Swinging and automatic entrance gates to the yard. Description of gates and gates: their classification and photo Gates at the house made of wood and iron

Every new a private house inevitably, over time, it acquires a gate and a fence. At the same time, the gates of a private house often become a visiting card, and better than any characteristic they tell about the preferences of the owners of the estate. A simple design is designed to close the passage to adjoining territory and at the same time impress guests and passers-by.

Which gate for a private house is best suited

Traditionally everything existing types The gates of a private house or estate are divided into several main types:

• Classic designs, huge and expensive. Always remembered unusual design and excessive, even ostentatious power;
• Stylish and beautiful gate schemes for a private house. Such designs do not differ in size or height of the valves, but they work like a Swiss watch, silently and smoothly;
• An ordinary gate for the vast majority of normal people who have a building at the entrance to a private courtyard country house serves quite prosaic purposes - to protect personal space from prying eyes and uninvited guests.

For your information! In addition to the division depending on the status, gate structures in private households today are divided into two large groups- automatic and conventional, without drives and push-button panels.

The bulk of the gates are designed and installed by profile companies engaged in the manufacture of gates both privately for individual orders and mass production of standard designs, inexpensive and practical.

Ordinary and unusual gates for a private house

The greatest impression is made by products made according to individual projects. Most often, in such a design, they try to combine massive oak beams, wrought and thick iron, stone and red brick. The most valuable material in all this piling up is the work of real artists, for example, blacksmiths, casters, carvers, or simply designers.

At the same time, heavy leafs of swing gates stylized in antique or oriental ornaments are always made with an electromechanical drive and remote control.

Individual gate designs

The most common material used to make the entrance structures of a private house is forged metal and cast iron. From the photos below you can clearly see how much work and skill has been invested in the design.

In some cases, the owners of a private house simply build the most durable and reliable metal gates, approximately the same as in the photo.

Wooden gates are very beautiful. Wood is ideal for making and decorating input structure, especially if the estate and private territory are stylized antique. In such cases, the canopies and the upper edges of the wings are finished with black wrought iron to give modern style a bit of a medieval touch.

Heavy gates are built according to classical scheme- the steel frame is upholstered with a board, polished and tinted to look like oak or mahogany. At proper processing wood construction made of oak or walnut timber can stand for several decades.

It is not necessary to use valuable types of wood to build rough hewn gates, although this design option is ideal for a country private estate. Due to the good machinability of the material, it is possible to produce small, but very elegant wooden gates, as in the photo, without using stone or metal as supporting structures.

The popularity of tinted wood in private housing construction is such that, in addition to the usual fences, more modern sliding and even rolling gate structures are often built from it.

Stylish gate for the house

If the entrance gate has to be used often enough, more practical owners prefer to install simple and reliable gates on private property. automatic structures swing or retractable type.

The larger the territory of the site, the smaller and more compact the gate, especially if the courtyard of a private house is separated from the entrance to the territory by a small garden, lawn or flower garden. In this case, completely open and "transparent" types of gates are used, for example, forged or half gates, the height of which barely reaches 150 cm.

Gate for the private territory of an ordinary person

The closer the porch of a private house is located to the gate or fence, the more often they try to make the gate opaque and impenetrable. For modern private urban developments, they usually choose practical panel systems based on a steel frame and sandwich panels. This design is very unpretentious in maintenance, thanks to the effective protective coating the service life reaches 20 years, but the most important thing is that double walls made of profiled sheet with a layer of mineral filler quite effectively dampen noise and sounds from the roadway outside the house.

The relatively low weight of structures made of profiled sheet allows you to install an automatic drive on the swing leaves or use a more convenient sliding system.

Experts do not recommend installing swing systems in a private house if the exit outside the territory is very close to the roadway. First, opening swing gates they always close part of the view to the driver and pedestrians, which creates a risk of injury or collision, and secondly, in winter, the reliability of such systems is much inferior to cantilever-type structures.

For private households located outside the city, on suburban area or in country house the most appropriate would be simple and pretty picket gates. In this case, it is not necessary to make them two meters high. For a summer residence, a low fence with a gate and a gate is sufficient. Such a fence will not be carried away and local “well-wishers” will not try to break it, especially since a high fence is not a guarantee of security, it only hides the territory of a private house from prying eyes.

If you are planning to make a gate with your own hands, you will need step-by-step instructions that will help you calculate all the nuances of the work and facilitate the process of creating them.

Before buying the necessary materials, decide on the type of gate that is suitable for a particular case, and a convenient way to install it.

Types of structures

There are many types of gates, which can be made of different materials, equipped with special mechanisms. Wide choose allows you to create home-made gates based on the characteristics of the room or territory, your needs and the frequency of operation.

Before making a gate, you should study the main types of structures that are popular.

Sliding

Sliding canvases are divided into several categories. Depending on your preferences, you can choose the desired option. For each type of construction, it will be necessary to free up free space along the fence so that the sash can open freely.

There are console sliding structures , suspended and retractable. The structure of such canvases involves moving along rails and other metal profiles.

Hanging options are not popular for operation on private territory, since the height of the check-in is limited by the upper profile, on which the canvas is fixed. The movement of the valves also occurs along this profile.

Some owners country houses establish fan structures, which received such a name due to their appearance.

Retractable canvases, which move along a rail located along the wall, are also not popular in snowy and northern cities.

In order for the sash of sliding structures to move freely along the rail, it will be necessary to constantly remove ice and other debris, which is not always comfortable in winter.

Cantilever leafs are considered the most optimal design of sliding gates. The canvas is rigidly attached to the beam, which moves along the cantilever unit and moves the sashes behind it. Despite the fact that the structure of products is complex, they work perfectly in the winter season, as the sash does not come into contact with the ground.

Tilt and turn

This design is ideal for garage conditions. They are not suitable for installation in the yard, as the gate limits the height of the ride. The canvas should function freely by raising and shifting the sash under the ceiling of the room.

Swing

Such designs with a door are often installed in the private sector on a fence. Swing gates are based on pillars, two of which are located at the width of the canvas, and the third pillar is located next to the gate, if it is next to the structure.

Rolled

These designs have recently appeared on the market. Gates are made of steel strips, which are combined into a flexible sheet. When it is necessary to open the gate, they begin to roll up and wind around the shaft. This solution allows you to drive close to the room.

folding

Folding gates are known to many under the name "accordion". The opening of the canvas can be carried out up and sideways. Gaskets are placed between the metal meshes. Widespread designs, the opening of which is made up.

Manufacturing features

Each type of gate has its own design features. Before proceeding with the manufacturing process, you should study the structure of the canvas and work out an action plan. Swing gates are not among the exceptions in this matter. Do-it-yourself swing-type gates from corrugated board can be done even by a beginner who has not previously worked with metal products.

To make products, you will need skills in working with a drill, welding, a screwdriver, a construction tape measure and a grinder. The design of products is created in such a way that the exploitation of free space should be accompanied by maximum functionality. For the reliability of the gate, roller blocks are responsible, which are located in the lower part of the profile beam and move by opening or closing the leaves.

There are several features of this type of gate that distinguish them from other designs:

• when assembling the leaf, push-button corner connectors are used, thanks to which it is possible to eliminate the sagging of the leaves during use;
• material fasteners are hidden, thereby preserving decorative properties gate. Also, this solution does not allow foreign objects to enter the space between the profile;
• the sashes are fastened using three-section hinges. Details allow you to extend the life of the structure.

When studying the drawings of a standard sheet made of a profiled sheet, you will notice that a frame made of a square metal profile is used as the basis for the design. Alternatively, a thick-walled pipe with a diameter of 30 mm is used.

To strengthen the sash, a metal vein is used. It must be horizontal. This reinforcement allows you to keep the geometry of the web.

You can fix the sashes with the help of electric welding or self-tapping screws for metal. Since the profiled sheet is light, two strong loops with a diameter of 20 mm will be enough for it. Pipes made of metal with a diameter of 60-100 mm can act as a bearing support.

The gate sashes are fastened on the basis of the fence, which is present on the site. If you are planning to install a brick fence, consider in advance installation of embedded seams between bricks. Hanging supports will be welded to them.

The optimal width of the entrance gate in a private area is 3 m. These dimensions are enough for a truck or car to enter the yard. The height of the gate must not exceed 2 meters.

As a locking mechanism, you can use pins in the shape of the letter "G". They should be located at the bottom of the sashes. Special clamps are dug into the ground, which are metal tubes whose diameter exceeds the thickness of the locking mechanism.

In order for the new gate to harmoniously fit into the overall interior of the site, you can use corrugated board to finish the frame part. As a rule, the material is attached to the web frame.

Keep a distance from the ground, which should be 50-70 mm.

Material selection

The type of material from which the gate will be made is influenced by the dimensions of the structure, its weight and other factors. Typically, sash frames are made of profile pipe with a section of 60x40 mm. Choose a metal whose thickness is 1.5-2 mm.

The size of the section is also dependent on the mass of the gate, but experts recommend making a choice based on the following indicators:

• if the total weight of the gate leaves does not exceed 150 kg, you can use a pipe with a cross section of 80x80 mm. The thickness of the metal should be 4 mm;
• at weight metal gate from 150-300 kg it is necessary to use a pipe with a section of 100x100 mm and a thickness of 5 mm;
• if the weight of the structure is more than 300 kg, you will be suitable iron pipes, the cross section of which is 140x140 mm with a material thickness of 5 mm.

To create racks, you can use brick, wood or concrete. When choosing a material, you should study the properties and its resistance in relation to the expected loads.

Loops can have adjustable or non-adjustable mechanisms. Make sure that the material of manufacture is of high quality, as the loops must support the weight of the web.

The lock may have a mechanical structure or function on the basis of electromechanics. The choice should be based on your preferences. You will also need paint for painting racks and sheathing from metal profiles.

Sheathing can be made from any material. Many people make profile sheathing, some owners of country houses choose combined options from wood and metal or PVC. For this purpose, any option that you like is suitable.

If you are planning to create automatic gate make the frame more durable. Automation can be installed immediately or later.

Dimensions

The best option is to build a gate at the same time as a fence. However, many people are faced with a situation where they need to expand the passage or replace an old product. In this case, you will need to make an accurate calculation of the future gate.

Taking measurements and calculating the required amount of material, take into account the coverage of access roads. If your area is equipped with an asphalt, concrete or tile surface, you can leave a gap of 5 cm. If there is grass on the road, increase the gap to 10 cm for comfortable opening of the gate.

Do not forget to leave a gap between the leaves so that in the future it will be possible to level the displacement of the supports.

Tools and accessories

Gates can have a variety of structures. Many people equip canvases with built-in gates for convenience. Before creating the gate, you will need to carefully consider how the finished canvas will look like, draw a diagram or design sketch. This decision will help you decide on the tools and materials that will be required to create the canvas.

The standard list of components for creating gates consists of the following items:

• sheathing for sashes, support pipes;
• reinforcement for creating stiffeners;
• a pipe from a profile or a square made of metal under the frame of the structure;
• soil, material for painting;
• latch, latches or shutter mechanisms;
• hinges for sashes, guide and closers if necessary.

You will also need the following tools:

• construction cord made of nylon;
• apparatus for welding;
• hammer;
• screwdriver or drill;
• electric grinder;
• special scissors for metal.

When planning a new gate, you will need to pay Special attention dimensions of the structure, the presence of a gate. Due to the large sashes, the mass of the entire structure increases, so the frame should be made of reinforced material.

How to do it yourself?

Gates are made in stages. The process is divided into two steps:

• installation of racks for hanging canvas;
• building swing gates.

You can replace the stages, but the posts for the gate structure must stand for at least seven days, after which you can hang a frame on them. In order not to waste time in vain, you can start welding.

Installation of supports

Supports can be made from:

• profile pipe;
• concrete pillars. Can buy ready product or fill it yourself;
• brick or natural stone.
• wooden beam.

Mounting supports can be carried out using the following methods:

• driving. The depth of driving should be about 1.5 meters. This method is considered the fastest and most economical. When choosing this method, you should carefully monitor the level so that the gate does not warp;
• reinforced concreting. You will need to strengthen the pillar with concrete.

Step-by-step instruction for the installation of supports:

• if you decide to do concreting, you will need to drill a pit with a minimum depth of 1 meter. Drilling must be done with a drill with a diameter of more than 200 mm.
• the depth of the pit will depend on the degree of soil freezing in your area. The width of the sides can be determined using the quality of the soil and the size of the support itself.
• create a cushion for concrete with a height of 150-200 mm. It should consist of sand and gravel. The pillow is used to exclude the deepening of the racks;
• then you need to mount the post and align it with building level. After leveling the support, you can start pouring;
• the concreted structure should withstand within a week. This is the minimum time required for concrete to harden. Do not forget to periodically wet the concrete with water to prevent cracks;
• to increase the reliability of the supports, it will be necessary to reinforce and bring out a pair of reinforcing mortgages under the hinges.

Creation of sashes

Before you start building a structure, you should determine the location and appearance gate. The place where the products are installed can affect the appearance of all elements.

If you plan to install a gate in the backyard, at the entrance to the garden area, or create a fence for a future construction site, you will need to choose simple materials. For the front gate, you should choose more expensive and presentable products..

Universal guide for making gates with your own hands:

• prepare a drawing of the future design. Using the scheme, you can make an accurate calculation of the necessary materials;
• the frame for the gate must comply with the dimensions finishing. By observing this condition, you can simplify the entire process of work and will not encounter connecting seams on the front of the canvas;
• when making calculations, indicators of the working width of finishing materials should be used;
• to create components for the frame, you will need to cut the pipe desired length and polish it;
• sanding is required to remove rust from products. If oil is present on the metal, it can be removed with solvents.

Welding

When interacting with welding, do not forget about safety precautions. If you do not have enough experience, contact the experts. Using this method, you can improve the quality of work and get an attractive design.

Joints should be made in such a way that water does not flow into the pipe.. If the joints are not welded correctly, snow or water will get into the pipe, which in warm weather will begin to increase in volume. This will lead to the expansion of the walls of the product and the deformation of the entire structure.

If you cook the outer and inner frame, you will need to follow a checkerboard pattern. In this way, weld seam breaks due to thermal expansion can be avoided.

Stiffeners affect the resistance to wind loads. If you sew up the fence with a finishing material, weld the pipe in the middle part of the outer seam. In this way, you will mark the place of attachment of the sheathing material.

Welding loops should be made to the poles and to the frame. If you used bricks for the manufacture of pillars, and the reinforcement was not removed, you will need to fix the channel on the brick, and then proceed to welding the loops.

Primer

No matter what material you use to create the frame, it will require priming. The primer extends the life of the paint and makes the application process more comfortable. Welding points should be primed more carefully.

Frame coloring

Before painting, remove all dust from the frame. To paint the part, you can use any type of paint. Most people use a spray gun, as it guarantees a more even application of the layer. Using a brush delays the process, but reduces paint consumption..

With the help of this walkthrough you can make the gate yourself and simplify the process as much as possible.

How to install the gate with your own hands, see the following video.

Beautiful examples and options

A beautifully designed gate will draw attention to the site and demonstrate the good taste of its owner. Openwork fabrics are popular. Decorative sashes look expensive and sophisticated. The inner side of the structure can be sheathed with polycarbonate sheets. Externally, such gates look like a real work of art.

Products can be installed in the country or on suburban area. With patterned elements, you can show the individuality of your territory.

Stained-glass inserts at the entrance gate give the whole territory a spectacular and unusual look. Designs demonstrate their brightness and originality, attracting the attention of others. You can choose any design according to your imagination. The style of the idea should be combined with the rest of the design components.

If you want to give the site a more austere look, pay attention to the blind metal gates with forging elements. They will harmoniously combine metal with decorative ornaments. The chosen design will show the good taste of its owner and hide the territory from prying eyes.

On the site that borders the landings, you can install a gate from natural materials. Stone can be used for support. Such canvases look beautiful against the backdrop of nature. Natural ingredients will last a long time if you treat the surface with protective agents..

The strength of the gate is guaranteed by stone pillars. This design is convenient, since when replacing the main leaf, it will not be necessary to dismantle the entire gate.

Compact gate white color always attract attention. The white color scheme gives products lightness and weightlessness. Although the gates have a catchy color, they will be organically combined with the general style of the territory.

The design will attract the eyes of passers-by, as there is an opinion that only wealthy people can afford such gates.

Retractable products with original design will look good in the garden. They are able to save space on the site and will delight you with their modern style.

Many people equip the gate with wooden gates, which can be used not only as an entrance to the territory, but also for zoning the space.

Many people who are building their own country house are faced with the question of choosing an entrance gate that would be practical, convenient, reliable and at the same time very beautiful.

How to choose the right entrance gate?

The type and type of entrance gate is determined depending on the following factors:

• type of terrain;
• the size of the house and adjacent plot;
• the main purpose of the gate;
• the location of the street (road);
• the width of the carriageway of the street;
• gate location.

Consider the main parameters of the entrance gate and their varieties.

The main components of the entrance gate:

• sash frame;
• filler for sashes;
• mechanism and elements for moving the valves;
• load-bearing racks.

In most cases, the entrance gate width is 3 m, but not less than 2.4 m. To determine the optimal gate width in your particular case, you should be guided by the following recommendations:

• the distance between the outer edges of the road and the gate must be equal to or greater than the value of the minimum turning radius of the car, photo 1. If this condition cannot be met, the width of the gate should be increased to 3.5 ... 5.5 m or the gate should be moved deeper into the yard by 1.0 ... 1.5 m;
• on narrow streets with a carriageway width of less than 2.5 m, it is recommended to install gates with different leaf widths: one is long, when opened, it ensures the arrival of a passenger car, and the other is much shorter, when additionally opened, it ensures the passage of a truck, photo 2.
• to calculate the width of the gate, the turning radii of specific machines are taken or average data is used different types machines:

1. passenger cars - the minimum turning radius is 5 ... 6 m;
2. vans, trucks, or cars with a trailer - the minimum turning radius is 6 ... 7 m;
3. fire trucks with a ladder - the minimum turning radius is 9.25 ... 10 m.

The height of the gate is determined depending on the desire of the owner, but usually it is 1.6 ... 2.0 m.

Photo 1. Scheme for determining the width of the entrance gate, which depends on the minimum turning radius of the car and the width of the carriageway: a) turning radius passenger car; b) turning radius of the van (dimensions are in centimeters)

Photo 2. Sliding gates with wings of different sizes

Types of entrance gates depending on the sash opening system

In our time, the most common types of entrance gates are:

• retractable or sliding gates;
• hinged (folding) gates;
• folding gates.

swing gate

The principle of operation of swing gates is to open the leaves at an angle of 90 ° or more.

Swing gates can have different modifications:

• one or two leaf swing gates, photo 3;
• with hinged hinges or bearing supports;
• different type of opening drive: automatic (electric) or manual mode.

Photo 3. Swing gates: single-leaf (left) and double-leaf (right)

The design of swing entrance gates consists of the following elements:

1. Support pillars.
2. Gate frame.
3. Loops.
4. Stiffeners or (and) braces.
5. Sash filler (profiled board, sandwich panels, thin sheet steel).
6. Stopper, latches (for fixing the gate), lock.
7. Mechanism automatic opening gate (additional installation).

On photo 4 a diagram of a folding swing gate with corrugated board filler is given.

Photo 4

Worth knowing! For convenient operation of swing gates, it is recommended to install:

• limiter for fixing the shutters in the closed position;
• spring clamps that allow you to fix the gate leaves in the open position, without the possibility of their spontaneous movement;
• for comfortable use of the gate, an electric drive with the possibility of remote control is installed;
• in the event of a power outage, an emergency gate release system should be provided for free opening in manual mode.

Swing gates should be chosen if there is a large yard, the dimensions of which allow you to comfortably drive in, park the car and easily close the gate leaves without hindrance, photo 5. The single-leaf design of swing gates is used in cases where the yard is narrow and long.

Photo 5. Free length of the yard depending on the number of wings

Healthy! Here are some recommendations for installing swing gate hinges:

• for fastening swing doors, at least 4 hinges with a rod diameter of at least 12 mm are usually used. On photo 6a diagrams and options for the location of loops on the wings are given;
• to ensure a stronger fastening of the hinge to the doors and pillars, a small plate with a thickness of at least 5 ... 6 mm should be welded, photo 6b;
• the gap between the posts and sashes should be within 5 ... 15 mm, photo 6c;
• to prevent unauthorized removal of the leaves from the hinges, the hinges are welded in the opposite direction, photo 6g.

Photo 6. Fastening gate leaves with hinges

Benefits of swing gates:

1. Ease of installation.
2. High service life.

Drawbacks of swing gates:

• the opening zone takes up a lot of useful area of ​​the yard and it must be constantly free and cleared of snow (in winter).

sliding gate

essence sliding system consists in the fact that the gate consists of one leaf, which moves along the fence, photo 7.

Photo 7. General form sliding gate system

The sliding system of such gates is of three types:

• rail type system (also called "retractable on rails" - special rollers are attached to the gate leaf, which move along the guide rails), photo 8a;
• suspended or self-supporting system (a guiding mechanism with rollers is installed on a bearing post or a beam of a special profile is installed on top of the gate span and the leaf is moved in a suspended state by this mechanism), photo 8b. The disadvantage of the beam from above is the height limitation, which does not allow trucks to enter the gate opening;
• console type , photo 9 provides for the movement of the shutters thanks to the installed additional console. Depending on the design, the cantilever type gates are divided into subspecies, photo 9:

1. - beam from above;
2. - beam in the middle;
3. - beam from below.

Photo 8. Sliding gates: a) rail type system; b) self-supporting system

Photo 9. Cantilever sliding gates: a) general view; b) console beam from above; c) console beam in the middle; d) console beam below

The design of sliding gates consists of the following elements:

• guide post;
• foundation;
• movable carriage rollers;
• guide post;
• rail (monorail);
• limiter (rubber rebound);
• gate leaf;
• gate drive.

Sliding gates are installed under the following conditions:

1. it is not possible to install folding gates;
2. the distance between the garage and the fence is very small, and the site is wide;
3. the length of the fence is sufficient to accommodate the full length of the gate leaf.

Sliding gate advantages:

• compact size;
• can withstand strong wind loads;
• reliable and very easy to use;
• a wide range of designs and colors, photo 10.

Disadvantages of sliding gates:

• in winter, when snow falls, the operation of the system becomes more difficult;
• high price;
• do not require significant maintenance during operation.

Photo 10. Sliding gate texture and color options

Folding gate

A special feature of the folding gate is the telescopic leaf, i.e. the leaf consists of several parts that are sequentially closed or opened, photo 11. This type of gate is installed in a very small yard, where it is not rational to install other types of gates.

Typically, folding gates are installed in areas industrial enterprises and are characterized by high reliability, structural rigidity, high speed of opening and closing. But these gates are expensive.

Photo 11. General view of various folding gates

There are the following geometric shape of the placeholder, photo 12:

• built-in filler (can be built-in horizontal, vertical and at an angle);
• overlay filler (can be built-in horizontal, vertical and at an angle);
• overhead filler in the form of a comb;
• overhead filler with the comb tilted to the left or right;
• overhead filler with a top device in the form of an arc directed up or down;
• overhead filler with a top device in the form of a triangle directed up or down.

Photo 12. Different geometric shapes of fillers for entrance gates: 1 - built-in vertical filler; 2 - overhead vertical filler; 3 - overhead filler in the form of a comb; 4 - overhead filler with comb inclination to the right; 5 - overhead filler with a top device in the form of an arc directed down; 6 - overlay filler with a top device in the form of a triangle

Types of fillers for entrance gates

For entrance gates, the following types of fillers are used:

• sandwich panel;
• profile AG77;
• forging elements;
• steel sheets;
• wooden elements;
• polycarbonate products;
• steel or aluminum profile sheets;
• plastic lining;
• corrugated galvanized sheet (usually thickness 0.5 ... 0.7 mm);
• steel sheet metal 2 mm thick;
• combination different elements such as sandwich panel and profile.

Entrance gates with forging elements

Advantages of using gates with forging elements, photo 13:

• very beautiful aesthetic appearance;
• high service life;
• the ability to combine forging with other finishing materials, such as sandwich panels, carved wood.

Disadvantages of using gates with forging elements:

• high price;
• relatively difficult operation - periodically it is necessary to produce a complex painting of the metal of the gate.

Photo 13. Entrance gate options with forging elements

Benefits of using wood infill gates , photo 14 :

• with proper care, a long service life is achieved;
• beautiful aesthetic appearance;
• relatively inexpensive material.

Photo 14

Entrance gates filled with steel or aluminum profiled sheets

Aluminum profile sheets are highly resistant to corrosion damage. Steel profile sheets coated with a factory protective paint coating also have high resistance to corrosion.

Benefits of using doors filled with steel or aluminum profile sheets , photo 15 :

• a wide range of colors and type of profile: blinds, picket fence, weaving, typesetting board, etc.
• relatively low cost.

Disadvantages of using doors filled with steel or aluminum profile sheets:

• easily deformable material.

Photo 15. Gates filled with steel or aluminum profiled sheets

Benefits of using doors with sandwich panel core,photo 16 :

• sufficiently high rigidity of the gate;
• additional soundproofing of the yard and the house;
• high quality of the factory painting of sandwich panels ensures a long service life of the door paint coating;
• a wide range of colors, shades and patterns, photo 17.

Photo 16

Photo 17. Sandwich panels of various patterns

Gate opening (closing) system

Of course, the manual gate opening control mode is the most reliable method, but the automatic operation mode is much more convenient to operate, photo 18.

Photo 18. Automatic gate opening

With the help of an automatic electric drive, you can control the gate in several modes, namely:

• automatic control mode - when the car approaches the gate, the door automatically opens and closes;
• semi-automatic control mode - using the remote control is performed at a certain distance from the gate (control of opening, closing and other control functions of the gate).

It can be useful! Automatic control of the gate opening operation can have additional sensors and functions, for example:

• safe closing function (when sensors detect a foreign object in the gate opening, the closing of the gate will stop at a small distance from this object);
• sound or light accompaniment of the process of opening or closing the gate;
• locking or vice versa unlocking the gate in the event of a power outage.
• alarm function against unauthorized entry or burglary.

Almost all entrance gates can be equipped with a gate opening automation system, depending on the weight of the gate leaves, opening direction, supporting elements.

There are the following types of automation:

• linear worm, photo 19 A;
• linear hydraulic, photo 19 b;
• lever, photo 19 V.

Photo 19. Types of automation for entrance gates: a) linear worm; b) linear hydraulic; c) lever

The publication was prepared by an expert

Konev Alexander Anatolievich

When erecting fences around your land plot or when building a garage, the question will definitely arise how to make a gate with your own hands. Before purchasing materials and getting to work, you need to decide which of the existing species gate is optimally suited for installation in a particular case. Don't miscalculate in in all the nuances in advance, and choosing not the most best design, you can doom yourself to a completely unnecessary laborious process of clearing the territory for their installation.

That is why you need to start by studying the information and features of their design.

Today, there are three main types of gates - these are retractable, swing and up-and-over. All of them seriously differ from each other constructively, so it is worth considering each type separately.

swing gate

The simplest scheme in execution - swing gates

Swing gates with a gate built into them or installed next to them are a traditional scheme that is most often used in private homes. It is based on pillars, two of which are set to the width of the gate, and the third, if necessary, determines the width of the gate if it is arranged next to the gate.

Gate leaves and wickets in this design are mounted on hinges welded to the support posts. They can be fixed to the outside of the supports or the inside. It will depend on this and on the hinge system in which direction the gate leaves will open - inward or outward.

Swing gate leaves are most often metal frames welded from a corner or a profile pipe, which can then be sheathed different materials- thin metal sheets, corrugated board or wood.

The hinged version of the gate can also be made entirely of wood. In this case, on a reinforced frame made of timber, located with inside sashes, boards are fixed.

In the manufacture of sashes, it is important to remember that they should not be too heavy, so as not to put a large load on the supporting posts and hinges. The nodes and details of the suspension themselves in size and strength must correspond to the weight of the valves.

A closing device is installed on the gate leaf - it can be a deadbolt or hinges for a lock, and sometimes a powerful latch. When closing the gate, the leaves in the lower part, in the middle of the entrance width, rest against the installed limiter, and when they are wide open, they can be fixed with spring clips.

The disadvantages of this design include the possible tilt of the supporting pillars and sagging of the wings, but this can only happen if the installation technology is violated or the weight from the leaves is incorrectly calculated. Therefore, it is necessary to properly deepen the foundation of the supports, not to use too heavy material for the canvases and to install the hinges corresponding to them in size.

The advantage of swing gates can be called the relative compactness of their placement. The design does not require clearing extra bed along the fence, as will be necessary to do for other species.

Swing gate installation

If swing gates are of moderate weight, for example, if they are made of corrugated board, then they are well suited metal poles from pipes with a diameter of 80 ÷ 100 mm or a profiled pipe with the same size of the sides of its square section. Such supports will quite cope with their task. However, more massive pillars will do if they are easier to find.

Pillars-supports for gates are installed in two ways - by hammering and concreting.

• Pillars are usually hammered to a depth of 1.2–1.3 m. This method has many advantages, the main of which are sufficient reliability and speed of work.

Installation is as follows:

- a hole of the required diameter is drilled, approximately half the planned depth of the pillars.

- now the pillars must be fixed to or to stationary buildings located in the yard;

- after that, loops are welded to the posts, to the places previously marked by level;

- the assembled sashes are hung on the welded hinges, the correctness of their convergence in the center is checked.

• Concreting of pillars for installing gates gives increased rigidity and stability of the structure. Such supports will be required for wide or heavy sashes.

This method of installation is carried out without reinforcement or with the use of a reinforcing cup. Work is carried out in stages:

- first, a hole is drilled with a diameter of not less than 200-250 mm and a depth of 1.5-1.9 m. The exact size of the hole will depend on the section of the post.

- layers of sand and gravel are poured into the bottom of the pit and carefully compacted. Each of the layers should be about 100 mm;

- then a pole is installed in the pit, on a sand and gravel cushion;

- concrete is poured around it, and until the mortar has hardened, the column is set strictly vertically, fixed in this position with the help of props.

• If a reinforcing structure is used to fix the post, then the installation is carried out in the same way as without reinforcement, until the cushion is rammed for the installation of the post.

On the pillow, in the drilled hole, the so-called reinforcing glass is first laid, and a pole is inserted into it. Then concrete is poured into the hole. In this case, supports for the pole may not even be needed, since the reinforcing structure will hold it.

After the concrete has completely hardened and gained due strength, massive loops are marked and welded on the pillars. We must not forget about leaving gaps that will allow the doors to open and close freely, even with a possible slight tilt of the pillars due to the movement of the ground during snowmelt or long rains.

To avoid such deformations of the structure, it is possible to additionally fasten the pillars together with a beam welded to the lower parts of the pillars (it can be sunk into the ground). The frame will be even more rigid if equip it with an upper jumper, but in this case it will restrict travel for trucks or minibus.

Video: device and installation procedure for swing gates

Swing gate prices

swing gate

sliding gate

Sliding gates are subdivided into several subspecies, and from them you can choose the one suitable for certain conditions. But almost each of them will require free space along. Therefore, you may have to work harder to make room for the free movement of the movable sash when it is opened.

Sliding gates are cantilevered, suspended and sliding, which go along a rail or another metal profile(channel, I-beam, etc.).

Video: types of sliding gates

1. Hanging option not very popular for installation in the private sector, since the height of the entrance is limited by the profile installed on top, on which the door leaf is suspended and moves along it.

2. Sliding gates that run along a rail installed in the opening and along the wall are also not a very popular option, especially in snowy and cold regions. The gate will move freely along the rail if it is cleared of ice and various debris, but in winter, with snow drifts or icing, the leaf will not be able to open and close without prior clearing. This version of the gate is rather good for the southern regions, where snow does not lie for a long time and there are no severe frosts.

This is the only, but very important design flaw. Otherwise, it is very convenient in that it does not require a vast territory for opening and closing.

On the rack from the side into which the sash will open, rollers and brackets holding the canvas are installed in the upper part.

Rollers are also installed at the bottom of the mobile gate leaf, along which it moves along a rail or profile mounted on the surface of the earth.

3. Console - the most convenient option of all types of sliding gates, especially since they have several different designs from which you can choose the best one.

Such gates are rigidly fixed on the beam, which, moving in the cantilever assembly, moves the leaf leaf along with it.

Cantilever gates are more complex in design, but they work best in snowy winters, since their leaf never touches the ground. Another positive quality of this species can be considered that it does not have a height limiter, i.e. The area can be accessed by both cars and trucks. In the design of cantilever gates, powerful pillars-supports are installed not on two sides, but only on one side - it is in this direction that the sash will move when the passage is opened.

The cantilever beam can be located in three different positions - top, middle and bottom.

• by the most widespread an option is the location of the movable beam in the middle of the door leaf. Due to its location, it enhances the rigidity of the structure. The console mechanism with guide rollers is located at a sufficient height so that it is not covered with snow, which means that the gate will be in working condition at any time of the year.

• Cantilever gates with a movable beam installed at the bottom of the leaf are more vulnerable in winter and will require permanent care in the form of clearing from snow drifts and icing. Otherwise, this is also a convenient option, since the canvas does not come into contact with the ground, and it does not need to install a guide rail for it.

• In the third case, the beam passes along the upper part of the canvas and will always be safe from snow blockages, water, and debris. But this version of the cantilever gate requires a particularly rigid reinforcement of the frame and leaf, otherwise it may deform in the lower part.

Cantilever gates are quite affordable for manufacturing on their own, but only if the owner has certain skills in such work. understands assembly drawings, has basic knowledge in physics and mechanics. With maximum effort, you can make such a gate that will be impossible to distinguish from factory products.

Any cantilever gate can be opened if equipped with an electric drive and an electronic remote control system. This will allow the owner, without leaving the car, using the key fob to open the passage.

Installation of sliding cantilever gates

Installation of sliding or sliding gate- a much more complex event than the installation of a swing version.

On the sides of the passage, when arranging this type of gate, as a rule, brick pillars are installed on which rollers, supporting brackets and catchers will be mounted.

The main load always falls on the channel, which is installed on on a securely arranged foundation on the side of the gate where the leaf will be attached (if the console is located at the bottom) or on metal supports if the console is located in the center of the dense gate or at the top.

• The foundation for the installation of the channel can be solid or consist of 2-3 pillars. The second option is more economical. A pit is dug for the foundation - it can consist of one pit or two or three for a columnar type. The depth should be from 1.2 to 1.5 m, width - 40 ÷ 50 cm, and length - at least 1.5 m.
• Further, two pillows of sand and gravel are arranged in the pit, each 10 cm thick.
• Then, formwork is installed in the pit and placed in it waterproofing material- roofing material or dense plastic film.
• The reinforcing structure is fixed in the formwork, and then the finished concrete mortar with a strength grade of at least M-300
• A channel with fittings welded to its shelves is installed over the filled surface. The channel is pressed into the concrete with the shelves down until they are completely immersed. After the final hardening of the concrete, a reliable metal platform should be obtained. The gate can be installed no earlier than a month after pouring the foundation.
• The supporting frame is being made. For it, you need a metal corner or a square pipe with a cross section of 60 × 40 mm.
• Additional cross members are welded to the frame of the carcass, giving the required rigidity to the structure. At the location of the console (in this case, from below), a guide cantilever beam must be welded to the frame, with the help of which the gate will move along the rollers.
• Welded seams of the structure must be carefully cleaned of slag. The entire supporting frame must be primed and covered with paint for metal, which will keep it from corrosion.
• It is fixed, sheet metal or boards, depending on the chosen design of the door leaf.
• When the structure is ready, and the foundation with the installed cantilever channel has fully gained strength, you can proceed to the installation of the components and parts necessary to move the gate.

• Cantilever blocks equipped with rollers are installed on the finished foundation with a channel.
• Then the gates are rolled up on them, aligned strictly according to the level, and after that the blocks are welded to the channel.
• Then, the top and end rollers are installed and fixed.
• Towards the opposite support post the lower and upper catchers are fixed. They must be accurately calculated according to the location of the rolling rollers installed on the door leaf.
• Further, if planned, an electric drive is installed, but the gate may well open manually.

Video instruction for installation of cantilever sliding gates

As mentioned above, the cantilever beam can be installed not only from below, but also in the middle or at the top of the door leaf.

In the manufacture and assembly of this type of gate, accurate calculation of all parameters and careful observance of dimensions are especially important, since any error can cause deformation of the structure.

sliding gate prices

Sliding gates

Overhead gate

This type of gate is well suited for equipping a garage with them. They are not suitable for driving into the yard, as they will limit the height. Such gates should be easy to close and open by lifting and sliding the leaf to a horizontal position up, under the garage ceiling.

Overhead gate — perfect solution for garage

During opening or closing, the lower part of the sash protrudes slightly forward, outside the garage, That's why By installing a similar type of gate, you need to calculate how close you can fit the car so that it does not interfere with the opening process.

The canvas is made of a metal frame, which is sheathed, most often, with metal sheets, wood or composite impact-resistant materials. positive qualities this type of gate can be called reliability and compactness in the open position, in contrast to options with two swing leaves.

To make this design yourself, you must have drawings with all the necessary parameters.

• To install the gate, you will need to make not only a frame for closing the passage, but also another one on which the gate will be mounted. Sometimes it is framed by the entrance to the garage, but more often additional guides are added, along which, when the gate is opened, rollers mounted on the canvas will roll. They also perform the function of a device that supports the canvas from above in an open position.

• In this case, inside the garage, the frame will have L-shape on both sides of the entrance. Its dimensions must provide the necessary space for the passage of the door leaf between the ceiling and additional guides.
• On the canvas on both sides, top and bottom, rollers are installed that will walk along the guides when moving the gate.
• On both sides to the frame installed in the opening, two levers are mounted that will lift the canvas when opened. Shock absorbers are required - they will soften the blow when closing. The levers are connected to springs that are adjusted to the desired force - they should not be overtightened or loose, but at the same time, the sash should tightly close the entrance opening.

• The supporting stationary frame must be securely fastened to the opening with anchors, as it will be subjected to significant stress all the time.
• Further, when the entire structure is mounted, it is possible to equip the gate with fittings and fix additional elements.

If you plan to install an electric drive, then this process is carried out last, and it is better to entrust this work to specialists. An electric opening system is a rather expensive pleasure, so it’s better not to risk it if you don’t have the skill in installing and debugging such equipment.

Video: an example of hand-made up-and-over doors

Prices for up-and-over gates

Overhead gate

Having carefully studied the instructions and drawings, having prepared in all necessary materials, and also having sufficiently high work skills, any design from the presented ones can be assembled independently. But it is better if the work is done together with a knowledgeable master - then it will go much faster and better.

Garage doors | 08.02.2019

Owners of private houses understand how important it is to make their home reliable and safe, and gates play an important role in arranging not only the house itself, but also its entire territory. The gate is protection from prying eyes and from the external environment, and, if we are talking about interior, then from bad weather. Gates for private houses are always non-standard sizes, because the openings themselves can be very different in size. So gates for private houses are made only to order. We do not offer our customers standard solutions, but select the most appropriate type and model of the gate in each specific case.

Only one thing is clear - the gates for a private house must be made of quality materials that do not corrode. Here, we can guarantee our customers complete peace of mind. Our partners Alutech and Herman are the best manufacturers entry and garage doors. Their gates are considered the most durable on the market and withstand heavy loads due to their manufacturability and quality of materials. Foam filler inside the gate serves as an additional thermal and sound insulation. Gates from our manufacturers are protected from delamination, do not give in to corrosion, tolerate any weather conditions well, retain heat inside the covered space and are made using the latest technologies, which means that they meet the modern needs of consumers.

For a private house, there are all types of gates, the choice will depend, firstly, on the place of their installation, and secondly, on the technical capabilities of the premises or territory, and further on your preferences and financial capabilities.

Gates for a private house, it is better to plan and install at the design (or construction) stage, because then you will have more options to choose from, and therefore time to prepare the place well for installing future gates and enter their cost into your budget. And also immediately think over which gate you will choose - mechanical or automatic, because, after installing the gate itself, it is not always possible to install automation for the gate.

What is the best gate to make in your private house? If this is an open entrance to the territory, then sliding or swing gates are more suitable here, if the entrance area is covered, then installation of sectional lifting gates is possible. In the garage of the house, it is better to install sectional or roller doors. If there is a need to install a mini-gate on the secret (side) doors of a garage, house or basement, then light and compact rolling gates are most suitable.

Types of gates for a private house

Gates for a private house are entrance and garage, i.e. at the entrance to the territory and to the garage or other premises on the side of the house and can be made of steel (sandwich panels) or aluminum (roller door).

To begin with, we list and give a small description of each type of gate.

• Sectional– the gates, consisting of sandwich panels, lie along the rails under the ceiling, thus saving usable space. Such gates are most often placed at the entrance to the garage or to the covered area of ​​the house, i.e. where there is a roof. Sectional doors are airtight and retain heat indoors. Checklist for sectional doors.

Sectional doors are installed in garages and under a canopy over the exit. The most flexible and popular type of gate.

Sectional doors can be installed in the garage and at the entrance to the territory with a canopy

• swing gate- traditional gates, consisting of two leaves, opening to the sides. When ordering inside, the sash can remain under your filling (lattice or forged panel, for example) or be supplemented with profiled sheet, wood or sandwich panels. They require much more space for installation and are less airtight than sectional or rolled ones. To be more precise, before entering, a free space of 0.5 of the opening is required, the pillars must be strong enough to withstand the weight of the swing gate leaves.

Swing gates are placed at the entrance to the territory of the house, but installation on the garage is also possible. They have quite heavy sashes.

• Sliding gates rolled to the side along the guides inside, or in rare cases outside the fence, mainly installed on an open entrance to the territory. To install such gates, a solid and solid foundation and a strong fence are required. For gates along the fence, a minimum of 1.5 openings is required.

Sliding gates are placed only at the entrance to the site and require a lot of space along the fence.

• light and inexpensive , made of lamellas, when opened, they rise along the guides and roll into a neat roll. Optionally, such gates can be installed on any opening up to 6 meters wide, both in an open area and in a garage. Gates are less hermetic - they do not retain heat as well as sectional ones and are the least protected from break-ins. Basically, in a private house they put such gates when it is not possible to install sectional ones. Pros and cons of installing roller shutters.

Rolling shutters can be installed anywhere, but before installation, you will have to evaluate their pros and cons.

If we are talking about lifting gates, then we mean the very technology of their opening - lifting up. They can be made of sandwich panels or roller shutters, be sectional or rolled.

All types of gates can be left manual, that is, with mechanical control, made automatic or installed on them. remote control. Manual drive included in the basic package.

* You can read more about the types of automation for gates.

For your convenience, any type of gate, except for rolling gates, can be equipped with a wicket, built-in windows, gates can be of different colors and even decorated with a pattern.

Of course, now at the peak of popularity it is lifting sectional doors, but there are times when their installation is simply impractical. Then the choice remains between swing and sliding, and in rare cases, when there is no place to install sectional doors (for example, with a low ceiling), they use roller shutters.

What width the gate should be in a private house depends on the width of the opening and on the free space for their free opening and closing.

For installation in the country, the gates are selected according to the same principle as for a private house. But, if when buying a gate for a house for permanent residence not worth saving, but in the country you can install a budget option gate.

Garage doors | 08.02.2019

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