Decorative panels made of aluminum. Aluminum facades. Limitations of the scope of aluminum composite panels

Any building needs finishing of external walls. One of the most modern and practical solutions to this problem is to install aluminum panels on the facade. This is a multilayer material consisting of thin metal plates and filler.

Aluminum panels are used in the design of industrial and public buildings, and sometimes private houses. This type of cladding has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Let's talk more about what aluminum wall panels, also called composite, are. The upper and lower parts of the material are aluminum sheets with a thickness of 0.21-0.45 mm, between them there is a mineral or polymer filler.

The total thickness of the panel usually does not exceed 6 mm, the width is 1.6 m, and the length is 6 m. The material is often made to order, taking into account architectural features building. There are special holes on the inside of the panel to remove excess moisture.

The front layer of aluminum can be coated with a special oxide film. It protects the metal surface from mechanical damage and impact environment. The film can be transparent or decorative, giving the material various shades - bronze, turquoise, silver, etc. It is also possible to create an effect mirror surface, imitation wood or stone. More information about the properties of aluminum wall panels?

Varieties

Depending on the type of topcoat and application various fillers The properties of the material and its ability to withstand external influences depend. These characteristics determine the scope of application of the coating.

The following types of aluminum panels are distinguished:

• façade;
• universal - suitable for interior and exterior walls, design of billboards, shop windows, etc.;
• fire-resistant - can be used in facilities with a high fire hazard, for example, gas stations.

Selection and Application

When purchasing aluminum panels for a facade, it is better to purchase products that come with a profile and fasteners. Otherwise, unsuitable fasteners can lead to deformation of the finished coating and a decrease in its strength.

For facade decoration it is usually enough standard material. Panels of greater thickness are necessary only for buildings located in areas with frequent precipitation and increased wind loads. They are made to order.

As already mentioned, aluminum panels are a universal material that has found its application in various fields. They are used for cladding the internal and external walls of shopping centers, small free-standing buildings (car washes, gas stations, pavilions, technical premises), for creating advertising boards and various stands. Sometimes aluminum panels are used in cottage construction, this is especially true if you plan to decorate a house in a high-tech style. Read more about characteristic features hi-tech style?

Specifications

Despite the presence of metal, the weight of the panels is relatively small - about 3-7 kg/m? depending on thickness. This allows you to use the material on almost any walls; in most cases, you can do without strengthening the foundation.

The warranty service life starts from 25 years, like Alucobond facade panels, and can reach 50 years. The material can withstand temperatures from -60 to +120° C (the range depends on the properties of the filler), sound absorption is within 20-30 dB.

The sheets have good elasticity and can be bent at an angle of 180 degrees. This allows you to clad facades of complex shapes, design arches, and make smooth curves.

Installation features

Most often, aluminum panels are used to construct a ventilated façade. Work can be carried out at any time of the year. More information about the design of a ventilated aluminum facade?

Due to its plasticity, the material is easy to install, but to obtain high-quality coating, you need to adhere to a number of rules:

• Use a router or jigsaw to cut the panels, securing the sheet to a clamp. When fixing, it is necessary to use rubber gaskets.
• The frame is made vertical. It is constructed from the supplied parts; the pitch between the profiles is determined based on the weight of the material.
• Fasteners are used only from stainless steel.
• It is mandatory to carry out a geodetic survey of the building before starting installation. According to her data, brackets for the frame are installed.

After installing the guides, additional thermal insulation of the walls is carried out with suitable slab insulation. A moisture- and windproof film is placed on top of it.

Next, the installation of aluminum panels is carried out. They can be mounted in a hidden, open or hinged way. Work begins from the bottom up. In the first case, the panel is fixed to the racks with screws, the upper edge of one sheet is connected to the lower edge of the next one using a groove.

In the second option, the panels are applied with a slight overlap and secured with screws. At hinged way During installation, the sheets of material are secured with bolts; at the joints of the sheets there are rubber gaskets. The latter option is preferable because it simplifies replacement individual elements when repairing the coating.

Advantages and disadvantages

Aluminum facade panels are in demand due to their stylish appearance, which corresponds to modern architectural trends. In addition to this, the material has outstanding technical characteristics.

Among the main advantages of aluminum panels are:

• long service life (up to 50 years);
• high class of fire safety;
• flexibility and plasticity;
• versatility;
• ability to absorb noise;
• resistance to corrosion, moisture and temperature changes;
• UV resistance, allowing the material to retain its original appearance for a long time;
• easy cleaning with water;
• many color options;
• moderate weight of material.

In contrast to the positive properties, there are several disadvantages, namely:

• The outer surface of the material is unstable to mechanical damage, especially in the absence of additional protective coating. Aluminum panels are easily scratched, which affects their decorative properties. For this reason, the material is not suitable for finishing areas where increased resistance to damage is required, for example, the basement of a building.
• The cost of such panels is quite high, which is understandable, since they are highly durable and belong to the elite finishing materials.

Aluminum panels for the facade open up space for various design solutions. They meet all the requirements for modern finishing materials and are an excellent choice for those who want to make their home more stylish. When purchasing high-quality aluminum panels and having them professionally installed, owners can be sure that the walls of the building are reliably protected and will retain a presentable appearance for many years.

Useful video about the technology of installing aluminum facade panels

The use of aluminum for exterior finish building facades has long become commonplace. In addition to durability, neatness and respectable appearance, exterior finishing with hanging aluminum systems is perfectly combined with ventilated facade technology. With increasing energy saving requirements for buildings of all classes, ventilated facades are gaining increasing popularity.

Types of aluminum facade panels

Depending on the architectural design, height of the building, fire resistance class of the structure, the most suitable type of aluminum panels for the facade is selected.

The design and installation of aluminum exterior trim is regulated by building regulations. An individual project is developed for each facade based on the geometric parameters of the building.

According to the method of production and application, there are several types of aluminum panels and cassettes:

• Aluminum composite panels or cassettes made of a three-layer sheet, made of two layers of aluminum with a layer of plastic between them, with a thickness of 2.5 mm to 6 mm;
• Aluminum panels without a plastic layer made from a solid aluminum sheet, thickness from 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm: flat or volumetric aluminum cassettes;
• Perforated aluminum panels on the facade;
• Aluminum ceiling panels;
• Aluminum honeycomb panels for sound insulation;
• Aluminum panels for advertising structures and signs.

The last three types of panels are not façade, so we will not dwell on them in the article.

Regardless of the type of cassettes or facade panels, their production requires special equipment, including CNC machines.

Application of aluminum panels

Aluminum facade panels fit seamlessly into a modern, dynamic architectural style with laconic details. This finishing is perfect for buildings of shopping malls, car centers, entertainment and entertainment centers, as well as business centers, and even industrial buildings.

Wall aluminum panels are most often used for the device internal partitions or cladding, their use as external facade decoration or as independent enclosing structures is unnecessarily expensive. This niche is almost completely occupied by wall sandwich panels with an outer layer of steel.

Limitations of the scope of aluminum composite panels

The limitation in application is the destructive effect of wind loads and fire safety requirements, in particular during the construction of structures of class F1.1 and F1.2 according to functional fire danger. These include:

• Preschool educational organizations;
• Specialized homes for the elderly and disabled (not apartments);
• Hospitals;
• Dormitory buildings of educational organizations with the presence of a boarding school and children's organizations.

When installing ventilated facades, the issue is considered comprehensively; the use of basalt insulation in the project prevents the spread of fire.

The Federal Law “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” prohibits the use of aluminum panels for explosion and fire hazardous structures of class A, B, in particular for gas stations.

Exceptional features of using perforated cassettes: media façade

Perforated cassettes on the facade are a new architectural trend that is gaining momentum high speed, actively using the effect of light and shade and surface exposure to light. The effect of volumetric media facades is achieved by multi-level and multi-planar ice lighting. The contrast of perforation without lighting against the background of blank concrete walls is also interesting.

Perforated facades are also found in sports facilities. Some stadiums in Russia have decor on the facade - perforations in the form of a running man or other athletes.

Aluminum panel decors

The composite sheet has durable external painting in bright, saturated, or vice versa, soft pastel colors.

The most common panels for aluminum facades are light gray silver in color and have a metallic sheen. This color is produced by most Russian, European and Asian manufacturers. Due to the fact that the outer aluminum sheet is painted before thermal bonding of all layers, in order to order a different shade, you must consult the manufacturer's color catalog. Non-standard painting is also possible if you plan to order a large (usually over 500 sq. m.) amount of material. Color catalogs from different manufacturers differ in the degree of gloss and shades; you should order the entire volume from one supplier. The type of surface depends on the method of applying the finishing layer:

• Single-color painting is carried out on the basis of PVDF and PE-polymer structure based on polyester varnish. This coating contains synthetic fluorocarbon or fluorocarbon resins of increased strength;
• For the “mirror metallic” effect, an additional layer of oxide film is used;
• Metallized surfaces are achieved using the electrochemical anodizing method; such a surface is often used in interior decoration to create mirror-like “silver” and “gold” surfaces.

The exterior finishing of aluminum panels in the form of brushing looks impressive; small scratches on a dull gray background create the illusion of stainless steel.

Composite aluminum sheet for facade panels can have outer surface imitating:

• Valuable wood species;
• Polished granite or marble;
• Fantasy non-geometric ornament.

Depending on the difference in the application of the external coating, its service life varies:

• Polymeric PVDF and PE painting - 20-25 years;
• Chemical anodizing - 15-20 years;
• Decors with imitation stone or wood - 15-20 years.

During this period, the surface of the facade aluminum panels is guaranteed not to fade or change color. The paintwork will last longer, but may slightly lose the brightness of its shades.

Production of aluminum panels

The production of facade panels from solid or composite sheets is based on the use of aluminum construction alloy.

How is aluminum sheet produced?

Aluminum building sheet is produced by hot and cold rolling followed by annealing. For manufacturing, an alloy with a high content of manganese AMg6 is used. This provides the necessary rigidity to the finished product.

Depending on the final decor, a galvanic coating up to 14 microns thick is applied to the sheet using the electrochemical method, followed by powder painting and a paint layer. In order to preserve the visible structure of the metal, the anodized layer is applied with a thickness of up to 40-60 microns, followed by protection with a special varnish.

The painted sheet is supplied in separate sheets, usually 1500X2500, 3000 mm. The aluminum composite sheet has more efficient dimensions, 1200, 1250 x 6500 mm, which minimizes waste during cutting. The exception is Chinese material, which is delivered by sea; its dimensions are limited to the dimensions of a sea container.

Composite aluminum sheet consists of two aluminum alloy plates with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm with a thermally bonded and pressed plastic layer between them. The front surface is painted before the plates are connected to each other and is protected for ease of transportation with a protective PVC film, often with the manufacturer's logo. The film is not removed even when cutting the sheet; already finished products are released from it.

Often, with an abundance of the same sizes in production conditions, only cutting blanks is performed, so it is more convenient to take out the cassettes for installation, and final assembly into a box with edge trims is carried out directly at the facility, where a mini-production site is equipped for these purposes.

Stages of production of aluminum cassettes

The production of aluminum cassettes begins with counting required quantity material for the implementation of a specific project. To do this, the area of ​​​​all facades is calculated, excluding the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwindow and doorways. When assessing the required amount of aluminum sheet, it is taken into account that the cladding with cassettes lags behind the surface of the facade by at least 100 mm. The size of the flanges and the cutting of the sheet are also taken into account.

The aluminum facade has several functions, in addition to decorative ones: decorative and protective, and insulation, ventilation. Not only presentable, but also very technologically advanced, they are gradually replacing the typical urban dullness and serve as an integral feature of modern urban planning, forming a completely new type of municipal architecture.

System design

Fastening methods

Ventilated systems are expected to provide decent aesthetics and serve as a reliable barrier to external factors, so fastener systems must have a margin of strength and corrosion resistance. For fixation, visible and hidden types of fastenings are used, the latter of which are somewhat more expensive and more presentable.

• Visible fastenings . Once installed, the panels remain visible. These include rivets, clamps, self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket. The raw material for the manufacture of clamps is stainless steel. They are matched to the color of the cladding or additionally painted. Rivets are practical for installing lightweight materials; they are made of aluminum or alloy steel and are installed according to markings. Stainless steel screws are used for high wind loads. They are also color matched.
• Hidden fastenings . They often involve the use of additional elements: strips, collet anchors, anchor dowels, hidden clamps, etc. The fastening itself can be done by adhesive, mechanical or a combination. Fasteners are installed on the end of the panels or on inner side. Used for installation composite panels. Closed mounting methods include installation "through the lock". When using insulation boards, they are fixed to the walls with wide-brimmed dowels with a plastic, glass-nylon or metal rod.

Types of brackets

Performing a load-bearing function, the brackets are under constant static load. During periods of strong winds, they also have to cope with multidirectional dynamic loads. That is why the strength of the facade is directly dependent on the correct assembly and installation of the brackets on the wall. The material for their manufacture is aluminum or galvanized steel.

The bracket consists of fixed and moving parts. A gasket is installed under the fixed part to prevent the formation of a temperature bridge, and a profile is attached to the moving part connected to the fixed part with a bolt. The length of the bracket is selected depending on the curvature of the walls and the thickness of the insulation layer. Long brackets require the use of reinforcement elements such as washers to increase rigidity.

When static loads are high and continuous, special brackets with a high stiffener are recommended for installation, which provides increased load-bearing capacity, and for low loads, less expensive support brackets can be used along with load-bearing hangers.

Aluminum alloy profiles

Profiles are among the basic elements of most composite systems and, along with brackets, form a supporting frame that serves to level the plane, create an air gap and fix the cladding. A profile with a wall thickness of 1.2-2 mm is considered reliable. There is a 0.9 mm profile, but its use is justified only when it is subject to minimal loads.

To avoid corrosion in places of cuts and drillings, where the integrity of the zinc layer steel profiles is violated, it is recommended to treat the exposed area with a protective compound.

• L-shaped - is one of the main types of profiles for creating sheathing of vertical and horizontal systems. It is attached to brackets and transfers the load to them. When installing panels, it performs a guiding function. Independent use without vertical profiles is possible.
• Z-shaped - suitable for designing internal and external corners and junctions. Indispensable for decorating balconies, door and window openings. The narrow edge is installed on a horizontally lying profile.
• Hat - the most common base-forming vertical profile, mounted on brackets. The cross-sectional shape resembles a hat with a wide brim.
• U-shaped - a type of hat profile for vertical-horizontal systems. Installed on a U-shaped bracket or on stainless steel rivets 4x8-10 mm on top of a horizontal profile. Used for fixing clasps, etc.
• T-shaped - additional fastening profile for assembling subsystems.
• C-shaped - an auxiliary type of fastening guide profile, used in individual subsystems.

Thermal insulating boards

The installation of a ventilated façade involves unhindered air circulation from inside the room to the outside and from the outside to the inside. Also, the heat insulator must allow steam to pass at a rate of at least 1 l/m 2 . In view of this, the use of polystyrene and foam plastic for arranging a ventilated façade looks doubtful. Due to the fact that the insulation must fit as tightly as possible to the wall and not deform under its own weight, insulation roll materials can also create difficulties. If glass wool is used, there is a possibility of it becoming waterlogged and subsequently sagging, which will lead to a disruption of heat transfer and blocking of the air gap.

Most suitable means The insulation of ventilated facades is mineral wool made of stone fiber, produced in slabs, since the air flow in the system must be free; phenols and formaldehydes are not allowed in the “breathable” insulation. Mineral wool is laid in one or two layers, sealing all the cracks, especially where the brackets exit. Single-layer insulation requires a slab density of at least 80 kg/m 3 . When insulating in two layers, you should pay attention to the overlap of the joints of the inner layer slabs with the outer slabs.

The choice of method of fastening the slabs may be influenced by the height of the structure. If it does not exceed 8 m, then glue can be used to fix them. When the subsystem is higher, the slabs are fastened with dowels with driven rods.

Protective membrane fabric

Insulation installed on a load-bearing wall requires protection from water and wind, for which it is protected with a vapor-permeable membrane that prevents the penetration of moisture from the outside, but does not interfere with its free evaporation from the slab itself and the wall. Thus, moisture is passed in only one direction, which eliminates oversaturation of the heat insulator and deterioration of its properties.

A moisture-proof membrane is necessary to extend the life of the system as a whole, since by removing water metal constructions less susceptible to rust.

The use of a vapor-permeable membrane is not necessary only when slabs with a high level of hydrophobization are used for thermal insulation. In other cases, a membrane must be used, which must be chemically inert and environmentally safe.

Air gap

• The size of the gap in the ventilation façade is not chosen randomly, but must correspond to the calculated standards, taking into account the heat transfer resistance, the temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the system and the density of heat penetration through the system. When determining it, you should be guided by SNiP 11-3-79 with amendment No. 3.
• The type of building and its location also affect the size of the gap. Although a significant air gap can compensate for the curvature of the walls, one should not forget that technological extremes in the choice of air gap will certainly affect the functionality of the ventilation facade.
• An excessively large gap can cause whistling and humming during strong winds blowing in one direction. This also happens when unreasonably long brackets or mineral wool with a density lower than recommended are used.
• The optimal average air gap is close to 25 mm.

Cladding materials

Composite boards

In addition to cladding, this material is used for interior decoration buildings for commercial and public use: stations, cinemas, car showrooms, shopping centers, medical institutions, etc. The thickness of the panels varies between 2-5 mm.

Composite panelscalled a multilayer structure based on sheets, which includes:

• anti-corrosion protection layer;
• primer layer to prevent rusting;
• first aluminum sheet;
• layer of polymer composition;
• second aluminum sheet;
• primer layer;
• paintwork;
• protective film.

Weight 1 m 2 composite panels in the range of 3-8 kg. The material does not belong to the group of heat insulating materials, but is created to increase the efficiency of heat transfer and balance the temperatures of the outer and inner layers. This is another reason why installing thermal insulation between the brackets frame system and the wall is a prerequisite for installation. Thanks to the inclusion of fire retardants in the structural layers, the panels have fire resistance, the degree of which is determined by the percentage of the substance that prevents fire. The length of the panels is from 244 cm to 5.8 m with a width of 120-155 cm.

Facade cassettes

Rectangular and square cassettes are made from sheet aluminum. They are characterized by inwardly curved edges and shelves for hidden installation on the frame. Dimensions are determined based on the conditions of a specific project. The production of such elements is possible only at a factory in a closed cycle. As a result of stamping, cassettes with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm are obtained.

Like panels, metal cassettes are suitable for exterior and interior decoration. They are often used to improve new and reconstructed industrial buildings, sports complexes, and retail facilities. They are distinguished by ideal geometry and a wide variety of colors. The presence of special additives in the polymer applied to aluminum provides protection from the destructive effects of UV rays. Cassette cladding is characterized by:

• durability;
• corrosion resistance;
• preservation of color in the sun;
• ease;
• environmental friendliness.

Composite cost

Note:
*Dowel in concrete, brick, stainless steel rivets
**The price is average, can vary from 0 to 350 rubles.

Advantages of panels

Facade coatings have dozens of advantages of varying significance. Here are just the main ones.

• High-quality waterproofing, eliminating contact of walls and insulation with moisture.
• Non-combustibility provided by fireproof fillers, which allows their use for arranging gas stations.
• Simple and infrequent maintenance, the essence of which is to use a water jet directed at the panels for washing.
• No load on the foundation due to low weight.
• Long-term color retention in open sun.
• Large range of options finishing and the ability to select colors.
• Changing the shape of the panel after additional processing.
• Installation at any time of the year.
• Resistant to cracking.
• Made to size.
• Payback within 5-6 years.
• Service life depending on climate is 30-50 years.
• Guaranteed use for 25 years.

Disadvantages of composite panels

The list of negative points is not so extensive and will help form a more objective idea of ​​the product being used.

• Panels classified as flammability class G4 are not permitted to be used in residential buildings, educational and medical facilities.
• Susceptible to scratches caused by sharp objects and cannot withstand powerful impacts.
• They require accurate calculations and compliance with technical standards.
• Limited use cases.
• Relatively high cost.

Technical properties

1. Moisture protection. The system is designed so that the dew point is located outside, due to which condensed moisture is directed into the drainage without reaching the insulation, much less the surface bearing walls.
2. Thermal insulation. Heating costs are reduced, the thickness of load-bearing walls of new buildings is reduced without increasing the load on the foundation.
3. Soundproofing. The composite system doubles sound insulation, blocking sounds over a wide frequency range.
4. Vapor diffusion. Excess steam generated in the room is easily removed through the wall and does not accumulate inside the walls and materials.
5. Compensation of thermal deformations. The ventilation facade installation scheme eliminates the occurrence of stresses caused by fluctuations in daily and seasonal temperatures.
6. Fire safety. Most of ventilation façade structures are made of materials that do not contribute to the spread of flame.

Important! With equal rigidity, the composite panel is 1.6 times lighter than sheet aluminum. In terms of soundproofing properties, panels made of composite materials are superior to metal ones, because The inner layer, consisting of resins, is less dense and effectively absorbs sound vibrations.

System design

IN general view The ventilation facade device looks like this.

• Fastening system. It forms a subsystem consisting of brackets, a thermal insulating gasket, different types load-bearing profiles, fastening elements.
• Insulation layer. Formed by mats of high-density mineral wool. A prerequisite for insulation is all-season vapor permeability.
• Moisture-proof membrane. It is attached on top of the insulation and protects it from the accumulation of precipitation, moisture from the air and somewhat slows down the air circulation in the system.
• Air gap. This is the calculated distance between the insulation and the facing panel. Provides normal thermoregulation and removal of water vapor to the outside.
• Finishing (front) finishing. A panel with a selected design, protected by primer and paint layers. In the end outer panel determines the external attractiveness of the building and its architectural forms.

Installation technologies

The composite system can be assembled at any time of the year. Installation should be carried out step by step in this sequence.

1. Applying markings for brackets. This requires determining and accurately observing the vertical distances between adjacent installation points of the brackets, which should not exceed 75-100 cm.
2. Installation of brackets. The horizontal spacing is determined by the geometry of the slabs to be mounted. A thermal insulating gasket is placed under the bracket, and an anchor bolt is used for fixation.
3. Profile installation. The first step is to install the starting profile, and then install the profile near the windows under ebbs and slopes.
4. Installation of insulation. Laying is carried out without gaps from the bottom up, based on the starting profile in a horizontal position. If necessary, the slabs are carefully trimmed. Plastic dowels are used to fix the insulation.
5. Membrane fastening. Laying the canvases is carried out with an overlap, after which they are glued. At this stage, it is possible to install additional dowels already through the membrane. This ensures its tight fit to the mats.
6. Installation of the supporting profile. Horizontal and vertical elements are used, screwed to the brackets. The final fastening is carried out only after the profile has been leveled with a deviation of no more than 2 mm per 10 m of length. The joined profile strips must be separated by a gap of up to 10 mm to compensate for thermal expansion.
7. Installation of cladding. Composite systems are fastened according to the type of subsystem in an open or hidden way using appropriate hardware. Installation starts from the bottom row, starting from the starting profile. Adjacent panels must be separated from each other by allowable gaps and thermal compensation seams.

To create a presentable appearance and increase the flow of customers, each company and shopping center tries to give the facade an original, stylish look. From modern materials Aluminum panels are most suitable for this purpose. They protect the walls of the building from wind and dampness. A variety of colors and 3D patterns allow you to combine and create a unique look that will attract visitors and create a company brand.

Composite panels made of aluminum and polymers

We simply call composite boards for wall cladding - aluminum panels, based on the outer material. In fact, the inner layer of polymers and mineral additives between thin sheets metal makes up more than half the thickness. The table shows examples of the most popular aluminum panels.

Composite panels are a multilayer structure made of adhesive compositions, decorative and facing materials.

1. Transparent matte or glossy protective film of the outer coating.
2. Varnish or paint applied to the primer on front side And primer varnish, usually anti-corrosion on the wall side.
3. Aluminum rolled sheet.
4. Smoothing primer layer.
5. Glue.
6. Pressed polyethylene with mineral and other additives.

Aluminum panels are easy to process. Therefore, in addition to painting, composite materials for walls are decorated by sanding, electroplating, minting. The finished panel can be bent. The minimum radius is determined by the thickness of the sheet, multiplied by 2. This makes it possible to finish facades with curved walls and round columns.

They don’t burn in fire, they’re not afraid of water, they live long

Aluminum wall panels

Among metals, aluminum stands out for its low specific gravity and resistance to moisture. When pure metal comes into contact with atmospheric oxygen, it becomes covered with a thin layer of oxide. This film is several microns - thousandths of a millimeter, has high hardness and completely protects aluminum from interaction with various substances. As a result, even short-term exposure to acids cannot damage aluminum.

Composite materials for aluminum walls have advantages over similar ones based on wood waste and polyvinyl chloride:

• do not burn or support combustion;
• do not emit harmful substances;
• waterproof;
• durable;
• abrasion resistant;
• lungs;
• easy to process and cut;
• decorated with thermal printing;
• suitable for finishing the facades of buildings of any configuration and height;
• service life more than 50 years without deformation.

A large selection of colors and patterns, the ability to combine, allow you to create unique finishes for walls, ceilings and facades.

Finishing of ventilated facades of high-rise buildings and public buildings

Aluminum does not allow air to pass through. Cladding is done only on ventilated facades. Composite boards protect walls from wind and noise, even if their thickness is 4 mm. Rain and sun will not be able to penetrate through the multilayer cladding material, and the facade will remain undamaged long time. This increases the time between repairs several times.

High strength and low weight have made aluminum composite boards an excellent material for finishing high-rise buildings. The sheet is simply attached to the wall with self-tapping screws and with the help of clamps and clips. You can simply nail it right through. In this case, expansion washers and gaskets are used to provide a ventilation gap between the wall and the slab.

Hinged façade structures are mounted on a special galvanized profile. This method allows the team to complete the cladding of a multi-story building in a few days. A private house With the walls level, I can do it in 10-12 hours with a helper.

Created for wall cladding, aluminum composite slabs, 6–8 mm thick, were liked by advertisers. Large billboards can be seen on the side of the road, near shopping center and inside the office. Some online stores are focused exclusively on clients creating outdoor advertising.

Unique view of shopping areas, offices and metro stations

Using aluminum panels for interior decoration

Take a close look at the buildings appearance which stands out for its originality. Many have received their wonderful view thanks to the designers and aluminum finish. Composite material amazes with its richness of colors, textures and wall shapes. The thickness and weight of the material are invisible. The facades bend contrary to the laws of standard construction and float above the ground.

Lightweight composite boards are used to decorate offices and retail spaces. Finishing with aluminum panels can be seen at some Moscow metro stations. Exhibitions and business centers use lightweight metal materials for advertising and information boards. Wall decoration looks fantastic if designers have used the unlimited possibilities of composite panels.

Using electroplating, milling and bending, 3D designs are applied to aluminum composite panels. Even fragmentary use transforms the interior and makes it stylish. Partitions are made from plates with a double-sided pattern, the thickness of which is 6 mm. In addition to their aesthetic appearance, thin walls significantly save space and absorb sound.

Wall panels in the interior of bathrooms and kitchens

Zero vapor permeability does not allow completely covering the bathroom walls with aluminum slabs. They can replace tiles in the shower and protect the walls above the font and washbasins from splashes. If you want to make your bathroom beautiful with the help of a wonderful material, then install a strong forced ventilation. It will ensure proper ventilation of the damp room. Likewise, it will get rid of odors in the toilet.

An apron made of aluminum sheet with a digitally printed pattern or stenciled pattern will look great in the kitchen. Usually, moisture-resistant materials are used to line the walls to which the stove and the rest are attached. kitchen equipment. The rest are painted or decorated in other ways.

Ceiling panels and cassettes made of aluminum

When choosing the type of exterior finishing for a house, two methods usually compete - applying a layer of plaster (the “wet” method), or a cleaner and faster ventilated facade.

It is a canvas of sheathing materials installed with a small gap above the wall surface, which creates a ventilation gap that facilitates the removal of steam and moisture from the wall materials.

A ventilated façade is a convenient way to cladding a house without the dirt common to “wet” finishing methods.. Siding or its variety - façade panels - is used as cladding.

They successfully perform the function of protecting wall materials and have a powerful decorative effect on the viewer. Such qualities contribute to the continuous increase in the varieties of facade panels, one of which we will consider in detail.

Aluminum composite panels (for simplicity - aluminum composite or ACP) are modern facing material for exterior walls of buildings.

The panel consists of three layers, the two outer ones are aluminum sheets, and between them there is a layer of non-flammable polymer filler (thermoplastic).

The inner side of the panel facing the wall is covered with an anti-corrosion layer, and the outer side is covered with a protective layer that protects the surface from exposure to ultraviolet rays, atmospheric agents, etc.

The outer side can have a natural metallic color, or can be painted in a variety of colors - from white to black. In addition, imitation of wooden or stone surfaces is possible, mirror coatings or coloring of pearl shades.

There are samples of the “chameleon” series of aluminum composites that can change their color depending on the viewing angle, for example, from dark green to bluish-pink, etc.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of ACP include:

• High decorative qualities.
• Light weight of the material, does not create unnecessary load on the supporting structures of the building.
• Lack of combustion ability.
• Ability to easily withstand the entire temperature range possible for outdoor use.
• Moisture and frost resistance of the material.
• Ease of installation, the ability to install at any time of the year and in any weather.
• Service life (guarantee) - from 50 years.
• There is no need for special care; regular rain is sufficient.
• Wide choice of material colors.
• Automatic transmissions can be dismantled and reused.

Disadvantages include:

• High cost of material.
• ACPs are not heat insulating. On the contrary, the temperature of the outer and inner sheets should be as identical as possible, otherwise the sheets will begin to bend in one direction or another. Therefore, during installation it is necessary to use spacers between the support brackets and the wall.

A drawback that can influence the choice is the price, but the high quality, durability and style of the cladding are quite consistent with such costs.

Specifications

Aluminum composite has the following technical characteristics:

• Length - 2.1-6 m.
• Width - 1.22-1.5 m.
• Thickness - 4 mm.
• The thickness of the aluminum layer is 0.4-0.5 mm.
• The temperature change in the length of the material is 2.4 mm/m at a temperature of 100°.
• Elongation - 5% maximum.
• Panel weight - from 3.7 to 7.9 kg.
• Filling with fire retardants on the inner layer is 75%.

How do ACPs stand out from other types?

Aluminum composite - material that can change your form- for example, you can give the sheet a concave or convex shape (for covering non-flat surfaces), and bend the panels up to 180°.

In addition, it is possible to cut the material in any direction with any tool, the main thing is that it does not damage decorative coating and did not spoil the appearance of the aluminum composite.

Another property that distinguishes automatic transmission from other types of cladding is high level soundproofing.

This shows the difference, for example, from vinyl samples, which make a lot of noise when it rains. The reason for this quality is the multilayer structure of the material, which can dampen sound waves and not create resonators.

Despite the fact that the base material is metal, they are lightweight, which significantly reduces the load on the building’s supporting structures.

At large sizes low weight walls is a significant advantage, since support structures buildings may not be designed to withstand large additional loads.

Other types of facade panels

In addition to aluminum, there are other types of facade panels.

These include:

• (sometimes called façade panels).
• Wood fiber panels.
• Steel.
• Vinyl.
• Acrylic.

All of the listed types of external cladding materials have approximately the same installation procedure, since they all belong to the same type of ventilated facades. The greatest difference between them is in the material of manufacture, its features and operating requirements.

Types of aluminum panels

Aluminum panels for exterior wall decoration are divided into:

• Aluminum cassettes.
• Perforated panels. Used for enhanced ventilation of walls - for example, in areas high humidity or increased steam production.
• Honeycomb panels. Aluminum honeycombs are installed between two aluminum sheets. The material has increased rigidity, low weight and the ability to produce sheets of large format - up to 2 m by 9 m. At the same time, the thickness of the sheet is from 15 mm, but in terms of rigidity it exceeds 5 mm sheet steel by more than 3 times.

In addition, there are aluminum ceiling panels, but they are intended for interior decoration.

Together with aluminum panels, galvanized steel panels are produced using the same technology. They are somewhat heavier than aluminum, and are more demanding in terms of the type of processing (destruction of the protective layer causes corrosion processes).

Otherwise, panels made of galvanized steel are practically no different from aluminum panels either in installation technology or in operating parameters; the only difference is the slightly lower price of the material.

Installation instructions

Installation of the automatic transmission begins with the installation of the sheathing, or, as it is more often called, the subsystem. It will be necessary to form a supporting structure, a frame of specialized metal parts, which forms a system of planks that form a flat plane.

• First of all, you need to make markings on the wall. The installation locations for brackets attached directly to the wall will be marked.
• Vertical rows of brackets are marked 45-50 cm apart.
• The horizontal distance between adjacent brackets directly depends on the size of the cladding.
• The bracket consists of two parts, one of them is mounted on the wall, the second is movable, it is used to fasten the supporting profile and, at the same time, to adjust the level plane of the system. In this way, any unevenness in the walls that may interfere with the smooth installation of the sheathing is compensated. The bracket is fastened to the wall using an anchor dowel, through a foam pad, which serves to prevent the formation of a cold bridge.

CAREFULLY!

The extreme rows of brackets are marked at least 15 cm from the edge of the wall.

• The movable part is fixed after the plane is adjusted two aluminum rivets (minimum), for which holes are drilled. For installation, a rivet is used.
• To adjust the plane first an ideal vertical is established along the two extreme rows, then a cord is pulled between them and all other rows are adjusted.
• If it is necessary to insulate the facade, then first marking and installation of brackets is carried out, then the installation is carried out (tightly, without gaps), after which the plane of the subsystem is adjusted. In places where the console must pass through the insulation, you need to make a cross-shaped cut, pass the console through it and lay the insulation tightly around it without cracks or gaps.

• After installing the subsystem, you can begin installing the automatic transmission. It is made using spacer slides, which are inserted into the guides. The panel clings to the slides; brackets are placed on its sides, with the help of which they are fixed to the slides.
• All components are fastened with aluminum rivets to prevent corrosion. The gap between adjacent panels should be 10-12 mm (temperature gap compensating for thermal expansion). The corners are installed in the same way as the panels themselves.

Useful video

Video instructions for installing aluminum panels on the facade of a building:

Conclusion

Aluminum facade panels are a modern and stylish way of exterior finishing of a building, giving it a new, futuristic look. An even canvas of smooth, reflective or imitating panels appears.

They distinguish the building from the general usual visual range, giving it an urban appearance characteristic of the most modern architectural finds. The performance qualities of the cladding make it possible to exchange air between the wall materials or insulation and the atmosphere without the penetration of moisture from the outside.

The strength and durability of the canvas make the cladding a reliable shell that protects the building from all external influences.

In contact with

If we talk about repair work, the quality of the materials used, as well as several basic parameters, is of great importance. These are durability, strength, decorative qualities and affordable cost. Although it’s better to pay once and not worry that the material will soon become unusable. One such material is aluminum composite panels. What is their feature, how to use the products and why they are so popular.

Manufacturing

Aluminum panels for walls are produced by many factories that produce metal facades. Without modern technologies not enough. The entire process is completely computerized, allowing factories to produce many units of goods in the shortest possible time. To give the aluminum panel its final shape, a folding method is used. The photo shows exactly how the process occurs:

There are manufacturers who specialize in creating custom aluminum panels. Before the production of aluminum products, all information is discussed with the customer: thickness, color, dimensions, etc. It is possible to satisfy the needs of even sophisticated customers who need decorative bends, additional perforation and patterned cutting. You will need to pay extra for the ability to bend sheets to order.

Where are they used?

The main area of ​​application is cladding building facades. Moreover, it has been used in this area for a very long time. And if aluminum panels are rarely found in private housing construction, then gas stations, football stadiums, large warehouses, production workshops or big stores metal panels veneer often.

Its relevance for such places is due to its high resistance to mechanical damage. But due to the fact that aluminum panels can be used to create an attractive and rich design, many homeowners choose these products for facade decoration.

Types of aluminum panels

Decorative metal panels, which can be used for interior and exterior decoration, must meet certain parameters. For example, fire safety, durability, strength, easy installation, good decorative qualities. There are several types of products that differ in the type of material used:

1. From non-ferrous metals: sheet of aluminum, copper. Their cost is much higher than that of their analogues. However, everything is due to the long service life, as well as other technical characteristics. Aluminum panels are painted with decorative compounds, treated with polymer materials, or simply polished until uniform.
2. Panels are made of simple metal that is rolled out on a machine. The size of the product is different, and the thickness is minimal. Such decorative elements can be made with your own hands using a hand tool for bending sheets along their length. This option is much cheaper. The surface is protected with paint so that the material does not rust over time. Unlike aluminum panels, metal panels can corrode when exposed to moisture.

Aluminum profile for wall panels is processed from the inside insulating material. Thanks to this, they increase noise absorption. This layer is made from soft plates on adhesive tape, the thickness of which is 1–4 mm, as well as from liquid spraying of polyethylene foam. Both the first and second compositions have similar characteristics. They allow you to muffle sound.

There are several other types of aluminum panels, which differ in the area of ​​use and the load they can withstand. This includes:

1. Wall metal products. They are created in any shape, they can be square, rectangular. Installation is carried out as desired, horizontally or vertically.
2. Ceiling aluminum panels. Mostly made square, hung on the frame.
3. Decorative aluminum panels with perforated patterns. Such aluminum panels are produced by cutting holes according to the order. This is high-tech work performed in a factory. Used as a decorative material with ventilation holes. There are even backlit panels.

Price metal products reaches 700 rub./1m2. It all depends on the type of coating, as well as the metal used. Aluminum panels are the most expensive - more than 2 thousand rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages

It is not for nothing that the cost of façade aluminum panels is high. They have many advantages over other analogues for finishing facades.

List of advantages:

1. Light weight. The thickness of the material is small, so the finishing does not heavily load the base of the building. And transportation will be much easier. This applies specifically to aluminum products.
2. Absolute fire safety. The material does not burn, therefore it complies with fire safety regulations.
3. Resistance to mechanical damage. The aluminum panel is durable and protects the wall surface.
4. Long service life, which is at least 30 years. In practice, the cladding can withstand even more.
5. Moisture resistant. The walls will be protected from negative influence, because metal does not allow precipitation to pass through. The only weak point is the joints external walls. They are sealed.
6. A huge range of colors allows you to create any facade, depending on the customer’s requirements. In terms of design, the panels are ideal. In addition, they are made with imitation brickwork or natural wood.
7. Good sound insulation performance.
8. Resistant to alkaline environments and many acidic reagents.
9. The material is not afraid of sudden temperature changes and has good frost resistance. The coefficient of deformation with a change in temperature for products is the lowest.
10. Simple finishing. To use aluminum panels, you need a standard set of tools and minimal skills in working with them.
11. The products do not rust or rot.
12. Metal absorbs radio waves, making the building difficult to listen to.

As you can see, aluminum products have many advantages. However, there are also disadvantages:

• high price;
• low thermal insulation of the building. Will have to mount on the wall insulation material, covering it with aluminum panels;
• the material conducts current well, however, this does not affect the operation of the building in any way.

Secrets of installing sheets

Immediately before work, you need to buy panels, as well as stock up on tools and materials. We'll talk more about the fastening system below.

If we talk about installation, it is not easy, however, with the instructions everything is possible. Before installing metal wall panels, you need to remove the old finishing material. Plaster, falling tiles, plants on the facade.

The next step is to install the metal sheathing. It is fixed to the wall with dowels. Brackets hold the entire structure, and panels are attached to the slats using bolts. Work begins from the top, gradually moving down.

Fastening system

Proper installation is possible thanks to the use of a fastening system. All elements for work are made of aluminum alloy.

List of wall connection profiles:

1. Profile GT-08. It has a groove width of 3 mm, dimensions 19x25 mm.
2. Profile GT-09. It has a groove width of 4 mm, dimensions 17x23 mm.
3. Profile GT-10. It has a groove width of 6 mm, dimensions 17x23.5 mm.
4. Profile GT-11. It has a groove width of 8 mm, dimensions 17x24.5 mm.
5. Profile GT-46. It has a groove width of 3 mm.
6. Profile GT-47. It has a groove width of 4 mm.
7. Profile GT-22. It has dimensions of 40x40x20 mm.
8. Profile GT-23. It has dimensions of 40x40x20 mm.

List of aluminum profiles for creating a ventilated facade:

1. Main guide (GT-12, GT-052). Length 6 m.
2. Sliding bracket (GT-31, GT-32). Length 5 cm.
3. Bracket for wall (GT-041). Length 5 cm.
4. Latch (GT-06).
5. Cassette holder (GT-07).
6. Washer (GT-03).

When it comes to structures for exterior decoration, they must be reliably protected. When creating a frame for the panels, which consists of internal and external corners, starting rails, connecting strips, finishing strips, platbands and brackets, you need to follow the instructions and be careful so that the quality of the finish is the best.

Aluminum composite panels are expensive, elite materials for facade finishing. Although they have a lot of advantages, only a few afford to decorate a private home.