If you decide to build your own home, you may be faced with difficult choices. It consists of purchasing material. And if earlier everything was simple, then nowadays, thanks to the variety of building materials, it is difficult to make a choice. Here you will find brick, aerated concrete, and rounded, glued or profiled timber. The list goes on. Glued laminated timber is becoming quite popular. He showed himself to be good, he has a large number of positive reviews and is in demand.
There are many who wonder: what is better, a time-tested brick house or a relatively new technology construction of houses from laminated timber? This interest Ask, which we will discuss in this article. We will compare both the materials themselves and houses made of brick and laminated veneer lumber. Thanks to this, you will be able to make your choice.
Comparison of material characteristics
It is the characteristics that make a material suitable or not in a particular area. Anyone involved in construction must know by heart all the pros and cons of the material. It is clear that every material has disadvantages, however, they need to be properly leveled. Let's start with laminated veneer lumber.
Note! Glued laminated timber is the same wood that has undergone automatic processing. The beam is cut into several lamellas, lubricated with adhesive and joined into a single beam.
The photo shows what the finished timber looks like.
So, here is a list of the positive aspects of the material:
As for the disadvantages, laminated veneer lumber has the following:
- high price;
- not as durable as brick or aerated concrete;
- contains adhesive substances. Although everything is within normal limits, people with a tendency to bronchial diseases may feel discomfort.
What can you say about brick? Reliable and durable houses have long been built from it. Here are the indicators it has:
But here are the disadvantages of brick:
This data is enough to conduct some analysis of this or that material. However, additional information will help you decide which house is better.
House made of laminated timber
If earlier it was difficult to build houses from wood, then with automated equipment and new materials this task has become much easier. In addition, laminated veneer lumber is good because no gaps are formed during the construction of walls. The building material has ideal geometric shapes, which allows you to implement any projects.
If you are a connoisseur of nature, beauty, a favorable atmosphere and comfort in the house, then laminated veneer lumber is just for you. Assembling the house is quite easy, according to the principle of the designer. The following types of wood are in demand in construction:
- larch;
- pine;
- cedar.
The materials emit a pleasant pine smell, which has a beneficial effect on the body.
Note! Larch is not a cheap material, because in Russia it is grown only in some places. However, its thermal conductivity is very good.
What do you get when you build a house from laminated veneer lumber?
If we talk about the negative aspects, there are only a few of them. First, you will need to maintain your home. This is the only way it will serve you well. Secondly, such a design will cost a pretty penny. Thirdly, the house does not have the same fire resistance as brick. Otherwise, this is an excellent choice. Look how beautiful a house made of laminated veneer lumber looks.
Brick house
Perhaps your entire childhood was spent in just such brick houses. This building material was very popular, and remains so to this day. Over the years, many users have loved it. It's all about the characteristics of the material. If we compare a house made of timber and a house made of brick, the second is far ahead of the first in terms of reliability and strength.
The material is not afraid of any interference. He is not afraid of rain, hurricane, fire or mechanical damage. In addition, brick houses can be called completely safe and environmentally friendly.
Note! Brick houses are warmer than concrete ones, but are still much inferior in thermal conductivity to other materials.
But such construction also has a lot of its disadvantages. For example, building such a house can be more expensive. The fact is that the foundation must support a large mass of the structure. Therefore, 40-50% of all funds go to the device good foundation. Also, not everyone can work with brickwork. You need to hire an experienced mason to make your dream come true. A brick house cannot be called beautiful either. Therefore, they resort to finishing with facing bricks, which are even more expensive, or other materials.
What was done
Project: the Innsbruck project was adapted to the site and the wishes of the Customer's family, and a solution was proposed to move the terrace.
foundation: based on geology and the architect’s calculations, the house was built on a pile-grill foundation.
ceilings: basement - reinforced concrete monolithic; interfloor - reinforced concrete floor slabs.
box: walls made of aerated concrete blocks, masonry with masonry glue. Windows are made to order, with one-sided lamination, installation on site.
roof: metal tiles.
external finishing: walls are insulated with basalt facade insulation and plastered, finishing elements made of wood, manufactured locally, based on technical specifications visualization, painted. The base is lined with decorative stone.
interior finishing: finishing was carried out according to the design project, where the combination of decorative plaster with stone and wood was taken as the basis. False beams were installed on the ceilings.
additionally: a fireplace has been installed and finished.
What was done
This is the very case when our Customer and we speak the same language and are inspired by the ECO high-tech style! Designer Ilya came to us with a ready-made Project for his future home! Our team liked the project - it’s so unusual and stylish solutions It's always a professional challenge!
We prepared estimates for Ilya and developed unique design solutions - all this allowed us to implement this project! The frame house is made using our proven Canadian technology with 200 mm insulation along the entire contour! The outside of the house is sheathed with imitation timber. All windows are custom-made and laminated in colors according to the project. Additional accents are placed thanks to professional painting of imitation timber and selection of paints.
What was done
What does it cost us to build a house? Indeed, having a team of professionals and knowledge, building a house from scratch is a matter of time! But sometimes the task is more difficult! We have introductory ones - an existing foundation, or buildings on the site, extensions to existing buildings and much more! For the Matsuev family, this was precisely the difficult task. They had a foundation from an old burnt house, and a landscaped area around it! The new house had to be built in a short time on the existing foundation. Dmitry and his family had a desire to build new house in high-tech style. After careful measurements, a design was made that took into account the old layout, but had a new one modern form with interesting innovations! The house now has an entrance area where you can sit at a table on cozy evenings and a complex but possible in our area exploitable roof. To implement such a roof, we called upon our knowledge and modern building materials, LVL beams, fused roofing and much more. Now in the summer you can have an unusual dinner on such a roof or watch the stars at night! In the decoration, our architect also emphasized the minimalistic and graphic high-tech style. Smooth plastered walls with painted plank details, and wooden beams at the entrance added personality. The inside of the house is decorated with imitation timber, which is painted in different colors depending on the purpose of the room! Large windows in the living room kitchen overlooking the site - created desired effect illumination and airiness of space! The house of the Matsuev family has graced our photo gallery in the section of country architecture in the high-tech style, the style chosen by brave Customers with excellent taste.
What was done
Olga and her family have long dreamed of a country house! A reliable, solid home for living that will fit perfectly into their difficult narrow area! With the advent of children, it was decided to make the dream come true; children grow quickly and in own home There are many opportunities and fresh air in nature. We, in turn, were glad to work on an individual project for a house in a classic style made of red brick with a bay window! After the first acquaintance with our company in a cozy office, we invited Olga to take a look at our existing construction site: evaluate the order and construction processes, storage of materials on site, get acquainted with the construction team, and make sure the quality of the work. After visiting the site, Olga decided to work with us! And we were glad to do our favorite job again to make another country dream come true!
What was done
Project: changes were made to the San Rafael project and redevelopment was made according to the wishes of the Customer.
floors: basement - reinforced concrete floor slabs; interfloor - reinforced concrete floor slabs
box: walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks, masonry with mortar??? Windows have been installed.
roof: metal tile
terrace: rough fencing elements have been completed, flooring has been installed.
What was done
Dmitry contacted our company with an interesting preliminary design to calculate the cost. Our experience allows us to perform such calculations based on preliminary designs with minimal errors, no more than 2%. Having visited our construction sites and received the cost of construction, Dmitry chose us from many of our colleagues in the workshop to complete the project. Our team began to carry out a difficult and expressive country project with spacious premises and a garage, large windows and sophisticated architecture. After the project was completed, Dmitry chose us as a contractor company, and we, in turn, wanted to do further work on the same high level! Since the object is large, Dmitry proposed stage-by-stage cooperation, namely, upon successful completion of the foundation work, we began the second part of the project - walls + floors + roofing. Also, the exact timing of construction was important for Dmitry; in order to speed up the construction processes, the team was reinforced by 2 experienced masons.
The box on a pile-grillage foundation was delivered right on time! The result pleased us and the Customer. All stages of the work were coordinated and worked out for Dmitry and his individual project, which benefited all participants in the process!
What was done
Project: The project of our company Inkerman was changed taking into account the wishes of the Customer’s family, the house was planted on the site, taking into account the existing situation on the site and the relief
foundation: based on geology and the architect’s calculations, the house was built on a reinforced pile-grillage foundation.
ceilings: wooden wooden beams, in places of large spans, installation of LVL beams. The basement floor is insulated with 200mm basalt insulation; interfloor covering with 150mm sound insulation.
box: box: walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks, masonry with mortar. Windows have been installed.
roofing: installation of metal tiles.
external finishing: the facade is insulated with 100 mm basalt facade slabs, the facades are covered with facing bricks; color scheme proposed by the architect and agreed with the Customer.
What was done
The Krutov family decided to build spacious house for the life of the whole family!
Olga and other family members went from idea to implementation in several stages! The choice of technology, long work on the project, construction of the foundation, construction of the house with exterior finishing and then work on interior decoration! Frame technology was chosen as energy-saving, prefabricated and high-tech! Why did the Krutovs choose our company? They were pleased with the quality of work on our construction site and the workers who gave us a detailed tour! We also worked on the estimate for a long time, combining different variants finishes, comparing their costs. This allowed me to choose best option from a wide variety finishing materials and complete sets.
The project was created by an architect friend, but we had to work out the constructive part of it. After which the most reliable and effective foundation was erected - USHP. Next, work began on the box. A frame house with 200 mm insulation along the entire contour and a unique roof insulation technology of 300 mm. For the exterior decoration, siding was chosen in a spectacular combination of colors - coffee and cream. Accents are placed thanks to powerful roof overhangs, an interfloor belt and large windows!
What was done
When you decide to become the proud owner own home and move to a new home for permanent residence, first of all, you think about what the house will be like; what to build it from; how much will it cost and most importantly, WHO will do all this?
Alexander came to our company with the desire to move to his own country house. He liked the Avignon project and there was already a strip foundation. After the initial visit to the site, measurements and inspection of the foundation, we gave our conclusions and recommendations. Strengthen the foundation, change the project and adapt it to the size of the existing foundation! After agreeing on the cost, it was decided to build in winter. Alexander received a gift of reinforced concrete floors, one of the leading construction teams and a house according to the design he liked, which stood on a plot with exterior finishing by spring! Alexander observed every stage of construction, regularly visiting the construction site and was pleased with the result, and we were pleased with our work. This is an individually designed Avignon project, implemented in stone technology with external insulation and siding finishing!
What was done
Each house is a separate story of creation and implementation! One day we built a house for good people and they recommended us to someone else to a good person! Rumyantsev Andrey came to our company with a desire to replace the old country house to build a one-story spacious country house with a fireplace for warm family evenings... It was decided to build the house from aerated concrete blocks so that the future country handsome man would delight the owner for decades! The customer voiced his wishes for finishing - and we, in turn, brought everything to life. Thanks to detailed visualization of the project, each element of the exterior decoration is a member of a friendly ensemble! Bavarian masonry, as the final stage of exterior decoration, looks noble and thorough. Without a doubt, such a tandem - aerated concrete and brick can be safely called the best solution in the field of stone house construction - warm, affordable, beautiful, reliable. Modern technologies have advanced so much that such unique configurations become available in a short time, because we built this project over the winter months. The main thing is to own the necessary knowledge and constantly replenish their stock!
What was done
Project: the project of a European company was taken as a basis and was adapted to the site and the wishes of the Customer’s family; a terrace and patio were proposed, taking into account the cardinal directions on the Customer’s site.
foundation: based on geology and the architect’s calculations, the house was built on a pile-and-grid foundation.
ceilings: basement - reinforced concrete monolithic; interfloor - wooden on beams with a 150 mm sound insulation device.
box: walls made of aerated concrete blocks, masonry with masonry glue. Windows are made to order with one-sided lamination, installation on site.
roof: metal tiles.
Exterior finishing: the walls are insulated with basalt facade insulation and plastered. Based on visualizations added façade panels under the Tolento stone. The enclosing elements of the terrace and balcony are made of wood, made locally, based on technical specifications visualization, and painted. The roof overhangs are lined with soffits matching the color of the roof.
| Vladimir Murashkin, The owner of a house “brought to life according to his idea and sketch!” House parameters: |
What was done
When Customers come to us with bright, modern ideas future home, we light up doubly! After all, work on a new stylish project it’s always interesting and a challenge, how to implement everything bold ideas from a constructive point of view, what materials should be used? Vladimir bought a plot of land with picturesque views of the Oka bank! This view could not be ignored, so a dizzying terrace (51.1 m2) and a large balcony, oriented towards beauty, became an indispensable attribute of the future house! Vladimir wanted to relax in nature in wooden house, and it was necessary to build a house in a short time and ideal solution For such tasks, frame construction technology has become! If we’re going to be different, it’s in everything! The house was made even more spectacular by the vertical finishing of imitation timber made of durable larch, painted in natural shades with emphasized wood texture. Laminated windows complement the modern look of the house! It turned out to be an excellent country house, with highlights and at the same time incredibly functional.
It all started with an individual project found by the Customer’s family on a European website. It was with him that she came to our office for the first time. We have done preliminary calculations on the project, took a tour of the active construction site, shook hands and work began to boil! The architect improved and adapted the project to the site and the Client’s family; the foreman “planted” the house on the site. Based on geological surveys, it was decided to place the house on bored piles. The frame grew in a few weeks, then the roofing, insulation, exterior finishing! Over the winter, a house grew on the site. The customer invited a third-party technical supervisor who monitored the process independently of our multi-stage control. The color scheme for painting the imitation timber was selected by our manager and here in front of us is the bright and cozy country house of the Pushkov family’s dreams!
Combination of materials – favorite hobby designers, in capital construction used to solve important practical problems. Proper combination of the physical qualities of stone and wood in the load-bearing walls of a building gives the developer a tangible benefit in cost and comfort.
It was these two factors that made houses from combined materials popular and widespread in modern suburban construction.
What combinations are reasonable and permissible when constructing such a structure?
Most often, stone (brick, monolithic concrete, aerated concrete or expanded clay blocks). The second floor is built from rounded logs or laminated veneer lumber.
It should be noted that combinations of different wall materials may also affect external finishing. A combined house allows you to use any façade decor options: brick walls The first floor can be finished with a blockhouse, insulating them using the “ventilated facade” technology.
The second frame floor can be improved decorative plaster or stone tiles. As an example, we invite you to look at the photo below.
Looking at such a house, you will not be able to unambiguously answer the question of what it is built from. load-bearing walls. Although a combined technology of wall construction is also used here. The first floor of this building is brick, lined with siding. The second is a wooden frame finished with ceramic tiles.
Constructive options for combined houses
Despite the variety of facade decor, the construction of combined houses must comply with the main principle: 1st floor is stone, 2nd floor is wood. It provides the building with the necessary strength and creates conditions for comfortable living on the second floor. Another problem solved by the combination of materials is reducing the labor intensity and cost of construction.
Anyone who does not want to spend extra money on exterior decoration is doing the right thing. The combination of stone and wood is optimal not only for structural reasons, but also from an aesthetic standpoint. Therefore, do not hide behind the finishing what looks perfect in itself.
An example is a mansion built in a deliberately rough combination of natural stone and logs. It fully complies with the canons of country style.
It originates from the harsh mountainous terrain, invented by Alpine shepherds. It also used the idea of combining durable stone and warm wood.
Life in the mountains requires maximum reliability and functionality. Therefore, the first level of the chalet is always built from durable rock that is not afraid of snow debris, rockfalls and water. The second floor is designed to create comfort and coziness. Can't find one for these purposes best material than natural wood.
The “ancestral sign” of all buildings built in the chalet style is wide roof overhangs that protect the walls from heavy rains and melting snowdrifts.
Modern combined houses made of stone and wood are extremely diverse, since the choice of wall materials is very wide. If you are not satisfied with torn stone or flat limestone “flagstone”, then build the first floor from. They are quite durable and at the same time as warm as natural wood.
When preparing for construction, do not forget that houses made of foam blocks and wood require a reliable connection between the first and second floors. Cellular concrete is a rather fragile material. Therefore, it will not hold the steel anchors securing the second level support beam.
A competent solution for such a design is pouring on foam block walls monolithic belt made of reinforced concrete. It increases the spatial rigidity of the building and allows you to securely fix the anchor bolts.
The appearance of a foam block wall is not very expressive. Therefore, it is better to cover it with blockhouse or siding, laying a vapor barrier and a layer of mineral wool insulation behind the façade cladding.
For the combined construction of a cottage you can use. They are stronger than foam concrete, not as fragile and very warm. Finishing arbolite walls is not labor-intensive, since any decorative plaster adheres well to them.
The second floor can be built from planed timber. This material retains heat well in a residential floor and does not require finishing cladding.
If you need a three-level combined house made of brick and timber, then build it according to this scheme: the ground technical floor is monolithic reinforced concrete, the first level is brick, the second is a frame or log house.
Talking about frame version walls of the second floor, we note that it will not only save your money, but will also allow you to flexibly change the internal layout, adapting it to family needs.
You can hide the frame of the second floor behind the finishing. Another interesting option is to specifically highlight it, turning it into an element of facade decor. A half-timbered structure is best suited for this – an old one frame system, in which the posts, beams and cross braces face the façade.
A serious problem with all cottages is dampness on the ground floor. A combined house solves it simply and functionally. The lower floor is reserved for utility rooms. Here you can equip a boiler room, a bathhouse, a workshop and a garage. Bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, playrooms and a kitchen are located on the second, drier floor.
A combined house and a combined facade are not the same thing!
As we have already said, the combination of different wall materials is the main feature of a combined building. In contrast, the combined façade of a house can be used on any residential building.
For example, by building a cottage from insulated sandwich panels, you can easily “disguise” it as a stone one. For this you can use ceramic tiles, sandstone, porcelain stoneware or rustic plaster. If ordinary, rather than facing, brick is used for laying walls, then a “combi-facade” will also be appropriate.
The photo shows a house being built from brick and timber. Obviously nondescript brickwork additional finishing will be required. It doesn’t have to be decorated “like a stone.” It is enough to fill the blockhouse along the guides and your house will be completely “wooden”. Another option is a combination of semicircular false logs on the first floor and laminated veneer lumber on the second.
Pros and cons of the combination idea
Having noted the main advantages of combined buildings: efficiency, planning flexibility, aesthetics and functionality, we will point out the disadvantages of such buildings.
The main one is different time“life” of stone and wood. In rocks it reaches 150 years. At best, the tree will last half a century. For light frames and panel walls this period will be even shorter. Therefore, a moment will inevitably come when the first stone floor is still quite strong and reliable, and the walls of the second floor already require repair.
Since combined country houses in Russia are still quite young, then negative experience different speeds There is no aging of wall materials. Therefore, reviews from their owners are mostly positive.
To summarize, we advise everyone who has decided to build a combined cottage not to forget about the different service life of the first and second floors. To extend the life of the walls, buy well-dried and antiseptic wood, and trust the assembly of the frame to experienced professionals, not hackers.
For wooden frame A properly assembled drainage system is required to prevent moisture from entering the wood. In addition, at the construction stage, constant quality control of the sealing of all cross sections is required. wooden racks and beams.
Such structures first appeared in the Middle Ages, and at first they were common in the Alps. Then, combi-houses began to develop in other territories, because such housing was to the liking of the Germans, British, Austrians, French and representatives of other nationalities inhabiting Europe at that time. Main features such houses are sloping gable roof and the use of at least two main materials in construction - stone and wood. A little later, this style of architecture was called a word that you have probably heard - “chalet”.
The first floor is stone, the second and all subsequent floors are wooden. Although, most often combi houses are two-story. This solution is optimal, because stone is a heavy and durable material, so the first floor serves as a reliable foundation for all subsequent levels made of wood. It is noteworthy that it is a stretch to call combined houses wooden suburban real estate, lined with brick, natural or artificial stone. At their core, they are not combi-houses, because both stone and brick take on the finishing function, and design features structures have no effect.
Pros of combi houses
- Decent appearance. Combined houses can fit into any landscape, and they are sure to attract attention, because they are still classified as atypical for Russia. But they are most suitable for our climate, which is very similar to the Alpine.
- Durability. We dare to assure you that for a chalet, a hundred-year service life is not the maximum value, which is explained by the peculiarities of the materials. What can happen to a stone that doesn’t burn or rot?! If you are confused by the fact that all subsequent levels are made of wood, then do not worry: for construction we use softwood lumber. It is less susceptible to rotting and the effects of other negative factors, moreover, wood material, regardless of the name, is treated with antiseptic compounds, as well as impregnations that provide fire resistance.
- Low price. This is true, because the construction and commissioning of a “partially stone house” is cheaper compared to a stone structure. Even the most elite lumber is cheaper than stone.
- Environmental friendliness. Conifers trees tend to release phytoncides and regulate heat and air exchange well. Stone retains coolness in summer and warmth in winter, and the combination of these materials ensures the creation of an optimal microclimate.
- Accelerated pace of construction. Combi-houses are lightweight compared to their brick and stone counterparts, which means that building a foundation will require much less time, money and effort. Also, such structures do not require shrinkage.
- Fire resistance. Combi houses become victims of fires much less often than frame, timber and log houses, and the reason for this is the presence of stone elements in the structure. Treating wood with fire retardants can reduce the likelihood of fire significantly.
- New business opportunities. This point may seem confusing. We explain: having a chalet-style house, it becomes possible to make an interesting business decision. On the ground floor of such a building it is quite possible to set up an office, cafe, shop, bakery, workshop, and on the second floor you can live with your family. You may be interested in this, and we are ready to finalize the project you like in accordance with your wishes, because organizing a business space implies a separate entrance and a layout different from the “domestic” one.
Are there any disadvantages to combi houses?
The disadvantages of combi-houses boil down to the possible risk of shortening their service life due to insufficient care wooden elements. Stone is more resistant to precipitation, excessive humidity and temperature changes, and in order to preserve the original characteristics of wood, it needs to be looked after, that is, wooden surfaces must be periodically treated with special compounds.
What do we offer
"Russian Style" is a diversified company with a staff of different specialties, including: planners, architects, designers, masons, craftsmen specializing in construction wooden houses, finishers, etc. We can offer one of our many projects for your consideration. Also, you have the right to deviate from the standard layout scheme, because most often on the ground floor of a chalet house there are technical and utility rooms such as kitchens, bathrooms, boiler rooms. In addition, dining rooms and living rooms are located on the ground floor. The second floor is a living area, with bedrooms, offices, and dressing rooms. If you see your future home in a slightly different format, then tell us about it.
Cooperation with our company has many advantages. Here are just a few of them:
- The presence of a huge number of standard projects that can easily be transformed into individual ones.
- Possibility of constructing a facility on credit, including a mortgage (all documents are prepared in our office).
- Quality assurance.
- Attracting the labor of highly qualified workers - citizens of Russia.
- Only high-quality materials are used in construction.
We carry out projects of any complexity.
Advantages and disadvantages of combining materials
Work projects combined houses and cottages usually have a first floor made of stone (brick, gas or foam blocks) and a second floor made of wood. This solution has its advantages:
- Fire protection. Brick and stone are non-flammable. On the ground floor you can install a fireplace, boiler and other equipment with an increased fire hazard.
- Durability. The lower part of the house suffers the most from negative influences, therefore, using brick or stone, you can ensure the durability of the structure.
- Construction of housing from logs and stone or brick is cheaper than entirely stone (or brick) cottages. Savings are achieved not only due to the lower cost of wood, but also due to reduced costs for insulation and finishing work.
- Energy efficiency. Wood retains heat better - this allows you to save on heating costs.
- Reducing the overall weight of the building and saving on foundation construction.
- Aesthetics. With proper design, a house made of combined materials turns out to be unusual and attractive.
But for the compatibility of different building materials, it is necessary to protect one raw material from another: for example, wooden floor isolate from the lower part of aerated concrete and brick. If the first floor is monolithic and the second floor is made of logs, a concrete base is required.
Common options for combining materials
- stone and wood - a classic combination;
- made of blocks and timber - a budget option;
- brick and timber or rounded logs - reliable housing, can be of any size;
- foam blocks and brick cladding - houses made of brick and foam blocks suggest a reduction in construction costs;
- monolith and log - a strong structure suitable for a respectable cottage;
- monolith and frame - suitable for regions with mild climates.
Buyers often choose projects of combined houses made of aerated concrete and wood: the construction price of such buildings is lower than brick-wood buildings, while the weight of the structure is lower and the thermal insulation properties are better.
We offer projects of combined houses: from foam blocks, wood, brick, monolith; with an attic or attic roof; interesting options with a second light are also available.
The layout of the internal space in them is made taking into account the characteristics of the materials.
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What is the advantage
The model of combined houses, where the main materials are wood and stone, is not new. Initially, this solution was used in the Alpine mountains. And this is fair, because all the building material was at hand. Stones were used to build the foundation. The first floor could also be made of it, which was used as a storage room for various utensils. Due to heavy snowfalls, the first floor was often covered with snow, but thanks to the stone there was no detrimental effect on the structure. On the second floor of the house there were rooms for the inhabitants. Wood retained heat perfectly, so even strong winds were not a problem. Guided by this information, it is easy to highlight the positive aspects regarding combined buildings:
- high strength;
- durability;
- good thermal insulation;
- resistance to various weather conditions;
- availability of material.
When choosing a combined option, it is also important to know about the disadvantages of this structure:
- high project cost;
- certain complexity of construction;
- the need for high-quality insulation;
- the need to insulate the basement.
It is worth saying that in modern construction, instead of natural stone, combined options can be used. different kinds blocks, and natural stone serves as cladding for them. The cost is as follows combined design significantly higher when compared with frame house, but in terms of strength it surpasses this one. The construction of a combined building requires a special and attentive approach to detail; only in this case will it be possible to combine wood and stone in the best possible way. It should not only be practical, but also attractive. building block needs insulation. If this is not done, then significant heat loss will occur through it. The wood must be separated from the building blocks by waterproofing. In its absence, the support beams may rot, which will lead to destruction.
How not to build
The wrong way to combine different building materials can significantly reduce their service life.
example, in some cases the developer proposes to perform partial or complete cladding of a brick building using wooden lining. From an aesthetic point of view, this interesting solution, but from a practical point of view, you will have to take into account many points and treat the wood in a special way so that it is not subject to putrefactive processes. There have been cases where sufficient clearance was not provided between the brickwork and timber cladding. Because of different coefficient expansion, cracks and deformations appeared in the wood.
Facing wooden structure is also not always a good idea. If the building is assembled from rounded timber, then there is no need for such cladding. It is important to be careful when it comes to frame houses. Partial cladding is allowed, as it can add zest to the project, but it is simply impossible to complete a full cladding with stone. It has significant weight, which the walls and foundation are not designed to support.
Historical background
The best way to construct a combined building will be to understand what they were like originally. Special attention was given to the roof. In a combined house, it was necessarily pitched and gently sloping. The angle of inclination was small to reduce windage and reduce wind load. The rafter system was massive, and additional stones were laid on top of the flooring to hold it in place. In the original houses, called chalets, the roofs had a large overhang. In some cases it reached three meters. This was done to achieve two goals:
- protect the wooden part of the house;
- collect more snow.
Large overhang combined house perfectly protected its wooden part from the effects of precipitation. With constant contact with moisture and water, wood loses its shape and may dry out. Besides, in rainy weather under such slopes it was possible to do certain things. In summer, a wide overhang protected residents from the scorching sun. A large overhang also increases the area of the roof itself. The larger it is, the more snow can be retained on it. Snow serves as a natural insulator, which reduces heat loss through the roof. The attic floor in combined chalets has always been residential.
Roofing in classic version wooden shingles protruded from the combined house. It was made from aspen, cedar, larch or oak wood. The elements were fixed to rafter system wooden nails. Such flooring for a combined house could easily be made independently. The advantage was the ease of repair, as well as excellent sound insulation. From modern materials a soft one would be an excellent replacement bitumen shingles. It can be chosen to match the overall structure, which will allow it not to disturb the harmony.
One of the notable features of the house, which is made by combining materials, is a wide balcony. It was covered with a canopy at the top and was a continuation of the second floor. It was supported by wooden piles. A similar approach can be applied in modern combined houses. Good decision There will also be the use of French windows, which will blur the line between the room and nature.
Finished projects
An interesting completed project for a combined house made of stone and wood can be seen in the photo above. The basis of the combined house is natural stone, and not a modern block. This approach made it possible to perfectly fit the house into the landscape. A natural hill was chosen as the site for the construction of the combined house, so a garage was built below, the entrance to which was also paved with natural stone. Stone is also present in a fragmented finish, which made it possible to erase the boundary between stone and wood. The roof is tiled, and the overhangs are made with sufficient projection.
The photo above shows another one interesting project cottage combined house. This option for a combined structure will look great outside the city. The lower part of the building is fragmentarily trimmed with stone, and the upper part is assembled from timber. There is a large terrace in front of the entrance, and on the second floor there is a balcony, which is protected from precipitation by roof overhangs. The basis of the combined building is a strip foundation, and the terrace is installed on a columnar one. This allows you to reduce costs and not lose strength.
Above is another option for a combined house. Its peculiarity is that it already looks like a chalet, but like a Russian hut. The wooden part of the combined house is made of rounded timber. This achieved excellent thermal insulation in the combined building. For the windows of the combined house, frames from plastic profile, which have lamination. The foundation of the house is recessed and the outside is finished with stone. Soft tiles harmonize perfectly with the materials.
The combined building, which can be seen in the photo above, is presented in a modern minimalist design. Its upper part was built using a frame method, which made it possible to reduce the load on the first floor.
This project is an example of combinations in façade decoration. The combined building is built of wooden beams. The roof slopes have a small angle of inclination and wide overhangs. The corner of the house and the base are finished with natural stone. There is not much of it, so it does not put much pressure on the walls. On the first and second floors of the combined building there are French windows that occupy the entire height of the wall.
This combined house project is excellent example how you can beautifully combine two different building materials. As you can see, the combined house was built using frame technology. Its first floor is decorated with natural stone. The support pillars on which part of the combined building rests are also covered with natural stone. On top there is a large terrace where you can sunbathe.
In this project, everything is thought out to the smallest detail and perfectly combined. Under the upper terrace of the combined house there is a recreation area, which is perfectly protected from precipitation. The area near the first floor of the combined house is filled with concrete and does not protrude above ground level, which makes it possible to eliminate sharp transitions. A natural stone Not only is it present on the lower level, but it is also visible on the chimney and on part of the second floor. The roof finish is very similar to that used in the classic version of the chalet. There is a video about the combined house project below.
bouw.ru
Advantages and disadvantages of combined housing projects
Any design cannot be perfect. There will always be pros and cons of individual houses and the materials used for construction. Combined projects have their own characteristics. Let's talk about the advantages of using timber and brick together.
Reliability of a combined house
Any building can be reliable if everything is taken into account during construction important points. The combined project provides greater reliability of the house. Mostly two-story cottages are built according to this principle. The ground floor and first floors are made of brick. This ensures structural strength and extends the life of the house. Brick is not afraid of fire, water, strong wind, and sunlight. Provided the foundation is laid correctly, the brick box will not move or be destroyed by the elements. It is better to make the second floor from timber. There are several variations of timber:
- not profiled;
- profiled;
- glued.
Before choosing a timber, familiarize yourself with the quality characteristics of each so as not to make a mistake. They mainly use profiled and laminated timber for log houses. Wood has different properties, which can be extended by building the lower part of the box out of brick. A reliable brick base will allow a light timber box to stand under any circumstances. For example, during a flood, a home is often flooded to the level of the roof if the house does not have a superstructure. Wooden structure rarely withstands large flows of water and its influence:
- it is difficult to dry the log;
- the box is deformed or, in general, falls apart;
- required major renovation or installation of a new log house.
When constructing a building according to a combined project, the following consequences can be avoided:
- the lower floor is made of brick and is not subject to destruction;
- it is enough to dry the walls and foundation;
- perform interior finishing.
- the second floor made of timber will not be damaged by water.
There can be many such situations; we will not list them.
Comfort of a combined house
Possibility of accommodation common rooms on the first floor:
- kitchens;
- bathroom;
- living room;
- toilet;
- boiler room
Brick can withstand changes:
- temperatures;
- humidity;
- fumes from cooking.
The tree does not behave so flawlessly. Therefore, a private area is placed on the second floor. In the relaxation and sleep areas, the timber retains its natural properties:
- breathes;
- allows moisture to pass through;
- keeps warm;
- creates a comfortable microclimate.
This allows you to create comfortable conditions to residents. The first brick floor is set up for an active life, the second floor made of timber helps you relax, enjoy the tranquility and natural decor of the walls.
Combination house safety
Fire safety concerns not only residents of apartment buildings, but also individual mansions. This is no coincidence. How much equipment and engineering structures are provided in the cottage for a full-fledged stay. Gas and electric appliances carry a fire hazard. Brick is resistant to fire. Its use in the construction of the first floor is very advisable due to the location of fire sites. The brick will prevent the fire from spreading quickly. The second floor made of timber, with a timely response, will not be exposed to fire.
Speed of box construction for a combined project
If you don’t have time to wait long, combined housing projects will come to the rescue. An attic made from kiln-dried laminated or profiled timber can be assembled quickly:
- poured the foundation;
- given the opportunity to dry out;
- laid out a brick wall;
- assembled the second lightweight floor from timber;
- the wooden box looks aesthetically pleasing even without finishing;
- establish communications;
- moving to live on the second floor of a combined building.
The first floor requires more time to finish. So we’ll deal with it last, living on the second floor.
Price of combined projects
I would like to save money during construction. Combined house projects allow you to do this. The brick, its masonry, and mortar will cost the developer a decent amount. We will have to build a house on one floor. It is cheaper to install a log house from timber if you do the installation yourself. This is easy to do from profiled or laminated timber. Here's the savings for you. House by affordable price. The project of a combined frame made of brick and laminated timber is more expensive, but the properties of profiled timber are no worse. Choose for yourself what to make the second floor from.
The disadvantages of combined projects include the following:
- Exterior view of the facade. A combined house does not have a specific style. The rough simplicity of brick is the natural appearance of timber. It can be fixed. There are façade finishing elements. They will give a finished look to the walls.
- Search for generalist builders for a combined project.
- It is necessary to correctly calculate the transitions of walls from the first to the second floor and install them.
Otherwise, the shortcomings may be of a personal nature based on the requirements of the owner of the combined housing.
Types of houses according to a combined project
Houses made of brick and timber are of different modifications.
- Often projects are presented with two-story houses. It is possible to build structures of greater height. It all depends on the client’s imagination and capabilities.
- There are one-story projects - remodeling existing house. Not long ago for construction individual house Hand-cut logs were used. The box has retained its appearance and strength, but the square meters need to be increased. On wooden box It is not always possible to build a second floor due to the foundation or soil. Then a project is created to expand the house at the log house level:
- Adding a toilet, shower, new kitchen. Brick is more suitable for this. The result is a project for a combined house made of timber and brick on one level.
- Sometimes a log house is covered with brick in one layer. Environmental friendliness, comfort, room climate is maintained, and functions are expanded.
Projects of combined houses made of brick and timber are welcome:
- If the soil does not allow the construction two-storey house made of brick. The load is large, the foundation can burst and cause deformations and distortions.
- A second floor made of glued or profiled timber will reduce the load.
- You can save on strengthening the foundation for a heavy house. There will be no need to raise the soil layer to a sufficient height.
The combined project will make the dream of a two-story cottage accessible. To be decisive, watch a video about houses made of brick and timber:
Let's look at photos of projects of combined houses made of brick and timber: A house built of brick and timber looks unique. IN last years there was a demand for projects. Combined housing is very popular abroad. A well-known example is a “chalet” house or buildings that combine a brick first floor and a frame second tier. Projects of combined houses made of brick and timber deserve attention. Having studied the design features, you can safely begin to create and implement your own version.
infobrus.ru
Constructive options for combined houses
Despite the variety of facade decor, the construction of combined houses must comply with the main principle: 1st floor is stone, 2nd floor is wood. It provides the building with the necessary strength and creates conditions for comfortable living on the second floor. Another problem solved by the combination of materials is reducing the labor intensity and cost of construction.
Anyone who does not want to spend extra money on exterior decoration is doing the right thing. The combination of stone and wood is optimal not only for structural reasons, but also from an aesthetic standpoint. Therefore, do not hide behind the finishing what looks perfect in itself.
An example is a mansion built in a deliberately rough combination of natural stone and logs. It fully complies with the canons of country style.
The chalet-style house, invented by Alpine shepherds, has its origins in the harsh mountainous terrain. It also used the idea of combining durable stone and warm wood.
Life in the mountains requires maximum reliability and functionality. Therefore, the first level of the chalet is always built from durable rock that is not afraid of snow debris, rockfalls and water. The second floor is designed to create comfort and coziness. For these purposes, you cannot find a better material than natural wood.
The “ancestral sign” of all buildings built in the chalet style is wide roof overhangs that protect the walls from heavy rains and melting snowdrifts.
Modern combined houses made of stone and wood are extremely diverse, since the choice of wall materials is very wide. If you are not satisfied with torn stone or flat limestone “flagstone”, then build the first floor from foam blocks. They are quite durable and at the same time as warm as natural wood.
When preparing for construction, do not forget that houses made of foam blocks and wood require a reliable connection between the first and second floors. Cellular concrete is a rather fragile material. Therefore, it will not hold the steel anchors securing the second level support beam.
A competent solution for such a structure is to pour a monolithic reinforced concrete belt over the foam block walls. It increases the spatial rigidity of the building and allows you to securely fix the anchor bolts.
The appearance of a foam block wall is not very expressive. Therefore, it is better to cover it with blockhouse or siding, laying a vapor barrier and a layer of mineral wool insulation behind the façade cladding.
For the combined construction of a cottage you can use arbolite blocks. They are stronger than foam concrete, not as fragile and very warm. Finishing arbolite walls is not labor-intensive, since any decorative plaster adheres well to them.
The second floor can be built from planed timber. This material retains heat well in a residential floor and does not require finishing cladding.
If you need a three-level combined house made of brick and timber, then build it according to this scheme: the ground technical floor is monolithic reinforced concrete, the first level is brick, the second is a frame or log house.
Speaking about the frame version of the walls of the second floor, we note that it will not only save you money, but will also allow you to flexibly change the internal layout, adapting it to family needs.
You can hide the frame of the second floor behind the finishing. Another interesting option is to specifically highlight it, turning it into an element of facade decor. For this purpose, half-timbering is best suited - an ancient frame system in which posts, beams and cross braces face the facade.
A serious problem with all cottages is dampness on the ground floor. A combined house solves it simply and functionally. The lower floor is reserved for utility rooms. Here you can equip a boiler room, a bathhouse, a workshop and a garage. Bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, playrooms and a kitchen are located on the second, drier floor.
A combined house and a combined facade are not the same thing!
As we have already said, the combination of different wall materials is the main feature of a combined building. In contrast, the combined façade of a house can be used on any residential building.
For example, by building a cottage from insulated sandwich panels, you can easily “disguise” it as a stone one. To do this, you can use ceramic tiles, sandstone, porcelain stoneware or rusticated plaster. If ordinary, rather than facing, brick is used for laying walls, then a “combi-facade” will also be appropriate.
The photo shows a house being built from brick and timber. Obviously, the unsightly brickwork will require additional finishing. It doesn’t have to be decorated “like a stone.” It is enough to fill the blockhouse along the guides and your house will be completely “wooden”. Another option is a combination of semicircular false logs on the first floor and laminated veneer lumber on the second.
Pros and cons of the combination idea
Having noted the main advantages of combined buildings: efficiency, planning flexibility, aesthetics and functionality, we will point out the disadvantages of such buildings.
The main one is the different “lifetime” of stone and wood. In rocks it reaches 150 years. At best, the tree will last half a century. For light frames and panel walls this period will be even shorter. Therefore, a moment will inevitably come when the first stone floor is still quite strong and reliable, and the walls of the second floor already require repair.
Since combined country houses in Russia are still quite young, there is no negative experience of different rates of aging of wall materials. Therefore, reviews from their owners are mostly positive.
To summarize, we advise everyone who has decided to build a combined cottage not to forget about the different service life of the first and second floors. To extend the life of the walls, buy well-dried and antiseptic wood, and trust the assembly of the frame to experienced professionals, not hackers.
A wooden frame requires a properly assembled drainage system to prevent moisture from entering the wood. In addition, during the construction stage, constant quality control of the sealing of all cross sections of wooden posts and beams is required.
greensector.ru
Combined houses: what is it?
This type of building is not know-how. Even in the times of Kievan Rus, it was noticed that such houses are strong, light, more resistant to fire and better conserve heat. With the development of technology, there are more variations in the combination of materials for combined houses. However, stone and timber remain closest to the ideal.
Two-part houses, as a rule, have 2 floors. The basement level is built from durable stone, which is resistant to fire, strong winds, precipitation, groundwater and abundant sun. In addition, the stone base of the house becomes an excellent support for the second floor, which is assembled from wood. The timber helps to increase the energy efficiency of the structure, adds coziness, beauty and convenience. It can be of several types, depending on the purpose:
- Glued. One element consists of many thin glued lamellas made of softwood.
- Unprofiled. Regular timber, obtained after processing a log at a sawmill. The cheapest option for construction.
- Profiled. It has grooves and bulges for reliable fixation and improved thermal insulation at the joints. Has clearly defined parameters.
Among the projects of composite private dwellings, the chalet style is in demand - Swiss shepherd's houses with characteristic strongly protruding eaves overhangs. The cottage got its shape for a reason. It allows maximum transformation Sun rays V thermal energy. The second wooden floor of such a house is an attic.
Attention! Other options for combination with wood: concrete, foam blocks, expanded clay blocks or reinforced concrete.
Pros and cons of combined houses
The popularity of such cottages is explained by the large predominance of positive characteristics over negative ones. This type of building is actually quite practical. Its advantages:
- lightweight construction, reduced pressure on the foundation (compared to a conventional stone or brick house);
- the possibility of construction in a place with close groundwater;
- durability;
- the possibility of construction using modern eco-materials that are safe for the environment;
- wide choose design solutions along with high aesthetics;
- efficiency;
- higher fire safety (compared to buildings made only of wood or modern combustible materials);
- increased protection against moisture;
- The function of the second floor is a thermos: in hot weather it will be cool there, in cold weather it will be warmer.
There are not many disadvantages of two-part houses:
- wood lasts less than stone;
- Stone and wood have extremely different physical and technological properties, which is why difficulties may arise after use in severe frost or heat;
- even in combination with a non-flammable neighbor, the timber remains a flammable material.
Stone is not as light as foam blocks or expanded clay building materials. Such a house should be additionally strengthened against subsidence with a high foundation. Nevertheless, combined housing is a solution for those who cannot afford it. two-story cottage. Architects also recommend this type of structure when, due to heavy load, the foundation of a 2-story brick or stone house may burst or cause distortion. In fact, an ordinary foundation for a 1-story house is sufficient for the construction.
The design approach to the arrangement of rooms can be anything, but usually fits into the natural concept. The facade of the house is also usually not additionally covered - the more natural the texture looks, the better. The stone part can be additionally decorated in a rural or other direction, and the timber can be decorated with carvings.
There are exceptions when, with the help of modern facing materials both floors result in a uniform design style. But in this case, do not forget about the different characteristics of the materials. On one, after a few years, the cladding will still look good, on the other it will no longer hold up.
When drawing up a project, the size of the home does not matter. In the photo you can see cottages that are completely different in size and design. The condition of the soil is also unimportant. The main thing is that the ground is not swampy and can support a one-story stone house.
The construction of such a building takes relatively little time. The main period will be spent pouring, drying the foundation and raising the stone walls. A lightweight wooden level develops much faster: it does not require finishing. At least for the first time, you can live with bare wooden walls while you decorate the lower floor. Even before picking up a spatula or facing panels, carry out communications. They are advised to be located only on the 1st floor.
Attention! The combination of premises for business and life in a 2-story combined house is quite in demand. Downstairs the owners are setting up a commercial area, and upstairs they live themselves, making a separate exit and communications.
The combination of materials in housing construction opens up wide possibilities for its styling. You can make a home to suit every taste. To avoid disappointment with the result, work only with experienced builders.
dachadizain.ru
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