wedge-shaped groove between them. I found that the space between them was too narrow, and in order to expand it, I placed between them lock washer. The advantage in this method is that the pressure washers have a flat edge, which is fixed with a flat edge for simultaneous rotation with the core.
Belt
The drive belt I used was 7 x 500mm. A standard 12mm can be used, but a thinner one is more flexible and will put less strain on the motor. He does not need to rotate the grinding wheel.Belt sander device
The device is simple. An electric motor drives a belt that rotates a 10 x 5 cm "master" pulley that drives the abrasive belt. Another pulley 8 x 5 cm is located 40 cm above the main one and 15 cm behind it and is mounted on a bearing. The third 8 x 5 cm pulley rotates on a lever and acts as a tension roller, holding the abrasive belt tight. On the other side, the lever is attached to the frame by a spring.
Determining the drive type
The main issue was to rotate the main pulley directly with an electric motor or with the help of an additional pulley and a drive belt. First of all, I chose a belt drive because I wanted to be able to change the engine to a more powerful one, however, there was another reason. When you do intensive metalworking, there is a risk of running into some problems. Belt drive in such cases will slip, while direct drive will create big problems. With a belt, the device will be more secure.Frame fabrication and installation
It is important to mention that using a metal angle as a frame can have both advantages and disadvantages. The obvious advantage is that it is convenient to assemble it, like a designer in childhood. But the main drawback is that it is strong only in two directions, but weak when twisting. So, you need to take into account this weakness and calculate what torque can be transmitted from the pulleys to the frame, and compensate for it with the help of additional jumpers.
Cutting:
You can use a hacksaw to cut the corner, but an angle grinder with a cutting disc will make the job faster. After cutting off all the elements, I would recommend sanding all their sharp edges so as not to cut yourself during assembly. Holes can be drilled with a conventional drill and cutting fluid.
Main roller
The main video is the most important detail project, since it receives torque from the motor and transfers it to the tape. I used an old bushing to mount it, but I recommend using a bearing instead. The bushings do their job, but they constantly overheat and require regular lubrication. Moreover, they can scatter dirty grease, which is annoying during operation.
Shaft:
On the sides of the shaft there is a thread with different directions so that the fixing bolts do not loosen during rotation. If you cut one of the threaded sides, as I did, leave the one that goes counterclockwise, otherwise you will have to make a lock bolt (I will describe how to do it later) and a cotter pin. The main pulley will be put on the cut edge.
Pulley:
Continuing the theme of reuse, I found an old pulley from another project. Unfortunately, I prepared it for the threaded pin that it was supposed to hold on, but, in fact, this is not a problem. In this pulley, I made a rectangular cutout. Then, using an angle grinder, I cut a groove into the end of the shaft. By placing the key in the hole formed by the groove of the shaft and the rectangular cutout of the pulley, I securely fixed them relative to each other.
Production of rollers for a grinding machine
I made the rollers out of several pieces of hardwood 2.5 cm thick. But you can use MDF, plywood or other material. When laying the layers, it is necessary to make sure that the fibers are perpendicular, this will give the rollers additional strength and the layers will not split.
It is necessary to make three rollers: the main roller, the upper roller and the tension roller. The main roller is made from two 13 x 13 cm pieces 2.5 cm thick. The top and idler rollers are made from two pieces of wood measuring 10 x 10 cm.
Process:
Start by gluing pairs of 13 cm and 10 cm pieces of wood, clamping them with clamps. After the glue has dried, trim the corners with miter saw, then find the center of each part. Fix them in a lathe and machine them until they measure 5 x 10 cm and 5 x 8 cm.
Top and tension rollers:
Next, you need to install the bearings in rollers measuring 5 x 8 cm. Select a core or spade drill, and drill a recess in the center to the width of the bearing. The inner ring of the bearing must rotate freely, so a hole must be drilled through the roller through the inner ring of the bearing. This will allow the bolt to pass through with a minimum opening.
Main video:
This detail is done a little differently. There are no bearings on it, however, if the shaft is less than 5 cm out of the roller, it will be necessary to grind the roller in width. Measure the diameter of the shaft and drill the same hole in the center of the roller. Try to insert the shaft, it must hold tight, otherwise the roller will shake.
Bolting rollers
Next, you should fasten the two halves of the rollers with bolts, you should not rely only on glue. Remember that the bolt heads must be sunk into the wood as the roller rotates in close proximity to the frame.Tension lever
The lever is made of a metal bar measuring 10 x 30 x 200 mm with rounded edges. It needs to drill fairly large holes, so I recommend using a drilling machine and a lot of lubricant for this. You will need 4 holes in total. The first is at the pivot point. It is not in the center of the bar, but 8 cm from its edge. The second hole will be on the edge closest to the pivot point. It will serve to attach the spring. Two additional holes must be drilled at the opposite end, approximately 5 cm apart. They should be a little wider in diameter as they will be used for the setup I'll cover next.
When all the holes are made, you can fix the shoulder on the vertical corner between the top roller and the base. The end where the spring will be attached is directed towards the main roller. It should rotate freely, so I recommend using two nuts for fastening, not completely tightening the main one, and using the second one as a lock nut.
Installing rollers
The top roller is fixed statically and must be clearly in the same plane as the idler roller and the main roller. You can do everything by eye, but I recommend checking everything well with a level. To align the roller, you can add a washer, or, if it is not enough, a bolt. They are inserted between the frame and the roller.
It is not necessary to fully install the tension roller. Still need to make a stabilizing device.
Tape stabilization
Wear on the rollers or an uneven surface can cause the abrasive belt to gradually come off the rollers during operation. The stabilizer is a device on the idler that allows it to be angled to keep the abrasive belt centered. Its arrangement is much simpler than it looks and consists of a fixing bolt, a little free play on the idler pulley and an adjusting bolt.
Drilling holes in bolts:
For this purpose, I made a device, in the form of a wedge-shaped cut in the board, which will help to hold the bolt in place at the time of drilling. You can do it manually, but I don't recommend it.
fixing bolt
A fixing bolt is a simple bolt with a hole drilled in it, and which is installed on the bar through a wide hole that is closer to the pivot point of the lever. Since it is located between the lever and the roller, its head must be ground off so that the roller does not cling to it. The bolt must be fixed as shown in the figure.Bolt holding roller
It needs to be loosened a little so that the tension roller has a little play. But so that it does not unwind, you need to make a castellated nut. To do this, you just need to make cuts on the edges of a regular nut so that it looks like a crown. There will be two drilled holes in the bolt itself: one for the adjusting bolt, and it will be aligned with the hole of the fixing bolt, and the other for fixing the castle nut with the cotter pin.Bolt for setting:
Once the idler is in place, the adjusting bolt can be installed, which will pass through the holes of the fixing bolt and the bolt on which the idler rotates. The system works by tightening the adjusting bolt, causing the idler wheel's axis of rotation to shift its angle of rotation outward, thus causing the belt to move closer to the mechanism. A spring at the other end of the arm adjusts the tension in the opposite direction. I recommend securing the adjusting bolt with a locknut, as vibrations can loosen it.
Note: You can add a spring with reverse side tensioner pulley, but I did not find any reason why this is worth doing. A slight advantage is that in this way the roller will have less play. But I will add that I did not do this, and I did not have any problems.
Completion of work on the manufacture of the machine with your own hands
When everything is done, you need to check all the bolts again, and make sure that the stabilization mechanism is assembled correctly. Then you need to turn on the device for the first time, which can be scary. It's like driving a car where the steering wheel and transmission don't work. I recommend turning the motor on and off for a very short time so that the machine does not spin at full speed.
In fact, the hardest part for me was the spring setting. If you pull too hard, the tape will not be able to rotate ... Too weak - and it is impossible to hold it, it flies, which in itself is dangerous.
Ready!
That's all. You should end up with a decent medium power belt grinder that can be converted to a more powerful one if desired.
Hope you enjoyed this tutorial. Thank you for your attention.
Often there is a need to different kind finishing works on a wooden surface.
The use of such a unique tool as a wood grinder helps to significantly speed up the execution of this kind, as well as improve their quality.
It is quite popular among buyers. That is why I would like to dwell in more detail on the features of this tool, as well as its varieties.
The popularity of such equipment is due to its rather wide area. By using a grinder for woodworking, you can perform the following types of work:
- Curved plane polishing
- alignment flat surface, which is located on a fixed working table or by means of its mechanical movement manually
- Edge processing of various parts or their ends
- Carrying out the preparation of a wooden surface for carrying out painting work etc.
All these and other types of work often have to be performed in a country or private residential building.
In addition, a wood grinder is easy indispensable tool for craftsmen who work with wooden surfaces and preparations.
In addition, when choosing equipment, it is necessary to pay attention to such an indicator as the grain size of the abrasive belt. In order to be able to perform different types of work, experts recommend that when buying a machine, take several types of tape at once with a different grain size.
Vibrating
The design of this type of equipment consists of a body and an abrasive element, which is attached with strong clamps.
Grinding is performed as a result of frequent oscillatory movement of the worker.
The master can set the amplitude of movement independently in manual mode.
This indicator fluctuates in the range of 1 - 5 mm.
The smaller the amplitude, the more accurate and finer the processing will be. working surface.
delta grinder
A distinctive feature of this is the presence in its design of the working sole, the shape of which resembles an iron. Using this equipment, the master has the ability to work with all types of surfaces.
Equally important is the presence in its body of a small acute angle. Thanks to this, by using this tool, it is possible to process such surfaces or parts that consist of one or more hard-to-reach corners.
Different models of the machine have different speed work. Significantly increases the popularity of such a tool among buyers and the fact that its working surface can be rotated in different directions as needed, as well as to replace different nozzles. Thanks to this, the use of equipment increases several times.
Eccentric
The main difference between this type of tool and others is that it is designed to perform jewelry processing of the working surface. The abrasive surface has a round shape.
The master can independently choose the degree of graininess of the surface. The subtlety of the work performed depends on this indicator. The sole of the equipment is equipped with small holes through which dust is removed.
Thanks to this, working with such a tool ensures the safety of the master. It is also of great importance that the master can choose the speed at which the sole of the machine with the abrasive surface attached to it will rotate.
Renovator
This tool is used by craftsmen as an analogue of a grinder. His distinctive feature is multifunctional.
By using a renovator, you can perform the following types of work:
- Make cuts of different diameters and shapes in the work surface
- Clean the back tiles or any floor covering
- Trim different communication lines
Such a variety of functions has become possible thanks to the many attachments that are included in the equipment.
The wide variety of wood sanders greatly increases the range of jobs that can be done with them. In addition, the masters have the opportunity to choose the most optimal equipment, which is designed to perform a certain type of work.
Making a grinder with your own hands
It's no secret to anyone that home master it is quite difficult to do without such unique equipment as a wood grinder.
Despite the apparent complexity of the device, a do-it-yourself wood grinder is a reality.
I have an opportunity simple manufacturing tool from a conventional computer power supply that has already failed.
First you need to prepare all the parts and tools necessary for work:
- power unit
- Old computer disk
- abrasive surface
- Bolts or screws
- Speed controller
- Switch
The build sequence is:
- Disassemble the power supply so that only its twisting part remains.
- Attach a computer disk with an abrasive surface attached to it with glue (abrasive material can be fixed permanently, or small clamps can be made. Thanks to this, the master will be able to change the surface as it wears out)
- Connect power supply and speed controller.
This is how you can make a simple grinder them at home. With its help, you can work with small work surfaces.
Such equipment can also be made from a simple grinder. Easy enough to change abrasive wheel. But it should be borne in mind that the rotation speed of the abrasive element of such a machine will be quite high.
Therefore, it is worth paying special attention to the observance of safety measures when working with such a tool.
Often masters adapt conventional drill so that it can be used as a grinder. To do this, you need to use a special nozzle.
Emery is attached to its working part. And on the opposite side, a small shank is inserted.
It will be necessary in order to be able to connect this nozzle and the drill chuck. With the help of such a tool, it is possible to process rather large surfaces not only from wood, but also from metal or plastic.
How to choose the right equipment
In order for the wood grinder to work with full efficiency, it is necessary to pay special attention to the following indicators when buying it:
- The type of work being done. Different types and equipment models are designed to perform various operations, as well as to work with different work surfaces. These indicators can be found in the technical data sheet of the tool, which is included in its kit.
- centering mechanism. This element is designed to fine-tune the abrasive surface. If the design of the machine has such a mechanism, it means that it will be much easier to work with it, and the quality of the operation will increase by several points.
- Speed controller. Thanks to this mechanism, the master can independently adjust the speed of the tool. This is especially important if there is no necessary work experience or if the work surface https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eE7j2vOW8gg is uneven.
- Grain size of the abrasive. This is the indicator that affects the quality of the work performed. If precise surface treatment is planned, the grain index should be very small. For routine cleaning of tiles or linoleum, a coarse-grained abrasive surface is also suitable.
Wood sanders are a unique type of tool, without which it is impossible to do without. household. On the market of tools you can find several types of such equipment.
In addition, a grinder can be made and, and how to do it from a fan is shown in the video:
