Building a house from foam blocks with your own hands. DIY foam block house. Step-by-step construction with photos

Building a house with your own hands is always a responsible and difficult task. The first step is to select the building material from which the future home will be built. Foam blocks are becoming increasingly popular today. And if you are going to build it yourself, then it is important to emphasize that this material just perfect for this purpose. Why? We'll find out as the article progresses, but first let's look at the main types of projects made from this building material.

Projects using foam blocks

Of course, before you finally decide on the type of new home, you must first review many various options and projects, so that you can then choose the most optimal one. Buildings may vary in size, type of layout and number of floors. Next, we will look at the projects that are most often used by customers for implementation. It is possible that among the presented solutions there will be one that you choose.

Little house. In such a project, a combined living room and kitchen will be located on the ground floor. On the second floor there will be a bedroom with a bathroom. The stairs lead to the balcony, which in turn leads to the bedroom.

One-story dwelling of 64 sq. meters. This one made of foam blocks provides a kitchen open type with a small dining area, a bathroom with a toilet, a couple of rooms with an area of ​​9 and 14 meters, and, of course, a living room. The project, despite its small footprint, offers all the necessary premises for comfortable living.

Building with an area of ​​71 sq. meter. With such an area, the building will have two floors. The first will accommodate utility rooms, living room, kitchen and bathroom. On the second floor there are dressing rooms and bedrooms. The dimensions of the rooms do not prevent residents from implementing reasonable zoning in their homes.

Another option for a house design with an identical area and number of storeys can be offered spacious kitchen on the ground floor with a comfortable dining area. In addition, there will also be a bathroom and a living room. As for the second floor, there will be three bedrooms there.

Project for 73 square meters. In this case, the footage will be limited to a bathroom, a couple of bedrooms and a combined living room with a fenced kitchen glass doors. The latter will make the room visually larger.

One-story 74 sq. meters. The design of a house made of foam blocks involves the organization of compact rooms: a bedroom with an office, several bathrooms, a living room, a second smaller bedroom and a kitchen.

2-storey building with an area of ​​87 sq. meters. Downstairs - bathroom small sizes, kitchen and living room. On the second floor there is a bathroom and 3 bedrooms. The project provides for a two-flight staircase between the floors.

Two floors and 95 sq. m. On the 2nd floor the house has a balcony and an open plan. On the first floor there are utility rooms, namely one of the bathrooms with a kitchen, and a living room. In addition, on top there are a couple of children's rooms and a bedroom.

We build a house with our own hands

Base

As with the construction of any structure, to erect a building from foam blocks, the first step is to build a foundation. Majority country houses provides for a basement. Creating a foundation with your own hands begins with excavation work.

First it is dug foundation pit, where the basement will be located in the future.

When creating a basement, it is important to implement high-quality waterproofing, otherwise moisture will penetrate inside the building structures, destroying them. In addition, dampness can subsequently rise upward into living spaces.

If you are planning to build a 2-story house from foam blocks, then calculations related to future loads on building construction. Based on them, the most suitable one is selected optimal project basement, as well as the materials used. In the case of relatively light buildings with one floor, as a rule, ready-made solutions, For example, basement with cast ceiling and floor, and block-type walls.

After preparing the pit, a drainage system. To do this, you can use a pipe that will drain water into the well from the walls.

The next step for the basement floor is folding formwork. Using mats, soil is laid in the formwork, which not only levels the surface, but also increases the waterproofing of the room. Next, be sure to post reinforcing mesh in increments of 10x10 cm. If this is not done, the floor surface will become too fragile over time, reducing the service life to a minimum.

After this, the basement floor is poured with concrete. To do this, it is better to use a concrete mixer with a sleeve. With this approach, you just need to stretch the sleeve, and then check that the mixture is evenly poured over the reinforcing mesh.

The poured base is covered with film, after which it is left to cure for approximately a couple of weeks. To install concrete blocks, a metal strip is installed along the contour of the slab. Using a crane they are placed wall blocks, after which steel connections are applied.

The next step in building a house from foam blocks with your own hands involves installation work wall supports. Thanks to them, the ceiling slab will be fixed in the basement. The supports are made of steel angles, which must be fixed to the floor. The ceiling is poured in the same way as the floor.

The creation of a basement ends with the installation of waterproofing materials. For this purpose, roofing felt and resin are usually used. At the same time, the electrical network, insulation, ventilation and air ducts are being implemented. At the end, the structure is filled with gravel on all sides.

Walls

The next stage in the construction of a house made of foam blocks is the erection of walls. Waterproofing is placed on top of the basement ceiling slab.

Thanks to its low weight and precise shape, laying out the material with your own hands is easy. During the work, it is important to accurately control the installation of lintels, the evenness of corners and walls. Upon completion of the masonry of the walls, external finishing is carried out, for which you can use, for example, facing bricks, and waterproofing is also installed.

The ceiling of a house is made in the same way as a basement ceiling. At the end of the pouring, the surface is covered with film for a couple of weeks.

Roof

The next step for a house made of foam blocks involves creating a roof. For this purpose, many owners choose gable roof , since it is the easiest to implement with your own hands.

Supports for assembling the truss structure are purchased already finished form. Installation is carried out using a crane, after which the elements are tied together. For protection, the structure is covered with a film, after which the lathing is placed. In the case of foam blocks, you can use almost any roofing material. Among the wide variety in terms of characteristics and price optimal choice is metal tiles and.

However, each type of roof is different. own characteristics installations, so they should be considered separately.

Wall thickness

Before you start building a house from foam blocks, you need to accurately determine and calculate the characteristics and parameters of the future structure. So one of key points the thickness of the walls being erected is important, since thermal engineering and load-bearing abilities largely depend on it. Moreover, the thicker the finished walls, the better! However, no one has canceled the economic feasibility, which, by and large, is limited by increasing the thickness of the walls. Based on the listed parameters, the final thickness calculation is performed for each specific house.

Nuances when choosing an adhesive composition

Since it is considered a not very demanding building material, it is not necessary to use any special materials for laying out products. adhesives. A classic cement-sand mixture is also perfect for work.

The final choice is made based on a large set of factors, starting with the skills of the layer and ending with the thickness of the seam.

Reinforcement

It is important to note that in the case of walls made of foam blocks, reinforcement will not affect the load-bearing characteristics in any way. Nevertheless, it is still necessary to carry out reinforcement, because thanks to this you will significantly reduce the risk of cracks forming during the installation process.

Reinforcement should be carried out in:

• Areas with additional load;
• Bottom rows;
• Arches and openings;
• Every 4th and 5th row.

The work can be done using mesh or reinforcement. Let's look at both options.

Mesh

This kind of reinforcement is done only if there is thin seams and using glue. The mesh is either metal or plastic. It is laid out on top of the foam blocks, after which glue is poured.

The composition of the adhesive should be selected depending on the size of the mesh. At the same time, if the cross-sectional diameter of the wire exceeds 3 millimeters, then it is wiser to replace the glue with cement.

Fittings

In this case, foam blocks are used to reinforce the walls of a house. fiberglass or steel elements, the diameter of which in cross-section, as a rule, is 6-8 mm. During the laying process, a small groove is made in the block, which is also called a groove. This is where the reinforcement is placed. At the top it is covered with the material that holds the blocks together - cement mortar or glue.

Moreover, if the block is less than 20 cm in width, then one groove is made, if larger, two. You should not lay them too close to the edge, the distance should not be less than 6 cm. As for the reinforcement, it should go without corners, smoothly!

Thermal insulation

Undoubtedly, every person wants a house built with their own hands to remain comfortable, warm and cozy. Therefore, one cannot ignore such an issue as insulation of a building. Structures made of foam blocks usually do not require additional measures to insulate the walls, because the building material itself copes well with heat supply. The only thing that is important is to correctly determine the thickness of the walls.

For example, for the capital and the nearest region, the thickness of the wall made of foam blocks should not be less than 49 centimeters. In this case, the material must be fixed fine seams so that the design has a minimum number of cold bridges.

But if you still want to spend additional insulation, then it is important to adhere to some rules during the work process:

1. A vapor barrier is applied to the wall, and not just any barrier, but one that has a vapor transmission coefficient identical to the blocks themselves or even higher.
2. Thermal insulation must be installed directly on the wall without gaps. This eliminates the risk of condensation. If desired, you can use .

External cladding of the house

The appearance of any home can easily be transformed with the help of suitable decorative material. A good cladding of a building made of foam blocks can not only hide defects and visible defects, but also act as additional protection walls from negative factors.

Conduct external finishing walls can be done using facing bricks. Besides him, wonderful facing material considered lining and. Alternative option plaster appears, after which painting work takes place.

Cost of foam blocks

The question regarding the cost of building materials affects everyone who is just planning or is already starting to build their own Vacation home with your own hands. Like other products, the price of a foam block can vary greatly, based on the characteristics and manufacturer.

It is worth listing the main types of material presented on the market today:

1. Grasse. The cost of such blocks does not change even taking into account different characteristics. One cubic meter the material is estimated at 2,790 rubles. The properties of the products can be classified as average. At the same time, the price of a foam block can vary between 2,700 and 4,900 rubles.
2. Ytong. Material of this production is estimated at an average of 4,750 rubles, and the cost is quite justified, since products of this kind are distinguished by their density D-400 and 2.5-fold strength indicators. When the listed characteristics increase to D-600 and 5 times strength, the price of the product increases to 4,900 rubles. For material with density characteristics D-500 and 3.5 times strength, you will be asked about 4,700 rubles per cubic meter.
3. Bonolit. The products of this manufacturer are products of varying strength and density. So material with D-600 density offers a strength index of 3.5. An identical block with characteristics of 2.5 in strength and D-400 in density is estimated at 2,800 rubles. A little more expensive, about 3,300 rubles, is a cubic meter of foam block with lower density and strength. This is due to the greater thermal insulation of the material.

Advantages and disadvantages of building materials

Like any other building material, foam blocks have different pros and cons of use, which impose certain restrictions on the work of building a house with your own hands.

So the advantages include:

• Small mass. The weight of such products is much less than that of brick, and therefore buildings made from them are lighter. Thanks to this, the foundation of the house will experience less load, which reduces the cost of organizing the foundation. In addition, foam concrete is easy and quick to lay and process, which also has a positive effect on cost construction work.
• Comfortable conditions inside the building. High thermal insulation characteristics allow you to significantly reduce the costs associated with heating the building. At the same time, during the hot season, the walls will retain pleasant coolness inside. In addition, these properties make it possible to build a wall from one row, which also significantly reduces the cost of building a house.

• Low temperature fluctuations. Finished walls, structures and fences are resistant to chemicals and fire. Due to their porous structure, foam blocks are distinguished by their low thermal conductivity and excellent vapor permeability.
• Environmental friendliness. The material is produced by mixing cement and sand with the addition of foaming components.

Disadvantages:

• Only fragility products, which increases when production technology is violated. Over time, walls made of foam concrete can become saturated with moisture and also crack, which, of course, does not contribute to the pleasant appearance of the structures, causing destruction of the surfaces. Nevertheless, the shortcomings can be easily avoided if you initially approach the issue of choosing the material correctly or perform external cladding.

Thus, by following all the listed nuances and tips, you can easily build a house from foam blocks with your own hands, not only saving a lot of money and time, but also ultimately getting a high-quality and comfortable country home. Good luck!

Used to build houses different kinds block materials with a cellular structure, including foam blocks. Despite their low weight, they are distinguished by their increased volume and provide long term operation of buildings. The construction of a house from foam blocks can be carried out independently without significant financial expenses. The favorable microclimate of a residential building is facilitated by the thermal insulation properties of the building material. Let us dwell in detail on the properties of foam concrete and the specifics of construction.

We plan to use foam block for the house - characteristics of the building material

Foam concrete blocks are produced using a special technology that ensures uniform distribution of air cells in the concrete mass.

The technology involves mixing the following ingredients with water:

• blowing agent;
• sand;
• cement.

Concentration of air inclusions in finished foam concrete blocks exceeds half of their volume.

Foam blocks are great for building a house

Main performance characteristics of foam concrete:

• resistance to compressive loads. The strength of the foam block is marked with the capital letter B and a digital index in the range of 0.75–12.5;
• density. It varies depending on the level of porosity of the material that determines the purpose of the blocks. Amounts to D 200–D 1200;
• integrity during deep freezing. Foam concrete blocks are marked F15–F500 according to frost resistance;
• reduced thermal conductivity. The walls of a foam block building reliably retain heat, helping to maintain a comfortable temperature;
• ability to pass steam. Thanks to the porous structure of the blocks, a comfortable level of humidity is maintained in the room due to the release of excess moisture.

Cellular building materials, depending on density, are classified into the following types:

• products for structural purposes. They have a maximum density of more than 1.2 kg/m³ and are used for loaded structures;
• thermal insulation products. It has increased porosity, causing a decrease in density to 0.5 kg/m³, and is used for insulation;
• structural and thermal insulation blocks. At specific gravity up to 0.9 kg/m³ optimally combine strength with thermal insulation characteristics.

Construction of a house from foam blocks

The rounded dimensions of foam blocks are:

• length – 30–60 cm;
• width – 20–30 cm;
• height – 10–30 cm.

You can quickly build a house made of foam concrete using products with increased dimensions.

Building a house from foam blocks - advantages and disadvantages

When planning to build a house from foam blocks, carefully study the positive aspects and disadvantages of porous building materials. The main advantages of foam block material:

• reduced thermal conductivity. It helps maintain a favorable temperature in the living space and also reduces heating costs;
• low weight of products with increased dimensions. This allows you to carry out the work yourself and significantly shorten the construction cycle;
• affordable price of products. The use of inexpensive building materials can significantly reduce the overall cost of constructing a building made of foam concrete;
• non-flammability. The use of foam concrete blocks that are resistant to open fire increases fire safety buildings;
• long period of operation. The porous material does not crack as a result of freezing, long time maintains integrity;
• ease of machining. Foam concrete is flexible, making it easy to make holes and adjust dimensions;

The final design is reliable, durable and durable, and the cost of construction will be quite affordable

• harmlessness of the material to health. Foam concrete contains no harmful ingredients;
• effective noise absorption. The structure of porous concrete prevents extraneous sounds from penetrating into the room;
• sufficient strength for the construction of residential buildings. Strength properties allow the construction of houses up to 9 m high from foam concrete;
• increased surface roughness of foam concrete. Decorative plasters And finishing coatings adheres well to porous blocks.

The walls of a foam block building do not place an increased load on the foundation, and during the construction process there is no need to use special lifting equipment.

Despite the advantages of the material, foam block buildings have weaknesses:

• require mandatory cladding to protect building materials from moisture absorption;
• they need to use special glue for foam block masonry, which is more expensive than the cost of a standard solution;
• have an unpresentable appearance requiring additional execution decorative finishing foam concrete.

Disadvantages also include increased tolerances on the size of blocks that require adjustment. Before building a house from foam blocks, study the operating experience of similar buildings, and also analyze the characteristics of the cellular material.

Its ability to retain heat allows the material to be used for the construction of houses in places with unstable climates.

Building a house from foam block - what materials and tools are needed

List of building materials required for construction:

• blocks used as the main building material;
• special glue sold in crumbly form;
• reinforcing bars used in the reinforcement process.

Materials purchased in advance should be protected from moisture.

For construction work you will need various equipment and special tools:

• drill with a nozzle for mixing the adhesive mass;
• “grinder” for cutting reinforcement and fine-tuning the geometry of block products;
• rubberized mallet for compacting foam blocks during laying;
• a plane for foam concrete, making it easier to level out uneven surfaces;
• a hacksaw necessary for cutting foam concrete;
• spatula with teeth for applying the composition;
• construction cord, which is a guide when laying foam blocks;
• level for quality control of work performed;
• plumb line to control deviation from the vertical;
• spacious container for preparing the working mixture;
• a spatula with a flat working part for grouting.

To independently prepare the foundation solution, you will also need a concrete mixer.

To cut the foam block you do not need to use special tools; you can easily cut the material using a hacksaw

Construction of foam block houses - performing calculations

Before starting construction activities, it is important to correctly perform the calculations:

• determine the dimensions and layout of the building;
• calculate the need for material.

When determining the size of the house, consider the following points:

• land area;
• layout option;
• total estimated costs.

Calculate the need for foam concrete blocks using the following algorithm:

1. Determine the length of the foam block walls by summing up their dimensions.
2. Calculate the area of ​​the walls by multiplying the perimeter by the height.
3. Subtract the area of ​​the openings from the resulting value.
4. Divide the result by the lateral surface area of ​​the product.

Let's calculate the need for material for a building with dimensions of 6x8 m and a height of 2.8 m, which is planned to be built from blocks 59.8 cm long and 19.8 cm high:

1. Let's calculate the area of ​​the walls - (6+8+6+8)x2.8=78.4 m2.
2. Let's determine the area of ​​the door (0.8x2=1.6 m2) and window (1.4x1.6=2.24 m2).
3. Let's sum up the area of ​​the openings - 1.6 + 2.24 = 3.84 m2.
4. Let's calculate the net area - 78.4-3.84 = 74.56 m2.
5. Let's determine the area of ​​the side surface of the blocks - 0.598x0.198= 0.118 m2.
6. Let's calculate the need for material - 74.56:0.118=631.8.

Door and window openings must be reinforced

Rounding the resulting value to a whole number, we get the need for building materials - 632 blocks. By comparing the amount of costs for purchasing block material for a house with dimensions of 6x8 m with the amount of brick for the construction of a building with the same dimensions, you can be convinced of the main advantage of the blocks - an affordable price.

Construction of houses from foam blocks - selection and construction of the foundation

Various foundations are used for foam block buildings. Choice optimal option determined by the following factors:

• depth of location of aquifers;
• freezing level;
• soil characteristics;
• load on the base.

When thinking about how to make a house out of foam concrete, many people prefer a foundation belt type. This proven type of foundation is best suited for foam block buildings.

Among the advantages of building a house from foam concrete are the following qualities: environmental Safety material

Construct the foundation for a foam block structure according to the following algorithm:

1. Mark the outline of the building on the construction site.
2. Remove vegetation, remove topsoil and grade the area.
3. Dig a pit 60–80 cm deep, following the contour of the building.
4. Fill the base of the trench sand and gravel mixture layer thickness 20 cm.
5. Assemble the formwork from panels or boards and secure the structure.
6. Seal any gaps through which the solution may leak.
7. Attach to inside roofing felt formwork for waterproofing.
8. Cut the rods to make the reinforcing mesh.
9. Assemble the reinforcement cage and place it inside the formwork.
10. Prepare concrete grade M400 and higher and pour it into the panel structure.
11. Compact the concrete with a vibrator to release air bubbles.
12. Lay polyethylene on the surface to prevent moisture evaporation.
13. Do not load the concrete mass for four weeks.
14. Disassemble the formwork after final hardening.
15. Lay two rows of bricks, providing ventilation holes.
16. Place steel mesh to reinforce the plinth masonry.
17. Apply cement mortar in an even layer.
18. Place the second two rows brickwork, check horizontality.
19. Waterproof the foundation of your home bitumen mastic or roofing felt.

Can be insulated if necessary fundamental basis. To do this, attach polystyrene foam to the outside of the base, and fill the pit with crushed stone. If there is an increased concentration of moisture in the soil, it is advisable to lay drainage lines around the perimeter of the foundation.

You can do the work yourself by performing the indicated operations step by step.

Due to the fact that foam concrete is not heavy and bulky, you can build a building much faster than using other building materials

Construct walls made of foam concrete following the sequence of operations:

1. Place foam blocks in the corner areas of the base, stretch a cord between them.
2. Lay the base row on the glue, checking the horizontal position.
3. Cut a groove in the upper plane of the bottom row.
4. Clean it from dust and debris, lay a reinforcing bar with a diameter of 10 mm.
5. Apply adhesive to the surface, ensuring that the groove is completely filled.
6. Lay 4 levels of foam concrete masonry, following the technology for installing the blocks.
7. Reinforce the foam block masonry at the next level.
8. Continue installing the foam blocks, reinforcing them at intervals of 4-5 rows.
9. Create openings for doors and windows and reinforce them with steel lintels.
10. Assemble the formwork for the last tier of masonry.
11. Tie the reinforcement frame with knitting wire and place it in the formwork.
12. Concrete the reinforced belt for the ceiling, plan the upper plane.

Now that the foam concrete walls have been erected, all that remains is to build the roof.
Foam block house - building a roof

To build the roof of a house, the following work must be done:

1. Install rafter beams.
2. Perform the sheathing.
3. Lay insulating material.
4. Install the roof.

The ceiling can be made from various building materials, depending on the project and financial capabilities. The set of measures for the construction of a foam block house is completed by the installation of windows and doors, facade finishing, as well as internal work.

Conclusion

Building a house from foam block is a responsible task. To implement it, you need to understand the specifics technological process, study the characteristics of foam concrete. Without the skills, it is risky to start construction on your own. It is better to use the services of professionals who will complete the work efficiently and on time.

Construction of your own home always accompanied by many questions. The most basic of them is financial. Of all existing materials The foam block has proven itself positively in all respects. It is not too expensive, practical and durable. Those who choose it inevitably face the question of how much it costs. There is no single answer, but there is a chance to calculate everything individually and independently.

Approximate cost of a house made of foam blocks

The average cost of building a “box” falls in the price range of 300-600 thousand rubles. Why so expensive? This amount includes not only the walls, but also the frame for the roof. But windows, doors, and the roof itself are not taken into account, only the bare “skeleton”.

Depending on the region, accordingly, the price for Consumables varies somewhat. So, for example, in middle lane In Russia, one cube of foam blocks (28 pieces) costs approximately 3000-3500 rubles. In the northern regions the price is slightly higher. Depending on the size of the building, the number of partitions in it, the cost of a house made of foam blocks also varies.

Foundation

Since foam blocks are a fairly lightweight material, there is no particular need to make a solid foundation. A lightweight one with mandatory reinforcement is sufficient. Ideally, even at the project stage, it is necessary to clearly distinguish where and what size the premises will be in order to also make a foundation along their perimeter. This will give the structure strength and durability. Think about this before you build a house from foam blocks. This will not increase the cost much.

Roof frame

What height to make the roof is a purely individual question. So, for example, you can make it tall, with the expectation that there will be an attic there, or, conversely, a small one. The cost of building a house made of foam blocks implies that about 5% of the amount will be spent on the roofing frame. Depending on the prices for lumber in your region, it can cost from 3,000 to 10,000 rubles.

House 9*8. How to calculate the amount?

Having approximate values, you can make a basic calculation. So, first you need to find out the area and perimeter of the future building. This is done using an elementary mathematical formula. The area will be 72 square meters and the perimeter will be 34 meters. It is noteworthy that the last indicator for the foundation is slightly higher - 42. Taking into account the fact that minimum width for a solid structure - 2 meters. The cost of building a house from foam blocks consists of the price of the foundation, roof frame, base and walls. The latter are minus windows and doors. On average, pouring the foundation will cost about 100,000 rubles, depending on the prices in your region for the material.

No house should be built on a bare foundation. At a minimum, a base 5-6 bricks high is also required. This will cost another 40 thousand rubles. Please note that this does not include labor costs. Usually builders take about 30-50% of the price of the material.

Further calculation of the cost of a house made of foam blocks depends on the number of storeys of your building and the height of the walls. It is optimal to make three-meter ceilings. Firstly, it will be easier to breathe indoors. Secondly, it is easier to customize the material. If we take the wall height as 3 meters as a basis, then approximately 28 cubic meters of foam blocks will be required. With a small margin. The cost is about 100,000 rubles. Bare walls without finishing (external and internal). And, of course, without openings.

Windows and doors - minus

Decide in advance how many windows there will be in your home and what size they will be. For a building measuring 9*8, it is optimal to make 5-6 medium-sized windows. For example, 1.5*1.5 meters. The area of ​​one window is 2.25 m2. There are 6 of them in the house. This means that you need to subtract 13.5 square meters from the perimeter of the walls. By simple calculations, it turns out that you will need to pay significantly less. Total 88.5 square meters. Naturally, the door must also be subtracted. and their number depends only on your desire. On average, you can save about 20-30 thousand rubles on this, which significantly reduces the amount of costs.

Floor slabs

This expense item is sliding. It all depends on the material. All more people Those who are wondering how much it costs to build a house from foam blocks are inclined to think that it is better to make floors from concrete slabs. Provided that the house has more than one floor. In other cases, standard wood flooring is sufficient. Be sure to pay attention to how the material is processed. Its service life depends on this.

How much money will it take for all this? For a house with one floor - at the price of wood. If you take into account the size 9*8, then it is about 5-10 thousand rubles. For a house with several floors - for the price of slabs. It all depends on the quality of the material and the region - from 10 to 50 thousand rubles.

Solution

What you can’t do without when building a house - cement-sand mortar. It must not only be done correctly, but also purchased everything necessary. For example, the cost of one bag of cement will cost 200-300 rubles. For such a large-scale construction as a house, about 100 bags will be required. Taking into account the foundation. Using simple calculations, we get 30,000 rubles for cement alone. And it also requires sand. Here everyone decides for themselves: to order or bring it themselves, if possible. For example, such development requires at least 1 ton of good sifted sand. Buy it or carry it yourself - it's up to you. On average, 1 ton of sand costs 2-3 thousand rubles. This is not a very extensive expense item, but it has its place.

Insulation

After the “box” for the house is ready, it needs to settle. Foam blocks are a material that has a small but quite noticeable percentage of shrinkage. To begin interior and exterior decoration, you need to give the house about a year to settle. During this time, under its own weight, it will take on its final shape and height.

When wondering how much it costs to build a house from foam blocks, include such an item in the estimate as insulation. Selecting it is a problem. First of all, because there are so many varieties. For a house made of foam blocks, it is more advisable to choose either polystyrene foam or angelin. If everything is clear with the first: it is light, does not allow air to pass through, and is durable - then the second needs to be discussed separately. Angelin is one that works on the principle of a thermos: it doesn’t give off heat from the inside, but it doesn’t let in cold from the outside. In addition, it is moisture resistant, easy to install (attached to construction stapler or self-tapping screws), durable. The cost of the materials differs little: for one meter about 30-50 rubles, depending on the thickness.

Interior decoration

Perhaps, everything here is limited solely by your desires and imagination. Traditionally, drywall is used as a material. Firstly, it is durable. Secondly, it is easy to install. Thirdly, they can be used to make not only even and smooth walls, but also various kinds of niches, levels, even arches. The only drawback is the fragility of the material. But this is not so significant, given that you are going to build a house from foam blocks. The average price for a sheet of ordinary drywall fluctuates around 200-300 rubles, moisture-resistant (for a bathroom, for example) is 50-100 rubles more expensive. The amount of material depends on the size of the house and number of floors. It is recommended to purchase drywall in batches for each room with a small supply of one or two sheets.

Naturally, a frame will also be required for finishing the walls. Regardless of how smoothly the walls were laid out. Metal or wood - your choice. The cost is not much different: from 100 to 300 rubles per linear meter slats.

Please pay Special attention on the subfloor. If a large load is implied (for example, a huge aquarium in a room), then it is more advisable to do concrete screed. It's expensive and time-consuming, but durable. Worker services in this case account for at least 50% of the cost of materials. If there is no need to make a screed, then you can trust the good old plank floors. Remember, the smoother the subfloor, the easier it is to lay on it. flooring further. Ceiling covering can be absolutely anything. There is no specific advice here, and financial side depends only on your capabilities.

Exterior finishing

Foam blocks, although it is a durable material that is resistant to natural weather conditions, need exterior decoration. How? For example, so popular on this moment siding. Metal is expensive, but more durable and wear-resistant, plastic is budget-friendly, easy to install, durable. In addition, you can simply plaster the walls and then paint them. On average, exterior finishing costs about 50-150 thousand rubles, including the work of craftsmen.

When wondering how much it costs to build a house from foam blocks, remember that all costs are purely individual. On average, a bare “box” costs 400 thousand rubles. But all other expenses are significant: finishing materials, windows, doors, roofing. How much can a small house made of foam blocks cost? At 2-3 million. Not as big a sum as it seems at first glance. Especially if you approach expenses carefully and wisely. Don’t skimp on the material; it determines how long and safely your home will serve you.

At the stage of designing a house, you will need to choose the wall material. Currently, there are many offers on the market that will allow you to build a high-quality building and reduce labor and financial costs. It is necessary to understand one of the options - building a house from foam blocks. How reasonable is this event and how to carry it out correctly.

Foam blocks as a wall material

The production technology of the material makes it possible to obtain cellular concrete. Such products are also called lightweight concrete. Compared to conventional ones, they have a number of advantages, namely:

• Weight. Houses made of foam concrete can reduce the overall weight of the structure. The density of products is in the range of 500-1200 kg per cubic meter. The technology assumes that blocks marked 500 and 600 are used only for thermal insulation work.

Only those types of density whose marking is 700 or more can be used as a supporting material. For comparison, the densities of reinforced concrete and brick are 2500 and 1800 kg/m 3, respectively. The most popular block for building a private house has a density of 900, which is two times lower than that of brick. Due to this, the load on the foundations is reduced and their final cost is reduced.

• Thermal conductivity. This is an extremely important quality for the material from which external enclosing structures are made. Building a house from foam blocks compares favorably with concrete, the heat-shielding characteristics of which are 8-10 times worse. If we compare blocks with bricks, they win here too: thermal conductivity is about one and a half times better. Why is thermal conductivity so important? This value characterizes the ability of the material to conduct heat and, accordingly, release it to the entire house. The higher it is, the thicker the outer walls will be, the more massive the foundations and the more expensive the entire building. Even if additional external insulation is carried out, the use of foam blocks becomes more profitable: you can select thermal insulation of a smaller thickness and reduce material consumption.

Advantages of foam concrete

The manufacturing technology of the products involves the use of Portland cement as a binder. To fill, add quartz sand, river sand, ash or blast furnace slag. The last two should be treated with caution. Their origin is extremely important, since the waste obtained in the process of various hazardous industries, may be hazardous to human health.

During the invention, they tried to obtain types of concrete whose properties would be close to those of wood. In terms of thermal conductivity and density, only blocks with a density of 500 and 600 can be called a satisfactory result. It is their characteristics that are closest to natural wood coniferous species, but such products are not allowed to be used as load-bearing structures, only to create a layer of thermal insulation.

Types of houses made of foam concrete

Before you build a house from foam blocks with your own hands, you need to understand the differences in materials. Depending on what production technology and filler were used, the following types of blocks are distinguished:

Masonry walls made of foam concrete

Scheme of laying external walls made of foam blocks

To know how to build a house from foam blocks, you need to determine how they are connected to each other. There are two options here, the choice between which depends on the accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the finished products. The materials allow them to be laid in the following two ways:

Step-by-step installation instructions

Houses made of foam concrete blocks can be one-story, two-story, or maximum three-story. Large wall heights will require the use of more durable material. Additionally, it is possible to reinforce the blocks, which will increase the load-bearing capacity of the fences. Laying reinforcing mesh allows you to increase stability and crack resistance. For their manufacture, you can use material with a diameter of 3-4 mm.

The pitch of the rods in the mesh is taken to be 50 or 100 mm, depending on the load from the floors and roof.

Instructions on how to build a house from foam blocks with your own hands are as follows:

Reinforcement diagram for foam concrete masonry

1. You should start by cleaning the surface of the products from dirt and dust. This can be done using a stiff brush.
2. Whether one-story or with higher wall heights, the house begins to be built by laying the first row. The material is laid on a waterproofing layer made along the edge of the foundation. Work begins from the corners of the house. Cement mortar applied to the waterproofing with a spatula, after which the block is installed. Lay several corner elements, remove excess mortar, check the filling of the seams (there should be no “waste space”) After this, you will need to pull a cord between the corner blocks, which will allow you to lay the ordinary elements evenly.
3. After completing the first row, begin the second. It is laid to ensure ligation (that is, displacement of the vertical seams relative to each other). The dressing must also be ensured in the direction of the width of the wall, that is, through cement joints, which lead to the formation of cold bridges, are not recommended. The masonry is carried out to the entire height of the wall up to the ceilings. Under the floors, it is necessary to carry out measures to strengthen the blocks in the places where the slabs support. This can be done by filling monolithic belt made of reinforced concrete. Due to the fact that concrete does not have good thermal insulation, this place will need to be insulated. You can use such effective materials as polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

It is possible to make armored belts up to 20 cm thick. Reinforcement is done with spatial frames. After filling the belt and gaining strength (about 2 weeks), you can begin installing the floor slabs. All subsequent floors are built according to the same scheme.

A house made of foam concrete is warm, light and at the same time surprisingly durable. Foam concrete is modern material, which successfully replaced brick and concrete plates. Its operation is so simple that it can be done by one person. However, before you build a house from foam concrete, you need to know some of the subtleties that are associated with such construction. Most of the nuances are due to the specifics of the material.

Foundation

Foam concrete will not require a super-strong foundation, because the house will be light.

The inner part of the formwork is covered with glassine or other material with similar properties.

The best option here is solid slab foundation, however, if desired, the master can also supply a monolithic tape.

The work is carried out in the following order.

1. Must be removed from the soil upper layer, making a small pit.
2. The surface must be leveled and a frame of boards laid on it.
3. Anyone familiar with such foundations knows that the frame is divided into a kind of “sandbox”. Thus, here it is possible to determine in advance the locations of load-bearing walls.
4. You need to pour sand into the “sandboxes”, pour water over it and compact it so thoroughly that it becomes hard. If the sand no longer leaves footprints when walking on it, then the job is done correctly.
5. Next, the compacted areas must be covered with film, which is secured to the sides.
6. The next step is to install the external formwork. It must be done according to the level.
7. In those places where it is planned load-bearing walls(gaps between sand squares), reinforcement must be installed.
8. Double reinforcement of the foundation is carried out. The bottom one is laid first reinforcement mesh, and then the top one.
9. The next stage is concreting. After the concrete is poured, it only needs to be leveled a little.

Bottom row

The foundation is ready, it's time to start building the basement. It is this that is laid out from the bottom row of foam blocks.

The outer rows of blocks must be reinforced. To do this, special grooves are cut into them, into which the reinforcement is placed. If you need to make windows in the bottom row (for example, for ventilation), then this will require reinforcement corners.

It’s easy to build a house from foam concrete with your own hands. However, if you work alone, it can take about two weeks just to arrange the basement.

After the lower basement floor is completed, a reinforced concrete belt is installed on top. The reinforcement is welded right on site, because it is very heavy.

Further work

After the concrete belt is installed, you need to start working with windows and doors. Everything is much easier here, because the main, hardest part was at the beginning. It is not difficult to learn the intricacies of working with foam concrete; the principles are very simple.

The roof on foam concrete structures is installed in the same way as on any other structure.

Insulation

Despite the fact that foam concrete is very warm material, insulation will still be required. Moreover, it is advisable to carry it out both inside and outside the house. Only one thing internal insulation may cause walls to become wet. After all, the blocks will still be cold, and this will lead to condensation. How and how to insulate a foam concrete house from the outside?

One of the most optimal materials- expanded polystyrene. It can be installed using the old proven method.

1. First you need to make a wooden sheathing on the surface of the foam blocks. To prevent it from falling apart, the wood should be treated with special compounds.
2. Expanded polystyrene is laid on the sheathing.
3. Everything is covered with a decorative layer on top. It can be any material to the owner’s taste. The simplest finishing option is plaster.

A house made of foam blocks must also be insulated from above. It is advisable to put a layer of heat insulation between the roof joists, and also to make a warm floor. When insulating the floor and roof, a hydro- and vapor barrier should also be installed. This will save the owner from many problems.

The main problem that a home owner may encounter with such insulation is that he needs to know exactly what grades of foam concrete this type of work is suitable for.

Another form of insulating a foam concrete house is based on the “sandwich” method. Its essence is that slotted brick, expanded polystyrene and foam concrete are installed on the surface of the walls in layers. This design creates excellent protection from the cold. And if you additionally install a heat insulator inside the house, then the owners will no longer be afraid of any frost.

Internal insulation is carried out in the same way as insulation of any other house. The materials you can use are plasterboard, mineral wool and other environmentally friendly heat insulators. First, either sheathing or steel brackets (profiles) are installed on the surface. Then the material itself is attached to them, and decorative protection is installed on top.

Often in such cases, both drywall and polystyrene foam are used. With this design you can protect yourself not only from the cold, but also from noise. In the case of houses made of foam concrete, you should not be afraid that steel profiles, reinforced without sheathing, will become bridges of cold. In the absence of external insulation, you need to worry more about dampness and increased condensation.

Foam concrete itself perfectly protects against the cold. Its high thermal conductivity has already been appreciated by many owners of private houses from different countries. The only problem that really needs to be dealt with is moisture.

Video

The process of building a house from foam concrete blocks in the following video: