Water supply for irrigation in the country. Summer water supply in the country: features of the use of wells and wells. Plumbing methods. Choosing a wiring diagram

In a situation where the summer cottage serves as a place of rest, it is impossible to do without organizing a reliable source of water supply. If it is planned to grow crops in the country, regular water supply should be taken care of first.

The well can feed the water supply in the country

Based on specific conditions, the source of water can be called:

• well or well - require a submersible or other pump;
• water supply network - you need to cut the pipe of the irrigation and water supply system of the house into the central water supply;
• natural or artificial open water - requires a pump and filter according to the situation;
• autonomous capacity as a drive for a working, but not in a constant mode, water supply.

The volume of the container is sufficient, but it will be necessary additional pump

Possible options for arranging water supply

It is possible to use as a source of water on the site central water supply or pump. An uninterrupted supply of liquid in this case will be provided by storage tank or hydraulic accumulator. In a situation with a tank, a moisture reserve is stored equal to the volume of the container, which can be of any size. It is located at a height, due to which a slight pressure is created in the water supply.

The use of hydraulic accumulator is more convenient as it maintains stable high pressure in the plumbing. By adding a pressure switch and a suitable pump to the accumulator, you can get an automatic pumping station. Hydraulic accumulator - a container in the form of a cylinder, divided into two volumes by a rubber membrane. In one half there is air under a pressure of about 2 atmospheres, in the other part water is supplied. The hydraulic accumulator has a limited volume, and this is a serious drawback.

When the tap is opened, water leaves the accumulator, which reduces the pressure in the system, the value of which is controlled by the relay. When the lower threshold is reached, the pump automatically starts, which pumps water until the upper pressure level is reached.

Hydraulic accumulators are different sizes

Types of water pipes

The market offers a wide range of pipes, mounting elements and stop valves for independent organization of the water supply system on the site. Its construction is a responsible event, the success of which is determined by the optimality of the selected elements.

One of the important tasks is the selection of suitable water pipes. Worthy alternative plastic pipes protrude from steel plumbing. Plastic is not subject to corrosion, works well at low temperatures, and retains its functions for a long time. There are several types of plastic pipes, so you can choose suitable option based on the specific situation.

Pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are distinguished by a low price. They connect with cold welding. As a result of welding, the connection can withstand pressure up to 15 atmospheres, and the water supply system has been serving for more than 50 years. Temperature regime its operation - from -15 ºС to +45 ºС (maximum +65 ºС). The susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation is average, in the cold the pipeline becomes brittle.

PVC pipes are suitable for plumbing

Advantages of PVC pipes:

• ease of installation;
• do not support combustion;
• smooth surface;
• resistance to oxidation;
• possibility of bending.

Among the negative qualities of PVC plumbing, there is a loss of strength due to scratches. Polyvinyl chloride pipes are not allowed threaded connections. It is undesirable to use them for an open plumbing system. Plumbing should be placed in a trench or sewer.

Polypropylene pipes (PPR) are often used for plumbing in the country. Note that PPR pipes for cold water marked with a stripe of blue color, for hot - red. The elements of the water supply system are connected by means of special soldering irons that heat up the plastic at the ends of the pipes to be welded, which are quickly fastened and solidified upon contact.

Polypropylene pipes in summer plumbing

Polypropylene pipes do not bend, and additional corners and fittings are used when collecting water pipes. As a result, the system is highly reliable, but in large numbers fittings, the cost of the entire plumbing is increasing.

LDPE pipes

Polyethylene pipes low pressure(HDPE) are connected without glue and additional devices. Threaded HDPE plumbing fittings are easily twisted by hand. Other advantages of such products include:

• operation in the mode up to -60 ºС is possible;
• resistance to chemical attack, decay;
• assembly by welding or using threaded fittings is possible;
• service over 50 years;
• use for summer and winter plumbing;
• smooth inner surface, which eliminates pressure loss in the water supply and deposits on the walls;
• when water freezes in pipes, they increase their size, and when thawed, they return to their original state without destruction.

An insignificant drawback of such pipes for country water supply is the impossibility of operation when high temperature liquids. A more tangible inconvenience is that it is impossible to step on such a water supply system, unlike metal structures.

HDPE pipe as a line for drip irrigation

We have already noted that HDPE pipes can be welded or joined using threaded fittings. Note that the threaded connection can withstand water pressure up to 4 atmospheres, which is more than enough in summer cottage conditions.

When selecting HDPE pipes, you should purchase options with blue stripes (for transferring cold water). Version with lines yellow color cannot be used in the garden, as they are designed for gas environments and contain toxic additives.

Based on the working pressure, HDPE pipes are divided into several categories:

• light - hold up to 2.5 atmospheres;
• medium-light - up to 4 atmospheres;
• medium - up to 8 atmospheres.

Street water supply at the site is assembled from light and medium-light pipes (denoted C and SL, respectively) with a diameter of 32 to 50 mm. You need to decide what density of pipes you need, it comes in three options: 63, 80, 100 (the numbers indicate the density). The greater the density, the greater the cost of products.

Sometimes, despite the higher price, a high-density option should be chosen for a summer residence: the walls of such pipes are thinner, which ultimately reduces the weight of the structure. This can be a decisive factor when water is extracted from a well or well. The light weight makes it easy to fix the pipes.

Assembling the plumbing system

Before you start installing the plumbing in the country with your own hands, it is important to determine which side of the garden the wiring will go to and draw a diagram of the location of the plastic pipeline. Water must be provided for country house, as well as to the key places of the site, where regular watering is provided. A plan on a scale will allow you to determine the location of the water points, the length of the irrigation system and the number of fittings.

Several points of water intake should be provided so as not to carry heavy hoses and ensure simultaneous watering in different places. It is necessary to provide a crane at the entrance to the house and in front of the main branch.

Also needed drain tap at the lowest point in the system. It will allow you to remove water from pipes in winter time to prevent it from freezing. If the plumbing is installed from HDPE, a drain valve is not required. It should be taken into account that the number of possible cycles of freezing and thawing water in the system is not infinite, and even a polyethylene pipe may eventually collapse.

The irrigation scheme will help calculate the amount of materials

The procedure for preparing for the collection of the plumbing system is as follows:

• drawing up a layout of pipes;
• calculation of the length of the system and the number of fittings;
• decision on the operating mode: winter or summer;
• preparation of ditches;
• purchase of irrigation system components from the selected material.

Winter and summer mode the use of water pipes differ in the depth of laying polyethylene pipes. In the event that the cottage is visited all year round, it is advisable to choose an insulated water supply or lay a standard one, below the freezing zone. When installing watering pipes in the country, it is more profitable to use summer type plumbing. If you have a greenhouse, you can not do without a winter styling option. The insulated pipeline that goes to the greenhouse should be laid in deep ditches or pipe heating should be provided.

The issue of conducting water with our own hands to the house in the country is considered by us in a special article. Experts recommend using welded polypropylene pipes for this purpose, which are resistant to temperature fluctuations and depressurization. The place of their laying is chosen taking into account the location of the rooms and ease of installation. Filters are required. Expansion tank will be a good addition.

Diagram of a water supply system with drip irrigation

Filter type for garden house selected based on the composition of the water being taken. When there is a lot of iron in it, a system of two filters is used. One of them is ion-exchange, removing iron. The other is coal, for the correct mechanical cleaning. Before using water for domestic purposes, it is important to take a sample for analysis. If the results are unsatisfactory, they put an additional filter and be sure to boil the water before use.

Autonomous water supply at their summer cottage with their own hands

Irrigation system with automatic pump cannot work without electricity. The supply of electricity to rural areas can be intermittent, so you should think about a reserve stock so as not to be left without water in the absence of electricity. A tank or other container can be installed in an attic or a special area and water can be pumped into it from a well or reservoir.

In the tank you can accumulate and rain water, however, in this case, a filtration system should be provided. First, the water must undergo a rough cleaning, and then several stages of fine purification. A coarse filter and a non-return valve should also be installed at the inlet of the suction pipe coming from the pump. The filter will prevent failure of the sensitive dirty water equipment. The valve will insure against the reverse discharge of water after the pump is turned off.

An autonomous tank in the country contributes to high-quality watering of plants. In the warm season, its contents warm up quickly. Plants that are watered warm water, grow faster and give a rich harvest. If it is necessary to create drip irrigation, a single line should be assembled. Tees should be placed on the central pipe and drip irrigation tapes should be connected.

Watering is not an easy task, and running around the dacha with a bucket back and forth is tiring. That is why best solution this question on personal plot there will be a construction of a water pipe for the summer, and best material- plastic pipes.

Country water supply is of two types:

• collapsible;
• stationary.

The device of a collapsible pipeline and its advantages

Summer irrigation water supply is a system of polypropylene pipes that supplies water from a source to the necessary places on the site.

The collapsible pipeline runs on the surface of the earth.

With it, you can deliver water to the beds, a summer shower, a bathhouse and for other purposes. When cold weather sets in, the pipeline is washed and disassembled into its component parts before the onset of heat. This is necessary in order to avoid rupture of the elements when water freezes in them.

The collapsible pipeline has a number of advantages. It can be quickly assembled and disassembled. In the event of a leak, it is easy to detect and replace the emergency section. If necessary, the pipe wire can be lengthened or shortened. In addition, such a system has a low cost.

A collapsible water supply system is connected to each other polypropylene pipes connected in series to a source on the earth's surface. However, this method has disadvantages. Pipes lying on the surface interfere with free movement in the area. You need to constantly look under your feet, and a soft hose is easily damaged by an accidental blow to it with a shovel or other sharp tool. There are cases of theft of sections of the water supply during the absence of the owners. However, all these shortcomings are covered by low cost and simplicity of design.

At present, the construction of a collapsible summer water supply does not present any difficulties. There are special kits in stores that include kits connecting elements, hose and polypropylene pipes. To assemble such a water pipe, you do not need to be a great specialist. This will take no more than half an hour. It is fixed to the ground with special pegs that hold it in one position.

The device of stationary water supply and its advantages

Stationary water supply for irrigation involves underground pipe laying. Only target water points remain above the ground. The depth of laying varies depending on the placement.

So, under the lawn, the pipe is buried no more than 20 centimeters from the surface of the earth. At the same time, a line is laid under the beds at a depth of at least 40 centimeters.

By the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to completely drain the water from the pipeline. Otherwise, the water in the pipes will freeze and break them.

For self-draining of water without special devices pipes must be installed at a slope.

A drain valve must be installed at the lowest point of the water supply.

An ideal option for a bath is to provide a stationary year-round way water supply. Unfortunately, for various reasons, not every developer has the opportunity to carry out water supply work in a planned manner and at a high cost of financial resources. Quite often, you have to install temporary summer water pipes for a bath. Consider several options for arranging such water pipes.

As for any installation work, before starting the installation of a summer water supply for a bath, you need to decide which technical specifications should have a design, what is ultimately necessary and how much it will cost.

Summer is the most active use water, laying plumbing to the bath, we strongly advise you to provide for the possibility of connecting summer shower, outdoor washbasin, irrigation systems, etc. If there is a need, then a country house can be connected to the same water supply.

The initial data is needed to determine the technical characteristics of devices and additional equipment, the diameter of the main pipelines and wiring.

Advantages and disadvantages of summer water supply

TO benefits summer water pipes include the following features:

• minimum volume or complete absence of earthworks - the cost and time of work is reduced;
• installation of equipment for heating pipelines and water fittings is not required. There is no need to insulate pumps or install them in heated rooms;
• you can bring water supply into the bathhouse directly through the wall - there is no need to dig under the foundation, dismantle floor coverings, etc.

Main flaw one: before the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to completely drain the water from the pipeline system or dismantle the pipelines. There is a second, not so important drawback - temporary surface plumbing can worsen the appearance suburban area.

Summer plumbing open type may interfere with work in the garden or spoil the landscaping of the site near the bath

Technological rules for the construction of summer water supply

Specific seasonal operating conditions put forward special technical installation rules for the system.

1. Before the onset of winter cold, the plumbing system must be preserved or dismantled. If you have built a stationary summer water supply system, then you need to completely drain the water from all pipes, heaters, filters and storage tanks. Temporary water supply from flexible hoses must be disassembled and stored indoors.

   

   

2. To ensure draining, pipelines should be installed at a slight slope to a water source or to special drain points.
3. Connections must be collapsible / collapsible, after dismantling, all elements of the system must remain operational.

   

   Compound metal-plastic pipes with fittings - collapsible

Important. Never Close Ball Valves after draining the water, for the winter they should be left in open form. Even a small amount of water is sure to break the valve, and residual water can be removed from the pipelines for a long period of time. It goes without saying that before starting the water supply, the drain and transition valves open. Do not forget to drain the water in all filters installed near the pump.

If the water intake is made from a well or an open reservoir, then all the water is drained into them. If the fence is from a well, then partly the water is drained back, and partly into the sewer or anywhere in the site.

What to consider when choosing a summer water supply scheme

There are several factors that should be taken into account at the system design stage.

Video - Summer plumbing

Bath water supply options

Depending on the desire and availability of time, you can do one of two options. summer water supply.

1. Temporary surface

Pipes are placed directly on the ground or on small racks. For laying networks, the use of plastic thick-walled pipes or flexible hoses is allowed. Connections and wiring are made with metal couplings or plastic fittings.

Another option is to lay pipelines with PVC pipes, but it will cost much more. In addition, to connect such pipes, you need to purchase a special welding machine.

Surface plumbing is considered the cheapest option, it can be laid along the shortest route, it is quickly assembled and works quite efficiently.

Flaws– obligatory dismantling of the pipeline system in the winter period.

2. Stationary summer

Pipelines are laid in shallow trenches (up to 30 centimeters). Pipes made of low pressure polyethylene or PVC are used.

Advantages- the system does not spoil the appearance of the suburban area, is protected from theft, allows you to use free land for flower beds, droshky, lawns, etc.

Disadvantages - during the laying of pipelines in trenches, it is necessary to observe a uniform slope of the pipes, taking into account the locations of the water drain points.

Practical advice. If you decide to make a stationary summer pipeline, then do not be too lazy to dig deep trenches and make it winter.

Laying water pipes in a deep trench - photo

Step-by-step instructions for installing a summer plumbing for a bath

Initial data. Water intake from a well, type of water supply - temporary surface, main pipes made of polyethylene, wiring pipes in a PVC bath. In the dressing room or rest room there is Appliances operating at stable water pressure (for example, a washing machine).

Step 1. Draw a diagram of the external and internal plumbing. At the same time, provide for the installation of wiring on the street, to which other water consumers will be connected in the future.

Inside the bath there can be serial or collector wiring. We recommend using the second option, it provides the same pressure of the water jet, regardless of the number of consumers.

In addition, collector wiring greatly simplifies the process of draining water from all pipelines.

Due to the fact that household appliances will be installed in the bath, a hydraulic accumulator must be installed to ensure constant water pressure. It is advisable to immediately purchase a pumping station, if the water consumption is significant - connect additional hydraulic accumulator with a capacity of approximately 50 liters. The pumping station is equipped with a five-liter tank.

When choosing a pumping station, pay attention to its specifications and compare them to your requirements.

The industry produces a wide range of equipment, it is possible to choose the best option. To do this, you must know the maximum height of the water rise (the distance from the water surface of the water intake and to the place where the hydraulic accumulator is installed) and the total length of the main water pipes.

Practical advice. Always buy pumps with a power margin of 30%. Firstly, it will significantly improve the performance of the plumbing system. Secondly, the operating time of the pump is increased. The operation of any electrical equipment at maximum power causes accelerated wear of all rubbing parts and loss of dielectric characteristics of the insulation of the stator and rotor windings as a result of excessive or critical heating.

Try to minimize the number of sharp turns, main pipeline on the surface can be made as straight as possible. Each sharp turn is an increase in the load on the pump motor and a decrease in the amount of water supplied per unit of time.

It goes without saying that the pipes should not create barriers to passage, not complicate the irrigation of the site, and observe the necessary slope for complete drainage of water. If you plan to completely dismantle the water supply for the winter, then the slope of the pipes does not matter.

Step 2 Measure the length of the pipes and count the number and types of plumbing fixtures and fittings.

You will need adapters from one pipe diameter to another, tees, taps, couplings with one side on the thread, etc. Do not rush during the calculations of valves.

Additionally, purchase a fine water filter. The pumping station has a coarse filter only, it captures solid impurities with a diameter of at least 0.1 mm. This is not enough for safe work household appliances.

Step 3 Lower the pipe into the well.

You can lower it through the top of the ring - it's simple, but ugly. It is better to make a hole in the concrete and lower the vertical pipe into it. Make a hole at a height of at least 10 centimeters from the ground, this will prevent surface water from entering the well during heavy rains.

At the end of the pipe, you need to screw the factory mesh filter for pre-treatment of water.

A threaded fitting is used, a filter is fixed to the thread with check valve, the polyethylene pipe is fixed with a plastic clamping nut, the seal is made by a rubber gland.

Professional advice. For sealing threaded connections, you can use traditional tow (flax production waste) or modern FUM sealing tape.

We do not recommend using tow, it is long and ugly. In addition, the tow will have to be additionally treated with a sealant. oil paint. And one more lack of tow. Most fittings are made of brass or less durable stainless alloys, they are quite cheap and are very popular among developers. To completely exclude air leakage, the connection with the tow must be well tightened, and these materials are characterized by great fragility. FUM tape provides reliable sealing with little torque of the connection.

Video - Sealing joints

Next, connect the vertical square and horizontal section pipes. Pipes can be cut with a grinder, a hacksaw or a special tool. The best option- use the factory fixture: the cut is even and without burrs.

Important. Very carefully remove the burrs at the ends of the cut pipes and make a chamfer. Otherwise, during the installation of the connecting fittings, there is a high probability of damage to the rubber seal. Air leakage, depending on its intensity, either slightly reduces the performance of the pump or completely disrupts its operation.

To facilitate connection with fittings, we recommend lubricating the ends of the pipes with vegetable oil or, in last resort, moisten with water. The ends of the pipes should enter the fittings without much effort, as soon as a difficulty arises, stop trying to connect. Remove the pipes and check their condition, find the cause of the jamming, eliminate it, re-lubricate or wet the surfaces. And only then try to connect again.

Video - Detachable connection of plastic pipes

Step 4 According to the diagram, cut the pipe in the right places and connect the tees, make transitions to a smaller diameter, install stopcocks.

Step 5 Make a pipe entry into the bath. There are several options for solving the problem, the specific choice depends on design features building and your wishes.

If the bath is on pile or column foundations, then the hose can be inserted through the floor. It is much more convenient, safer and more beautiful. The input should be located as close as possible to the installation site of the pumping station. The hole in the floor should be made in an inconspicuous place, preferably in the corner of the room.

If the bath is set to strip foundation, you will have to make a hole for the pipe in the wall.

Pipe laying - photo

On this outside work for the installation of the summer water supply can be considered completed and proceed to the connection of the pumping station. It is much more difficult and responsible than a gasket external pipes, let us dwell in detail on the algorithm for connecting a pumping station.

Connection of a pumping station

We have already mentioned that it is better to do internal wiring in the bath with PVC pipes, prepare a special cutter and welding machine to work with them. This will not only speed up the work and improve their quality, but also ultimately reduce the cost by saving materials. All fittings, tees and ball valves and other fittings must be available.

Initial data. There is a water pipe inlet in the bathhouse, you need to install a pumping station with all additional equipment and make a collector wiring. At this point, the installation of a summer water supply for a bath can be considered completed; it remains to make an internal wiring to consumers.

Step 1. Study the instructions of the manufacturer of the pumping station, they indicate the specific dimensions of all threaded connections and give recommendations for the production of work. We will tell you a universal algorithm, specific fittings should be selected taking into account the pump model.

The water supply will have an additional filter for water - its quality is significantly increased and the operating time of all household appliances, whose work is connected with water, increases.

For plumbing plumbing, materials are used from steel, copper, brass or plastics, you can choose any. But in terms of price-quality ratio, copper is in the first place, we recommend working with this metal. The fact is that brass has one very unpleasant property - it weakly resists long-term static loads. After about a year and a half, most connections under load begin to crack for no apparent reason - this is the result of loads that are insignificant in strength, but acting for a long period.

Step 2 Immediately at the inlet of the water pipe, a shut-off valve must be installed, the first water purification filter will be connected to it. For insulation, you can use tow or FUM tape. Use tape, it is durable, it is quite suitable for the cost, it confidently occupies a leading position in terms of sealing quality. Do not apply too much force when connecting the fittings, the tape holds water anyway, it is for tow that high tightening forces are needed.

Step 3. Attach a piece of pipe about 10 centimeters long to the tap, the filter housing will be fixed to this pipe. The specific dimensions of the pipe section depend on the place where the filter is fixed. In our recommendations, we give approximate values ​​​​of linear dimensions, while you take into account your individual conditions during the production of work.

Step 4 Further connections can be made PVC pipe, these areas will no longer be affected by significant loads. Weld a threaded fitting to the pipe, screw the first coarse water filter onto the thread.

Step 5 Attach a piece of pipe to the outlet of the coarse filter to connect the fine filter. If you have little space in the room, then a fine filter can be installed after the pumping station in front of the accumulator.

Step 6 The output from the fine filter also has internal thread, a central pipe is connected to it, going to the collector wiring. Each department collector wiring must have a shut-off valve at the inlet and outlet.

Video - Connecting a pumping station

On this, the main work on the installation of summer hydrogen for the bath is completed. Now you can draw up an internal wiring diagram, think over the number of water consumers and their locations. After that, the installation of the internal plumbing system is carried out. The connection algorithm is no different from what we have already described.

All suction pumps are very sensitive to poor sealing of the joints. The ingress of air significantly impairs their performance, if a lot of air enters, the system ceases to function, keep this in mind.

Perform vacuum pipe connections very carefully. Another nuisance of violation of the tightness of the suction pipelines is that problematic connections are difficult to detect; when the pump is turned off, water does not flow in these places. In pressurized pipes, leaks are much easier to detect and repair.

If you need to bend the pipe under acute angle without fittings, you can use one of the methods we offer.

First

1. Cut off the ends of the pipe right angle check the cut quality. Attach the cut ends to each other and look for gaps between the planes, if necessary, align the cut line.
2. Take a flat sheet of metal with a thickness of at least one millimeter, the dimensions of the sheet must be greater than the diameter of the pipe to be connected.
3. Fix a sheet of metal in a vertical position, bend a wire stand for this, or simply lean it against a convenient surface.
4. Heat up a sheet of gasoline blowtorch, gas burner or other source of fire until dark red, take away the fire.
5. Quickly attach two pieces of pipe on both sides of the metal, wait until they begin to melt.
6. Remove the pipes to be connected from the iron and connect them to each other along the cut line, squeeze strongly and hold motionless in this position for 10-15 seconds until the plastic cools down.

In this way, you manually welded the pipe, the quality of the seam is no different from the industrial one. This method makes it possible to connect pipes under different angles, in many cases helps to reduce the number of expensive fittings.

Second

Fill the place of the proposed pipe bend with dry sand. The length of the pipe section with sand should be more than 25 centimeters, this indicator varies depending on the diameter of the pipe - the smaller the diameter, the less sand is needed.

The bend should be in the middle of the sandy area. Gently heat it around the entire circumference with a blowtorch, heat slowly, to evenly heat the entire surface of the pipe, constantly turn it. The pipe should be heated throughout its thickness.

When the plastic has become soft, begin to carefully bend the pipe, warm up the cooled places as necessary. The sand inside the pipe will keep the inner diameter and prevent the pipe from bending too sharply. It should be said that this method requires some skill.

Before connecting sections of the water supply with a welding machine, carefully consider the procedure a few steps ahead. The fact is that the device must simultaneously heat two sections of the connected pipes, one of which is already near the wall, sometimes it is difficult to get close to these places - there is not enough space. In such cases, you need to skip one connection and make the next, and then return to the previous one. Or cut the pipe and prepare special lengths to facilitate welding. The decision must be made directly at the work site, taking into account all the features of the pipeline installation scheme.

Video - How to bend a plastic pipe

We all love fresh fruits and vegetables that grow in our backyards and summer cottages. But it is impossible to grow them without regular watering. Such an opportunity can be provided by an irrigation system in the country from plastic pipes. Why from plastic? It's comparatively inexpensive material, which can be mounted with your own hands, without using bulky electromechanical devices and tools for this. Besides, plastic pipes superior to metal products in their main characteristics.

Exist various options formation irrigation system, each of which has certain features and fundamental differences.

This is the least expensive method of irrigation, in which water is supplied to the plants from a source along dug grooves. The whole system is located on the surface of the soil, so the question of how to do watering in the country with your own hands is practically not worth it. Water is poured into the soil directly next to the plants. With this method of watering, the roots are deprived of part of the oxygen, so it is undesirable to carry out such irrigation.

Sprinkling

Water moisturizes the plants, coming to them in the form of sprayed drops. Such spraying is created with the help of special sprinklers installed in certain areas of the site. Sprayers can be static or rotating. Such watering does not harm the structure of the soil, which is qualitatively and deeply moistened. In addition, the aerial parts of plants are also saturated with moisture, which increases their productivity. As a disadvantage, one can note the uneven spraying of water during irrigation in strong winds. The problem can also arise in case of insufficient water pressure in the line.

Drip irrigation

This is the most rational and economical method of irrigation, during which water flows directly to the roots of plants through a drip tape connected to an irrigation pipe. Such irrigation is possible even from a storage tank if there is no water in the main pipeline. Air access to the roots is maintained, and the soil structure does not suffer.

Flaw drip system- the likelihood of frequent clogging of the pipe due to the ingress of particles of soil and various debris into its holes.

Subsurface irrigation

This is an irrigation system in the country from plastic pipes laid inside the soil layer, at a depth of about 30 cm. Holes are made in the pipes through which water flows to the roots of growing plantations. The system is good for greenhouses and stationary plantings where regular digging is not performed. However, you can lay pipes once, and already plant annual plants relative to their location. Intrasoil irrigation relieves the summer resident of the need to loosen the soil surface. It also has a positive effect on the flow of oxygen to the roots.

Pipeline openings can become clogged, so a filter must be provided at the inlet to the irrigation pipe.

Advantages of plastic pipes

Polypropylene products and HDPE pipes are usually used for irrigation in the country. If you make a choice between these options, then it is recommended to give preference to polyethylene products, since their installation is simpler, and the pipes themselves have exceptional strength and durability. We list their main advantages, thanks to which plastic pipes have gained popularity and appreciation among summer residents:

• The inner walls of the pipes are exceptionally smooth, which eliminates the formation of deposits inside the pipelines. Thus, a better throughput is achieved with smaller diameters of the pipes themselves;
• The strength of the pipe walls ensures the safety of products even if they are exposed to relatively heavy garden equipment;
• Plastic products are more durable than their metal counterparts;
• Plastic is inert in relation to the aggressive environment, which is the soil, so pipelines can be laid even inside the soil layer;
• HDPE pipes do not collapse even at;
• Installation of polyethylene pipes for irrigation in the country is extremely simple to perform. No need for electrical equipment or any complex tools for connecting sections of the highway and inserting additional elements.

Automatic and manual irrigation control

Do-it-yourself irrigation system in the country can be formed with the possibility of manual, semi-automatic or automatic control.

Manual control is the simplest. The system, in this case, consists of a pressure pipe to which rigid or flexible hoses are connected. Watering is carried out manually. The sequence of water entering the hoses is carried out by opening the ball valves.

Semi-automatic system means manual control supplying water to a common pipeline. Further, the system distributes water through the pipes independently, and also regulates the pressure and flow of water.

Tip: At any time, you can switch from the semi-automatic system to automatic watering without turning off the water supply shut-off valve.

Irrigation system for a suburban area with automatic control fully automates the process of irrigation of the site. A person may not be present at the dacha at all, and at this time the plants will be watered at a given time, with a strictly defined amount of water. Sensors responsible for measuring temperature and humidity will give a timely command to stop watering if the temperature drops or the soil moisture rises to a normal level.

Irrigation system installation

For laying the irrigation system, polyethylene or polypropylene pipelines with a diameter of 20-40 mm can be used (usually the main line has larger diameter, and the branch lines are smaller). The connection of HDPE pipes with the elements of the system is carried out by means of compression fittings. This job does not require any tools. Polypropylene products are joined with a soldering iron, so the presence of electricity in the country is a must. Both types of pipes have sufficient rigidity and durability, allowing you to operate the irrigation system without dismantling for the winter.

Consider how to lay pipes in the country for irrigation correctly. Such a gasket can be surface or deep:

1. Surface mounting involves the placement of all pipelines on the soil surface. Such a system is assembled very quickly, and in case of breakdowns, they can be eliminated very quickly and conveniently. But there are also disadvantages. The surface location of the pipes increases the likelihood of accidental damage. It also becomes more difficult to move around the site. Yes, and for intruders, pipelines can become easy prey if you visit the country house only occasionally.

2. Deep mounting plastic pipes for irrigation in the country. This option is more preferable, so we will consider it in more detail:

A do-it-yourself irrigation system assembled from plastic pipes will provide your site with moisture for many years, saving you from monotonous and routine manual work.

How to make watering in the country from plastic pipes, the video will tell in detail, indicating all necessary elements systems.

Buying the very best seeds or seedlings is the least you can do. The result of labor will be only when proper organization glaze. No plant will give an excellent harvest if it is not sufficiently saturated with water. In order not to depend on the weather and rain, not to turn watering the garden into hard labour- the obligation to carry buckets of water, you should make a plumbing for watering the site with your own hands. You can build automatic or automated irrigation on your own, subject to the competent design and installation of all parts of the system. Let's take a closer look at how to do autonomous system reclamation with their own hands.

Choice of water source

Depending on the size of the garden, mount various systems irrigation: automatic with the use of programmable devices and simple non-automated, designed using a barrel. But before deciding to make this or that system, it is necessary to decide on the source of water and the equipment that will be needed for this or that choice. Water intake can be carried out in the following ways:

• Central conduit - this option is the simplest and most convenient, you just need to cut into the main pipe and make the wiring to your site, for this option there is no need to purchase and install pumps.
• Wells - in this case, it is necessary to install a pump, the motor can be deep or surface, it depends on the depth of the water source.
• Wells - in this embodiment, a pump is also needed, the version of the device depends on the depth of the well.
• Barrels - if you choose this option pumping station need not.
• A natural source of water - it can be a river, a lake or any other option, the power and type of pump depend on the characteristics of the source.

The choice of irrigation method depends on many factors, when making a decision, consider the following nuances:

• how demanding crops grown in the garden are for irrigation and need water;
• features of the characteristics of the soil;
• features of the local climate;
• availability of water for irrigation;
• financial capacity of the owner;
• plot size.

It is possible to build a land reclamation system on the site with the following options:

• trench irrigation;
• row irrigation;
• sprinkling;
• drip surface irrigation.

Each of these options has its strengths and weak sides. For example, the variant of flood irrigation is primitive and simple, but as a result, the structure of the fertile layer deteriorates. Sprinkling convenient option, but fungal infections develop on the ground. Drip irrigation is very comfortable for plants, saves time, but requires material costs. Most often, several irrigation options are combined at once.

Types of water pipes for irrigation

There are only two options for water supply for irrigation: permanent or temporary, that is, removable. Each of the methods has advantages and disadvantages.

The use of a stationary type of water supply allows you to:

• to establish a water supply, in which the process itself will be invisible, the pipeline will be buried in the ground, only pipe outlets for valves and hose connections will be visible;
• having done it once, there will be no need to assemble and disassemble the system;
• unclean persons will not be able to remove water pipes.

Of the minuses of this option, one can note the difficulty of eliminating leaks, the financial costs of hiring workers to dig trenches or wasting time doing this work on their own.

As for the mobile water supply, the advantages of this system include the following sides:

• mounting speed - pipes are simply connected to each other and laid on the surface in accordance with the planned scheme;
• there is no need to provide for the angle of inclination of the system, as in a permanent water supply system, in this embodiment, the pipes are simply laid on the ground;
• it is very easy to eliminate leaks or blockages, you can immediately find a place with a problem.

The disadvantages of this option include the fact that the system should be removed before the onset of cold weather, there is a danger that the pipes will be stolen, when moving on the site, you should look under your feet so as not to fall and crush the pipe.

Collapsible option, pros and cons

A collapsible system is a summer irrigation option that eliminates large physical costs and makes it possible to reduce financial costs to a minimum. As a rule, the summer version is mounted for watering plants, but sometimes its functions are expanded: it is required to fill the shower with water, supply water to outbuildings. But for this it is necessary to think very sensibly, and then mount a plumbing scheme, one that will not require endless repair work. At summer version there are fundamental differences with winter in mounting and ensuring operation:

• the summer version of the water supply does not require deep pipe laying;
• there is no need to insulate the system;
• there is no need to think over the drain system;
• the serial connection of the mobile version is simpler and more affordable than the collector winter one.

There is also a difference in pumping systems. For the summer version, the use of a surface motor is quite enough. And for a stationary water supply, a powerful pumping station with a water heating system and a storage tank is needed. Also very important points when deciding on a water supply option are climatic conditions. If the irrigation season does not exceed three months, a mobile water supply is sufficient. If the season garden work lasts longer, it is more expedient to build a stationary system.

Advantages of a permanent system

To install a permanent water supply system, it is necessary to prepare sufficiently deep ditches, pipes should be laid below the freezing level of the soil. A prerequisite is the installation of a drain valve that allows you to drain water as needed.

The main advantages of this type of system include:

• pipes lie deep in the ground and are protected from damage, they also do not interfere with moving around the site;
• no need to systematically mount and dismantle pipes;
• Preservation of the system is simple - just free the system from water.

The disadvantages are the complexity of maintenance and certain difficulties in the preparatory work.

Analysis of materials and devices

To mount the summer version of the water supply, it is necessary to prepare the following materials:

• pipes;
• cranes;
• fitting;
• pump;
• filters.

For the stationary version, additional elements are required:

• hydraulic accumulator;
• manometer;
• relay;
• auto protection;
• water heater.

For laying the pipeline into the ground, plastic water pipes made of polypropylene or polyethylene are suitable. As for the hose, they should not be placed in the ground, these parts of the plumbing system should be on the surface. In order for the system to serve for a long time and uninterruptedly, fittings and other components must be ideally suited in diameter and material. In this way, tightness can be achieved. Most of the funds will be needed to purchase a pump, but if you approach the choice of a motor wisely and buy equipment according to the characteristics of the water source, you can buy an option that will be ideal and will not incur high costs.

Temporary plumbing assembly instructions

To arrange a temporary water supply, a set of pipes, fittings and a pump should be prepared. In advance, it is necessary to calculate the footage of the structure and the amount of material; for this, a plan is drawn, where the joints and pipe turns are indicated. According to the drawing, you can accurately calculate required amount material and take into account the required number of components. If you plan to use a drip irrigation system, just follow the instructions:

• a basting is made: all pipes are laid out over the site, places are determined from where water will be taken from;
• if there are enough pipes and everything goes according to plan, it is necessary to connect the ends of the pipes using fittings;
• provided that all elements are connected, connect the system to the water supply and test the water supply.

Particular attention is paid to the tightness of the system, the pressure force. Despite the fact that the laying of pipes was carried out on the surface, it is necessary to arrange the pipes so that they do not interfere with the movement of people around the site or the movement of vehicles. You can mount a partially mixed water supply - in places of active movement, pipe fragments can be laid under the base. In winter, when the main gaskets are removed, the recessed pipes are closed with plugs and are waiting for their use in the next season.

Installation of a stationary system with a pump

Since the permanent water conduit system is located in the ground, it is necessary to carefully select parts and accessories. The operation of the system and its maintenance depend on the quality of the connections.

In the process of installing a water supply system, a project is required taking into account the specifics of the landscape. The correct location of the parts of the conduit, thoughtful nuances - most of success. For this reason, do not be too lazy to carefully plan the water supply system and draw a diagram of its location before purchasing materials. Right on the spot, on the site, think about how the pipes will lie, where the turns and water intake points are planned. Use a tape measure when measuring the area and write down all the results, do not rely on memory. Calculate the number of fittings, taps. Consider where it is most rational to dig ditches for laying the hose, what slope to make and where. Plan the location of the sprayers. To assemble the system, you will need tools and materials, be prepared that during the installation process there will be a shortage of one or another part, some materials should be taken with a margin. Here is an example list:

• pipes for water conduit;
• tees, fitting;
• hose;
• special device for cutting plastic pipes;
• hacksaw for metal;
• tap;
• pumping system.

The number of components is different in each case and depends on the project.

Earthworks, trenching

You can dig a trench for laying water pipes with a shovel with your own hands, without the involvement of assistants. It is not necessary to take the land anywhere, as it will be required to fill the ditches. How difficult the work will be depends on the characteristics of the soil. Sandy soil is the lightest, alumina with chalk impurities is the most difficult. Turns require additional effort, care should be taken that the corners do not crumble and do not have to be redone all over again. You should not get too carried away with turns unnecessarily: this is not only extra work, spending money on the purchase of components, but also a partial loss of system power.

Exist different variants piping assemblies that depend on the material. If previously widely used metal pipes and this required additional effort during installation, now plastic ones are common, which can be connected in two ways: welding or fitting. Welding is an option that is difficult but reliable. With the help of a special welding machine for pipes, the ends of the pipe are connected to the fitting. The design differs in reliability and tightness as connection by welding - is reliable.

After graduation welding work or connecting, do not rush to dig trenches: the system must be tested. Having connected all the elements, the tightness and pressure are checked.

Pump connection and testing

First of all, the pump is installed and at the time the installation of the system is completed, it is already installed. Depending on the type of pump, it is submerged or installed near a water source. Check how the whole system works, conduct control irrigation, you can evaluate the pressure, check the tightness of the entire system. Take Special attention places of rotation or connection of parts. If everything works fully, you can backfill the trenches. If the water supply of the summer version is dismantled for the winter, the winter version can be mothballed if desired.

How can you draw conclusions, installing a water supply system for irrigation with your own hands is quite accessible to anyone home master. To figure out how to do this in practice, what are the features of the installation, watch the video about the device of the summer water supply.