Facade frame house can be finished various materials– panels, wood, artificial or clinker stone. You can also use glass, metal, plastic. The facade can be sheathed with siding, a block house and even covered with brick.
Existing options for frame house facades are divided into ventilated facades and non-ventilated ones, which include so-called “wet” coverings and tight-fitting panels. These options are distinguished by the presence of a ventilation hollow gap between outer wall and insulation. They also differ in the method of fastening external cladding– by dense gluing or more flexible fastening with screws.
What are the advantages various options frame house facades? And what is better for a frame - a ventilated facade or a tightly glued one, planted on cement mixture wall cladding?
Facade finishing options
A ventilated facade is one of the most popular types of external wall decoration. It is used for various buildings. They cover the walls of old buildings that have lost their appearance. They also protect the insulation material from atmospheric influences. In frame houses it serves as an external cladding.
Ventilated facade.
The ventilated facade is a multi-layer curtain structure. It is “hung” on a frame that is built on the surface outer wall. In frame buildings, the ventilated facade is attached to the frame wall.
The empty space between the surface of the wall, insulation and the outer cladding material is called the ventilation gap. Its thickness can vary, most often it ranges from 20 to 50 mm. Through this air gap, moisture is removed from the wall and from the insulation.
Ventilated facade with OSB sheets. The ability to ventilate moisture ensures the dryness of the façade covering and prevents premature destruction of the wall. Therefore, hollow gaps must be equipped for those types of cladding that deteriorate from dampness (wood, metal panels). Weathering of moisture is the main advantage of a ventilated façade structure.
What materials can be used as external cladding of a frame house in ventilated facades:
- Decorative panels – metal and vinyl siding.
- Wooden block house and facade board.
- Composite glass panels for facade finishing.
- Solar panels.
On a note
IN frame structures The surface of the insulation is additionally covered with a windproof membrane, which prevents the insulation from blowing through and allows you to maintain a comfortable microclimate in the house.
Exterior decoration of block house
This finishing material allows you to give your home a real look wooden log house. In fact, no one will guess that the surface of the wall is wooden only on the outside, and on the inside there is an effective heat-insulating material, mineral wool insulation. Therefore, the outside of a block house is one of the most affordable options for “wooden” construction.
External treatment with block house. The block house is a type of carriage-type boards. Therefore, the exterior decoration of a frame house in the photo demonstrates the real wooden house. The outer rounded surface of the blockhouse resembles a log, which allows the material to imitate a real log house.
The block house is not only decorative, but also a technological material. There are grooves and protrusions along the two long sides of each board for ease of installation and tight connection of the boards to each other. With the help of grooves, the edges of adjacent boards or panels are tightly inserted into each other.
On a note
And it is also important to take into account for durable construction. Since the block house is real wood, it needs to be protected from getting wet, moisture and rotting. Namely - sufficient roof overhang, impregnation of the surface with water-repellent components.
Facing the frame with PVC siding
Another option for finishing a frame house is siding panels. More often they are made of metal or plastic.
Plastic or vinyl or PVC siding is the most inexpensive exterior wall option. It is simple, light, bright and decorative. However, it has one important drawback - low strength, which is especially reduced during severe frosts. Plastic siding can be “inadvertently” broken by a careless kick or an accidental hit by a ball.
Vinyl siding frame technology. Metal siding is a more durable and more expensive option for wall finishing. It is also bright and decorative because it can be coated with polymer and painted in any color. It is durable and strong. At the same time, it has two important drawbacks - it can rust and creates noise when raindrops hit. Therefore, metal siding almost always needs to be protected from water and moisture. Its surface is covered with polymer. This coating also reduces noise from touching metal surfaces.
On a note
Both types of siding are called lightweight wall and roofing materials, so they are often used for frame construction.
Plaster
Plastering is a traditional wall decoration for buildings. Finishing a house with plastering is used as an inexpensive way to protect exterior slabs or insulation panels from the elements. More often than others, walls made of plywood or OSB are plastered.
The facade of the house is covered with plaster. Before applying a layer of plaster to the walls of a frame house as reinforcing mesh Expanded metal sheets are used. The production of PVL has a high-tech process, which creates high-quality and wear-resistant material.
When applied to wood panels, the plaster protects their surface from possible wetness. The plaster itself is decorated on top - it is painted or the surface is given a certain relief, for example, bark beetle.
External finishing of frame buildings by plastering uses various mixtures. Their selection is made taking into account the base material - wood, plywood, OSB, as well as decorative requirements. The list of materials that are suitable for applying the plaster composition is indicated on the packaging of the plaster mixture.
Exterior finishing with facade bricks
In ventilated facades frame houses don't use heavy ones wall materials– stone and concrete plates. Sometimes they use façade facing bricks and lightweight artificial stone. They are distinguished by their average weight, which allows them to be mounted on a lightweight foundation.
Facing brickwork in a frame On a note
Facing the frame with brick increases the weight of its walls by 2 times. However, often the construction of a foundation for a frame structure is carried out with a large margin of safety, which turns out to be sufficient for brick finishing.
Cladding a frame house with brick is rarely used. It requires flexible connection of the external masonry to the house. In addition, it does not comply with the rules of insulation, according to which it is recommended to arrange wall materials according to the killing characteristics of thermal insulation. – less thermally insulating materials (brick, wood), on top of which are materials with better thermal insulation(cotton, polystyrene or other insulation).
Finishing the facade with thermal panels
Thermal panels – facing material with an insulating layer. They are used in various constructions for wall decoration and insulation. The inner layer of the thermal panel is made of polystyrene foam. External - from facing tiles. Clinker coating is often used as the outer layer.
External imitation of masonry. The clinker panel is similar to traditional tiles, but differs from it in improved performance characteristics. Clinker has increased frost resistance, durability, and strength. Due to this, the clinker tiles have a smaller thickness, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the cladding, and use clinker for cladding the frame.
The use of façade thermal panels in a frame structure enhances the thermal insulation of the wall. This must be taken into account when choosing the thickness of the main insulation located between the frame posts. It can be reduced if you use insulated thermal panels as wall cladding.
On a note
Thermal panels are installed using screws and self-tapping screws. They can be placed close to the insulation, to the OSB sheathing sheets or at some distance from it (used in ventilated facades).
And one more advantage - thermal panels are very decorative. After grouting the gaps between adjacent panels, the coating creates the impression of solid brickwork.
Exterior finishing of frame
Artificial stone can be used in frame construction. It differs from natural more affordable price and, most importantly, weight. Fake diamond made from natural stone chips and polymer resin. This material imitates natural masonry, creates the impression of material wealth, image, prestige.
Facade masonry made of artificial stone is often used for finishing brick and monolithic concrete houses. This material is rarely used in frame construction. The reason is that it is much more expensive than any other type of wall decoration, and in frame construction one of the main selection criteria is the affordability of the material.
Frame building with stone. Finishing frame structure The photo from the outside shows what the façade of a frame building looks like with this facing material.
Finishing a frame house
For heat-insulating materials based on mineral wool, ventilation facades are used. Cotton insulation easily gets wet and loses its heat-saving properties. Therefore, even under the vapor barrier membrane it can “absorb” moisture and require ventilation. To do this, when insulating with mineral wool insulation, ventilation gaps or a ventilated façade are installed.
For slab insulation such as expanded polystyrene, you can use both ventilated facades and “wet” cladding. Often, when insulating walls with polystyrene, they turn to the second technology and hang external walls without a ventilation gap. Without “wet” processes, foam can be hung on hooks, dowels, and self-tapping screws.
The facade of a frame house requires mandatory finishing on the outside, not only in order to give it an attractive appearance, but also to create additional protection walls from the penetration of moisture and cold air, because by their design frame house heterogeneous. The exterior decoration of the facade of a frame house, due to the peculiarities of its design, can be varied.
Frame house cladding work
Manufacturers offer a huge selection of finishing materials for exterior cladding of facades. Choosing suitable option exterior finishing, it is necessary to take into account the properties of the insulation that fills the spaces between the vertical load-bearing posts, as well as the features of the frame. But the main thing is to decide - will the facade cladding be done immediately and for a long time, or is the owner ready to update the outside of the house every three to four years?
Having chosen a natural material for the exterior decoration of your home, you must be prepared to care for it. Exterior decoration of the house using natural wood provides for regular coating of the façade surface protective materials to avoid their damage and loss of visual appeal.
Wood-like façade cladding
You can give a frame house the appearance of a wooden one using different finishing options - from ordinary cladding boards and lining to their modern analogues - block house, planken or wooden panels polymer based.
A block house will help give a frame house the appearance of a traditional log structure, and planken has successfully replaced cladding boards in the external decoration of facades.
House, sheathed wooden planks with tinting
Facade of a planken frame house
In appearance, planken is similar to a regular planed board with one significant difference - planken has rounded edges, and not rectangular, like a board, which gives this material a number of advantages. The main one is that the cladding is not installed end-to-end, but with a two-millimeter gap, which, by creating free air circulation, helps to avoid deformation of the wood during prolonged exposure to moisture.
Planken cladding option
The most common raw material for making planken is larch. Its wood is extremely highly valued due to its strength, hardness (second only to oak in hardness) and resistance to rot. Larch wood is widely used for production building materials, despite the difficulty of processing due to its high density and resin content. But larch planks, thanks to these same qualities, will be an excellent choice for the exterior decoration of a frame house.
The planken is attached horizontally to a lathing made of wooden blocks treated with an antiseptic, or to a metal frame. A planken that has a vertical fastening or is laid at an angle will not look so traditional.
Planken façade finishing scheme
A distance must be left between the sheathing and the wall of the house so that air can circulate freely to avoid water droplets appearing on the sheathing and walls.
The methods of fastening to the sheathing differ in straight plank and options with beveled corners. Planken with beveled corners are mounted with an overlap, then the gaps between the boards are hidden.
An alternative to larch planken is an equally attractive planken made from a wood-polymer composite.
Among the undoubted advantages of composite planken is its price, as well as its resistance to natural influences (it does not warp from high and low temperatures and does not fade in the sun). In addition, a facade made of composite materials does not require special care after installation.
Facade finishing with clinker tiles
Finishing the facade with clinker tiles imitating brick gives the house solidity and solidity, but does not create additional load on its foundation, which is often made in a lightweight version on screw piles.
Production of clinker tiles from highly plastic clays subjected to pressing and heat treatment at extreme high temperatures ah, make it an extremely durable material, completely suitable for outdoor use.
The undoubted advantages of clinker tiles - a new generation of decorative material - include the fact that they can withstand significant temperature changes, are resistant to mechanical and chemical influences and almost do not absorb moisture, so finishing with tiles will provide the walls of a frame house with additional protection.
The combination of two types of tiles in the decoration of a frame house
Clinker tiles are available in a wide range of colors and have a variety of textures - from smooth and glossy to rough, imitating untreated stone.
It is more convenient to carry out the external finishing of a frame house with clinker tiles using ventilated facade technology, which involves lathing the walls with a frame made of galvanized profiles or wooden beams treated with antiseptics. A wall screen is attached to the sheathing. Screen options are fiber cement slabs or hydropanels, since the exterior of the house is finished with clinker tiles only on flat surface.
Scheme for finishing the facade with clinker tiles
If brick or foam concrete blocks, they must be plastered before finishing the facade with clinker tiles.
Thermal insulating blocks pre-coated with reinforcing plaster can be used as a basis for tiling. The first layer of plaster is laid with a fiberglass mesh secured to the wall surface, then a second plaster layer is applied, on which, after drying, clinker tiles are laid.
Installation of external façade finishing is carried out using special adhesive compositions for clinker. Dilute the glue, following the manufacturer's instructions on the packaging, in small portions so that you have time to use it within half an hour while it retains its properties. The joint width when laying should be approximately 12 mm. This is necessary not only in decorative purposes, but also to create bridges for removing condensate, since the clinker slab, as noted, almost does not absorb moisture at all.
Proper grouting of joints is of great importance when laying clinker.
The simplest and cheapest option, but not the best in the long term, is to use a sand-cement mixture as grout. Since cement is significantly inferior to clinker tiles in terms of resistance to impacts of any kind, over time it can crumble, and then the cladding will lose its neatness.
More suitable methods for processing joints are to use a semi-dry mixture for facade clinker tiles or grout with a plasticizer using a special gun.
Wide seams are rubbed with a narrow spatula. The semi-dry mixture has a fairly dense consistency; the spatula compacts it in the seams and smoothes it on the surface, but does not always fill the seam completely. Grout applied to the seams with a gun fills them evenly. Smooth the grout with a damp sponge.
Facade thermal panels in external finishing
It is gaining popularity for the exterior decoration of a frame house. new material- facade thermal panels. The basis of the thermal panel is a slab of polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene, with clinker tiles glued onto it. This finishing material received its name “thermal panels” for its excellent thermal insulation properties. They are not afraid of either frost or extreme heat, they are resistant to mechanical damage and fire, and are not susceptible to fungus and mold.
This is what cladding a house with thermal panels and ceramic tiles looks like
Thermal panels are light in weight, which, coupled with their significant size, speeds up the external cladding frame house, providing a fairly large wall covering area. Thermal panels are mounted on a flat surface, so the lathing with wall screens will serve as the optimal basis for attaching the thermal panel.
Thermal panels are laid starting from the bottom left corner of the house, attaching them to the frame with self-tapping screws. Small gaps that arise when joining the thermal panel are removed using polyurethane foam. The last stage The joints are grouted with frost-resistant grout to give the cladding a natural look.
Exterior finishing of a frame house with decorative plaster or wet facade
Use of decorative plaster - no less interesting way external finishing of a frame house. Decorative plasters of various colors and textures are available on the market, so there is a chance to make your home unique using this exterior finishing option.
Finishing the facade with plaster consists of three stages:
- the walls of the house are covered with polystyrene foam boards, which are attached to the sheathing using glue and self-tapping screws;
- a reinforcing layer of plaster is applied to the slabs;
- The facade prepared in this way is covered with a layer of decorative plaster.
Scheme for finishing the facade with plaster. Types of plaster
It is better to glue the slabs in a checkerboard pattern, avoiding their joining in the places of window and doorways, it is better to cut their corners in solid slabs. This will further save the facade from the appearance of cracks at the joints. Then, for reliability, the plates are fixed with self-tapping screws. Small gaps between the plates are foamed, sanded and leveled with sandpaper.
Expanded polystyrene boards not only perform the function of preparing the surface for applying plaster, but also serve as an additional insulating layer for the walls.
Then they begin to apply a reinforcing layer to the walls. First on the wall covered polystyrene foam board, a layer of glue 2 mm thick is applied, a reinforcing mesh is pressed into it, and excess glue is removed with a spatula. The mesh pieces are overlapped to avoid cracks during finishing. External corners are reinforced with perforated corners on which the mesh is glued, or with a double layer of mesh.
Before applying a decorative layer of plaster to the walls, they must be thoroughly dried and then primed.
Finishing a frame house with siding
The cheapest option for finishing a frame house is siding. This type of finish does not age over time, looks great and has good performance characteristics. It belongs to the category of “maintenance-free facades”.
Light gray siding
Using different types siding, you can imitate any external finish - from stone and wood to plaster.
Siding is always mounted in the same way - on a sheathing made of wooden beams or metal carcass, starting from the bottom. Self-tapping screws or galvanized nails are usually used to secure siding. Exterior siding is usually available with special holes for fastening.
Siding façade finishing scheme
Among modern materials used for finishing cottages, wood is not the only option. The market offers many effective ways. Read the information below and you will properly arrange your home!
A modern cottage is wooden building, built on the principle of a skeleton on which the walls, ceiling, roof and floor are attached. His universal design gives scope for choice of cladding. Wood itself is not ideal: to prevent heat from escaping through such walls, it is necessary to increase their thickness to 6 centimeters. If metal is used for the base, then the problem of heat loss is even more aggravated. By choosing the right finishing material, you will ensure comfort and health for yourself and your loved ones. The house will be reliably protected from wind, frost, precipitation and high temperatures.
It is better to choose a material for cladding that can take on part of the load.
When choosing an option, please pay attention to the following information:
- Modern frame houses are lined with materials that can take on part of the load. They give the structure additional rigidity. The main criterion for selection is mechanical strength in compression and bending, and absence of shrinkage.
- Exterior finishing must repel moisture, be resistant to temperature changes and the effects of microorganisms - fungus and mold.
- The flexibility of the material during processing and ease of installation are important. Especially if you decide to do everything yourself. The total repair time depends on how simple the installation is. The selected building material must be amenable to drilling and cutting, while maintaining shear density, and must not crack or crumble.
- The material must be durable. This includes saving money, time and effort. You will not have problems with the cladding if it lasts for several decades and does not lose its original appearance.
If the frame house is located in middle lane, where there is severe frost in winter and heat in summer, it needs to be sheathed on the outside with very high quality.
Oriented strand boards (OSB or OSB) consist of layers of laminated wood chips and wood chips. In the layers on the outside, the fibers are located longitudinally, and on the inside – transversely. Wax and resin are used to glue chips together. They give the material water-repellent properties. Let's pay attention to the OSB-3 marking. This is a moisture-resistant slab of increased rigidity, mounted both inside and outside the building. The material is easy to sand, drill, cut, and holds nails. The disadvantages of the slabs include low vapor permeability and flammability.
OSB boards can be used for both interior and exterior decoration
Cement particle boards (CPB) are a compressed mass consisting of softwood shavings and M500 cement. The slab contains hydration additives. Its advantages:
- moisture resistance;
- high strength;
- long service life;
- environmental friendliness;
- not damaged by rodents and insects;
- retains heat well.
Flaws:
- difficult to process;
- heavy weight;
- When drilling or cutting, it generates fine dust - it is necessary to work in a respirator.
The material is ideal as a base for finishing finishes - paint, plaster and other compounds, the application of which requires a perfectly flat and smooth surface. The approximate service life without loss of characteristics is 50 freezing cycles.
Cement-bonded particle boards are excellent for finishing cladding, which requires perfectly smooth walls
Fiberboard consists of compressed softwood shavings. Fiberboard is an environmentally friendly material, because... made without the use of glue. Maximum density is achieved thanks to the pressing method under high heat. The natural resin contained inside is a natural antiseptic and protects against mold. The strength of the boards is inferior to OSB, but superior to them in sound and thermal insulation properties. If the house is frame, then this finishing option is one of the best.
Isoplat or Beltermo brands with a thickness of 25 mm or more will suit you. The slabs are easy to install, lightweight, do not crumble or delaminate, and are resistant to moisture. Fiberboards are mounted on rigid sheathing; spacer jibs will be needed in the frame.
It is a pressed gypsum reinforced with cellulose fibers. It is suitable for both external decoration and the role of a load-bearing surface. It is attached to the supporting posts with self-tapping screws, is easy to drill, and is convenient to install, despite its heavy weight. It is convenient to apply decorative plaster or lay tiles on GVL. Its disadvantages are heavy weight and lack of ductility, fragility when bending. And the advantages of sheets are that they:
- durable;
- vapor permeable and waterproof;
- environmentally friendly;
- fireproof;
- isolate from noise and retain heat;
- inexpensive.
The cheapest way to finish the façade plywood sheets Moreover, they are easy to install
Plywood is the cheapest option for facade finishing, which is why it is widespread in. This thin sheets veneers glued together. Raw materials - birch or conifers. The material does not have outstanding strength characteristics. To increase resistance to deformation, it is laid relative to the location of the fibers perpendicular to each other. For external cladding The FSF brand is used, the sheet thickness is 10 mm. With appropriate processing, plywood can be non-flammable and frost-resistant, and easy to install. During improper transportation, chips or cracks may form - carefully check the delivered material.
Finish cladding – vinyl and metal siding
This material consists of 80% polyvinyl chloride. When choosing vinyl, pay attention to this component. If there is less PVC in the composition, this will negatively affect its performance characteristics. The panels are widely used for finishing cottages, garages, and administrative buildings. They do not burn, do not rot, and have an aesthetic appearance. PVC has its own color, so it does not need to be painted periodically. Siding is easily installed on a frame house, lasts a long time, and is available in a variety of colors. The only negative is that the panels are deformed under the influence of high temperatures, so when fastening them it is necessary to leave minor gaps. The sheathing is attached to a special sheathing.
The metal option is cheaper than vinyl. It is stronger and does not deform when temperatures change. When installing metal siding, it is necessary to create a ventilation gap, because this material easily heats up in the sun and does not allow air to pass through. When working with it you need to be careful to avoid scratches on the painted surface. Choose quality material, otherwise it will quickly rust.
A modern version of siding material is fiber cement. Its price is higher than the price of the two previous options, but it is more reliable and durable. It feels like ceramics to the touch, the painted layer does not scratch and does not fade over time, because well fixed to the surface. Almost does not fade. The high price is perhaps the only disadvantage of fiber cement siding. Mounted on special fittings. A house covered with this material looks very beautiful and stylish. In addition to a wide range of colors, there are imitations different breeds tree.
Brick and facade board - an all-time classic
Natural brick block is a material that is traditional in the field of cladding frame houses. Brick is durable, retains heat well and does not allow cold to pass through, durable. Given that competent masonry the finish looks attractive, it does not need to be painted or treated with special compounds against moisture, fire or mold. During work, it is necessary to leave a gap between the surface of the building and the brickwork. Otherwise, condensation will accumulate inside.
In order to lay a brick beautifully and correctly, skill is required. This finishing option has an average cost. Another disadvantage is that there is no opportunity to choose an interesting color or texture, as is the case with siding, clinker tiles or artificial stone. If you like eco-friendly, natural materials and if you want to save money, choose a façade board that imitates timber. The material has two sides. The planed part is attached to the wall, and the polished part is on the outside. The board is sanded so that the paint is better absorbed into it. There is already painted material on the market - all you have to do is choose the desired color.
Before decorating a house, read carefully the descriptions of materials that are popular today, take time to visit a store where there is a large selection for builders. "Live" acquaintance with different options will help you choose what's best for you!
A huge selection of finishing materials can confuse rather than really help an inexperienced developer solve a problem with exterior finishing. In this article, we will figure out what important parameters the exterior finishing of a frame house must meet, and we will analyze the materials.
General requirements - decide on the main ones
The main task of the outer cladding of a frame house is to protect the entire structure from getting wet and other atmospheric phenomena. The sheathing takes on light mechanical damage and also protects the insulation layer from moisture and direct contact. sun rays, which is especially important for polystyrene foam. Therefore, the material for exterior finishing must meet a number of mandatory requirements:
- resistance to atmospheric and weather conditions (wetting, heating, freezing, icing, hail);
- increased strength - the finish should easily withstand mechanical damage that can be caused by hail, wind, and tree branches;
- ability to withstand the effects of ultraviolet radiation.
When constructing a frame house, the customer can choose almost any method of exterior finishing of the building and basement. This choice depends on several factors:
- budget;
- climate of the region;
- material chosen for insulating the frame.
Everything is clear with the budget - the more money, the more opportunities. However, expensive external finishing of a frame house is not a panacea for problems. On the contrary, sometimes there are even more worries. For example, finishing (imitation log wood) promises a beautiful appearance, but the material must be processed every few years paint and varnish compositions and antiseptics so that the wood retains its strength and beauty. At the same time, a block house costs more than lining or vinyl siding.
The climate of the region determines, first of all, what type of finish you choose. For example, if you live in a damp and rainy area, choosing wooden materials– not the best, since you will constantly be fighting rot. In extremely cold climates, it is better to avoid metal siding - metal conducts heat too well, while wood has a fairly low thermal conductivity coefficient.
If you choose to insulate the frame mineral wool, you will no longer be able to use plaster for finishing, unless you put plywood or OSB boards, which will increase the expenditure part. In the case of mineral wool, it is much easier to use lining, siding, or block house. But if you choose expanded polystyrene (foam plastic), then you can fully plaster the walls, because the plaster can be applied directly to the foam sheets.
Advantages and disadvantages of materials - an overview of the best options
Having decided on the budget, climate and insulation material, it’s time to move on to choosing the finish itself. Most people associate frame houses with wood, hence the frequent choice of wood for finishing. In addition, one of the main arguments in favor of wood is the lightness of the material. However, it is not necessary to focus on this - if the house is built on good strip foundation, you can use a heavier finish.
Wooden materials suitable for exterior finishing are lining and block house. A block house, in turn, can imitate both timber and rounded logs. By the way, he does it very successfully - you can only understand what kind of material is in front of you by approaching the facade directly. Lining is more affordable, since the production of this material produces much less sawdust and shavings. The block house cannot boast of this quality.
To wood trim the facade of a frame house has served for many years, choose a material that is not too thin, which is sold after good drying. Another important point– finishing panels should be laid in a horizontal position, since in a vertical position they can become deformed over time.
Do not forget to renew the paint layer at least once every five years, and then this finish will serve you for many decades.
Metal siding can be installed both vertically and horizontally; working with it does not require special knowledge or training. Installation is carried out directly after laying the heat-insulating materials, on metal or wooden sheathing. The undoubted advantage of the material is a huge selection of colors, patterns and combinations, as well as high strength. It also has disadvantages - high thermal conductivity and low sound insulation.
Vinyl siding or PVC panels are a popular and sought-after finishing material, which is characterized by low cost and for a long time operation. PVC siding from a reliable manufacturer will probably serve you for 50 years, it is not afraid of corrosion, and it is not afraid of aggressive substances. A huge range of colors will satisfy the most demanding buyer.
A big plus of vinyl is its lightness, which allows the material to be used for finishing buildings whose foundations are not designed for heavy loads. In addition, you get a ventilated facade, which eliminates the appearance of condensation on the thermal insulation and wooden elements frame. This material is not at all of interest to insect pests. As for fire safety, polyvinyl chloride does not support combustion. If there is no open source of fire nearby, the melted panels will quickly die out.
Builders love it for its simplicity and ease of installation; customers give preference to the panels, since this deprives them of the unnecessary hassle of caring for the facade. It can be washed with plain water from a hose or used soap solutions. What PVC siding can be reproached for is its unnaturalness - supporters of environmentally friendly materials often and unreasonably accuse the material of releasing toxic substances into the air when heated and burning.
However, this statement is quite far from the truth - only panels made from recycled materials can be harmful. They are distinguished by their low cost and short service life. Externally, low-quality panels can be distinguished by the yellow color of the rough side. Polyvinyl chloride, made from virgin raw materials, has exclusively White color.
Heavy but durable - alternative finishes
Builders and customers are much less likely to give preference to these finishing materials, which to some extent becomes their advantage - frame houses look more original, they become similar to heavy structures made of stone and brick. First place on the list alternative options finishing we will deservedly give to natural stone - this finishing material was used back in the era of the construction of aristocratic castles.
The stone is highly durable, but durability is not worth talking about. Of course, facing stone has a lot of weight and thickness, it is not as convenient to use as fitted and identical siding, it has a high cost and quite limited color scheme. However, it is not at all necessary to use it to decorate the entire house - often natural stone serves as an addition to plastering; it is used to decorate the base or window area.
Artificial stone is a more affordable and easy-to-work material. Differs from the previous version in a larger selection color solutions and also lighter weight. Artificial stone improves the thermal insulation of a house; even a novice builder can work with it. However, exterior decoration building a frame house with stone, even if artificial, creates too much load on the foundation and walls, so the load-bearing capacity of the foundation should be carefully calculated.
Decorative plasters are more popular - this type of finishing has many application technologies and a wide range of colors. Plaster is often used when foam is used as insulation - it can be applied directly to polystyrene foam. With their help, you can hide small irregularities or defects; their price is quite affordable for every construction budget.
Marble chips - modern version plaster. The crumbs are mixed with silicone and acrylic, due to which the finish acquires excellent protective qualities and is not afraid of frost and moisture. Marble chips create a unique texture for the facade; in addition, it allows the walls to “breathe”. The material is fire-resistant and retains heat well. Its significant drawback is its high cost.
Facade tiles and bricks are elite materials for finishing frame houses. They are distinguished by their aesthetic appearance, create additional heat and sound insulation and last an unusually long time - with correct installation Repair of the facade will be needed no earlier than in a good hundred years. Working with them is quite simple, but such finishing is very expensive.
It’s good because it leaves a huge scope for choosing the finishing of the facade. The house can be given the appearance of a stone castle, a wooden log house or a half-timbered building... Choose any finish to your taste, and we will tell you what options there are.
What do we take as a basis?
What is a frame house without finishing? In the very economical option wooden racks covered on the outside with a supediffusion membrane. This is a film with micropores that does not get wet from the outside, but allows water vapor to escape from the inside (therefore, it is important not to confuse which side to mount it on the wall). The membrane protects the insulation from getting wet and from being blown by the wind.
Some facade materials can be attached directly to the membrane. For example, vinyl siding. However, in practice, only self-builders with very limited funds do this. Construction companies, as a rule, hand over to the customer a house with a ventilated facade made of OSB. To do this, nail them to the frame posts on top of the membrane. wooden slats, and OSB sheets are attached to the slats (OSB or OSB is a board made of wood chips and adhesive resin).
What does such cladding provide?
— the rigidity and strength of the wall increases;
- increased wind protection;
— a ventilated gap is created in which the membrane works better in the steam release mode. The secret is that between the membrane and the OSB sheathing there is a constant upward draft of air. Hence the name - ventilated facade.
— the vandal resistance of the building under construction increases. Whatever one may say, OSB is no longer a film that can be cut with a knife.
In this regard, an unwritten standard has developed: the facade of a frame house without finishing is OSB cladding. How long can a house stand like this? If the roof overhangs are wide and the OSB does not get wet, then the sheathing will last for several years without visible changes. If the slab is regularly moistened, then after a year you will notice that its structure becomes looser. Moreover, OSB from different manufacturers differs in water resistance.
The developer should also pay attention to the markings of the slabs. OSB-1 and OSB-2 are intended for use in dry rooms. OSB-3 is the most popular in frame housing construction. OSB-4 is the most waterproof boards; they are used as formwork for concrete. OSB boards usually have markings that indicate which side should be the bottom (reverse).
So, within a few months, the ventilated OSB façade should be closed finishing. If this cannot be done, then the OSB must be protected from atmospheric agents. To do this, we buy the most inexpensive construction waterproofing film and cover the walls with it. The film is easily attached with a stapler. We make overlaps between the panels so that rainwater did not flow under the film. Such temporary protection will allow you to wait out the year. There will be enough time to decide on the choice of finishing material.
What does the market offer?
Vinyl siding
Many developers say that siding is already boring and immediately reject this option. But then some still return to it. Because other materials are far from siding in terms of performance characteristics.
Strengths of vinyl:
— Durability. Modern siding easily tolerates heat and cold. This is an almost indestructible facade material.
— Easy to care for. Siding is easy to clean using a mini-wash or just a stream of water from garden hose. Only in the most severe cases will you need a brush. Drops of roofing mastic or fresh paint can be removed from siding without consequences.
— Easy installation. Vinyl slats are attached to OSB sheathing with self-tapping screws. There is no need to install a load-bearing frame, as on stone buildings. That's why installation work will be completed faster and will cost significantly less.
— A complete set of all elements for wall decoration: internal and external, drainage strips, gable trim, window slopes, etc.
There are also weak sides, but you can work on them.
— Siding is a very popular material, and the house looks unoriginal. You can use it in combination with other options. Buy rare species custom-made finishes, and not the most popular ones on the construction market. Try combining horizontal siding with vertical siding.
— Siding dark colors Sometimes burns out in the sun. Use light and pastel colors.
— Vinyl is destroyed by exhaust gases. Do not decorate actively used garages and house facades on busy streets with it.
— The siding looks great from a distance, but after contact it feels flimsy to the touch. You should not decorate the wall area near the front door, porch or veranda with siding. Here it is better to use wood or clinker tiles.
You can read more about the types of vinyl siding and installation features.
Wood paneling
For wood paneling Three types of lumber are used:
clapboard;
block house, which imitates a log house;
imitation timber.
The price depends on the massiveness of the material. A block house can have a thickness from 20 to 60 mm, imitation timber - from 15 to 45. Standard thickness eurolining - 12.5 mm.
The price is also affected by the type and type of wood. Larch costs several times more than pine. But the biggest misunderstandings arise with the variety. For the facade it is better to use the variety A. In wood varieties B too many knots and other defects. It is only suitable for decoration utility rooms. But manufacturers came up with a clever trick - to sell AB grade material. This means that in a pack of 10 blanks, three or four will have a terrifying appearance. So, for high-quality finishing of the house, you will have to buy 30-40 percent more material, and use the rejected blanks in some barn.
You can read about installing a wooden facade with your own hands in ours.
Appearance and the durability of wooden cladding depend not only on the quality of the wood, but also on the construction chemicals used. To protect against fungi and insects, colorless salt antiseptics are used. They contain boron salts, a common preservative. Borates also reduce the flammability of wood.
To protect it from rain and sun, water-based “breathable” compounds are used.
It can be acrylic paints or glazing impregnations. Paint completely hides the wood texture, while impregnation, on the contrary, highlights and emphasizes it.
Advocates of environmentally friendly solutions use wooden facades linseed oil. There are drugs on sale based on natural oil with various improving additives, but their use greatly increases the cost of finishing.
The use of imitation timber and impregnations of different colors gives enormous freedom for creativity. Sheathing elements can be placed horizontally and vertically. Several shades of impregnation will create a picturesque variety of colors.
Vertical cladding and gray colors suit the high-tech style.
Dark siding with bright contrasting elements are the hallmarks of a traditional home.
By the way, keep in mind that wooden facade you need to use fasteners made of stainless materials.
Finishing with decorative plaster
With the help of plaster, the frame can be stylized as or given the appearance of a heavy mansion in a classic style.
Half-timbered finishing is also one of the most budget options. At the same time, boards are attached to the facade, which imitate elements of a half-timbered frame. And the area between the boards is covered with decorative plaster, we talked about it recently.
Please note that OSB sheathing has seams: all of them must be covered with wood trim. Decorative plaster It should not be applied to seams, otherwise it will crack in this area. Acrylic pebble plaster is well suited for exterior finishing of OSB.
To get a monolithic layer of plaster on the frame, you need to use technology.
In short, you will have to build a “pie” like this:
1. A layer of foam plastic is attached to the OSB sheathing; it plays the role of an elastic damper.
2. A base layer is created on the foam plastic from special glue and reinforcing mesh.
3. Decorative plaster is applied to the base layer.
Peculiarity " wet facade"is that polystyrene foam can be used to make a variety of decorative elements, unthinkable on a frame house.
The disadvantages of the “wet facade” include high cost and a number of technological limitations. Work cannot be performed at temperatures above 30 degrees and below 12 degrees, under direct sun, in strong winds; experienced workers and proven materials are needed.
Tiling
To finish a frame house, you can use clinker tiles that imitate brick, or lightweight concrete tiles that look like a natural stone. How to fix them on chipboards? Some adhesive manufacturers claim that their products will cope with this task. It makes no sense to deny scientific progress; perhaps, indeed, such super-glues have appeared.
But here we will describe time-tested technology.
Facade foam plastic is attached to the OSB base and a base layer is created on it, as for a “wet facade”. You can glue tiles onto such a base using regular façade tile adhesive. It is important that the tiles are not too heavy - no more than 45 kg/m2.
It is hardly worth finishing the entire facade in this way. But this great option for registration window slopes and areas around the front door. Polystyrene foam will serve as additional insulation.
Wall panels and fiber cement siding
On sale you can find several types of wall panels that are attached to the base with self-tapping screws. Such panels usually imitate stone or brickwork.
One option - plastic panels, the so-called basement siding. They are lightweight and securely mounted on OSB. But their design was developed primarily for the design of the base. Houses completely covered with such panels do not always look harmonious.
A more “heavy” option - fiber cement siding. The slats are made of lightweight concrete with organic filler and measure approximately 20x300 centimeters. The pattern usually imitates wood. This is a strong and durable material. Each siding board is attached to the wall with self-tapping screws, overlapping the bottom one, similar to tiles. But unlike tiles, the adjacent lamellas in a horizontal row do not have a lock; a seam remains. It is sealed with a special mastic. The places where the lamellas are cut are tinted with paint. Working with mastic and paint requires great care, so it is better to calculate the location of the lamellas on the facade in such a way as to reduce the number of cuts and seams to a minimum.
Large manufacturers of fiber cement siding offer all the necessary accessories and Supplies: starting and corner profiles, mastic, paint.
Fiber cement panels differ from siding in size and proportions. These are no longer elongated “boards”, but sheets like plasterboard or OSB. And they are attached to the facade not overlapping, but in one plane, with a gap between the edges. Large sheets can change linear dimensions due to changes in temperature and humidity. To compensate for these, manufacturers have developed special fastening procedures, which are detailed in the instructions. We would like to note that it is more practical for a private developer to use panels with dimensions of no more than 1200 mm on the larger side. They don’t “walk” that much, so they can simply be screwed to the base with self-tapping screws.
What should you pay attention to?
Some panels have a glossy surface, which give the house a high-tech style. It is necessary that other the elements of the façade were in harmony with them. For example, ordinary metal Entrance door, is unlikely to be appropriate. You will need glass.
In the visual perception of the facade, they play an important role seams between the panels: they must be even, and their color must be carefully selected.
You should buy special self-tapping screws with caps in the color of the panel.
Be prepared for passers-by to mistake your home for an office or library .
Concrete Wall panels
- This concrete tiles with steel brackets for self-tapping screws. Usually they imitate stone, sometimes brick. There is no single technology here. Each manufacturer boasts of its know-how. Some use metal mesh to reinforce the structure, others use fiberglass. Some offer a set of colors, others suggest using façade paint to suit your taste.
What to consider when choosing?
— The panel should be as large as possible easy And durable.
— The kit should contain a variety of elements For registration external and internal (if necessary) corners, window slopes, etc.
— If the panel imitates natural stone, then you will need as much as possible more texture types. If there are only 1-2 types of texture, then on a large facade the panels will be often repeated, creating inappropriate symmetry. When you look at the house it will seem like you are playing computer game with bad graphics.
- Very good, if the length of the facade is a multiple of the panel dimensions(including corner elements). If the panels have to be cut frequently, it will be very difficult to obtain a neat façade as a result.
Many of the materials listed above can be combined. We'll tell you about this next time!
I wish you success!
