It is known that wooden windows in houses built from timber are rightfully considered the safest and most practical solution that favorably affects the microclimate in the dwelling.

Fundamental in the presented case is that during its shrinkage window system and the walls behave the same way. The decisive role here is played by their installation according to technology.

Features of installing windows in a wooden house

The assembly of windows in a timber structure has certain features. As you know, wood shrinks. In houses made of chopped logs or during the first 5 years, shrinkage is about 10-13% of the height of the building, while it shrinks no more than 2%.

If there is warping of window structures, the formation of interventional gaps in the walls or cracking of a double-glazed window, this indicates a violation of the technology during the installation process.

In houses made of chopped wood, logs, planed or profiled timber, it is advisable to install a window support after shrinkage of the house (not earlier than 1.5 years after construction).
The installation of windows after the construction of the log house is not rational due to the lack of the possibility of calculating the shrinkage of the walls. This indicator depends on the moisture content of the timber.
In houses made of glued laminated timber, windows can be installed immediately after erection of walls and installation of a roof of the house.
The installation of windows must be carried out exclusively by means of sliding joints - support bars and casing. Tying window blocks and pigtail construction to logs or timber is strictly prohibited. Tight fastening during shrinkage leads to a violation of the integrity of the window modules and walls of the building. In fact, the window system must balance separately in relation to the wall.
In the upper part above the window frames, it is necessary to provide for a shrinkage margin - a gap of 6-7 cm. Miscalculations of spare gaps can lead to poor closing of windows or interventional gaps in the walls.

Scheme of installation of wooden windows

Window opening preparation

Before mounting the box, prepare a window opening. The opening should be rectangular in shape without cracks, recesses, distortions and other flaws. From all its surfaces it is necessary to remove construction waste, dirt, dust and deposits.

In order to avoid distortions in the future, accurate measurements of the external, internal and lateral sides of the opening are required.

In the case when the skew of the opening is significant, and it is not possible to correct it, it is recommended to expand the window parameters in such a way that highest level the outer opening exceeded the width by 2.5-4 cm, and the height by 1-2 cm.

To carry out the extension makes it possible to install an additional profile on the window. This will prevent the appearance of gaps between the box and the hole in the areas of maximum skew.

In addition to the option of expanding the size of the opening to correct the skew, there is such an option as increasing the parameters of the window frame.

siege

A special design, which is a wooden box without a bottom crossbar, the purpose of which is to securely fasten the window and maintain the shape of the window frame, regardless of the degree of shrinkage of the house, is called casing or pigtail.

There are several types of this design:

Whole. It is made from specially processed solid material.
Adhesive. The individual components are made of typesetting boards, connected by means of micro-grooves and glue. All burrs and small knots are removed.
Mixed. Part of the casing is made in one piece, and the other part is made using glue. Upon completion of installation, the pigtail is varnished. This type is suitable for the use of large window sills.

An okosyachka is made according to the size of each window. However, if it is planned inner lining, then a selection can be made for it. When facing on both sides, sampling is not performed.

The assembly of the casing can begin after the preparation of the window opening.

Its production is carried out as follows:

Grooves are made in the base, which is adjacent to the window opening. A beam of the same size is inserted into them, acting as the side of the casing.
First, a beam is placed at the bottom of the opening, which will prevent the displacement of the side elements.
A seal is placed under the beam from linen tow.
Sealing material is placed in the recesses and install the side boards.
The final step is fixing the top board of the structure.
A space is left on top of the pigtail for the wood to dry out and fill it with a sealant. So in the process of drying the logs, the window opening will not be affected by the load.

Window installation

The window is installed in the following sequence:

A waterproofing layer is laid on the lower part of the opening. and sealing material.
Install window frame and fix it with the help of linings or wedges made of wood.
Using building level or plumb, adjust the horizontal and vertical. In this case, attention should be paid to the actual horizontal and vertical, and not to the sides of the window opening.
On each side of the opening, in increments of 50 cm, drill holes.
With self-tapping screws fix the box.
Perform isolation of the space between the box and the wall sealing material.
Next, mount the frame. It is installed in the grooves of the box and attached to it with screws.
Window blocks are installed on the box with hinges(separable and inseparable). The difference between them is the possibility of removing the hinge. Detachable are convenient in areas where there is no possibility of raising the window transom. Even fastening of the hinges contributes to the even hanging of window transoms. They are fastened with screws.
The sash is locked by means of a locking element or a latch. After checking the opening and closing of the transom, fix the frame using nails.
Next, proceed to the installation of window sills. They are mounted from the inside so that the side edges go into the walls by 4.5-5 cm on both sides.
Immediately before installation, using a lime-gypsum mixture, align the bottom of the window opening.
The window sill is fixed with wedges. After installation thermal insulation material finally fix it.
Installation of ebbs is carried out from the outside of the opening- for the entire width of the frame penetration into the base.
The gaps between the casing of the base and the box, as well as the upper and sides of the window, are closed with a casing. It is advisable to use the same type of wood from which the house is built as platbands.
All parts of the casing are interconnected. To do this, use spikes, nails or adhesive solution.
Preliminary marking of placement fasteners (the step is 10-12 cm).
So that in the process of fastening the platbands they do not move, the design can be put on glue.
The final step is to fix the platbands with nails or self-tapping screws., and closing the gaps between the base and the platbands with sealing material.

For the manufacture of casing, wood with a moisture content of at least 10% is used., otherwise cracks form inside the structure over time.
In the manufacture of pigtails is strictly prohibited use metal fasteners.
Building foam cannot be used as a sealing material when assembling the casing. In this case, the wood is bonded, which prevents its natural shrinkage.
In the process of installing windows, it is important to properly drill holes for them. The optimal distance from the window sill to the floor is 85-90 cm.
Experts do not recommend installing windows without installing a pigtail, even if the house was built many years ago and the log house is completely dry. This is due to the fact that throughout the entire life of the tree has a tendency to shrink.
To provide greater efficiency and heat retention wooden windows should be installed closer to the outside of the window opening.
As the material for the window sill, you must choose hard rocks tree. The window sill made of glued wood has the longest service life, the window sill made of solid wood has the shortest service life (as a rule, the product is warped).
The corners of the window opening should be 90 degrees, and the diagonals should not differ by more than 10 mm. If the hole in the base is larger than the allowable value, more sealing material will be required. If you do not ensure the evenness of the corners, warping of the box is possible.
It is important to correctly calculate the depth of the window in the opening so that the dew point isoline, equal to 10 degrees, passes in its inner part. Then there will be no condensation on the inside of the window.

Self-installation of window construction saves money, but improper work only increases costs in the future. For houses made of wood, there is a special technology for installing PVC windows.

Advantages and disadvantages of PVC structures

Installation requires special skills and knowledge from a person, if there are none, then it is better to study the topic in detail. The best system fixation is a tenon-groove, it is it that allows you to avoid deformation when the tree shrinks, which has Negative influence on operational properties window metal-plastic construction. New buildings are more prone to shrinkage, but even older houses can experience shrinkage.

Professionals note that a wooden house sags by an average of 20 mm per year. It is not so easy to determine with the naked eye, but it is very easy according to the window structure.

Rarely, but it happens that there is no deformation for several years, and then, under the influence of the environment, the distortion becomes visible. To prevent this from happening wooden house, before installing the window, it is necessary to do the casing. This is a very complex and painstaking process, but it cannot be ruled out. If you make the installation, as in brick house, you will need constant adjustment of the fittings in the window structure. Plastic structures have a lot of advantages, which is why they are in great demand in the market. Among them it is worth highlighting the following:

low costs during operation, since such a window does not need to be painted or treated from insects;
durability of the material, which is resistant to temperature changes environment, it is not affected by ultraviolet, corrosion does not appear and it does not rot;
good frame rigidity;
fire safety;
no cracking or warping.

All these advantages make the window construction suitable for all regions of our country. PVC perfectly copes with the assigned tasks both in the south and in the north. But, like any material, PVC has drawbacks, because it is far from ideal. Among them are the following:

the inability to maintain the required level of humidity in the house, since such structures are completely sealed;
it is impossible to repair such a window if the surface is damaged;
there is always a lot of dust on plastic, as it attracts it with static electricity;
the material has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, so the places where the plastic adjoins the wall are often damaged;
wood has better sound and heat insulation than plastic.

Important nuances

The installation of plastic structures in a wooden house has its own characteristics. It does not matter whether such windows are mounted in a timber or log house technology must be strictly observed. When installing a plastic window, it is worth remembering that the shrinkage of the tree causes additional pressure on the frame. This is one of the reasons why it is impossible to do without casing.

In the space between the top bar of the window and the wall, it is not always worth using foam, as it becomes quite stiff when it dries and also creates unnecessary pressure on the structure. In this case, all the benefits of casing are nullified.

If you do not take into account the gap between the frame and the wall, having calculated the wrong dimensions of the window, you will have to increase the opening, since it will be installed without negative consequences too big window will not work. After foaming the gaps from the outside, it is better to mount the PSUL tape, it will not only protect against ultraviolet rays, but also from moisture.

Mounting foam, with all its advantages, quickly collapses and loses its properties if it is not protected. Inside the cottage from a bar, this must be done with the help of a vapor barrier, and waterproofing will help outside. Most window distortion occurs when it is not installed level. Fittings in this design fail twice as fast and require replacement.

We must not forget about the cold zone, in which the window begins to freeze from the side of the slopes, and condensation appears inside.

Manufacturers emphasize the tightness of PVC structures and excellent sound insulation as one of the main advantages of windows of this type. In fact, the wooden frame has natural ventilation, thanks to which the humidity level does not increase in the room, the same cannot be said about PVC windows.

During their installation, in order to eliminate the problem with condensate in the future, it is necessary to install ventilation yourself, and if there are no special holes, you will have to try hard.

Makes the situation much easier supply valves, which are special profiles installed on a plastic window.

You can't help but be pleased with the ease of installation. The user will be required to remove the seal already present in the window structure and place the valve on the sash. It is easy to fix it with self-tapping screws, but you will need to think over the exhaust hole, otherwise there will be no sense from the system.

No one will be happy that companies that install plastic structures in a wooden house do not guarantee their work, because they cannot fully predict the behavior of PVC. Even if you follow all the rules and requirements, there is no guarantee that after a few years of operation the window will not stop working.

Casing manufacturing

Only the casing protects the window structure in the log house from distortions, bends and other kinds of deformations. Casing boards must be dry and strong, otherwise they will not be able to complete the task. For this, a board is suitable, the thickness of which cannot be less than 5 cm or a bar 15x10 cm. The thickness of the element is always equal to the thickness that the wall has.

The rules for building in an old wooden house do not change. Things are quite different with frame structures because they don't shrink. Such houses are already being created with openings for windows and doors, they have the necessary rigidity for installation. Does not shrink and a log house that has stood for more than ten years.

Casing can be done different ways, such as:

thorn-monolith;
mortgage beam;
into the deck.

The most reliable of the three options is the last, but it is also considered the most time-consuming. For those who do not have enough skills and abilities, it is recommended to do the casing using the second method. It is necessary to make furrows in the middle of the window opening, vertical to each other with dimensions of 5x5 cm. As an assistant, you can use circular saw, chainsaw, ax and even a chisel.

Before driving a beam into a groove, it must be wrapped in lnovatin. The seal will be between the wall and the element, but at the same time it should slightly go into the window opening.

Laid on a bar edged board and fix it with self-tapping screws at the top and bottom. Two bolts are sufficient in each case. Before this, it is worth drilling a recess a little larger than the diameter of the cap. If a spike-monolith is used, then the T-shaped beam is cut out in advance, and then installed in the existing groove, after which it is fixed with self-tapping screws to ensure reliable fastening.

Elements of the window structure, located vertically, should be at a distance of 8 cm from the top of the window opening. That is, a five-centimeter beam laid on the upper jamb should be at a distance of 3 cm from the wall. It is this distance that is taken as the shrinkage gap.

Top bar windows should not hang in the grooves, enter only with effort. The final fastening is made with self-tapping screws, which are driven in at an angle. The final work at this stage can be considered the installation of insulation. The gap is closed with mounting foam, which can be laid in one or more steps. If it is necessary to apply the composition twice, then you should wait ten minutes until the first layer hardens. In hot weather, the foam must be moistened with water from a spray bottle.

The material is quickly destroyed under the influence of the sun and other weather conditions, therefore, with inside it is covered with a vapor barrier, and a windproof membrane is used outside.

It is forbidden to use a vapor barrier on both sides, because then moisture will accumulate under it, and it contributes to the formation of mold.

Installation

You can install the window structure with your own hands, insert the structure into a box, put a window sill, make slopes, but it is better to study the technology first so as not to spoil everything. The main tools you will need are:

level;
mounting foam;
screwdriver;
drill;
spray;
key to adjust windows;
chisel;
bolts;
spacer wedges.

It is easier to install windows with a partner as not everything can be done by yourself. It should be understood that the double-glazed window has an impressive weight and it is impossible to hold it alone while carrying out work. Before installation, it is better to check the measurements taken, to determine the presence of gaps. For foaming, 5 cm should remain on top, 3 cm on the sides, and 4 cm at the installation site of the window sill.

Incorrect mortise in wood country house will cause many problems in the future.

Before installation, be sure to purchase at a hardware store special mounts, which are metal plates with holes made. Professionals advise using them, stipulating this requirement by the fact that the use of self-tapping screws that penetrate the frame completely deprives it of tightness, and, accordingly, reduces the level of thermal insulation.

The window is installed only according to the level and nothing else, distortions threaten to get quick damage plastic product and broken hardware. Be sure to remove the sash from the window, thereby reducing the weight of the frame at the time of work. The insert should be located evenly, fastened only to the elements dictated by the standard. When foaming the gaps, you can prevent their displacement by placing bars under the frame, and then they are removed.

It is important to choose the location of the screws correctly, it is strictly forbidden to screw in at the location of the ridge.

okosyachka

The pigtail is assembled after preparing the window opening. The upper part is cut out of a 15x4 cm board and grooves are created through which it will be attached to the ridge. This part of the opening is located on top, it must be even, not have kinks, otherwise there will be difficulties with the installation of the plastic structure.

The protrusion, which plays the role of a crest, is lined with rolled tow, and then a carriage is put on - prepared wooden element with cut groove. This is done in order to improve thermal insulation and get rid of creaking. The upper part of the pigtail must be screwed to this element with self-tapping screws, but in such a way as not to affect the comb.

double glazing

Double-glazed windows are delivered to the installation site assembled, they must be disassembled before installation, the only way to reduce the weight of the structure. Using a special key, it is necessary to remove the upper pins that hold the sash open.

After that, the handle turns and in the open state the sash is easily removed from the lower mount, but it is worth remembering that this is the heaviest part of the structure.

To knock out the glazing beads and remove the double-glazed window, you must use a spatula or a hammer and a knife. Gently pushing the element away, you should simply remove it from the frame. The short sides can be slightly pry from the corner and pulled.

Experts advise immediately remove from the outside of the window structure protective film until it adheres to the surface by reacting with the plastic under the influence of ultraviolet light. Then it will be almost impossible to tear it off. It is necessary to drill holes for the pins, which should be located at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the corner, and no more than 70 cm from each other.

Plastic windows can reduce heating costs, since the hermetic design prevents the formation of drafts. It should be noted the aesthetic appeal of such products, cost savings on maintenance. But plastic windows will meet the requirements only if the installation was done correctly.

Self-installation of PVC structures in a wooden house has some difficulties, which is why it should be done in accordance with the instructions of specialists. The time of year does not affect the installation process in any way. Availability modern technologies allows you to work with the same success in summer and winter, when a polyurethane frost-resistant sealant is used.

Many users are unhappy with the accumulation of condensate and say that moisture is constantly accumulating on the inside. This can be avoided by simply ventilating the room or installing exhaust devices, high-quality ventilation system. In cold weather, you can immediately determine the presence of poor sealing, the condensate that appears will indicate places where it is necessary to foam more strongly.

If the installation will be carried out by workers, make sure that the installation plastic windows produced according to established standards, then in the future you will not have to face unpleasant surprises. A professional installer will not work when sub-zero temperature air.

9134 0 0

How to fix a window: an overview of fasteners and a photo report on the installation

Hello. In this article, I will talk about how to fix plastic windows in a residential building with your own hands using available tool . I hope that this topic will be of interest to you, as installation skills can save money.

Despite the fact that for many manufacturers the price of windows includes the cost of installation, there are many companies where they will sell you a double-glazed window cheaper due to self-assembly. Saving money is obvious!

Basic information about window installation

Installation of glazing in the opening differs depending on the type of profile used and depending on the type of walls. For example, installation in a stone, concrete or brick wall is carried out directly without any structures that compensate for the mechanical loads on the window.

At the same time, installation in a wooden house is carried out with the obligatory device of a casing box, which compensates for loads due to shrinkage processes.

There are two main requirements for the installation of plastic double-glazed windows:

Strength and reliability of the installed glazing;
Correct location in terms of level relative to the vertical and horizontal plane;
Properly executed sealing of gaps along the perimeter of the opening to ensure optimal energy efficiency of the glazing.

Fasteners for installation of double-glazed windows in PVC profile

Commonly used fasteners for plastic windows: a - frame dowel with a metal seal; b - frame dowel c plastic seal; c - universal plastic dowel; g - screw (self-tapping screw); e - anchor plate

Before proceeding to the description of the installation, I propose to find out what fasteners for PVC windows can be purchased at construction stores. There are many fasteners and such a variety is not accidental, since each variety is intended for one or another type of wall.

Window fasteners, according to the type of walls, are divided into the following categories:

For concrete walls;
for the installation of brick walls;
for installation in aerated concrete walls;
for fastening to wood.

By the way, with the use of the listed fasteners, a protective grille can be installed.

Fasteners for installation in concrete openings

Plastic double-glazed windows are installed in concrete openings by means of anchors or, as they are also called, frame dowels.

For reliable fixation of a heavy window in a concrete opening, it is customary to use anchors with a diameter of 8 or 10 mm and a length of 72 to 202 mm. The length and diameter of the hardware are selected taking into account the density of the wall - the more porous the concrete, the longer and thicker the anchor.

No matter how long and thick the anchors are, the strength of the finished result will depend on how carefully the hole is drilled. If the walls of the hole are broken as a result of unprofessional drilling, even the most reliable fixing hardware will not provide the necessary strength of installation.

Installation with anchors is carried out in two ways:

A hole is drilled in the profile and the anchor enters the concrete directly through the profile;
An anchor plate is attached to the profile and through the plate the window structure is fastened to the opening.

The first method is relevant if technological gap between the profile and the gap is small. If the distance between the profile and the opening is more than 1 cm, an anchor plate can be used, since the fasteners can be covered when finishing if plastic slopes are used.

Anchor plates are metal strips of a simple or complex configuration. Plain plates are ordinary perforated strips. Along with such devices, there are “crabs” - plates that cut into the profile, which simplifies the finishing of slopes.

Fasteners for installation in brick walls

Fixing plastic windows brick opening performed in much the same way as in . But there is one problem: if for installation in concrete, holes for the anchor in the profile can be drilled in advance, then in the case of brick walls holes are drilled in place, as you need to get into the center of the brick, and not into the seam of the masonry.

For installation in brick, the same frame dowel is used as for concrete walls, but with a length of at least 10 cm. A length of 10 cm is the minimum entry into the brick at which you can be sure that the fastening will not loosen or weaken when operation.

If you are sure that the brick is not hollow, and today this is rarely used, you can use dowels 6-8 cm long.

Fasteners for installation in wooden openings

The best option for installing windows in a wooden opening without a casing is self-tapping screws in combination with anchor plates. This type of fastening is equally good for log, lumber and frame buildings.

If a casing box is installed in the opening, installation can be done with screws directly through the profile. To install glazing in a wooden opening, I recommend using self-tapping screws with a length of at least 10 cm and a diameter of 8 mm. We screw in the screws in increments of 30 cm.

Fasteners for installation in aerated concrete openings

Aerated concrete blocks are characterized by low density, and therefore we choose special dowels for installation and perform installation with a small pitch between the screws.

The installation of glazing in aerated concrete walls requires detailed consideration, as more and more houses are being built using such blocks. That is why, in order to get acquainted with the installation technology, I offer a small photo report on the work done installation work Oh.

Installation of a plastic window in the walls of aerated concrete blocks

To perform installation work you will need:

perforated anchor plates(160×40 mm and 2 mm thick);
Plastic dowels (50×10 mm) for mounting in aerated concrete;
Universal metal self-tapping screws (60×6 mm);
Electric drill and drills in accordance with the diameter of the dowel;
Screwdriver with a set of bits;
water level;
Roulette and pencil.

Installation instructions are as follows:

If the perforation in the anchor plates does not match the diameter of the dowels, we drill holes, if the diameter initially matches, skip this step and proceed to the next one;

Along the perimeter of the profile, we fasten the anchor plates to the self-tapping screws so that the holes drilled for the dowels are located outside;

In order for the frame to be securely fixed in the opening, we mount the anchor plates on 2 self-tapping screws, which will prevent them from turning. In addition, the installation step should not exceed 30-40 cm.

We install the frame in the opening on plastic inserts and position it according to the level in the horizontal and vertical plane;

After the structure is aligned in the opening, we drill holes in the aerated concrete blocks in accordance with the perforation in the anchor plates;

For drilling aerated concrete blocks, it is not necessary to use a drill with a winning surfacing. Since aerated concrete is soft, it is quite possible to use the same drill that was previously used to drill out anchor plates. By the way, when drilling, we try not to pull the drill from side to side, since breaking a hole in aerated concrete is easier than ever, and as a result, the dowel will not stick to the wall.

We screw dowels into the drilled holes;

We screw self-tapping screws into the screwed dowels;

At the end of the installation work, we do not remove the liners from under the window, as they will provide additional stability to the structure.

From the spray gun, we abundantly moisten the technological gap between the opening and the profile;
We fill the technological gap around the entire perimeter with mounting foam, so that the excess applied foam comes out from the outside and the gap is completely filled;
After the foam has dried, the excess is cut off with a mounting knife on both sides of the profile.

By the way, how to attach a thermometer on the window and at the same time not make holes in the profile in vain?

It turns out that there is nothing complicated, just buy a special thermometer with Velcro on the glass. Thermometers with ears and mounting holes you need to mount not on plastic, but on wooden frames. But, if there is a thermometer with holes for screws, fix this device on the profile with short self-tapping screws - this will not harm the profile.

In conclusion, I note that if you don’t know how to fix the handle on the profile, you can also use small self-tapping screws that will go through the PVC and will be held in the metal.

Conclusion

Now you know how to install a PVC window block in an opening of walls of different composition. I hope that the suggested instructions were useful to you. If you have any questions, as usual, ask them in the comments to the text. Also, don't forget to watch the video in this article.

Every reader of the site knows that no matter what material the windows are made of, they help keep the heat in the house and emphasize the individuality of any home. Therefore, the installation process should be treated with special attention. After all, even the most expensive and energy-efficient window design loses all its advantages if it is installed incorrectly. In this article, our experts tell you how to properly install windows in a wooden, frame and stone house.

Wooden, stone and frame houses And country houses have a number design features. Since they affect the technology of window installation, any developer should be aware of them.

From our article you will learn:

How to prepare for the installation of a window structure;
What stages of work precede the installation process;
What features should you be aware of in order to install windows in wooden, frame and stone houses;
How to install a wooden window with your own hands - how different is its installation from installing a plastic window;
How is the protection of mounting joints;
How to control the installation process.

Preliminary preparation

Despite the seeming simplicity, installing windows at home is a process that requires a serious and responsible approach. After all, the quality of installation directly affects the level of comfort in the house. Here's where the process starts:

Anton Karyavkin Head of the technical center of the REHAU company, Moscow.

First of all, you need to carefully prepare: read the instructions and existing regulations installation, get the right tools.

A set of a professional installer has about a hundred different "tools". It is not necessary to have all of them, but without a basic kit, it will not be possible to install a translucent structure. It includes: puncher, screwdriver, foam gun, chisel, hammer and screwdrivers.

When choosing tools, it should also be borne in mind that window installation involves a wide range of additional work.

These include:

Plastering slopes in stone buildings;
Seam and thermal insulation device;
Installation of a window sill and additional accessories.

The main thing to remember is that the installation technology directly depends on the material of the walls of the building.

Anatoly Gavrysh Head of the design bureau of the company "Fabrika Okon"

The type of house significantly affects the procedure for window installation. In houses where there is significant shrinkage (most often in wooden ones), a casing floating box with compensation gaps is used. In other types of houses window mounting has the same schema.

Installation of wooden windows in frame house with your own hands.

We install wooden windows with our own hands

Developers believe that PVC installation and a wooden window exists a big difference but experts disagree.

Anatoly Gavrysh:

There is practically no difference between the installation of a plastic and a wooden window. The only slight difference is different elements fasteners.

Do-it-yourself installation of a wooden window should be carried out more carefully. And in each case, an individual approach is required.

Alexander KorpachevHead of the installation department of the company "Business-M"

Even windows in the same house can have their own characteristics. Therefore, in the work it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of GOSTs, namely:

Mounting window seams - with vapor-permeable self-expanding tapes;
Specifications, GOST R 52749-2007;
Assembly seams of knots and adjunctions of window blocks to wall apertures;
Are common specifications, GOST 30971-2002;
window blocks- made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profiles. GOST 30674-99.

In general terms, the installation consists of the following steps:

Opening preparation;
window preparation;
Installation;
Finishing work;
Finishing.

Anatoly Gavrysh

I would like to dispel the illusions about the ease of installation of both plastic and. To do it yourself, you definitely need certain skills and special equipment, since correct installation is of decisive importance in how well and how long the new window structures will last.

In detail, the installation of both plastic and wooden windows is done as follows:

1. Window openings are cleaned of dust and dirt.

2. Windows are installed in the opening and wedged with small plastic or wooden corners strictly according to the level.

Corners are necessary to form a clearance (reserve) between the frame and the opening. Along the perimeter - between the window and the opening, it is recommended to lay a technological gap for foaming with a width of 20 mm. At the bottom of the window - under the window sill, it is recommended to lay a margin of 35 mm.

3. The design is fixed.

Fixation is carried out using dowels or special mounting gear plates. If the window is fastened through with self-tapping screws, then before that, holes for the anchor are marked and drilled in the opening. The number of attachment points depends on the size of the window and on average ranges from 40 to 70 cm. An indent of 12-15 cm must be laid from the corners of the frame.

4. Foaming of the seams between the window structure and the opening is carried out.

To save foam, if the gap exceeds 40 mm, it can be filled with insulation - polystyrene foam, etc.

5. The foam is closed with vapor and waterproofing tapes.

The vapor barrier is glued around the entire perimeter of the window structure from the inside (from the side of the room), and the waterproofing film - from the outside, from the side of the street. After foaming, the protective strip is removed from the tape, and the foamed seam is closed.

6. Additional elements are installed in their place from the outside - flashings and platbands (if the installation takes place in wooden houses).

7. The fittings are being adjusted.

Features of installing windows in a wooden, frame and stone house

Anton Karyavkin

Installing windows in buildings made of rounded timber is the most difficult. This is due to a change in the design wooden houses from manufacturer to manufacturer.

If developers, when installing windows in a wooden house, use different breeds wood, it is almost impossible to predict the behavior of the material - every time you have to study everything from scratch. The deformation of logs in such buildings can be quite large: from 8 to 15 cm. The house shrinks, so not a single window in such conditions can remain operational for a long time.

Proper windows in a wooden house.

Here is what we can do to protect structures from possible deformations caused by wall shrinkage using the old carpentry method:

Anton Karyavkin

The most responsible builders start cutting an opening in the timber walls only a year or even two after the construction of the house. During this time, it is possible to track all deformations, taking into account the characteristics of the material and the climatic features of the region.

After the opening is cut, a rough box is inserted into it, also known as a "pit" or "casing", into which the window structure can then be laid.

Alexander Korpachev

In all wooden houses, when installing windows, it is necessary to use casing or pigtails - a wooden box that levels the load on the frame.

Between the upper part of the window opening and the box, a technological margin of 30 to 70 mm is usually left. After installation, the stock is filled with insulation and closed with platbands on both sides.

Anton Karyavkin

The box is made of wooden blocks 50-80 mm thick.

Despite the fact that the box quite effectively perceives the deformation of logs, the assembly joints in this type of building still remain movable. Here it is important to choose the right mounting foam - it should not collapse when the walls shrink. Such correct foam can be found on the market, but it is relatively expensive. Therefore, experts often replace it with other materials, mainly plant origin(tow). Of course, the tape and coating materials needed to protect the construction joints must also have high class deformation stability.

Glued laminated timber shrinks much less than solid logs. Eventually glued laminated timber less deformed than a conventional log.

But installing windows in a wooden house with your own hands is still difficult.

How to lay a window in a frame house

Wooden windows can also be installed in a frame house, but plastic windows are most often used. The control of the installation of any windows at all stages should be checked using a level or plumb line, and the horizontal and vertical deviation should not exceed 1.5 mm per meter.

Anton Karyavkin

The process of installing windows in a frame house is much simpler than in a wooden one. You will still have to face the deformations of the window opening, but they are no longer so significant.

As fasteners, it is better to use anchor plates. Mounting on building screws is not recommended: they fix the box, and the deformation of the tree, in turn, can cause damage to the windows.

How to install a window in a frame house

It is important to remember that when installing a plastic window in a frame from a room, it is necessary to wrap it in window hole. This is necessary in order to connect the window vapor barrier circuit with the room vapor barrier circuit.

Brick different types, concrete, aerated concrete blocks- these are standard Construction Materials. The technique in stone houses has been worked out for years. Fastening is carried out using dowels and construction screws, the use of anchor plates is also allowed.

Anton Karyavkin

In some cases, the installation technology may be influenced by design decisions that require taking into account the linear dimensions of structures and wind load in the region.

Protection of mounting joints and stages of control of installation work

Regardless of the material of the walls, it is necessary to provide protection polyurethane foam from ultraviolet radiation and atmospheric moisture. Otherwise, it will become loose and lose its properties over time. To protect it, special insulating tapes and sealants are used. The latter are good because they allow you to close any gaps and irregularities, unlike mounting tape, which requires perfect flat surface no dust.

Glad to be of service to you again, my friends!

After examining my windows in a wooden house, I came to the conclusion that it was time to replace them. I have not yet encountered such a process, so the absence practical experience I made up for it with the help of other people's knowledge: I “overlooked” a bunch of forums and websites, through friends I found people who had already done similar work. After he made a number of conclusions and determined the algorithm of his actions when reinstalling windows. Next, I will state everything sequentially.

First of all, I measured the windows and ordered new ones, reporting the exact dimensions. While the order was being fulfilled, I started dismantling the old frames, and then cleaning the openings from accumulated debris. Upon receipt of the windows, he installed window sills and prepared double-glazed windows for installation. He put the structures in permanent places and fixed them. Of course, in reality, the process was not so fleeting and easy, but there is nothing overwhelming in it - I did it and you will succeed.

The technology of installing a plastic window in the opening of a wooden house

When installing plastic double-glazed window in the pigtail of a house made of wood, you can’t do without a level and a plumb line - if you want the window sashes to move smoothly, not open under their own weight, or jammed. Then never fix the window without making sure - not by eye, but by level, that it is level.

So that the work in connection with inserting the window into the opening and leveling does not go down the drain, it is necessary to fix the leveled structure with mounting fasteners.

Most best option- 6 pieces for each window. They can be ordered in the same place where you give an application for the manufacture of double-glazed windows.

Under these fasteners on each side of the window there are technical slides, so there will be no difficulties with the correct placement of the plates. Each plate has holes for self-tapping screws. Is it possible to do without plates? Yes, if you want to drill through the frame when attaching it, which will cause depressurization of the chambers in the profile. Personally, I am against such barbarity - I need windows not only for beauty, but also for reliable protection from cold and moisture. And to the installers, if you do not install them yourself, also tell them to install the windows according to the rules. Only in this case, the expectations from plastic double-glazed windows in a wooden house will be fully justified.

I strongly advise you to remove the window sashes from the frame before installing it in the opening. This will not take much time, but it will save a lot of effort: without them, it will become much easier and it will be easier to direct it to the right place.

Algorithm for installing a double-glazed window in the opening wooden house:

inserting the structure into the pigtail, insert wood chips 2 centimeters thick under the lower frame;
using the water level, determine the quality of the installation;
achieve the desired indicator by laying additional chips;
align the frame vertically with the same pieces of wood;
having determined the most optimal position, fix the frame on the pigtail with self-tapping screws, inserting them into the holes on the mounting plates.

When screwing in each self-tapping screw, do not hit the crest of the log against which the pigtail rests. To avoid loosening the self-tapping screw, screw it in slightly at an angle.

After fixing the frame, foam it along the contour only after hanging the sashes - they will prevent it from deflecting under the pressure of the hardening mounting foam. If the sashes are not installed before this, then later there will be problems with the movement of the vents, even in a perfectly installed frame.

At the end of the frame alignment horizontally and vertically, a gap of 2 cm thick should remain on each side of the entire structure - for foam filling. The height of the distance between the top panel of the pigtail and the first log is not less than 5 and not more than 15 cm - the gap will prevent wood pressure on the windows after shrinkage of the log house.

Before pouring the foam, a control check of the correct installation of the entire structure is necessary. They are guided by the “behavior” of the open sash: it should not go further on its own than it was opened, or try to return back, obeying its own weight, and not you.

Here is such a short educational program turned out on the topic of installing a plastic double-glazed window in a wooden house. I hope that my advice will help you in your noble and exciting work.

Self installation

I wanted to put plastic windows in my country wooden house. Everything that will be described below is a verbal summary of my experience in self-assembly double-glazed windows in a house from a bar.

Why did I decide to do my own window installation?

There are several reasons:

for installation, you will have to pay up to 50% of the cost of the window itself (you can buy a third one for the saved money for 2 installed on your own);
almost all companies that provide window installation services in wooden houses do not give any guarantees for their work;
no need to pay for a service that any owner is able to provide to himself for 2 hours of work.

In order for the installation result to please for many years, you need to follow the step-by-step algorithm of actions recommended below.

Removing old windows

Regardless of who will install brand new double-glazed windows in a wooden building - you or invited workers - installation of new structures is permissible only on a rigid foundation. I was lucky: in our house, window frames were changed a couple of years ago, so the wood turned out to be flawless. That is, I did not find any wormholes, rot, cracks, dents and chips on it. Therefore, when ordering double-glazed windows, I indicated the dimensions of the new windows, taking into account that the boxes will remain. If, in your case, the condition of the frames turns out to be not very good, but thrift will not allow you to throw them away, then the dismantled can be put into a mini-greenhouse as a basis.

Not sure how good and bad the boxes under your windows are? All the same, do not allow yourself or your employees to break them out “with meat”. You can always use firewood. The same applies to glasses: there is no certainty that they will not crack during dismantling, so take them out first - there will also be a use for them. I was lucky again: the frames were still strong, so the structures were taken out without removing the glass.

How to prepare a place

Go around the entire perimeter of the frame with a dry brush or a clean rag to sweep away everything left after dismantling.

Window sill installation

First on permanent place determine plastic window sill , which is "imputed" to serve as the basis for the rest of the structure. Hence the “legs grow” of the requirement to install it perfectly evenly and horizontally. To determine how correctly it is installed in a vertical and horizontal position, the usual building level will help. To adjust its location, taking into account the level readings, use chopped strips of plastic or slivers (the latter only if they have been treated with an antiseptic). For the stability of the window sill, make a notch on each side of the box, going deep into the wood by 8 millimeters.

Fix the window sill with self-tapping screws, screwing it to the bottom of the window frame. Fasteners are placed with a two-centimeter indent from the outer end of the window sill and with a mandatory substrate for each washer. It will not allow the self-tapping screw to break through the canvas, if you overdo it when tightening the fasteners. Do not worry that the fasteners will spoil the overall impression - they simply will not be visible.

How to prepare a double glazing

I recommend that you install the handle before starting installation work. But the film can be removed later - so there is less chance of leaving unattractive stripes on the plastic surface. You need to tear off the adhesive strip only at the place where the handle is installed. When placing the lever on the sash, hold it with the long part parallel to the window sill.

After installing the window, this position of the handle will correspond to the mode of opening the entire sash towards itself. When moving the handle end down, the sash will be locked, up - only the narrow upper part of the window can completely move away from the frame panel.

Having fixed the handle on the panel with a pair of bolts, you need to turn it end down. On the side racks, mark out the holes for the fasteners with which the window will be held within the frame.

Window installation

We put the assembled structure in the opening, making sure that from both vertical edges the intermediate distance from the frame to the sides of the double-glazed window is the same (about a centimeter). At the same time, remember that the horizontal direction is set by the window sill previously fixed in the correct position. If it is inconvenient to use the level due to the presence of decor on the outside of the wall, then use a plumb line.

While the person helping you will hold the frame, you must wedge a centimeter-wide spacer bar between the box and the window frame. Their presence is necessary for the stability of the fixed structure at the moment of connection of the double-glazed window with the frame with self-tapping screws. If you are too lazy or forget about the bars, you can provoke the window to go to the side in the process of fixing. As a result, then the sash will be difficult to open and close.

After wedging the bars and placing the double-glazed window strictly according to the level indicators, fix the inserted structure in the box with self-tapping screws, not forgetting to screw them on each of the four sides.

When introducing a self-tapping screw, you need to ensure that its location takes place in the free space between the window and the box itself.

Then, during periods when the house “walks” under the influence of climatic influences and seasonal shifts, the windows in it will not warp.

Installing a window in a wooden house using a self-expanding tape in the video:

How to install double-glazed windows in a wooden building?

First, take care of maintaining the patency of the drain holes - install adjusting plates between them, which will prevent condensation from accumulating from the window. Then insert the double-glazed window into the opening of the box so that there is free space around the entire perimeter between the two structures. It is necessary to maintain the integrity of the glass in the frame when the box will lead in the spring or winter after the house.

In the case of a tight fit of the double-glazed window to the box (minimum gap of 5 mm), file a claim with the manufacturer of the structure. A decent contractor in response should offer an appropriate solution to the problem.

After inserting the double-glazed window into the box and aligning the first on four sides with respect to the last, fix its location with plastic glazing beads with profile spikes. These "spiky" strips are very easy to install: it is enough to advance them with small taps into the openings. When the spikes of the glazing bead reach the grooves, you will hear a characteristic click.

Having achieved a fixed and correct placement of the double-glazed window in the box, fill the voids between these two structures with mounting foam, processing the cracks from the inside and outside.

Remove any hardened excess with a pruning knife.

After making sure that the work has been carried out correctly: the grooves are closed, the wings move only under the pressure of your hands, you can proceed with the installation of additional fittings, platbands and drainage systems.

Safe Installation Rules

All the difficulties with installing windows in wooden houses have one root: instability wooden structures throughout the entire operating period. Without taking into account this factor in the process of installing plastic structures, even window or door, it is quite possible to find yourself in a situation where the new “carpentry” fails without even a year of work.

How are wooden houses different from others? Wood loses a lot of moisture in the first years after the construction of the log house. A year, as some say, is not enough for the final drying process. In the best case, the walls of the house will take the final size in the sixth year after their construction. But in some regions, the process of "walking" houses never ends.

On average, the height of the wall can decrease by 4-5 cm. And what will happen to the double-glazed window, which was installed in the box in such a way that there were only 2-2.5 cm between the sides of these structures? Do the owners of wooden houses need to forget about the dreams of plastic windows? Of course not. You just need to follow a number of technical recommendations.

First: do not neglect the casing. It is also called a pigtail. Thanks to it, any windows gain independence from the impact, within reasonable limits, of the bearing walls of the building. Whether they shrink or acquire some curvature, this will not affect the integrity and functionality of the window.

Are common specifications casing:

protect the logs from moving away from the vertical in the area of the window opening;
does not resist vertical shrinkage of the wall;
takes over all the loads;
contributes to the strength of the wall in the zone of the window opening.

What is a siege? The most common option is to make square vertical grooves with a side of 5 cm at the ends of the logs and then seal them with bars of the same size. But such processing of the walls around the opening is only suitable for preparing a place for wooden windows. To prepare an opening for plastic double-glazed windows at the ends of the logs, you need to make a comb, and then install a window carriage with a groove on it. The presence of a ridge and a groove will ensure that the logs slide without harming the window frame.

What is a window carriage? This vertical bars with parameters 15x10 cm, with notches at the edges. The depth of the cuts is 5x5 cm, they are made for inserting jumpers crowned with spikes at the ends in the form of boards 15x5 cm.

The assembled casing is 7-8 centimeters below the window opening. Such a gap is left due to the possible shrinkage of the wall. When the pigtail is assembled in the opening, it is then covered with rolled tow, and gun carriages are stuffed on top. After such a procedure, neither squeaks from shrinkage, nor drafts from under the window are terrible.

Then you need to make a lower jumper and also fill the gun carriages on the comb with tow. Insert the upper jumper into the hole from above, and then lower it into the groove. Then reinforce the structure with self-tapping screws, making sure that they do not touch the ridge - this is important for maintaining the relative freedom of the resulting structure. After all the gaps found between the pigtail and the walls must be filled with tow.

Metal-plastic double-glazed windows can also be inserted into such a design, without fear that they will jam when the house shrinks. When installing, do not forget that noise, heat, and vapor barrier also need to be taken care of.

The gap between the log house and the casing made must be filled with thin planks with wound tow fibers.

When the house begins to shrink noticeably, knock out the planks to replace them with new ones. To facilitate this process, I strongly recommend attaching the upper casing only to the casing. It will take - carefully remove it, change the filling, fix it in place.

When I taught seminars, I often encountered bewilderment about the need for a window fitter to understand the technology of building wooden buildings. And what is strange about this? Without this, the installer will not be able to install the window in such a way that it will serve for years without any complaints. In other cases, you can not do without casing.

If you are hired to install plastic double-glazed windows in a wooden house, find out if there is a casing. If it is not there, and instead of a pigtail there will be a box of an old window, tell the owner that he has two ways. Either he agrees to modernize the window opening for casing and windows smaller than planned, or the person will receive windows in old frames without casing, but without your guarantee for a quality result. Since even old wooden houses are always “walking” and resisting this, or rather, this factor should always be taken into account when installing windows. And do not forget to indicate in the contract that you disclaim any responsibility for the future life of the windows.

We put plastic double-glazed windows in a private house

Remember: everything wooden buildings give shrinkage. And this fact must always be taken into account when installing plastic double-glazed windows in a log house.

The strongest shrinkage processes of wood occur in the first two years after the completion of the construction of the log house. Each meter of masonry shrinks by 1.5 cm. And this is a very large value to ignore when equipping a wooden house with plastic windows.

Why do they do a squabble?

The durability of the operation of the plastic window and the level of comfort during use depend on how professionally the casing is carried out. It provides the window with a safe position during the period when the house is once again slightly deformed due to fluctuations under the influence of changes in humidity or temperature.

What is a siege? This is a box made of thick boards. It is inserted into the window opening, fixed according to a certain technology, and only then they are engaged in installation PVC insulating glass. The box itself is held inside the opening with the help of side grooves.

In the process, one cannot rely on the technical qualities of mounting foam, other fixing methods.

Between the structure and the upper lintel of the window opening, a gap must be left, the value of which should be greater than the expected shrinkage of the wooden wall.

How to make a pigtail:

inserting wooden beams into specially made grooves (then self-tapping screws will be screwed into the beams);
sawing thorns on the edges of logs in window opening and the formation of grooves in the sides of the box (experts call this technique "into the deck");
spikes are made in the sides of the structure, the ends of the logs of the window opening are equipped with grooves.

The nuances of preparing a window opening

Do not be intimidated by the work of installing plastic double-glazed windows in a wooden building. If you follow the correct algorithm, you can insert with your own hands modern window in a log house of any age.

First of all, determine the distance to the window from the floor. Most convenient option if the window sill is slightly higher than the horizontal plane of your desk. If there is none nearby, then be guided by a distance of 80-90 cm.

The lower, upper boundary of the window opening is determined using the water level. The top line should run 13 +1.5 cm above the upper border of the double-glazed window, the difference on the sides should be 12-14 +1.5 cm. Leave one and a half centimeters of allowance for sealing cracks with construction foam.

Having decided on the size of the opening, take measurements for the future window. Observe the utmost accuracy both when installing the casing and when taking parameters for the design of the double-glazed window itself. Quality measurement is one of the most important nuances, affecting the quality of all subsequent work on the installation of a double-glazed window in a window opening.

After bringing the opening to the desired condition, start studding the ends of the logs facing the window. The draft window is trimmed with jute from the sides and bottom. Do the casing only from well-dried wood, sawn into bars. Make connections with self-tapping screws, and cover the convergence points with sealant at the joints. Fill the gaps in the pigtail with tow.

See the video for casing and pigtail when installing PVC windows in a wooden house:

Installation nuances

Ready metal-plastic construction placed after ideally pulling out in the foreground or deepening into the wall. The main product is fixed with self-tapping screws, screwing them into specially prepared grooves.

It is permissible to install a house in an ordinary wooden, but not from a bar, plastic window any configuration, if you know how to properly fit, take measurements and select the appropriate fittings.

When picking up tools and other material, do not take self-tapping screws longer than 12 cm. Such “stings” will definitely go behind the pigtail and dig into the main building, which is unacceptable given the mobility of a wooden house.

For waterproofing the external joint, you can use an acrylic sealant without additional components in the composition, a sealing tape that self-expands after being placed in place, or a conventional vapor-permeable one. Such protection will extend the life of the mounting foam and prevent the formation of drafts.