Garden, its care and propagation will not cause difficulties even in the middle zone. Among the many garden varieties The most unpretentious is the Syrian hibiscus. It tolerates low temperatures and moves further north.

Garden hibiscus plant and its varieties

In total, in natural conditions there are 200 varieties of hibiscus, and through the efforts of breeders their number has increased to 500. All cultivated species are divided according to the form of development:

• herbaceous varieties;
• tree-like;
• shrubby.

Growing and caring for garden hibiscus is exciting activity. All types of plants occupy special niches. Herbaceous varieties They overwinter well under cover and produce beautiful curtains that camouflage utility structures.

Planting and caring for garden hibiscus - photo - shrub, allows you to get hedge and various compositions by formation. Particularly easy to work with unpretentious hibiscus Syrian. Most common in mild climates middle zone it became a bush. It is easier to cover for winter storage.

Agricultural technology of hibiscus

To grow garden hibiscus in an unusual climate, you need to follow the recommendations of breeders in care and propagation. The main operations are considered:

• choose a planting location;
• water and feed;
• prepare for winter.

Care includes protecting plantings from pests, diseases and creating decorative forms.

In a bright, sunny place and without replanting, garden hibiscus can grow for up to 20 years. The selected location should be protected from wind and scorching sun rays. Planting a plant from a container or replanting should be done in the spring, when the plant is full vitality. Well-developed plants are planted as seedlings. Basically, bushes that have overwintered in a warm container are replanted.

Proper rooting of hibiscus

The plant's strong root system consists of a central rod with shoots. Hibiscus does not need a transplant if it receives enough nutrition. That's why landing hole prepared in advance. It is dug with reserve so that the roots have room to develop at first in the loose soil. The nutritional composition is laid down:

• turf land - 2 parts;
• leaf soil - 2 parts;
• ripe humus - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Half a bucket of water is poured out. The roots are placed on the pillow, without damaging it, with the expectation that the top tier will be at surface level. Only light roots work on the plant; the old ones take nutrients for themselves.

The soil is carefully added and compacted, and the new plant is hilled up on top and watered so that the soil between the roots is compacted. The photo shows planting and subsequent care of tree hibiscus.

If the plant needs to be transplanted to a new place, then the best time is in the spring before flowering. The upper roots are removed, and the tree is moved to a new location without destroying the earthen coma. So that the plant can feed the upper part, the crown is pruned before replanting.

Regular feeding is important in growing and caring for garden hibiscus. Phosphorus activates flowering, and potassium improves the winter hardiness of the plant. Juice with a high content of potassium salts is not liked by aphids, the main pest of the plant.

Formation of an ornamental plant

In some areas with cold winters, garden hibiscus is grown as a pot plant. If you grow three plants with different colors in one container, then by intertwining the trunks during the growth process you can get a multi-color composition with a common trunk, as in the photo of the garden tree hibiscus.

In the spring, with the appearance of new stems, old dry twigs are removed. Pruning is necessary, only young branches bloom. Therefore, remove excess branches before sap flow begins in the spring. Old branches are cut out, shoots from last year are shortened by a quarter. By systematic pruning, bushes can be given the desired shape. There are several types of pruning:

• stimulating, early spring;
• thinning, removal of dried, weakened shoots;
• corrective;
• autumn, after flowering stops;
• for survival when a minimum of ground mass is left.

Watering and spraying hibiscus

Water for irrigation needs rain or settled river water with low hardness. The plant requires moderate watering, depending on the drying of the top layer of soil. If it's hot outside, watering can be daily. The leaves need to be washed to remove dust and thus prevent the appearance of spider mites. If the color begins to fall en masse, there is not enough moisture. Chlorosis warns of watering with water containing chlorine or iron. There is no violation if beautiful flower It falls off within a day. Another one must bloom to replace it. A danger signal is the massive fall of flowers and unopened buds. And most often the cause of garden hibiscus disease is improper watering.

To save the plant from aphids, you need to spray it with water and ash from cigars or cigarettes. Aphids cannot tolerate the smell of lavender growing near hibiscus. Therefore, measures should be taken in advance to ensure that the delicate leaves of hibiscus do not interest the insect.

Preparation for wintering is an important stage

Garden tree hibiscus sheds its leaves for the winter. In the middle zone it grows no higher than two meters. Hibiscus blooms from July until the first frost. Frost-resistant varieties are considered to be those that do not freeze in mild southern winters. In the middle zone, tropical plants need shelter. For cultivation here, varieties with simple, non-double flowers should be used.

In winter, the plant is watered abundantly, after the top layer has dried, it is hilled high, but sand is added to the ground by a third. When stable frosty weather sets in, the plant is covered with shavings, sawdust, dry leaves - loose bedding about 15 cm high.

The branches, as far as possible, bend down to the ground, cover themselves with dense non-woven material in several rows. A frame is built on top, onto which insulating materials and coniferous spruce branches are subsequently thrown. The photo shows how garden hibiscus winters in the garden.

In temperate latitudes, tree hibiscus can overwinter only with insulated roots, but it is necessary to prepare a frame for survival in extreme conditions. In areas with a continental climate, garden hibiscus is guaranteed to be preserved in cellars by digging up the plant from big lump land.

Herbaceous hibiscus will overwinter if it is insulated after the above-ground part dies.

Reproduction of garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagates easily by cuttings and seeds. Both methods are used, but cuttings produce a decorative bush faster. The seed method allows you to get an adult flowering plant 3 years later.

Woody cut shoots that produce a panicle of roots in water are suitable for cuttings. The best cuttings can be planted in pots and planted on permanent place. You can also root cuttings in the substrate. But a strong bush, strengthened over the summer, ready for wintering, is obtained from an overwintered and grown seedling.

Video about caring for garden hibiscus

It is very important to know that not all hibiscus need to be covered for the winter. The rule “it’s better to be overprotected than underestimated” does not work in this case. If you overdo it with care, you can also ruin the plant. Therefore, the owner of this wonderful plant first of all needs to figure out what kind of variety he got and accordingly understand how to care for it in winter, including. For example, hybrid (herbaceous) hibiscus are quite resistant to frost, so in a fairly mild climate (such as in the center of Eurasia) they do not need to be covered. Syrian varieties must be insulated for the winter. This is especially true for terry hibiscus. Another feature of hibiscus: along with its size, frost resistance also increases.

Hibiscus growing experts recommend simply cutting hybrid plants in the fall to a stem height of about 10 cm, covering them with earth or covering them with leaves. However, it must be remembered that too great use foliage may cause the plant to rot, since during periods of warming a rotted layer will form there.

Of course, if temperatures of -30°C or lower are predicted for the winter, absolutely all plants need shelter. And very tender hibiscus should simply be planted for this time in a pot or other container and brought indoors.

Basic techniques for covering hibiscus

It is best to start preparing hibiscus from mid-November. The main indicator is the air temperature - it should reach -5°C, but not yet fall below -10°C.

To protect plants from frost, you can cover them with covered frames. The material must be non-woven (for example, agrotex, spunbond, lutrasil). However, they should not be installed at very low temperatures to prevent damping off.

Branches are considered the most suitable for covering hibiscus. coniferous plants, the so-called spruce branches. It is good because it holds the snow on itself. Thus, the plants are well protected from frost, but do not overheat. A small hut is built from the branches. The spruce branches are tied together and wrapped in a coarse cloth made of hard fibers.

When covering hibiscus with branches of evergreen trees, you must take care in advance to ensure that rodents do not get into it. To do this, you can place devices for catching mice around the perimeter of the area where the flowers grow. Or soak rodent food in a special poison and place it under a covering structure.

Hibiscus is a flower from the mallow family that has many different varieties and hybrids. They are annual and perennial, herbaceous and tree-like, garden and indoor, frost-resistant and heat-loving. By growing the desired varieties of hibiscus, it can be used to decorate rooms or personal plot. Growing the herbaceous hybrid hibiscus, which is characterized by its ease of care and very large flowers (up to 25 cm in diameter), is becoming especially popular.

In this article, we will consider such an important issue in growing garden hibiscus - how exactly it should be prepared for winter, so that next year you can enjoy its flowering.

When is it necessary to cover garden hibiscus for the winter?

Frost-resistant perennial shrubs are classified as garden varieties of hibiscus, which in the southern regions do not need special preparation for winter, but in the northern regions or in regions with harsh winters with little snow - they simply need to be properly covered.

The herbaceous hibiscus hybrid is initially a frost-resistant crop, and during the winter the above-ground part (stems) of the plant itself dies off and only its powerful rhizomes remain in the ground. For successful wintering of this type of garden hibiscus, it will be enough to simply mulch the soil at the planting site.

How to keep hibiscus in the garden in winter?

In order to prevent freezing in extreme frosts (from -15°C), both herbaceous and tree-like varieties of garden hibiscus require proper care when preparing for the winter. It consists of several stages:

• pruning;
• watering;
• hilling;
• mulching the soil or covering the plant.

Varieties that grow as a bush with woody shoots (for example: Syrian garden hibiscus) can be pruned for the winter in the same way as a rose, or not pruned at all, but pruned in early spring, when frozen shoots are visible.

In herbaceous varieties of hibiscus (swamp, armed or their hybrid), all stems are cut off completely, leaving only stumps 10 cm above the ground.

Necessarily late autumn do moisture-recharging watering of bush plants, but this should be done before the onset of frost, so that an ice crust does not form around the roots.

A few days after watering, you should hill up both the bushes and the remains of herbaceous hibiscus to a depth of 15-22 cm, using ordinary garden soil with the addition of humus and sand to prevent overheating of the root system.

The last stage in preparing garden hibiscus for winter is insulation, which is usually carried out from the second half of November, when the air temperature no longer rises above +5°C.

Herbaceous species are simply covered with harvested dry fallen leaves, making a mound about 15 cm high. You can also use dry sawdust instead of soil.

Young bushes especially need shelter from frost, since the frost resistance of hibiscus increases with age. This can be done in two ways:

If the winter is going to be very cold, then it is better to add spruce branches to such a shelter.

Knowing how to properly cover the hibiscus growing in your garden for the winter, every year you will enjoy its beautiful blooms, which are a real decoration of your flower garden. But do not rush to uproot hibiscus bushes in early spring if they have not moved away from wintering. Bush varieties Hibiscus (especially Syrian) emerges from winter dormancy much later than its herbaceous hybrids.

Care and propagation of garden hibiscus

The tropics provided many plants for cultivated agriculture. Among them is garden hibiscus; its care and propagation will not cause difficulties even in the middle zone. Among the many garden varieties, the most unpretentious is the Syrian hibiscus. It tolerates low temperatures and moves further north.

Read also: Flowerbeds of perennials - the choice of lazy people or a reason to create a masterpiece

Garden hibiscus plant and its varieties

In total, in natural conditions there are 200 varieties of hibiscus, and through the efforts of breeders their number has increased to 500. All cultivated species are divided according to the form of development:

• herbaceous varieties;
• tree-like;
• shrubby.

Growing and caring for garden hibiscus is a fun activity. IN landscape design All types of plants occupy special niches. Herbaceous varieties overwinter well under cover and produce beautiful curtains that camouflage farm buildings.

Planting and caring for garden hibiscus - photo - shrubs allows you to get a hedge and various compositions by forming. It is especially easy to work with the unpretentious Syrian hibiscus. Shrubs have become the most common in the mild climate of the middle zone. It is easier to cover for winter storage.

Agricultural technology of hibiscus

To grow garden hibiscus in an unusual climate, you need to follow the recommendations of breeders in care and propagation. The main operations are considered:

• choose a planting location;
• water and feed;
• prepare for winter.

Care includes protecting plantings from pests, diseases and creating decorative forms.

In a bright, sunny place and without replanting, garden hibiscus can grow for up to 20 years. The selected location should be protected from wind and scorching sun rays. Planting a plant from a container or replanting should be done in the spring, when the plant is full of vitality. Well-developed plants are planted as seedlings. Basically, bushes that have overwintered in a warm container are replanted.

Proper rooting of hibiscus

The plant's strong root system consists of a central rod with shoots. Hibiscus does not need a transplant if it receives enough nutrition. Therefore, the planting pit is prepared in advance. It is dug with reserve so that the roots have room to develop at first in the loose soil. The nutritional composition is laid down:

• turf land - 2 parts;
• leaf soil - 2 parts;
• ripe humus - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Half a bucket of water is poured out. The roots are placed on the pillow, without damaging it, with the expectation that the top tier will be at surface level. Only light roots work on the plant; the old ones take nutrients for themselves.

The soil is carefully added and compacted, and the new plant is hilled up on top and watered so that the soil between the roots is compacted. The photo shows planting and subsequent care of tree hibiscus.

If the plant needs to be transplanted to a new place, then the best time is in the spring before flowering. The upper roots are removed, and the tree is moved to a new location without destroying the earthen coma. So that the plant can feed the upper part, the crown is pruned before replanting.

Regular fertilizing with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is important in growing and caring for garden hibiscus. Phosphorus activates flowering, and potassium improves the winter hardiness of the plant. Juice with a high content of potassium salts is not liked by aphids, the main pest of the plant.

Formation of an ornamental plant

In some areas with cold winters, garden hibiscus is grown as a pot plant. If you grow three plants with different colors in one container, then by intertwining the trunks during the growth process you can get a multi-color composition with a common trunk, as in the photo of the garden tree hibiscus.

In the spring, with the appearance of new stems, old dry twigs are removed. Pruning is necessary, only young branches bloom. Therefore, remove excess branches before sap flow begins in the spring. Old branches are cut out, shoots from last year are shortened by a quarter. By systematic pruning, bushes can be given the desired shape. There are several types of pruning:

• stimulating, early spring;
• thinning, removal of dried, weakened shoots;
• corrective;
• autumn, after flowering stops;
• for survival when a minimum of ground mass is left.

Watering and spraying hibiscus

Water for irrigation needs rain or settled river water with low hardness. The plant requires moderate watering, depending on the drying of the top layer of soil. If it's hot outside, watering can be daily. The leaves need to be washed to remove dust and thus prevent the appearance of spider mites. If the color begins to fall en masse, there is not enough moisture. Chlorosis warns of watering with water containing chlorine or iron. There is no violation if a beautiful flower falls off after a day. Another one must bloom to replace it. A danger signal is the massive fall of flowers and unopened buds. And most often the cause of garden hibiscus disease is improper watering.

To save the plant from aphids, you need to spray it with water and ash from cigars or cigarettes. Aphids cannot tolerate the smell of lavender growing near hibiscus. Therefore, measures should be taken in advance to ensure that the delicate leaves of hibiscus do not interest the insect.

Preparation for wintering is an important stage

Garden tree hibiscus sheds its leaves for the winter. In the middle zone it grows no higher than two meters. Hibiscus blooms from July until the first frost. Frost-resistant varieties are considered to be those that do not freeze in mild southern winters. In the middle zone, tropical plants need shelter. For cultivation here, varieties with simple, non-double flowers should be used.

In winter, the plant is watered abundantly, after the top layer has dried, it is hilled high, but sand is added to the ground by a third. When stable frosty weather sets in, the plant is covered with shavings, sawdust, dry leaves - loose bedding about 15 cm high.

The branches are bent to the ground as far as possible and covered with dense non-woven material in several rows. A frame is built on top, onto which insulating materials and coniferous spruce branches are subsequently thrown. The photo shows how garden hibiscus overwinters in the garden.

In temperate latitudes, tree hibiscus can overwinter only with insulated roots, but it is necessary to prepare a frame for survival in extreme conditions. In areas with a continental climate, garden hibiscus is guaranteed to be preserved in cellars by digging up a plant with a large lump of earth.

Herbaceous hibiscus will overwinter if it is insulated after the above-ground part dies.

Reproduction of garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagates easily by cuttings and seeds. Both methods are used, but cuttings produce a decorative bush faster. The seed method allows you to get an adult flowering plant in 3 years.

Woody cut shoots that produce a panicle of roots in water are suitable for cuttings. The best cuttings can be planted in pots and planted in a permanent place after winter. You can also root cuttings in the substrate. But a strong bush, strengthened over the summer, ready for wintering, is obtained from an overwintered and grown seedling.

Video about caring for garden hibiscus

Hibiscus tree garden: description of the plant, care, reproduction

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Garden hibiscus: how to care, how to overwinter in the garden

Hibiscus - an ancient Greek name, is believed to come from Hawaii and Malaysia, there is no exact data on where it came from. Let's take a closer look at the question: garden hibiscus, photos, care and planting, how to overwinter in the garden. It is safe to say that he belongs to the family herbaceous plants. It is also found in the form of shrubs and evergreen trees.

At proper care, the hibiscus tree can reach 3 meters in height and 1.5 meters in width, and lives up to 20 years. In southern countries, the plant decorates city streets; the flowers are large; people call it the Chinese rose. The flowers of many species are large, bright, double and non-double, with different colors– white, bright blue, orange, dark purple, lilac, sometimes two-colored. There are more than 200 species of this beautiful and cheerful flower in nature. Looking at it, you get peace of mind and a sense of surrounding beauty. People often call it the “flower of love.”

Planting and caring for hibiscus

This exotic flower does not require special care. If you decide to plant it in the garden, then you definitely need to find a place where the sun's rays will always fall and it will be protected from the wind. The soil should be loose and fertile; hibiscus coexists well with roses. It can also grow on sandy soil, but then its leaves may turn yellow and fall off. Soil enriched with manure enhances the flowering and growth of hibiscus and requires regular watering, especially in summer.

The dug hole should be approximately two times larger than the root of the plant. You need to pour it into the bottom broken brick and small pebbles. Hill up around the tree, creating a voluminous recess for watering. Planting should be carried out in the spring, not forgetting that the seedling needs room to grow in the future, so the planting area should be large, bright and cozy, protected from sudden strong winds.

Herbaceous hibiscus: propagation from seeds to flowerpot

If you have decided on the variety of hibiscus, then it’s time to prepare the soil or soil mixture. Many people use ready-made soil mixture from stores; if this is not possible, you can prepare it yourself by mixing garden soil with leaf soil in equal proportions. Ready soil it is necessary to sift and pour into small boxes. Now make grooves using a stick and carefully sprinkle the seeds.

Typically, such planting is done in winter, so under no circumstances should the boxes be left on the balcony; it is best to place them near the radiators. The soil will dry out very quickly, so regular watering will be required to slow down the drying rate. The boxes can be placed in bags or wrapped plastic film. When the first shoots appear, be sure to move the boxes to a sunny place, otherwise they may die. Once the sprouts are strong, it's time to move them into separate pots small sizes. As they grow, transplant into larger pots, not forgetting to water after transplanting. When the first bud appears, it must be removed, as the seedling may weaken and die.

Garden hibiscus: cutting propagation

The cut cuttings are placed in a bowl of water, changing the water regularly. As soon as roots appear on your baby, they are transplanted into a pot with soil. Then you can take it out to the garden plot or to the balcony, not forgetting a sunny place. For the first year, you can leave the seedling in a pot, taking it indoors for the winter, thereby allowing it to grow stronger. And already in the second year you can transplant it into a garden plot or into a large tub.

For regions with a cool climate, a non-double variety of this exotic and incredibly beautiful plant. In order for hibiscus to bloom profusely, it needs pruning every two years.

Often it is attacked by aphids, to avoid this, plant lavender next door, which will drive away unfriendly guests from your beauty.

The soil should be loose with good water permeability. Water only when necessary, that is, when the soil has dried out a little. Phosphorus supplements will ensure incredibly beautiful and rich flowering. In order for the plant to survive the winter, potash fertilizers will be needed.

Look also: the wonderful Crassula plant, photo, money tree. home doctor.

Pruning garden hibiscus

Pruning is necessary for better flowering, as well as to give it a certain shape, it depends on you and your love for a magnificent, pleasing to the eye plant. A hibiscus tree and bush require patience and love. It is necessary to trim young tree, branches to the level of two buds, leaving a strong trunk. As soon as the tree grows to the desired height, the crown of the tree is formed from strong and healthy shoots, cutting off several buds.

In the spring, so-called sanitary pruning is carried out, removing diseased, old, and shoots growing inward. The bush is pruned around the main shoot at different heights, which will give the bush a beautiful shape.

Diseases and pests of hibiscus

• Spots on the leaves, a stunted, sickly appearance, shriveled stems: all this indicates that your pet is sick.
• Yellowing of the leaf on the underside is a normal process, but if yellowing occurs on a large scale, it means the plant has dried out.
• Excessive watering can cause the stems to dry out.
• If your plant grows on a garden plot, you take care of it according to all the rules of gardening, but it does not bloom, which means there is not enough phosphorus in the soil. The same can happen due to a lack of boron. Therefore, do not forget about fertilizers and feed your pet on time.
• Lack of sunlight makes the flower look sick and weak.
  In winter, after opening a window for ventilation, you need to put the pot in a warm place, otherwise it may freeze and die.
• When stickiness appears on the leaves, you should know that aphids are killing them. If the infection is mild, the leaves can be washed with soap and water, but if the infection is very serious, then it is necessary to use products such as: Biotlin, Iskra, Bison, Tobacco dust.
• If yellow specks appear on the leaves, which will later turn into discolored areas, this is spider mite, which lives under the leaves in the web. The appearance of spider webs and mites is promoted by dry air and heat. If the plant is not severely affected, then each leaf can be treated soap solution, when severe illness it is necessary to resort to ready-made drugs.
  Infected hibiscus (aphids, spider mites) growing in a garden plot are best transplanted to another place, treated with the necessary preparations.

How hibiscus overwinters in the garden

We already know that there are a large number of varieties of this beautiful and beloved flower. Many people have an association with the houseplant, or as it is also called: “Chinese rose”. But many species of this plant grow and delight their owners on garden plots without demanding special attention and worries. But when winter approaches, you need to take care of it, not let it die and preserve it until next spring. Herbaceous, as well as hybrid varieties, are frost-resistant, but they still need shelter, which is a must if we are talking about colder regions, for example, in central Russia.

• Many gardeners dig up hibiscus for the winter, transplant them into large tubs and store them in the basement until spring.
• The plant should be covered no earlier than November, so that it is slightly hardened in the fresh air.
• In areas where there are no frosts of more than -15 C, flower growers make special frames, onto which lutrasil and agrotex are stretched. But this can lead to plant disease, since this material does not release heat.

Among many gardeners and floriculture lovers, spruce branches are considered the best shelter for hibiscus. A tree or shrub wrapped in spruce branches will overwinter in comfort and be healthy. The lapnik collects snow on itself, and this is the best a cozy house from any frost. The shelter is made in the form of a hut by tying branches and wrapping them with burlap material. During wintering, uninvited guests, such as mice, can sneak into the hut. To avoid this, all kinds of mousetraps are laid around or wheat is poured inside the hut, which is mixed with poison.

Hibiscus at home

• Feeding: begins in March and lasts until September. Feed every seven to eight days. Many people prefer alternating: mineral fertilizers with mullein infusion. Mix the infusion with water in a ratio of 1:10.
• Temperature: the most suitable for hibiscus at home is +24 degrees. In the summer, if your pet is indoors and not outdoors, then be sure to ventilate the room daily, but do not leave the flowerpot in drafts.
• Light. This is a light-loving plant, the ideal place for it is a sunny balcony or a bright window sill. In winter it also needs sunlight.
• Humidity: the air should not be too dry, neither in winter nor in summer. Therefore, it is necessary to spray hibiscus leaves.
• Watering: You need to water the flowerpot if necessary, without allowing the soil in the flowerpot to dry out. Otherwise, this may lead to the falling of leaves and buds, and your flower will not bloom.

Watch a video on how to grow hibiscus at home

Hibiscus species

• Hibiscus, popularly known as "Chinese rose". It has all kinds of tones and shades, with the exception of blue and black, its flowers can be small, no more than 5 cm, or reach almost 30 cm.
• Syrian hibiscus prefers the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine and is found in Western Europe. Doesn't like winter.
• Swamp hibiscus is one of the most common species; its flowers are considered large on average, but no more than 12 cm.
• Red leaf hibiscus. It is distinguished by its red leaves with a purple tint. Sometimes found with green-red leaves. Popularly called “false rose”. It also differs from all hibiscus in its flowering. Blooms with the arrival of autumn. In winter, it is usually transferred to the basement for storage.
• Hibiscus is sour. Gardeners prefer it because it propagates very easily and quickly using seeds.
• Hibiscus arnotti, first appeared in the Hawaiian Islands. This evergreen tree, which can reach enormous sizes.
• Hawaiian hibiscus. This is the smallest tree or shrub. It can be tiny, 30 cm high, or grow up to 1 meter. Its leaves resemble those of a ficus called Benjamin. The flowers are bright red.

We told you how to care for hibiscus at home, how it overwinters in the garden, what kind of care it requires, and what types of hibiscus there are. Now you can choose the right species for yourself, according to your region, and grow this exotic beauty in your garden or home.

How to grow garden hibiscus: planting seeds, propagation and caring for flowers for the winter

Hibiscus is considered the king of the tropics, unlike perennial verbena. It grows throughout the world, preferring wild tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions.

Hibiscus is a very diverse genus and consists of approximately 220 species of annuals, herbaceous perennials, shrubs, subshrubs and trees. These plants have been bred over several centuries, like their common garden neighbor, the dwarf snapdragon.

The name "Hibiscus" comes from "hibiskos", the old Greek name for marshmallow. Often, garden hibiscus flowers are large, flat, bright and funnel-shaped. They consist of five petals and have very beautiful different colors, ranging from white to pink, red, purple or yellow color. The size of the plant's petals varies from 4 to 15 cm in width.

Plant varieties

1. Ardens is a variety of garden hibiscus. It has beautiful lilac-pink flowers that bloom in early summer. Maintains its shape and does not require pruning. Counts perennial plant(from 3 years old). In adulthood it reaches more than 3 meters in height.
2. Blue Bird A very popular type of garden hibiscus shrub. It is famous for its rare shade of flowers - clear blue with a red spot in the center. This species is a long-lived shrub and reaches up to 4 meters in height.
3. Antong Two Lil Kim An unusual plant variety that is famous for its bicolor flowers. A miniature shrub reaching only 30 cm in height. It blooms profusely, the flowers are small with three ruffled petals, each white with a red spot. They bloom within one to three days.

Hibiscus flowers Antong Two Lil Kim in the photo

Reproduction

Hibiscus flowers produce pods that contain a seed. When ripe, the pods open and the seeds fall to the ground, where they germinate easily. In order to plant healthy seeds in the right place, you must first collect them, as when planting and caring for ageratum.

1. The ripening of the pods is determined by their brown color.
2. Before harvesting, the bush of the plant must be covered with paper bags or bags. This will prevent the seeds from scattering on the ground after the pods open.
3. Clean the bag periodically.

When purchasing seeds, you need to pay attention to the description and photo of the plant variety.

Planting garden hibiscus seeds :

1. Before sowing, it is necessary to do a test for the viability of the seeds, as when growing perennial morning glory, about planting and caring for which read here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/vertikalnoe-o/ipomei-posadka-i-uxod.html. To do this, you will need to place from 5 to 10 grains in a damp paper towel and seal in a plastic bag.
2. Leave the seeds at room temperature within 5 – 7 days. After a while, remove and check for swelling or root formation. If such signs are present, the seeds are viable.
3. Fill the planting tray with a moistened organic mixture.
4. Sow the seeds at a distance of 0.5 cm from each other, lightly sprinkle with soil on top. Water generously from a watering can.
5. Keep the pot in a warm, sunny place. Don't let the soil dry out. Complete germination occurs in two to three weeks.

It is important to note that when propagated by seeds, plants are particularly resistant to weather conditions and other stressful conditions. But at the same time they can lose their varietal qualities.

Photos of cuttings of a tree variety

One of the types of propagation of garden hibiscus is propagation by cuttings. It is often carried out in early summer or late autumn.

• Select a peg from the top of the bush and use pruning shears to cut it obliquely. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting, but leave a few on the top. Before planting, place the pagon in water.
• Fill a quart tray with quality soil and water until there are no dry gaps. Make a hole in the center of the pot into which the cutting will be planted.
• Place ½ teaspoon of powdered growth accelerator into the hole. Lower the cutting into the prepared recess 3 - 5 cm deep. Sprinkle with soil and press to remove air, water.
• Using a frame and film, create around the cutting small greenhouse. Keep at room temperature in a brightly lit area. In this case, you should avoid direct sunlight, as the plant can get burned.
• Root development is observed after 3 weeks, as when planting and caring for daylily flowers. It is very simple to check their appearance - you need to pull on the leaves; if the cutting is rooted, it will be firmly gray in the soil.

Dividing the bush

• Reproduction by dividing the bush is carried out mainly by complex hybrid plants. And it consists of dividing the rhizomes, and only large, heavily overgrown shrubs are selected.
• Held in spring period. To do this, the bush is completely dug up and divided into several parts, depending on the number of stems and buds.
• It is allowed to tear the roots by hand, as well as use pruners.
• After planting, all plants must be fertilized and watered abundantly, as when planting and caring for heather, a photo of which can be viewed here http://2gazon.ru/ozelenenie/derevo-i-kust/veresk-posadka-i-uxod. html.

This propagation method is convenient in the case of maintaining varietal purity.

Selection of location and soil

All types of garden hibiscus Grows best in partial shade. In this case, the plant needs about 6 hours of sun per day.

1. Choice the right soil will create favorable conditions for plant growth and development.
2. Proper soil should consist of 5% perlite, 50% peat and 45% bark hard rocks tree.
3. For good plant growth, the pH level should be between 5.5 and 6.5. This pH range makes the soil slightly acidic.
4. The plant feels best in soil with high content organic substances.
5. Garden hibiscus prefers good soil drainage. The soil should not remain wet for a long time, as this can lead to rotting of the roots and slower growth.

Planting technology

Before planting the plant in the ground, it is important to prepare the planting hole.

• Check drainage. Initially, you need to make sure that the soil has good drainage. This can be done by pouring a gallon of water into the hole. If the water disappears within an hour, the drainage is quite good. If after an hour the water remains, then by planting the plant in such soil, there will be a high risk of flooding its roots.

Once drainage has been established, plant the seedlings quite deeply, covering the roots with a few centimeters of soil.

Hibiscus care

Hibiscus is a water-loving plant. It has many large leaves and large, sloping flowers that will require a lot of moisture.

Watering hibiscus can be divided into two zones - in cold weather and in hot weather. In hot weather, hibiscus will require a lot of water and usually prefer a steady supply. In this case, it is necessary to avoid flooding of the roots, as well as stagnation of water for a long time.

If there is not enough water in hot weather, the leaves will wilt. To avoid this, the plant needs frequent and abundant watering during drought. In cold and wet conditions, the plant is susceptible to fungal root diseases. You can avoid this problem by limiting watering the plant. During this period, dry land is preferable to overflow and stagnation of water. Because this is one of the few signs that cause frequent plant death.

As for the quality of water, hibiscus is not very picky and will tolerate even tap water, if its pH (acidity) varies in the range from 5.0 to 7.0.

Tree hibiscus, unlike herbaceous hibiscus, requires regular pruning.

Pruning helps stimulate new growth and also rejuvenates and awakens the plant from its winter slumber.

• Often, hibiscus is pruned back a bit in late summer and early fall. However, you should not prune the plant in late autumn or winter, as this can provoke early formation and death of buds.
• Immediately before the procedure itself, you should make sure that the pruners are sharp and clean. It is also advisable to sterilize them with alcohol gels. This will prevent the possibility of infectious infection of the plant branches.
• The branches are cut just above the nodes. Weak, diseased or dead shoots are removed.

In order to maintain the growth, healthy and beautiful color of the plant, it must be fed. At the same time, the bush needs a large amount of nutrients.

What does hibiscus need?

• Lots of potassium. It is essential to support garden hibiscus with potassium, especially during flowering periods. It neutralizes various stressful situations to which the plant may be subjected. Helps in the process of photosynthesis and planting.
• Phosphorus limitation. Hibiscus does not tolerate phosphorus very well in large doses. Namely, with prolonged and abundant use of it in fertilizers, the roots of the plant block the supply of phosphorus, and with it other useful minerals and nutrients. As a result, the plant slowly and painfully dies from starvation.
• Moderate amount of nitrogen. All living cells use nitrogen, and all plants need large amounts of it. Nitrogen is used by plants for the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and other metabolic processes. Excessive amounts of it can “burn” the leaves, turning their edges into dry, dark brown streaks. A deficiency leads to slower growth of the plant.

In the summer, it is best to use high-calorie fertilizers. Can be watered diluted liquid fertilizers once a week, slow release once a month or add potassium compost to the soil. In winter, you should completely stop feeding the plant.

Pests and their control

Rich and bright colors make hibiscus attractive to many insects, including pests. They pierce the leaves and suck the juice from them, sometimes spreading viral infections. They also lay eggs in the buds, as a result of which they fall off before opening.

Signs of a pest:

• Spider mite- affects leaves, creating unsightly yellow spots on them.
• Thrips- the buds of the affected plant lose their color and fall off, this is due to the fact that the pests lay eggs in the buds.
• Gall midges- the disease leads to yellowing and falling of the buds.
• Whiteflies- creates chaotic white spots on the leaves, and is also marked by the presence of white flies. As a result, the plant acquires an unpleasant appearance and gradually dies.

To prepare garden hibiscus for winter, you need to consider and complete several steps:

1. Proper pruning. Garden hibiscus should be pruned for the winter or just at the beginning of spring. Thanks to this pruning, the plant will produce new branches in time, without losing strength on the old ones.
2. Watering. Before the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to irrigate the plant generously once. But in no case should you water during frosts, as there is a high probability of an ice crust forming on the roots.
3. Hilling. A couple of days after watering, the bush needs to be hilled.
4. Shelter. In the second half of November, when the temperature reaches below 5 degrees, the plant will need to be insulated for the winter. To do this, you can use the mulching procedure or cover the bush with dry sawdust. At the same time, young bushes will need stronger protection from frost - they can be covered with film or a bag, pressing them on the sides with something heavy.

The best time to transplant hibiscus is the same as when planting and caring for irises, photos of which are shown in the article. - after the inflorescences wither. Often this period falls at the end of August or September.

• To replant, you should dig up the bush and carefully move it to a new planting site. In this case, you need to make sure that the root ball is not damaged.
• Place the bush in the dug hole and cover it with soil. Press down to remove any air pockets.
• After transplanting, the hibiscus bush will need a lot of moisture for four to six weeks. So you will have to water every two to three days, provided there is no rain.

Photo of garden hibiscus grown from seeds

Hardy and prolific garden hibiscus does not require much attention and care, but at the same time it always decorates any area with its beautiful flowers.

All that needs to be done is to acquire several additional plants in order to compensate for the barren period of one flower with another. But in any case, this plant is universal. Easy care and extraordinary flowers make it one of the most beautiful bushes, which can be placed in the garden or yard.

Hibiscus is a plant of the mallow family. It is very loved by gardeners, since almost all types of this plant bloom very beautifully. Hibiscus flowers, even within the same species, are very diverse. More than 200 species and about 500 varieties of this plant are known.

Did you know?A distinctive feature of all hibiscus is the short life of flowers. Each flower lives only one day - it opens in the morning and withers in the evening.

Three types of hibiscus are common in our latitudes. One of them is grown indoors and is better known as the Chinese rose. Chinese hibiscus can be taken out into the garden in the summer, but it is still considered a houseplant. The other two types of hibiscus are garden varieties.

Garden types of hibiscus

In gardens in southern Russia, Ukraine and Crimea, you can often find Syrian hibiscus, which is also called tree hibiscus. This flowering shrub, which can reach up to 3 m in height. Often, trunks are formed from it, resulting in a beautifully flowering tree. By planting several varieties very close together, you can create a standard tree with different colors from garden hibiscus.

Tree hibiscus is a perennial. It can grow in one place for up to 10 years. Blooms from June to September. The flowers of Syrian hibiscus can be simple and double, of various shades, but not large. But the second type of garden hibiscus, herbaceous hibiscus, has flowers up to 26 cm in diameter. Herbaceous hibiscus is also called swamp hibiscus.

Important!Hibiscus blooms in the second half of May, so do not rush to think that it is frozen and immediately throw away the plant. Herbaceous hibiscus is more frost-resistant and can grow not only in the south, but also in temperate latitudes. It is also covered with dry leaves or dry manure for the winter.

The varieties of this plant are also very diverse. The height ranges from 80 cm to 2 m, and the flowers have a wide variety of shades. The plant grows well in one place, but after 5 years the hibiscus needs to be transplanted to another place in the garden. Rises in the second half of May. Blooms from late June to early September. Sudanese rose, rosella, or hibiscus sabdariffa, comes from India and is grown in all tropical regions. From this type of hibiscus the drink hibiscus is made, where the dark red petals, cups and subcups of the flowers are used, they are called roses. All parts of this plant, except the roots, are edible. The plant can be grown at home in a pot, and the seeds can easily be found in a bag of hibiscus tea.

Caring for garden hibiscus

Hibiscus propagation

Hibiscus breeding different ways:

dividing the bush;

By cuttings;

By layering;

Seeds.

Syrian hibiscus is best propagated by cuttings, and you can use the twigs that were left when pruning the bush. Cuttings 15-20 cm long are placed in water. The roots appear in 2-3 weeks. Then the cuttings are transplanted into pots with light soil.

Planted in the ground the next year. Herbaceous hibiscus is best propagated by dividing the bush in the spring, when the shoots grow 10-15 cm. Propagation by cuttings, layering and dividing the bush guarantees the preservation of the varietal properties of the plant. Both types of hibiscus can be propagated by seeds. Growing hibiscus from seeds at home is quite easy. You can buy seeds in the store or collect seed pods from bushes on your site when they are ripe.

But if you collect seeds yourself, you cannot expect that a plant will grow that exactly replicates the parent one. Many gardeners specially pollinate the flowers of different hibiscus in order to obtain new variety. For better germination, you can put the seeds in the refrigerator for 2 weeks at above-zero temperatures. Sow one seed at a time in pots. Planted in the ground the next year. Tree hibiscus grown from seeds can bloom only in the fourth year, while herbaceous hibiscus will bloom in the second.

Rules for pruning hibiscus

Tree hibiscus is pruned in early spring. This is done to remove dried and broken branches, give the plant a more beautiful shape, or provide abundant flowering. Hibiscus flowers appear on the current year's shoots, so in order to increase the number of flowers, Syrian hibiscus can be pruned before the beginning of summer. The plant responds very well to pruning and grows back quickly. Of course, pruning is more applicable to Syrian hibiscus, but herbaceous hibiscus can also be pruned. If the variety of such hibiscus is very tall, then it can be trimmed to the height you need. At the same time, the hibiscus will let out side shoots, forming a denser bush. But the flowers on the side shoots of herbaceous hibiscus are much smaller than those on the stem.

How to cover garden hibiscus for the winter

Tree hibiscus is less resistant to frost. Growing hibiscus in open ground possible where the air temperature in winter rarely exceeds -20°C. A bush of such hibiscus is covered with dry leaves for the winter, the trunk is insulated with spruce branches or a frame is built, covered with agrotex or lutrasil. But with such insulation, there is a danger of rodents appearing under the bedding or intertrigo of the bark. If the tree is small, it can be transplanted into a tub and placed in a basement or other cool room until spring.

The name hibiscus is mainly associated with Chinese rose , which is successfully grown by amateurs indoor plants in houses and apartments. However, there are garden varieties that winter well under cover, and even those that do not need insulation at all during light frosts.

Herbaceous and hybrid hibiscus tolerate frost well. In the conditions of central Russia, they do not need to be covered, but pruning before cold weather is mandatory. More delicate varieties, especially terry ones, tolerate low temperatures less well, so protection from the cold is mandatory for them.

Important! The plant's frost resistance increases with age. If the seedling is very young and will winter for the first time, it is better to cover it, no matter what variety it belongs to. If the hibiscus is grown from cuttings that have taken root in water, it is better not to plant it outside at all during the first winter, but to leave it in a pot indoors.

When should you start preparing and what exactly should you do?

To grow hibiscus in open ground, you need to immediately pay attention to frost-resistant varieties. It is known that terry varieties They winter worse, so shelter is necessary for them even in a fairly mild climate. Also be sure to monitor the condition planting material: seedlings must be free of damage and signs of disease. It is better to give preference to trees from famous nurseries, which have managed to prove themselves with the quality of their plants.

When planting a seedling in the ground, it is necessary to choose the right place and prepare the planting hole well. It is necessary to pay attention to the flow groundwater– they should not flow close to the surface of the earth. This can lead to stagnation of moisture, weakening of the roots and, as a result, a decrease in the frost resistance of the plant. It is better to choose a place on a hill or even create an artificial hill or alpine slide specifically for planting hibiscus. At the same time, hibiscus loves illuminated places.

Low-growing shrubs can be planted next to hibiscus with a developed root system. They will help retain the necessary moisture and protect the plant from the winds.

If hibiscus is already growing on the site and it’s time to prepare it for the next winter, you can start with abundant watering. There is no need to delay this. The temperature should not be below zero so that the water does not remain a crust of ice over the roots. Phosphorus and complex fertilizers can also be added to the soil.

Next you need to prune. This can be done when the average temperature reaches -5 to -10 0C. You should remove all the seed pods, shorten the shoots by an average of 10 cm and pinch the side branches so that new growths form in their place. Formative pruning is strictly forbidden - this will weaken the plant..

Hibiscus roots must be mulched before the cold weather. Garden perlite or dry straw are suitable for this.

After the soil is well fertilized and moistened, the plant is pruned, and its roots are mulched, you can cover it.

How to cover: step-by-step instructions

When the temperature drops to -15, the hibiscus should definitely be covered, but this can be done earlier.

The best material for this is spruce branches. Its effectiveness has been proven by research. The only negative when using it is the interest of rodents in it, although they can be quickly dealt with using mousetraps or special means, laid at the base of the shelter.

The usual coverings may also be suitable. garden materials. For example, spunbond, lutrasil or agrotex. But in severe (below -15 0C) and prolonged frosts they may be ineffective. In this case, you can make several layers.

So, to cover hibiscus for the winter you need:

1. Make a frame around the bush. It is better if it is in the form of a hut so that the snow does not linger on its roof and break the tree. If the plant is herbaceous, you can simply bend it to the ground.
2. Wrap it with covering material or cover it with spruce branches.
3. If necessary, apply several layers.
4. Secure the shelter.

If the plant is tree-like and strong enough, you can do without a frame. Then simply wrap the bush with covering material or sheaves of spruce branches and strengthen it.

Photo

Here you can see a photo of a tree hibiscus in the garden:

Cold weather care

Hibiscus in winter special care does not need. The main thing is to check that the shelter is not damaged and the bush is not left without protection. It is also worth paying attention to whether the layer of snow bends it too much to the ground. Otherwise the tree may be damaged.

What to do at the end of winter?

As soon as the frosts recede and a stable above-zero temperature is established, you can open the hibiscus. There is no need to sound the alarm if the plant does not immediately begin to form new buds. He still needs to wake up. In spring or early summer it is already possible to carry out formative pruning

In general, caring for garden hibiscus does not require any special skills. The main thing is to provide comfortable conditions For tropical plant. Proper watering and fertilizing, as well as taking care of it during cold weather, will allow you to enjoy its flowering for more than one season.