If you have a small-sized apartment of the Khrushchev series, in which there is a very small sanitary room, do not despair. You can always find a way out, choose an interesting design to bring harmony and comfort to your home. The lighting of a small bathroom is increasingly attracting the attention of designers, as this room should be brighter than other rooms. Among the principles of proper lighting in a small bathroom is the use of a three-level system: lighting on the walls, ceiling, floor. With this option, you can create optimal lighting in a small bathroom.
Design secrets
With the right placement of spotlights, the effect is amazing. In addition to the classic ceiling chandelier, you can install halogen lamps in the floor, around the bathtub, around the perimeter of the shower cabin. To give the bathroom a romantic atmosphere, you can use the backlight of the mirror.
An interesting lighting option in a small bathroom is presented in the video
Ceiling bathroom lighting
For bathroom lighting small size one ceiling lamp is enough.
Advice ! Depending on the chosen design option, open or closed fixtures can be used.
For suspended ceilings built-in options are preferable, for a regular ceiling - open models. Since there is not enough natural light in the bathroom, a spotlight with an adjustable angle of rotation can be used to solve the problem.
How to properly illuminate a bathroom mirror
Zoning is used in any room, including the bathroom. You can make the space around the mirror a separate functional area. If a small bathroom has a podium, a niche, designers recommend lighting them as much as possible.
Advice ! An interesting solution there will be placement of spotlights on both sides of the mirror. They will provide quality lighting but won't dazzle your eyes.
How to light up a bath
For complete relaxation in the process of taking a bath, it must be separated from furniture and plumbing items. Some manufacturers offer bath models with independent lighting. Among the disadvantages of this choice is the high cost of production.
Furniture lighting
When thinking about the lighting of a small bathroom, you can organize the lighting of the furniture. For example, halogen lamps can be installed inside the cabinet. When you open it, you can easily find all the items you need.
floor lighting
An interesting solution would be floor lighting in a small bathroom. Suitable for the bathroom sealed and durable fixtures, the power of which does not exceed 5 watts. It is this light source that is suitable for rooms with high humidity. To give the floor an unusual lighting effect, you can use colored light bulbs.
With the right lighting in the bathroom, you can visually expand the space, make a small room elegant and spacious.
As interesting option lighting in the bathroom, a false window with decorative lighting protrudes. In bright light, a good option would be to decorate the bathroom with ceramic or mirror tiles. If spotlights are chosen correctly, they will not only be a source of light, but will also help create a variety of visual illusions that hide or emphasize the highlights of the interior.
Attention ! In pursuit of the wealth and beauty of the interior, we must not forget about security. Take care of the grounding of lighting fixtures, do not allow direct contact with water.
If desired, you can additionally install special switches in the bathroom to control the power of the light. In the morning, you can use the maximum power of light, while fully “waking up”. After a hard day at work, when you want to relax and unwind in warm bath, lighting is reduced to a minimum.
Zoning Options
The ideal option is the organization of an independent source of lighting in each area of the bathroom. A similar rule applies to small Khrushchev. Let's analyze some popular ways of zoning such small bathrooms. Spotlights can be installed above all plumbing fixtures. The desired object is isolated using a directed light beam, its source can be placed in various places. An interesting solution for bathroom design is the use of two-position spotlights for lighting in the bathroom. different zones. It is desirable to use diffused soft light so that the bathroom is comfortable and cozy. Designers recommend using a lampshade made of frosted glass. A white lampshade that does not distort natural shades is also suitable for these purposes.
Attention ! Cold spectrum fluorescent lamps are not suitable for lighting a mirror, as they will distort the image.
The spectrum of the lamps should be similar to the spectrum of natural light. You can fix the lamps directly to the wall with glue or self-tapping screws.
Wall lamps in the bathroom are divided into:
- on near-surface plafonds, fixed at a minimum distance from the wall;
- wall sconces, the lampshade of which is attached to a special bracket.
- suspended structures made in the form of bowls of various shapes, mounted on special suspensions.
For a small bathroom, small pendant lamps attached to the ceiling. Among the new fashion trends- the use of spotlights of the original form.
Advice ! If you divide the wiring into several buttons, you can change the light intensity.
Choosing a place to install lamps
The choice of installation location in the bathroom of the lamp must be careful, as such lighting will demonstrate all the smallest imperfections of the walls in this room.
If desired, floor lighting fixtures for this room can also be purchased. They are structures that are installed on racks of different heights. Such floor lamps can be with one or more bulbs that differ in shape, size, and color of the lampshade. Such devices help to modernize the lighting in a small bathroom, for example, in Khrushchev apartments, without wasting time on installation. Benefits floor lamps note: reasonable cost, variety of models. If you purchase a tall floor lamp, you can use it to illuminate certain areas, such as a bathtub. Before proceeding with the installation of various types of fixtures in a given room, it is advisable to develop finished project. Having spent time on its manufacture, you will be able to take into account all the nuances, calculate the total power of the luminous flux, which you will eventually receive.
Conclusion
The owners of city apartments dream that all rooms are beautiful, cozy, comfortable for living. Considering that a person spends most of the daylight hours at work, it is very important to properly organize the lighting in your apartment so that in the evening it is cozy and calm, you can fully relax from a difficult day, tune in to new labor exploits. A special place in the whole apartment belongs to the bathroom. It is here that you want to relax, get rid of worries, enjoy warm water. The correct arrangement of bath accessories will give only half of the desired effect.
For complete harmony in this small room, you need to think about the lighting of all objects. Not all apartment owners can independently choose the best lighting option; professional designers are always ready to help them. Without theoretical knowledge in the field of electricity, practical skills in the installation of lighting fixtures, it will be difficult to perfectly cope with the task. They will take into account all the irregularities and defects of the walls, ceiling, floor, select such lighting options that will visually expand the walls of the bathroom. When implementing a project chosen by a professional, both the increased humidity of this room and the location of numerous accessories will be taken into account, so that the result is not only beautiful, but also safe for the inhabitants of the apartment.
A lot of lighting fixtures is good, but not in all cases. Of course, each person independently determines for himself how many and what types of lamps to install. These can be spot, standard shades in the center of the ceiling, etc. It is necessary to proceed from the space of the room.
Let's take a closer look at the types of lighting in the bathroom.
If you rely on standards, then there should be a ceiling lamp and wall sconces according to the correct one. There may be an option to combine the main ceiling lamp and several spotlights.
Placement of lighting fixtures
Lighting is always needed, even if there is. Following the standards, lighting in the bathroom should be three levels.
Top lighting. Great for small spaces. One plafond on the ceiling will be enough, you can add a scattering of stars, if the budget allows.
lighting working area. Of course it is. Install lighting fixtures on the sides, only at the top of the mirror. It is better to give preference to flexible brackets, so you can adjust the light, directing it to the desired area.
Floor lighting. It's more for decoration than functionality. Originally, you can emphasize the various elements of the room, you can build it into niches or steps. So it will be beautiful and additional light will appear. As in the photo of lighting in the bathroom.
The first thing you should pay attention to is the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. The lighting is completely different from the big one. It is not possible to hang a ceiling hanging lamp. It won't be practical. And in a large room, one chandelier with several shades is not installed. It just won't be enough to light up the bath.
Second rule. Do not buy models made of colored glass, the light in such devices will be distorted. The most popular and optimal option, ceiling closed type, made from transparent material, can be matte and white.
The third tip, choose lamps for style. Here for example: modern style requires bright light, there should be a lot of it, you can use a backlight of a different color. In the Japanese style, on the contrary, the light should soothe.
The fourth lighting option is a classic. If the interior of the room is fully consistent with the style, attach lamps with concise forms without unnecessary elements. Preferably vintage glass, it will create an interesting game on.
LED lights
We live in a modern world and every day I come up with new solutions in lighting technology. One of these LED lightening baths. It is beneficial in that it consumes little energy, the service life is about 100 thousand hours.
It is used to decorate various items: mirror, bedside tables, ceiling, etc. Here already to your taste.
It is also possible to use with a combination of spotlights. Of course, such equipment costs a lot, this is perhaps the only negative.
Installation of fixtures on a stretch ceiling
Today, more and more often you can find stretch ceilings in the apartment and the bathroom is no exception.
Consider the process of installing lighting in stretch ceilings in the bathroom:
Devices are mounted to the rack, which is located at the base of the ceiling. After that, the canvas is stretched in which holes are made for the devices. So that the canvas does not tear, the hole is fixed with special yokes.
Important! Choose lighting equipment with overhead mounts, in which case there will be no problems with installation. Do not choose chandeliers or shades with a flat shape, they are completely unsuitable for a stretch ceiling.
Ceiling lighting in the bathroom can be achieved using lamps with outdoor minions. Convenient and practical option.
Do not forget that the lighting in the bathroom is no less important than in others, because a lot of time is spent there, especially the female half.
Photo of lighting in the bathroom
The placement of lighting fixtures in the bathroom is a responsible task, during which it is necessary to plan in detail the placement of new light sources. Before finishing works it is necessary to lay electrical cables to their installation sites and only then figure out what kind of lighting should be in the bathroom.
The modern design of lighting devices involves almost any option for their installation. Today you can find options not only for the ceiling, classic location, but also for floor mounting options. For example, when halogen lamps are installed in the floor around a bath or shower. A romantic atmosphere will be created by the illumination of mirrors in the bathroom.
For an ordinary ceiling, open-type lamps are mainly used, for hemmed ones - closed. Without fail, for general lighting of bathrooms use ceiling lamps. One is enough for a small room. Due to the fact that there is a shortage of natural light in the bathroom, in cases where one ceiling lamp is not enough, spotlights are used. The direction of lighting can be adjusted and the illumination of almost all areas in the room can be achieved at a sufficient level.
Also, when choosing ceiling lights, it is necessary to take into account the height of the ceilings and do not use long chandeliers with low ceilings.
For suspended ceilings, recessed luminaires are mainly used. The choice of shape, color and design of fixtures is carried out taking into account overall design space and personal preference. The main thing is that the devices are functional.
Mirror lighting
Even the bathroom has a zoning rule. If there are areas of podiums or niches, they are recommended to be illuminated. The area around the mirror is no exception; as a rule, it is separated into a separate functional area. When lighting it, an attractive method would be to install several spotlights on both sides of the mirror. This performance will create good lighting and will not blind.
The choice of the number of fixtures depends on the area of the room and individual functional areas. If the room is small, about 5 m², then one lamp for two or three lamps is enough, while it is desirable to illuminate the mirror and washbasin as a separate functional area. This will make it much easier and more convenient to perform all hygiene procedures. If the area of the room is large enough, then it is better to implement zonal lighting, depending on the configuration of the room, the general design solution and other factors, including the following:
- General color scheme of the room - bright hues reflect light and make the room brighter.
- The presence of reflective surfaces(glossy surfaces, ceramic tiles, mirrors) and general style interior.
- The height of the room and the proximity of the light source to the people in the room. Here, the closer the light source is to the eyes, the brighter it is.
- Luminaire type.
The number and location of lighting fixtures must be determined before the start of finishing work in order to avoid additional work and expenses. Only after a detailed layout can you decide what kind of lighting to make in the bathroom.
Choice of lighting
With today's wealth of choice of lighting devices, anyone who makes repairs will easily select a model that matches their tastes and preferences. The main types of lighting fixtures according to the method of their installation:
- Open, overhead or suspended.
- Embedded or hidden. Suitable for small bathrooms with low ceilings.
All used lighting devices perform one or more functions:
- lighting of working areas (mirror, sink);
- basic, flood lighting;
- directed;
- decorative lighting.
For all fixtures, a large selection of lamps is offered, they are different in the way they create a luminous flux and are divided into incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, LED lamps.
Thus, you can select and combine types of lighting fixtures and lamps to suit your taste and budget. The most economical in the work now are LED lamps. An LED strip can be used as an interesting design solution. It is worth paying attention that the lamp in the bathroom should be not only beautiful and economical, but also safe. LED devices fully meet these requirements, their only drawback is their high cost.
Placement of lights in the bathroom
All the nuances of placing lamps in the bathroom, their type, luminous flux power must be worked out at the stage of the project. The light in this room should be soft, diffused, closer to the natural spectrum. For this purpose, matte or white shades are used. This way of lighting creates a more comfortable environment.
Used to illuminate mirrors Wall lights, which are of the following types:
- Wall sconces, in which the lampshade is fixed on a special bracket.
- Pendant lamps in the form of bowls of various shapes, mounted on special suspensions.
- Plafonds wall mounting mounted on the wall or at a short distance from it.
Lamps with cold light fluorescent lamps are not suitable for mirror illumination, as they distort the reflection.
A good option is to install your own light source in each of the areas of the bathroom. For example, highlighting any of the functional or decorative elements using directional light. It can be a mirror, cabinet, sink. Attractive dot LED illumination of hangers, hooks and shelves. Multi-level zoning options are possible. Basically, three levels are distinguished: the upper one is the level of the ceiling lamp, the middle one is the level of the eyes and the placement of the mirror, and the lower one is about 10 cm from the floor.
An interesting solution is the use of two-position lamps. It is necessary to be very careful when choosing the location of the light sources in the bathroom, if they are not positioned correctly and the direction of the light is not correct, uneven walls or ceilings can be highlighted, as well as unnecessary shadow zones can be created. Lighting in the bathroom should be shadow-free, and this is the main criterion for the placement of fixtures. Another good one economical solution is the installation of independent switches for the luminaires of each zone.
Some expert advice based on practice:
- Lighting should be shadowless, uniform and diffused, while the rule applies: the power of each source is the smaller, the greater their number.
- Due to the competent distribution of fixtures, each functional area should be illuminated.
- To avoid glare, it is necessary to place the lamps at an angle to reflective surfaces, the light should not fall on them perpendicularly.
- Placing a single light above a mirror is another common mistake. In this arrangement, the reflection is distorted. It would be more correct to place light sources on two sides or on top and on both sides at the same time.
- An interesting solution is to create color spots using colored shades or ceramic tile inserts. This solution should not be used near mirrors, as the reflection is distorted.
- non-standard and original solution will use LED strip as a source of illumination. Those who like to experiment should like the following placement options: under the windowsill, under the side of the bathtub, and so on.
- A functional and economical solution would be to install independent switches for each functional group of fixtures, there is no need to turn on the lighting near the mirror if you just need to wash your hands.
Furniture lighting
A solution that will provide more convenience is to install lights inside the locker. But such lamps must be placed correctly. Thus, it will always be very easy to navigate in the locker and find everything you need. For this, you can use, for example, battery-operated LED lamps.
A good design technique for visually expanding the space is floor lighting. For these purposes, spotlights in a sealed design are well suited. This design is intended for rooms with high humidity. The power of such lamps should not exceed 5 watts. To create unusual effects, multi-colored light bulbs are used. To give more depth and volume, light floor blocks or light boxes are mounted in the floor, which can create a three-dimensional image of the sea or river bottom.
False window in the interior
Another design find for creating decorative lighting in rooms is a false window. False windows can imitate any "window view" and visually expand the space. Illumination in the bathroom of water jets in the shower cabin will also create a unique cozy atmosphere. Water will be colored by light in different colors. More common LED shower heads with three types of illumination: blue, red and green. The color changes depending on the water temperature. The main thing is that such nozzles do not require batteries and other external sources power, so showering under illuminated water is safe.
To create softer lighting, switches with continuously adjustable luminous flux are used - such devices are called dimmers. They allow you to change the lighting depending on the time of day and increase the life of the lamps. It is important to remember that a different type of dimmer is selected for each type of lamp.
Selection and installation
Electricity and water are incompatible, and where high humidity is present, a special approach to lighting fixtures is necessary. Therefore, when choosing, installing and using luminaires, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules security:
- Only lamps with closed lamps are used, otherwise an overheated product may simply explode when water enters, and glass fragments will scatter around the room.
- In no case should you install fixtures directly above the bath or shower.
- It is necessary to exclude the risk of water entering the lighting fixtures.
- Luminaires must be of the appropriate IP (International Protection) class.
- Metal fixtures must be protected from corrosion.
- The power of the fixtures in the shower and bath should not exceed 12 watts.
- Avoid exposed wiring, extensions and tees. Splicing of wires through terminal blocks or twisting is not allowed.
Bathroom lighting has multiple functions.. Approaches to its arrangement should be comprehensive and take into account many factors: the total power of lighting devices, the power of the luminous flux produced by them, the protection class, design, safety, and much more. Therefore, it is very important to remember safety precautions both at the installation stage and during use. Thanks to well-designed bathroom lighting, you can create a comfortable and cozy space and emphasize the uniqueness of the interior.
The bathroom is a place not only for hygiene procedures, but also for relaxation after a hard working day. Here we bathe, do laundry, put ourselves in order, and we can also take a bath, relax and gain new strength. Therefore, competent lighting in such a room is no less important than in others. For many years, it was represented by only one lamp, more often a ceiling lamp with an incandescent lamp, hanging on the ceiling or above the door. But nowadays there is a wide variety of methods of lighting even such a specific room as a bathroom to make life more comfortable. First, let's talk about how to make bathroom lighting safe.
Safety rules for organizing lighting in the bathroom
In the bathroom there is a microclimate with high humidity, which must be taken into account in the case of do-it-yourself wiring and lighting.
You also need to take care that the lighting is as close as possible to natural daylight, so that makeup is applied correctly and hygiene procedures are conveniently performed. Certain rules must be followed:
- To correctly calculate the bathroom lighting scheme, for this you can resort to the help of professionals. After all, alterations can then be costly, take extra time and effort.
- Do not place open sockets, tees in the bathroom, extension cords should also not be used here. It is best to choose special waterproof sockets, and electrical appliances should also have a high degree of protection.
- It is best to disperse the wiring in a hidden way. If the cable is laid open, then it must be protected with a corrugation or a plastic tube.
- All wiring in the bathroom must be grounded.
- It is necessary to choose only fixtures that are well tolerated by moisture. At the same time, their metal parts must have anti-corrosion protection.
- The power of lighting fixtures should be small, no more than 12 watts.
- For the safety of swimmers, it is important to correctly place the lamps in the room. You can not hang the sconce directly above the bath to avoid contact of water with a hot ceiling, so that the light bulb does not break. You should also beware of open incandescent bulbs in a humid room - if the bulb breaks, its scattered fragments can cause significant harm.
- All unprotected sockets and electrical appliances must be at a sufficient distance from the water, at least 2.5 meters.
- There are four humidity zones in the bathroom - in the immediate vicinity of the bath, sink or shower; space above the bathroom ceiling; half a meter from the edge of the bathroom or washbasin; at a distance of 2.5-3 meters from the bath and sink, where only condensate reaches. Depending on the humidity zone, it is necessary to choose a light fixture more or less high level protection, according to their existing classification.
The number and location of fixtures in the bathroom
Even while planning repair work you should consider the number of lighting fixtures in the bathroom. Nowadays there are different variants lighting, which will allow you to make a choice based on your own preferences, the availability of finances and design ideas. You can choose between open and recessed fixtures, while you should pay attention to the size of the room and the height of the ceilings. After all, the closer the lamps are to a person, the brighter they illuminate all the necessary objects.
Sconce in the bathroom
If the bathroom is small, you can limit yourself to one central light source on the ceiling - a chandelier with several shades, one closed shade, a wall lamp or a directional lamp.
But still, one source may not be enough, so experts recommend installing additional lighting for the working area - a place near the washbasin and mirror.
Given the importance of convenience when applying makeup and shaving, such a backlight will allow you to perform these processes more efficiently.
If the bathroom is large enough, then it is possible to highlight and highlight each zone separately - a washing area (washbasin and mirror), a bathing area (bath or shower), a free area (for example, for washing). In a spacious room, you can install several ceiling lights - about six are enough. When selecting several lighting objects, their size and power may be less than if there is one central one.
Depending on the location, the lamps are divided into types:
- Ceiling: it traditional look lighting needed in every bathroom. They provide the main light, indicate the exit, are often the only source of light in the room.
- Wall-mounted: used to illuminate the functional areas of the bathroom, give the room more convenience, and sometimes a special aesthetic effect.
- Floor: are optional, have a more decorative function. They give an unusual effect, sophistication, visually expand the space of a small bathroom. It will be especially interesting to use multi-colored light bulbs. The power of such lamps is about 5 watts, and you should definitely take care of good protection against moisture.
A new trend in bathroom lighting is the use of spot lighting. It can be performed using different types of fixtures and performs the function of highlighting a specific area for a specific need. Luminaires can be swivel to illuminate the desired object at the moment.
We highlight the following features of the location of light sources in the bathroom:
- Light should be uniform and properly distributed, do not forget about different functional areas bathroom.
- It is better to direct the lighting fixtures not perpendicular to reflective surfaces, but at a certain angle to them.
- When lighting a mirror, hang lamps on the sides of it, or side lamps in combination with the top ones. This will achieve the effect of light reflection and the absence of shadows on the face and any unnecessary distortion.
- It is better to connect different lamps with separate lines, so that if necessary, turn on either bright or subdued light.
- Furniture can also be illuminated, especially the contents of cabinets and shelves, in order to find the items you need in such dimly lit places.
- Separately, you can highlight and highlight the bath or shower, although this has a more decorative function. The illumination of measuring instruments will also be useful, lamps with low power will be sufficient.
Types of bathroom fixtures
To date, there are several types of lamps that can be used to illuminate the bathroom:
- Incandescent lamps.
- Halogen lamps.
- LED lights.
An incandescent lamp is a product that is popular, widely known and used in everyday life due to its availability, low price and instant ignition. It does not depend on temperature environment, works silently, but still has some drawbacks. This is relatively un long term service - designed for approximately 1000 hours, and strong heating. It is not recommended to use it together with plastic shades, fabric lampshades.
Halogen lamp - has excellent light output, copes well with thermal radiation, will last a long time, can be used in spot lighting on suspended ceilings. They have a power of 220 V and 12 V. But they need to install a low-voltage transformer, and they also consume quite a lot of electricity.
Fluorescent lamps - differ in a wide variety of shades of light, designed for a long time. But they can react to ambient temperature and voltage, and simply do not ignite. They also work with more noise than other lamps, and have a power of no more than 150 watts.
LED lighting - characterized by low energy consumption and long service life, used for spot lighting of rooms. The only drawback is its high price - both for lamps and related equipment.
With the help of any kind of these lamps, you can create the right lighting in the bathroom.
To avoid distorting the light in the bathroom, you should choose a closed shade made of matte white or transparent material.
Cold spectrum fluorescent lamps, which can distort what we see, are also not suitable. You need to focus on the spectrum of natural light, especially considering that most bathrooms are dominated by artificial lighting due to their distance from the windows facing the street.
Plafonds with stained glass will create interesting light reflections on the walls, which will add zest to the room.
Suitable lighting power
The level of illumination of the sanitary premises affects the comfort of the residents there. Therefore, there are norms for the number of lumens per square meter rooms, that is, according to the brightness of the light flux of each light bulb.
For sanitary facilities, 200 lumens per square meter is sufficient. At the same time, we must not forget about the decoration of the walls of the room: the darker the tone of the finish, the more light will be needed for comfortable lighting.
- Incandescent lamps with a power of 25 to 100 watts have a brightness of 200 to 1350 lumens.
- Halogen lamps will give brightness from 625 to 1170 lumens.
- Fluorescent lamps will provide 1500 to 2000 lumens.
- - the brightest, up to 6000 lumens, moreover, they can be selected for any need due to the many configurations of such backlighting.
Decorative lighting in the bathroom
If space permits, you can let your imagination run wild and add decorative lighting to the main one. It will give a special atmosphere to the bathroom, can organize an intimate atmosphere. Now you can highlight everything your heart desires - the floor, windows, niches, steps, the perimeter near the bath. There is even a backlight built into the bath, but this is one of the expensive projects. You can install LED strip around the perimeter of the floor and ceiling, which will create a unique effect. A starry sky effect ceiling light, installed in addition to one central lamp, will look amazing. With your own hands you can make lanterns from shiny cans by making holes in the jars and placing a candle inside. They can be transferred to different places thus playing with the lighting.
The main thing here is a sense of harmony, style, the presence of taste and imagination, then all ideas can be realized with best result. Or you can turn to specialists who will develop a suitable individual project for the bathroom, will hide all the flaws and emphasize the advantages, based on any area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
So, the organization of lighting in the bathroom is a rather interesting task and has different alternatives. It is worth paying attention to it in order to achieve the best effect and the greatest comfort in such a room that is necessary for life.
The choice of lighting devices is determined not only by the room, but also by the personal tastes of the owners. Some prefer plafonds of standard shapes, located in the center, while others prefer spotlights. Consider how to organize the lighting in the bathroom so that it helps create the right atmosphere.
Basic lighting rules
It seems that the selection of lighting fixtures is not such a difficult matter. But the bathroom is different from the rest, if only because the natural light inside is almost completely absent. One light bulb is not enough to ensure proper comfort. It is necessary to make intense light, general or local.
The modern market offers many solutions in this direction. You need to choose what is ideal for a particular room. For example, small and spacious areas require different proportions, both in intensity and in the placement of light sources.
Security questions
This requirement can be attributed, perhaps, to the most important. When choosing lighting fixtures, you need to carefully study the index with the marking. Their decryption will be as follows:
- The first digit indicates how dustproof the device is. If there is no protection, then it costs 0. Full protection is indicated as 6, this is an important indicator.
- The second digit is for the level of moisture protection. If it costs 8, the moisture resistance is complete. This means that the device will withstand even if it is lowered directly into the water for a long time. But appliances with the number 0 are not suitable for bathrooms at all.
- The third digit is the impact resistance value. This indicator can be from 0 to 10. If the value is maximum, then the formation of dents, chips and cracks after mechanical impacts with a force of up to 20 J is acceptable. Some manufacturers refuse to indicate impact resistance, then the index will have only two digits.
IP 442 is the optimal level that provides protection against negative factors. The location area and operating conditions must always be taken into account. The marking must be at least IP 674 in the case of fixtures inside the showers, next to the washbasins. IP 452 - marking suitable for ceiling areas in the same rooms.
LED lamp IP 442 Types of lamps and selection criteria
The quality of lighting depends not only on the proper arrangement of fixtures, but also on the power of the lamps. Usually one suitable main device is chosen, which is supplemented by several auxiliary ones. This model is also suitable for suspended ceiling coverings.
Top lighting in the bathroom does not exclude the possibility of using combinations. For example, a regular ceiling lamp, complemented by spotlights.
Depending on certain factors, there are several types of lamps:
- According to the purpose of application. Here we are talking about additional decorative lighting, or general, working, main. In each case, the location of the devices is selected separately.
- Type of lamps. Metal halide, LED, fluorescent, incandescent, halogen lamps can be distinguished.
- By location. The presence of protrusions above the surface allows us to talk about working with types of closed or open devices.
- Based on work areas. Lamps are above the bathroom or in cabinets, near mirrors or doors.
Different types of bathroom fixtures It is advisable to calculate the load from the mains in the bathroom at the planning stage. It is recommended to install a separate machine on the branch due to the presence high humidity. Then the network will receive additional protection against short circuits, and fewer problems arise during its organization.
incandescent lamp
Easy operation with affordable prices made such products very popular. When turned on, the light bulb immediately lights up, which makes it especially functional. Product performance is practically independent of ambient temperature.
But there are also a number of disadvantages. For example, a low level of luminous flux, along with a short service life of only 100 hours. The light bulbs get very hot, and therefore, under some circumstances, their use becomes impossible.
It is not allowed to install an incandescent lamp in a lamp with a small lampshade, with a variety of shades made of plastic or textile-based products.
It is undesirable to put an incandescent lamp in such a lamp. Halogen varieties
Such lamps are more often used in so-called spots. The main advantages are long service life, high light output. It is supposed to use an aluminum diffuser, for which thermal radiation will not become a problem, due to which it is possible to use it in spotlights, regardless of what surface they are mounted on.
The power of such lamps is in the range of 12-50 watts. In the first case, you need additional installation low voltage transformer.
Why are luminescent types good?
The luminous flux and service life are even longer than previous models. It is supposed to use different types of phosphor, which are responsible for creating different shades. For example, with such products, the light can be cold natural, warm white, daylight, and so on.
Models in the form of tubes can be used as independent light sources. This design has a drawback only in the sense that it actively reacts with a decrease in temperature and pressure, after which the product ceases to ignite. The operation of light bulbs is by no means silent. The presence of limiting power up to 150 watts is characteristic.
LED backlight
Manufacturers say that LEDs can last up to 100,000 hours in total, while they are a small amount of energy, whose consumption is active. Most often, lamps of this variety complement spotlights located on an area of 1 square meter and are used to create special lighting strips. Even thin glass will not suffer from them.
Calculation of the optimal power indicator
The level of illumination largely determines how comfortable it will be in a particular room. After all, this indicator can even affect not only our nervous system but also for sight. Therefore, the relevant standards were created, which indicate how many lumens should be used per square meter. This will allow you to understand which models illuminate the premises.
But when buying, many pay more attention to the energy consumed, which is measured in Watts. The brightness of light under specific circumstances is determined precisely by lumens. It depends on how the interior of the bathroom will look like.
200 lumens per square will be enough for most bathrooms:
- With LEDs of 40-80 W, 6 thousand lumens are needed.
- 40 W fluorescent lamps require 2000 lm, 200 W - only 1500.
- Halogen lamps at 230 volts and 42 watts assume 625 lm. If the power is 70 W, then 1500 lm will need to be applied. Keep this in mind during renovations.
- In the case of conventional incandescent lamps, 200 lm is enough. At 100 watts, 1350 lumens are needed.
The right places to install fixtures
Light streams are always not enough. Therefore, the ideal option is recognized when the entire system has three levels:
- Upper level - ceiling lighting in the bathroom. Usually they mean a chandelier, which is mounted in the middle of the ceiling. But, if the room is small, it is recommended to give preference to point options. For example, in the form of several small shades evenly spaced on the ceiling, or along a common perimeter.
- Lighting in the bathroom for work areas. Assumes the provision of illumination for areas of paramount importance. Here, sconces are usually used along with lamps, they are often placed near mirrors, sinks and showers. To illuminate the working parts of the space, the brightness of the light is important.
- Bottom lighting in the bathroom. There are more decorative elements than functional ones. Designs are needed to decorate any part of the room. Illumination is used in various types, but more often LED.
Types of lamps and methods of their fastening
The widest range on the market lighting equipment, which allows everyone to choose perfect option, which is suitable in one case or another. design intent, technical specifications and the method of installation - that's what you should rely on when choosing.
The fastening method allows us to distinguish three types of construction:
- Embedded. These are the so-called "spots", spotlights. In a small bathroom, they easily serve as the main or additional lighting. Installation involves the use of special ears, carried out at the base of suspended ceilings. The main thing is that the interceiling sinus does not exceed 12 centimeters in the case of incandescent lamps, and 7 centimeters for halogen lamps.
- Suspended. It is assumed that multi-track chandeliers or single-lamp lamps are suspended directly on a metal hook in the ceiling. It is necessary to correctly select only the power of the main lamps so that the light fluxes do not irritate.
- Overhead. Many ceiling lights are like this. They are suitable for any surface that serves as a base in a particular room. They can be made the main or additional light source. Designs are supplied with tips made of metal or plastic. Installation is carried out using hardware. Devices are most often produced with preservation correct forms which is easy to see in the photo.
On the video: tips for choosing bathroom fixtures.
Types of lighting
Lighting is divided into main, working, lower or additional, as already mentioned above. Any lighting devices can be used: chandelier, wall sconces, spotlights and pendant lights, overhead models. The most popular option is the point type of structures. Especially when additional comfort needs to be provided in the bathing area.
A convenient option for lighting in the bathroom - lamps with flexible brackets. They are better protected from mechanical damage.
Lighting Options
Lighting elements in the bathroom must be properly positioned. classical ceiling chandelier easily complemented by halogen spotlights, it is acceptable to use decorative lighting around the bathtub, along the perimeter of the room.
small bath
tricks modern design small bathroom are built on the fact that it is worth choosing the right color of the walls, equipment and decorative elements. The main thing is to ensure that the shadows inside the room practically disappear. The light should be bright, but not blinding.
Single lamps are used, but they do not allow even distribution of energy throughout the room. It is better to use several structures located on the ceiling or walls correctly. There are different options for bathroom lighting, photos will help you choose the right one.
LED lighting is the best choice for water procedures in the morning or evening. different types LED strip allows you to realize any design ideas. The space of the bathroom will visually increase if you place a lot of mirrors around the work area.
Decorative lighting
Sometimes you can make it so that the light alone will create a unique atmosphere. There are many options for decorative lighting, which will be not only beautiful, but also practical.
ceiling lighting
light shades finishing materials is not the only option. You can use a glossy ceiling of other colors, but so that its surface is mirrored. Then the right solution is lighting equipment, which seems to protrude somewhat above the ceiling surface.
As an addition, you can make the ceiling a kind of "starry sky", strewn with a lot of LED spot elements.
Floor lighting
Floor lighting allows you to create an atmosphere that is more conducive to relaxation. Pedestals along with bathtub sides are often decorated with LED strips and spotlights. The latter are often included in decorative screens, niches, under the bath, as well as in the skirting boards.
mirror lighting
The issue of lighting a mirror in the bathroom is one of the most relevant. Great option- installation of lighting elements around the object or the use of built-in models mounted around the perimeter. LED equipment, fluorescent lamps - optimal choice in such circumstances. The main thing is to make sure that the mirror does not have a blinding effect and additional glare, they will only interfere.
The correct light from the mirror should fall on the face, but evenly. On the sides, as well as above the mirror surfaces, sconces are mounted under a lampshade or lamps with frosted glass.
Bath lighting
The bath itself can also be illuminated. To do this, most often they install two lamps, one of which is directly above the bathroom. The LED strip around the perimeter of the bath will be the best solution if there is a lack of light during water procedures. color LED lights will allow you to use additional healing effects.
Zoning with light
With the help of zoning, you can select certain zones in the room. In the case of the bathroom, this approach involves lighting work areas, for example, near the mirror, sink, cabinets, etc. LED lighting types in bathrooms in the area of hooks and shelves are attractive appearance. Such illumination is quite enough for normal functioning and use of space.
Layered lighting
The bathroom is just one of the rooms where you can often observe some tiering. The same thing happens in the toilet. Any lighting element located at a distance of 180 centimeters or more from the floor is considered the top level. There can be several light sources here, or one can be used. For the realization of fantasy and ideas, you do not need to choose one, there are no restrictions.
The middle level is about the same as the human eye. It is important to illuminate the area where the mirrors are located. It all depends on what manipulations are carried out most often.
The lower level is no more than 10 centimeters from the floor level. In this case, it is more often various types decorative lighting. Best options - led strip or spotlights.
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