The design of interior doors scheme. Making interior doors with your own hands. Features of products of different types

Externally, paneled doors resemble a chocolate bar with slices of various shapes and sizes, but they look solid and aesthetically pleasing. The panels are individual elements, which are inserted into the frame of the door leaf. Once upon a time, paneled doors were made exclusively from solid wood, and they were installed not only in wall openings, but also as doors on furniture cabinets. Today on the market there is a large number of combined models, the inserts of which are made from a variety of modern materials.

What are panels used for?

Interior doors are part of the interior, so their appearance is treated scrupulously. But in addition to being attractive, they must be reliable, comfortable and durable. All these parameters correspond to door blocks with paneled leaves, the design of which can be matched to many style solutions.

The design of a paneled interior door consists of several individual parts that help maintain the rigidity and geometric stability of the leaf when the humidity or temperature conditions in the room change. The secret is that the panel does not have a rigid fastening with strapping, and the dimensions of the fragments are somewhat smaller compared to the distance between the installation grooves.

Such a movable structure compensates for possible deformations of the manufacturing materials, as a result of which distortions of the door leaf do not occur.

An important point is the fact that interior panel doors are relatively light in weight. At the same time, their noise insulation has quite good indicators.

Paneled panels look much more attractive than flat and milled doors with a simple pattern. Volumetric and curly inserts with refined lines are additionally decorated with:

• moldings, which are shaped profiles;
• chamfers with artistically hewn edges.

Without a doubt, the presence of panels on the door makes it more aesthetically pleasing and, despite its external massiveness, more elegant. And the possibility of execution various forms panels and wide choose manufacturing materials provides a real chance for an exclusive, presentable model of interior door to appear in your home. Moreover, modern technologies allow even inexpensive products to look decent.

Panel design

The sash frame is most often made of solid wood or laminated veneer lumber. The side elements of the frame are fastened to the crossbars and mullions using spikes or dowels (chops), depending on the material of manufacture. The trim parts can have different widths and thicknesses, which should be sufficient to accommodate the panels.

Depending on the installation option and the material of the panels, the fragments are assembled into the finished frame in a workshop environment or on site. They are attached in two ways:

• the elements are alternately inserted into grooves previously cut in the sidewalls, mullions and crossbars;
• inserts are fixed using decorative strips or glazing beads, like glass in window frames. This option allows you to easily replace panels in the leaf if any fragment is damaged or in case of updating the door design.

For a paneled door, inserts are the main decoration. The most popular materials for their manufacture are:

• tree;
• MDF and HDF;
• glass;
• plastic;
• plywood;
• sandwich panels with cellular core.

In the latter case, it becomes possible to purchase a paneled door at a lower price when compared with wooden counterparts. But in the design of the cheapest products, the internal space of the insert parts remains hollow. Quite often there are models of paneled interior doors that combine inserts from different materials. For example, in the lower part of the sash there may be a solid panel made of wood or MDF, and in the upper part - glass or stained glass.

It is difficult to confuse a paneled door with any other model. The clearly visible frame-like paneling and thinner inserts are characteristic features products that from afar indicate its belonging. It is interesting that the thickness of the volumetric (figare) panels may well be greater than the corresponding size of the skin, but their edges remain thin. Otherwise, the inserts will not be able to be fixed in the frame.

There are so-called “Pressed panel doors” on the market, but apart from the external imitation of the outlines of the inserts, they have nothing in common with real panel doors.

The buyer should remember that low-quality door leaves appear only in case of deviation from the technology of manufacturing and assembling paneled products, as well as when using low-grade materials. Such products can simply crumble into separate elements over time.

Often for paneled doors they take products with a removable overhead grille installed over an insert that occupies the entire area of ​​​​the door leaf. This type of sash has a completely different name and is only a stylization of panels, since a separate, independent fragment must be inserted into each cell.

In the manufacture of paneled doors, insert fragments are made:

• smooth, having a uniform thickness over the entire area;
• figurine, characterized by a convex middle part and thin edges;
• floating, made from blanks of the same thickness as the frame frame.

Single panels are installed in interior doors, as they do not need additional insulation, although double inserts are used to improve sound insulation, between which an air gap is left or a layer of soundproofing material is laid.

Finishing interior door panels

Paneled sashes provide two main finishes:

• solid - with the same design of all elements;
• contrasting - with a deliberate selection of panels due to color, texture or material.

The wooden surfaces of the paintings are treated with antiseptics and flame retardants, they are tinted and primed, and then painted. Wood boards are laminated or pasted over with valuable veneer. tree species, and the glasses are matted, decorated with sandblasted drawings or other accessible ways. There are many options, so the flight of fancy in the decoration of paneled doors is not limited.

Stained-glass windows look prestigious as a paneled insert in an interior door. An equally impressive decorative painting applied on both sides of the glass will help replace an expensive designer product. She is able to create a full-fledged imitation of stained glass.

Repair of panel doors

Even the most reliable interior door may require repair at some point. But now we won’t talk about distortion of the canvases or wear of the hinges. For paneled doors, one of the reasons for restoration is inserted fragments, namely their loosening, cracking or the need for replacement for various reasons. And if you can try to strengthen the loose elements with glazing beads, and putty and paint over small cracks, then you will have to “conjure” the replacement of individual parts.

The repair process largely depends on the design of the door leaf, in particular, on the type of panel fastening.

To replace the fragments inserted into the grooves of the frame frame, the sash will have to be removed from its hinges and disassembled. This should be done carefully, avoiding breaking the connecting pins and destroying the dowels. Experts recommend using old dowels mounted with glue for further assembly of the frame. New fasteners after drying can lead to a violation of the strength characteristics of the frame. After replacing the panels, the canvas is reassembled.

If the inserts on the paneled door leaf are secured with glazing beads or decorative strips, then eliminating defects is much easier. To do this, you don’t even need to remove the sash from its hinges, but you will need:

• remove fasteners from one side of the sash;
• pull out the panel to be replaced;
• insert a new element;
• nail or glue glazing beads, moldings or chamfers.

By the way, in terms of the material of manufacture and finishing, the installed fragments may well differ from the door frame, but only if they are all replaced. When changing only one panel, it appearance You will need to bring the doors as close as possible to the other elements so as not to disturb the overall harmony.

Modern interior designs are numerous regarding the materials used and their direct design. The choice of interior buildings for a home or office is made based on a number of conditions: opening system, external data, device reliability.

Types of interior doors by opening method

There are six key interior doors on the market for interior door products according to the opening/closing method: sliding, hinged, book-shaped, folding, rotary, pendulum.

Hinged interior devices - pros and cons

Single-leaf swing interior model, photo

These are classic door designs with hinge fastening. Depending on the fittings used, the doors open in one or both directions at the same time.

Important! All fittings in such doors are easily replaceable.

To choose the right swing doors, you need to know their design features and types.

Types of swing structures:

• Single-leaf products are easy to use and used everywhere;
• Double doors are often installed in spacious rooms and are equipped with two leaves.

All swing doors are divided into the following types:

• Solid. They have a flat and smooth surface. The canvases are made of wood or using a frame;
• Milled ones are used to create masonite doors. The immediate depth of the cutter affects the thickness of the blade; thanks to this approach, the product acquires a solid appearance;
• Paneled panels are made from binding and frame. The structure is divided into separate parts, each of which has a frame and a unique content. Plywood, wood, glass, fiberboard are used for filling;
• Glass products are used to delimit and visually expand space;
• Metal-plastic interior doors are often used for office premises. This kind of product is moisture resistant and cuts out noise well.

Benefits of swing systems:

• Fits perfectly into a modern interior;
• Extensive model range;
• Availability;
• Reliability;
• Huge range of materials;
• Wide range of colors;
• Easy to use.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• It is necessary to control that the product does not sag;

Important! To avoid deformation of the floor covering, limiters are installed.

• Takes up space when open.

Sliding interior systems

Interior sliding products

The design of this kind of interior door includes the following components:

• Cloth;
• Box mounted in the opening;
• Guides. This structural element is responsible for the direct movement of the web;
• Accessories.

The building fabric is made whole or from several parts. The number of canvases is determined by the width of the opening.

Important! Despite the variety of models, the mechanisms for opening interior doors are of the same type, and the products themselves differ only in appearance.

The most popular types:

• Sliding doors;
• Cascade;
• Harmonic;
• With multiple doors;
• Radial.

Regarding the type of swinging, the following types of interior doors are distinguished:

• Sliding buildings consist of a single-leaf leaf, which “rides” on a special roller mechanism in different directions;
• Sliding double doors. The design feature is two doors that move apart in opposite directions when swung open. But the plowing method depends on the type of roller mechanism - coordinated or independent. When using a coordinated mechanism, if you open one door, the second one automatically starts moving. An independent mechanism is not endowed with such abilities;
• Cassette doors. With this device, at the moment of swinging open, the canvas hides into the wall.

Before giving preference to sliding products, let's get to know their strengths and weaknesses.

Positive points:

• Space saving;
• The closing of the valves is not affected by a draft;
• The ability to open the doors without effort;
• It is possible to automate the design;
• No thresholds.

The disadvantages include the following:

• When closed, the doors do not fit tightly to the frame, so sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• There are restrictions regarding the shape of the opening;

Important! If you purchase a device with cheap fittings, this will affect the performance of the product.

Internal door-book

Interior model in the form of a “book”

These systems differ from classic models in that they do not require much free space when plowing, so they save space. They are designed in such a way that when they swing open, the doors fold.

In most cases, book doors have two leaves, but their number is adjustable. The sashes are made symmetrical or asymmetrical.

The door elements open in one or two directions at the same time. Door transoms can be located at the edge of the opening, along the wall, or extend into it.

The material of manufacture is wood or its processed products. The lineup This type of interior doors is extensive. Current models with mirror coating or glazing.

Interior book doors are available in a wide price range.

The advantages of this type of device:

• System security. The doors are equipped with a special mechanism that prevents sudden slamming;
• Space saving;
• Modern design;
• Easy to install.

Among the negative aspects are low sound and heat insulation.

Important! Premium models are equipped with expensive fittings and high-quality seals, which helps prevent noise from penetrating into the room.

Folding interior doors

Folding door products, photo

This type of structure is used for small apartments, but has more negative aspects than positive ones.

Advantages:

• The key advantage is significant space savings;
• Easy to install;
• Availability.

Negative points:

• There is no sound insulation. This point is influenced by the holes that can be seen throughout the structure at the top and bottom of the door, between the elements themselves;
• Does not prevent the penetration of odors; holes in the structure also play a role here;
• The service life is short;
• The abundance of moving elements leads to the door often jamming.

Interior folding doors are limited by the type of materials for manufacturing:

• Plastic. This version of the product does not last long, since all elements are made of plastic. The membranes between structural elements made of soft rubber-like material. But during operation they burst, the device becomes unusable and requires repair. Plastic does not withstand exposure to temperatures, and the structure becomes deformed after a short time.
• Tree. This material is preferable to use for folding devices. Since there are no plastic elements, but metal is used.

Rotary doors

Opening diagram for rotary models

A special feature of this type of interior door is the swinging system, which includes a swinging, sliding and pendulum operating principle.

Important! Rotary structures are equipped with a unique mechanism that sets the direct trajectory of the door during operation.

The door is equipped with a modern rotary-sliding mechanism, which consists of three components:

• A guide with a groove installed on top of the box;
• A swivel joint with a roller, which facilitates easy rotation of the device and smooth movement along the guide;
• A lever connected to the upper mechanism, an axis of rotation built into one of the racks of the box. Thanks to this approach, the lever ensures fixation of the canvas in space.

Pros of a rotary door:

• Versatility;
• Simple installation procedure. Since the door device is delivered assembled, the technician only needs to install it into the opening;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation. This moment is achieved thanks to a brush-type seal;
• Ease of operation;
• The originality of the opening.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• Such a mechanism is not suitable for massive doors - the heavy weight of the leaf will affect its service life;
• High price;
• The complexity of the device makes it difficult to make the door yourself.

Pendulum interior systems

This type of interior door is a type of swing system. The key difference between a pendulum device is the ability to swing open in any direction. All pendulum-type structures are equipped with a built-in spring axial mechanism into which the canvas is built.

The axial mechanism can be with or without closers.

Important! For normal operation door device with a door closer, the use of additional spring elements, which are located at the top and bottom of the device, becomes a prerequisite.

Pendulum interior doors are divided into subtypes:

• Glass. The advantage of these products is durability and ease of use;
• Aluminum. This glass doors, placed in an aluminum frame;
• PVC. Classic models equipped with double-glazed windows;
• Wooden.

Benefits of pendulum systems:

• The absence of a box makes installation easier. But at the same time, due to the lack of such structural element sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• The lower axial mount, which bears the entire load;
• Possibility of versatile plowing;
• The closing speed of the sash is adjusted thanks to the upper axial fastening.

Negative factors:

• Poor sound insulation;
• Expensive.

Types of interior doors by material and finish

Among the abundance of varieties of interior doors, you need to choose the right material for the device being manufactured.

Interior doors made of solid wood belong to the highest price category, since valuable types of wood are used for their production. Panel and panel products are produced.

Important! The surface of the product is coated with a special varnish, protective film paper based.

Advantages of wood products:

• Attractive appearance;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Moisture resistance.

Negative factors include the high price.

Veneered door products

Veneered canvases, photo

To improve the appearance of panels made from inexpensive wood, various types of coatings are used. The most common technology is gluing the surface of the product with veneer. The base is also made of chipboard, onto which veneer made of valuable wood is attached on both sides.

The use of such a door should be careful. Will have to keep an eye on temperature conditions and indoor humidity. If the operating conditions are violated, the used wood swells, which will lead to peeling of the coating.

Product advantages:

• The outer covering made of valuable wood gives the product an expensive look;
• Resistance to mechanical stress;
• Light weight;
• Availability.

However, due to direct sun rays faded spots may occur on the surface, which becomes a minus of such products.

Plastic products

Interior plastic sheets

When making a surface plastic panels it is given a texture that perfectly imitates wood of various species.

Key positive properties of plastic products:

• resistance to moisture;
• Strength;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation properties.

Important! To achieve tightness of the product, elastic seals are used.

Glass interior panels

Interior glass panels

Transparent interior designs are gaining immense popularity because they help to delimit and visually expand the space. For manufacturing, shock-resistant glass is used (at least 8 mm thick), which gives the device strength.

Positive properties:

• Visual increase in space;
• Moisture resistance;
• No deformation;
• Ease of maintenance.

• Such products are afraid of being hit by sharp objects;
• Expensive;
• The complexity of installation;
• Significant weight.

Various models differ in appearance, cost, and functions. Choosing the material of the interior model, rely on your own tastes and preferences.

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The book door is sliding design an interior door, consisting of two or four canvases, folding like a book. Doors of this type help not only save space, but also emphasize the features of the interior of the room. For folding doors, light material is most often used, since the classic design is suspended. But, if the canvases are heavy, for example, made of natural wood or tempered glass, the floor system of rollers is additionally mounted. In this case, the integrity of the floor covering is compromised.

Disadvantages of a suspended structure

1. Heavy canvases, decorated with glass or other expensive decorative inserts, require careful handling. It is also mandatory suspended structure must be equipped with closers that protect the blades from hitting each other.

   

2. The sound insulation and heat-saving properties of the folding structure are minimal due to the gaps between the sheets and the floor.
3. Unlike a conventional swing interior door, the book is less durable and reliable.

How to make canvases for a folding door with your own hands

First you need to decide on the material. It is not practical to use heavy natural wood or large sheets of tempered glass for a folding structure. The material is quite heavy, which over time will negatively affect the performance of the suspension system.

You can order ready-made MDF canvases or make them yourself.

It is best to use a panel structure for the manufacture of interior door panels. To do this you will need the following material:

A frame for the future canvas is assembled from the bars, depending on its size. The bars are cut into pieces of the required size and fastened together with dowels coated with glue. It is advisable to place the bars not only along the edges of the leaf, but also to form stiffening ribs from them inside the door.

HDF panels (3 or 4 mm thick) - thin sheet material with one smooth surface, made by hot pressing of sawdust. This material is cut into fragments the size of a door leaf. The panels are then attached to the brook sheathing. The rough version of the door leaf is ready. It can be painted, laminated, or veneered depending on individual preferences.

You can also make door leaves from MDF panels covered with veneer or other material. This is the simplest solution - you need to choose the material that is optimal in color and thickness and cut it into sheets of equal size. Experts recommend using MDF with a thickness of 22-25 mm.

Door edges can be processed in two ways: stick special paper with an iron or use ready-made plastic edges that are pressed onto the ends of the panels. The latter option is distinguished by its strength and durability, since the pasted paper can simply fall off after a while, ruining the appearance of the door.

For a folding door, two panels of equal size are made and fastened together with hinges. In order for the structure to be strong and reliable, it is recommended to attach 3 sets of hinges: at the top, bottom and in the middle of the canvas. The resulting structure folds and unfolds like a regular book.

Materials needed to install a folding door.

Tools for installation work.

1. Hammer.
2. Jigsaw.
3. Screwdriver.
4. Roulette.
5. Level.
6. Saw on wood.
7. Miter box.
8. Pencil.

The first thing to do is to prepare the doorway for installation work. To do this, the old door frame is removed. Then you need to level the slopes and mount extensions - strips that hide concrete openings and act as a door frame.

The width and length of the extensions depends on the size of the doorway. MDF panels are cut with a jigsaw necessary details and fastened together with dowels in the shape of the letter P. Then the resulting U-shaped structure is inserted into the doorway and drilled with anchors. When installing extensions, it is recommended to use a level; fastening fittings should be drilled at the same distance, which will help to avoid distortions of the door frame.

In order for the extensions to hold firmly, it is required to foam the gaps between MDF panels and wall. In the future, the foam and edges of the extensions will be hidden by platbands, which will improve the appearance of the doorway.

After mounting the extensions, you need to attach door leaf to the box, having previously chosen the side in which it will be folded door design. It is advisable to use 3 sets of hinges, which are designed for high loads and can easily withstand the weight of folding sheets. During this procedure, it is important to correctly recess the hinges into the door leaf so that the gap between the extensions and the leaf remains equal. Otherwise, the entire structure may become warped and deformed, which will quickly lead to repairs.

Installation of hanging fittings

Accessories for the sliding mechanism.

1. Aluminum rail.
2. Carriage with rollers.
3. Roller guide, with which the carriage with rollers is attached to the door.
4. Self-tapping screws.
5. Limiters that prevent the door leaves from hitting the wall.

An aluminum rail is cut into the upper part of the box, in which there is a groove for a carriage with rollers. This must be done with a level, carefully ensuring that the rail is attached to the box strictly horizontally. The carriage with rollers must slide smoothly inside the groove without interference. Stoppers are then attached to the edges of the aluminum rail to protect the door panels from hitting the wall.

The last step is to attach the roller guide to one of the door panels. After which the carriage with rollers and the guide are connected.

Video - attaching hinges and hanging mechanism

If the door leaves are made of heavy material, experts recommend additionally equipping the structure floor system roller mechanism.

An aluminum rail is mounted into the floor, a carriage with rollers is inserted into it, which is attached to the bottom of the door leaf through a roller guide. This system is also equipped with anti-dust brushes that prevent dust from collecting in the rail along which the carriage moves.

Cons of a double roller system- recessing aluminum profile V flooring, which harms its integrity.

Pros: high performance capabilities, less wear on fittings, and durability of the entire system.

Installation of additional fittings

Since the door between rooms is used quite often, reliable and convenient fittings are needed: handles, locks, latches.

Experts recommend using handles recessed into the door leaf for doors of this type, which will not damage the wall or adjacent door leaf when folding the system. It is also worth considering that a protruding handle can injure a person passing through the doorway. This is especially true in cases where the opening is quite narrow.

The accordion folding door consists of three guides: the top (1c), and two side ones - left (1a) and right (1b), as well as two half-panels, left and right (3), main panels (5) and elements connecting the panels to each other : connecting hinge (4), connecting rail (2), locking panel (6). The door leaf moves along the upper guide using sliders (7) and is fixed with stoppers (8). The guide rails are attached to the opening with self-tapping screws (11). The door is closed using a handle on the lock panel (9) and a latch (10), which is attached to the right side rail

Closers, used for smooth closing of door leaves, are appropriate only in cases where the structure is quite large and the doors are often opened and closed.

Video - Book door with different sized panels

What you need to pay attention to when making a folding door with your own hands

1. It is not recommended to install such a door design in a bathroom or toilet. The folding system has low sound and heat saving properties. Cracks in the floor and gaps between sheets can allow light, moisture and odor to enter.
2. If the doorway is too wide, it is recommended to consider the left-hand and right-hand design of folding doors. This will reduce the load on the suspension system and make it easier to open and close the curtains.
3. For heavy-weight canvases, it is optimal to use a reinforced suspension system that can withstand maximum loads, if there is no desire to install an additional floor rail.

The quality of the proposed interior doors, which can be purchased in most construction stores, may not always satisfy customers. They can be beautiful and attractive, but the strength and durability of these products leaves much to be desired. Therefore, many home craftsmen have no choice but to make interior doors with their own hands. Moreover, there are no great difficulties in this if you select the material and follow a certain plan.

Materials for making canvas

Before starting work on self-production interior door requires preparation of material. In most cases, wood is used for this purpose. The frame of the door leaf, as well as the door frame, is made from it. In addition to wood, the following can be used:

• Styrofoam;
• Cardboard honeycombs;
• Glass;

Polystyrene foam and cardboard honeycomb are used as a filler for the door leaf; it is not made of solid wood. These materials are lightweight, which is important for subsequent use. In addition, polystyrene foam can reduce noise levels by making the fabric more sound-absorbing.

The use of glass for the manufacture of interior doors is primarily due to the aesthetic side. Such inserts visually expand the room and also allow you to diversify the design of the room. Glass also has one more property. It perfectly transmits daylight. Therefore, with glazed interior panels, the corridors of the apartment will be much lighter, even if the door is closed.

Fiberboard or its more advanced version MDF is used as cladding material. In the construction of the canvas, these materials are responsible for decorative finishing future product. At the same time, MDF is the finishing element, but fiberboard will have to be further processed to give it an attractive appearance.

In addition to the listed materials, sheets of laminated chipboard can be used as cladding. Wide selection of colors that imitate natural wood, makes this type of finishing very popular. It should be noted that the use of laminated chipboard will give the doors more rigidity in the diagonals.

As fastening material You can use PVA glue or confirmats. To coat the finished canvas you will need varnish. If you need to add color, the problem is solved thanks to stains and tinted varnishes.

Necessary tool

The next stage of preparation will be preparing the tools that will be needed to make an interior door. You need to have on hand:

• Manual or electric plane;
• Hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
• Set of chisels and chisels;
• Manual electric router;
• Grinding machine;
• Miter box;
• Square and ruler;
• Hammer and mallet;
• Pencil and tape measure.

With this set you can safely start making any carpentry. You should also prepare a vacuum cleaner to quickly remove not only sawdust, but also dust, which should not end up on the surface of the product during paintwork.

Manufacturing and assembly

When the preparation ends, it’s time for the main work. You will need to perform the following steps step by step:

• Take dimensions;
• Process the material;
• Perform markup;
• Cut down and assemble the frame of the canvas;
• Install fittings.

In order for the work to proceed quickly and the product to turn out to be of high quality, it is worth preparing a drawing. Thanks to it, it is easy to mark and not make a mistake with the configuration of the future door.

The principle of assembling a paneled door

Measuring the canvas

The work should begin with measurement doorway. This operation will allow you to calculate the dimensions of the box and canvas, as well as determine the configuration of the future product. If the opening does not exceed 80 cm, then a single-leaf one should be made door block. For a larger size, you need to make two canvases to reduce the load on the loops and give a more attractive appearance to the entire product.

The resulting size must be reduced in height and width by 2 cm. This is required to create an assembly seam obtained between the frame block and the opening slope. After installation, it is filled with polyurethane foam. Using the obtained dimensions, a drawing is drawn up according to which the interior door needs to be made.

Door leaf dimensions

Such a manual should also contain the dimensions of the door leaf. To calculate them, you should subtract from the width and height of the opening the thickness of the box beam in the place where the quarter will be selected. From the resulting size it is necessary to subtract another 4 mm in width and from 4 to 12 mm in height. These values ​​correspond to the gap that must remain for free porch door leaf. This defines all the data for the drawing.

It should be noted that the box beam does not have to cover the entire thickness of the wall. The remaining space can easily be covered by an extension installed after installation work..

Making door trim

As soon as the drawing with dimensions is completely ready, you can move on to the next stage of work. At this stage, the material should be processed and the frame of the door leaf should be prepared. To do this you should use a plane.

For the frame of the door leaf you need to use planed boards

For the frame you can take edged board 40 x 100 mm. Ideal option you will purchase planed material, which will make the work easier and significantly speed it up. But you can also use simply sawn boards. They will have to be processed with a plane to make them smooth. During planing, you should carefully monitor the corners of the bars. They must have a strict 90 degree angle. You can check the work using a square.

Connection diagram of frame elements

Next, the parts are marked according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing. They will need to be sawed off. If the parts must be secured with tenons, then all horizontal parts of the frame will be longer by the size of two tenons. For example, for bars 100 mm wide, a tenon 70 mm long will be required for connection. In this case, 140 mm should be added to the size of the workpiece, which means two tenons on both sides of the part.

During processing, it is necessary to select a groove or quarter in the sides of the workpieces. This is necessary for installing glass or inserting panels if solid wood was chosen as the door manufacturing option. This work can be done using a hand-held electric router. A cutter of the appropriate profile is inserted into the tool and a cut is made on the side indicated in the diagram.

The groove in the workpieces is cut using a router

The parts for the door frame must contain a quarter, thanks to which the leaf can cover the opening. It is also made with a router, setting the depth and width of the cut. The size of the quarter should be based on the thickness of the door leaf. You need to add 1 mm to it for a better rebate. The depth of the quarter must be at least 10 mm.

Pre-assembly of the canvas

When the frame parts are processed and the places for the fasteners are sawn down, preliminary assembly of the interior door leaf can be done with your own hands. This operation will allow you to check the correctness of the marking and filing of all elements. The structure is assembled dry, which means without using glue. If the type of connection was chosen to be confirmed, then you will simply need to bait them without performing a tight twist.

When all the parts are assembled and fastened, check the width and length of the door leaf. If deviations from the drawing are found, then it is necessary to adjust the parts. After finishing work, the product is reassembled and inspected. If all parameters are met, you can proceed to the next stage.

Marking and making cuts

Separate mention should be made of marking parts and making cuts. This step by step process, where an error can result in reworking the entire product and damaged material. Therefore, all pencil lines should be made only after checking the size. And before starting sawing, the marking itself should be checked against the drawing.

When marking, you should strictly adhere to the dimensions

When marking, you can add 1 mm for adjustment. In this case, even if the workpiece is sawed off unevenly, it will be possible to correct it painlessly. If everything works out the first time, then the extra millimeter can be simply removed with a plane. To transfer the drawn line to the other side of the block, you should take a square and place it directly at this point. Since the part has an even angle of 90 degrees, the lines on all sides will exactly repeat the markings made at the very beginning.

If spikes and eyes are chosen as a connection, then you will have to completely mark these elements. The place for the nest should be located strictly in the center. To calculate this data, you simply need to divide the thickness of the bar by 2, and then mark the resulting number from any plane of the part. The size of the tenon itself should be equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the workpiece. The width of the nest can be half a millimeter less than the width of the spike.

The eye should be carefully drilled strictly according to the markings made, and then cleaned with a chisel. You cannot protrude beyond the edges of the lines, otherwise the connection will be weakened and the structure will be fragile. According to the instructions, it is necessary to precisely adjust the tenon joint, so it is imperative to leave a half-millimeter margin.

Assembling the canvas and inserting fittings

When all connections have been checked and the dimensions exactly match those indicated in the drawing, assembly of the door leaf begins. At finger joint you need to apply glue to the surface of the spikes and inner surface nests After this, the parts are inserted into each other, followed by tamping with a mallet. If this procedure is performed with a hammer, then a small wooden block onto the tamped surface. This way you can avoid damage to the assembled product.

After assembling all the parts, there should be no gaps left at the joints. If they are present, then you should knock out this place again. The ideal option would be to tighten the canvas with webbing. If they are missing, you can install a metal corner on the board, measure the width of the canvas from it, add 3–4 cm to this size and secure another corner. You need three boards on which the door fits. A wedge is inserted into the gap between the canvas bar and the corner and tapped until the cracks completely disappear.

The door is assembled until the cracks disappear.

When the door is assembled, the cladding is attached to its surface. First, the sheets are cut to the size of the frame and then laid on it. Fastening is done with glue. Additionally, nails can be used. This operation must be performed carefully and carefully so as not to damage the surface of the cladding, especially if it has a finishing coating.

Before laying the second sheet with reverse side the interior door is installed filler. To do this, foam or cardboard honeycombs are cut to the size of the free internal space between the parts of the canvas. A tight fit will ensure the integrity of the future door. Next, the second sheet of cladding is laid and the canvas gets its finished look.

In order for the door to open, hinges must be installed. They are located at a distance of 20 cm from the edges of the door. Marking is done with a finely sharpened pencil. The nest must be selected with a chisel strictly along the inside of the line, without protruding beyond its limits. The hinges in the seats must sit without gaps.. When the socket is ready and checked, the part is fastened using self-tapping screws or the screws included in the kit. Read more about this in the article “Installing hinges on a door.”

Door hinges secured with self-tapping screws or self-tapping screws

Another element of an interior door is the handle. A lock is often inserted into it, which makes it possible to lock the room if necessary.

The hole for the lock is made using a drill

The center of the handle should be 1 meter from the floor. Through hole for the lock is drilled out with a drill. Seat also cleaned with a chisel. Once the lock is inserted, there should be no gaps left. Read more about installing a handle on an interior door.

Installing glass in the opening

If the interior door requires glazing, then you need to prepare a glass cutter and select the desired type of glass. This element is inserted into a quarter, which is selected along the entire inner perimeter of the door. The glass is cut 2 mm smaller than the size of its installation space.

Glass cutting is done with a glass cutter

If after working with a glass cutter the sheet has irregularities, they must be removed. You can use pliers for this. If there is a large remainder (from 2 mm), another cutting line should be drawn. This will make it easier and more efficient to remove excess. When the procedure is completed, you need to sand the edges of the glass with sandpaper.

Next, the glass is installed in the quarter of the door. Fastening is done with a decorative layout, which is nailed down with small nails. This makes it possible to carry out quick repair if the installed glass is damaged.

Interior door finishing

The assembled door, if it is not covered with laminated chipboard, needs to be finishing works. They can be of the following types:

• Coloring;
• Tinting;
• Lamination.

Depending on the type of finishing chosen, appropriate operations must be carried out.

Coloring

Before painting the surface of the door leaf, it is necessary to prepare it. And the first thing to do is sand it completely. An electric one is ideal for this purpose. Sander. You need to take a tape for it that is not too abrasive, so that it does not remain on the surface. minor scratches. You need to work in the direction of fiber growth. Perpendicular grinding is allowed only if it is necessary to level the surface and as a rough grind.

Before painting the door, its surface must be sanded.

If there are any chips or dents on the door, they should be filled with putty. The color of the putty must be selected to match the shade of the wood from which the canvas is made. So, during subsequent painting, this place will not stand out from the general background. After applying the putty, you need to let it dry and sand it again.

Defects wooden surface remove with putty

Next, you need to clean the surface from dust and only then start painting. To apply the material, brushes, rollers or paint sprayers are used. The latter option allows you to get the job done quickly and with minimal paint consumption. There should be no drips on the surface during painting. They need to be removed. To get a quality painted door, you need to apply two or three layers of paint..

The door must be painted in 3 layers

Toning

Unlike painting, door tinting involves the subsequent application of varnish. You need to apply a tinting material to the prepared surface, which can be:

• Stain;
• Mordant;
• Acrylic paint.

Either type of material will give the wood a new color while leaving the grain exposed. The stain is applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. If necessary, repeat the procedure after the material has completely dried.

Wood stains, mordants or paints are used as tinting materials.

When the desired shade is achieved, the canvas is varnished. To achieve a glossy surface, more than three coats should be applied. Moreover, each stage involves fine grinding sanding tape. This will remove raised lint and make the surface smooth.

Lamination

alternative paint and varnish materials is the use of films and veneers. The gluing of these materials is called lamination. For home production the best option would be cold method gluing.

The surface of the interior door must be prepared in the same way as in the case of painting or tinting. The film or veneer is cut to the size of the door leaf, making an allowance of up to 3 cm. Then, starting from one edge, the material is glued. If a self-adhesive film is used, then the protective paper is gradually removed from it as it is glued to the surface of the door.

Self-adhesive film used for door lamination

The veneer is applied to glue, which is used to pre-lubricate the canvas. The material should be smoothed from the middle to the edges. This will make it easier to remove air trapped under it. If the bubble cannot be expelled, then it can be carefully pierced with a needle. This place must be pressed firmly so that the adhesive layer can connect the surface of the door and the veneer. Excess material around the edges is carefully trimmed with a knife.

Excess film is removed with a knife

Doors for home and various kinds outbuildings are created according to the same scheme. Differences are present only in the fittings used, various types of reinforcing elements and methods finishing.

Also, the procedure for making the door will vary slightly depending on the material chosen. The presented instructions will help you understand the features of creating doors made of wood and metal.

Start with preparation necessary equipment and materials.

Set for work

1. Manual frezer.
2. Hand-held circular saw.
3. Grinder with grinding wheel. Instead of a grinder, you can use a drill with a special grinding attachment.
4. Screwdriver or electric drill.
5. Hammer.
6. Chisels.
7. Screwdrivers.
8. Mallet.
9. Measuring tools.
10. Board 4x10 cm or 4x15 cm. The best option– planed dry board. To make one standard fabric It takes about 6 m of board, but it is recommended to buy material with a small margin.
11. Chipboard. It is desirable that this material matches the color of the future door as clearly as possible.
12. PVA glue.
13. Confirmations.
14. Paint and varnish materials to choose from.

Manufacturing Guide

Door parts layout

First stage

Prepare boards for framing. Carefully polish the material with a grinder with a grinding wheel or an electric drill with a suitable nozzle. Wide surfaces of boards need polishing. End faces can be omitted, they will be formed at the milling stage.

Second phase

Start milling. At this stage you will need a special hand tool with a set of cutters.

Round the corners of the boards slightly. Then, using the appropriate cutter, make a groove on one of the long ends. The length of the groove is for the entire end, the width is in accordance with the thickness of the laminated chipboard (in most cases it is 1.6 cm), the optimal depth is 1.5-2 cm.

The groove must be located strictly in the center of the end.

Third stage

Start trimming the ends of the boards. It will help you with this Circular Saw. Cut the ends of all boards at 45 degrees.

In this case, the length of vertical boards should be 2 m (standard). The width is usually maintained within 70-80 cm.

Fourth stage

Get started I'll cut out the chipboard. If you wish, you can immediately buy the material in size and avoid cutting.

For determining required length inserts from the material in question, use the formula according to which the double width of the prepared board is subtracted from the width of the door leaf, and then double the depth of the created groove is added to the resulting value.

Fifth stage

Pre-assemble the door. To do this, fill the boards on chipboard. Make sure that the position of each board is correct, that there are no gaps or other defects, and then install confirmations.

To install confirmations, you must first make holes at the bottom and top of the door leaf.

Sixth stage

Make the necessary holes and recesses for the installation of canopies (hinges), handles and a peephole (if an entrance door is being made).

find out detailed instructions, like , from our new article.

Door decoration

For the highest quality painting work, use a spray gun and a compressor. In their absence, you can try to get by with simple hand painting tools, but such work will take much more effort and time.

The door has been sanded and does not need additional preparation before painting. Paint and varnish compositions choose at your discretion. The number of coats of paint is also determined individually according to the desired shade and required depth colors. Finally, it is recommended to varnish the door.

That's it, homemade wooden door ready. It remains only to mount the necessary fittings and install the door in the prepared opening.

Using this technology, not only blind canvases are made, but also doors with glass inserts. Preparing places for inserts comes down to creating corresponding holes in the chipboard sheet. Glasses are fixed with decorative quarters, pre-painted to match the color of the main canvas.

Entrances are also made in a similar manner, but instead of a chipboard insert, a strong frame is usually used, sheathing is performed using materials more suitable for such an event (veneer, plywood, etc.), and the space between the frame slats is filled with insulation with good noise insulation properties.

Making a metal door

To perform such work, you need to have certain skills in handling the appropriate tools. If they are absent, practice first so as not to spoil the materials used.

Set for work

1. Sheet of steel with a thickness of at least 1.5 mm.
2. Loops. Select based on the weight of the future door.
3. Metal corner.
4. Accessories.
5. Electric drill.
6. Mounting foam.
7. Welding machine.
8. Welding table or other suitable device for laying workpieces during assembly.
9. Anchor bolts.
10. Angle grinder.

The above list may vary depending on the characteristics of the one you choose. For example, in the case of creating front door thicker material will be required. Or you can make a sandwich type door. Such structures are assembled using two steel sheets, the space between which is filled with heat-insulating material.

First step. Measure the doorway. Typically its height is 2 m, and its width can vary on average from 60 to 100 cm.

Second step. Start making the door frame. Select the dimensions of this structural element so that after installing the box, a 2-centimeter gap remains between it and the walls of the opening.

This gap will allow you to adjust the position of the door leaf during installation. After leveling the door, you will seal the gaps with foam.

Third step. Cut the metal corner to fit the box. Corners with shelves 5x2.5 cm are optimal. Place the blanks on some suitable flat surface in the form of a rectangle according to the dimensions of the door frame.

Measure the diagonals of the rectangle. If their lengths are the same, the figure has right angles. If deviations are found, correct them immediately, and then weld the metal corners into a single structure.

Canvas

First step. Determine the optimal frame dimensions. Select the dimensions of the element so that there is a 1.5-centimeter gap in width and a 2-centimeter gap in height between it and the box.

Second step. Cut the corner to the required length, lay it on a flat surface in the form of a rectangle, and weld the frame.

Third step. Using a grinder, cut into metal profile mortise connector door lock.

Lock hole

Fourth step. Weld the hinge profile to the box and hinges.

Fifth step. Carefully measure the gap between the hinges on the frame and on door frame. It is important that the measurements match, otherwise problems may arise when hanging the canvas.

Sixth step. Place the frame in the box.

Seventh step. Cut the sheet of steel so that the door leaf overlaps the opening intended for it on the side where the lock is installed by 1.5 cm, and on the remaining three sides by 1 cm. Get rid of the scale remaining on the edges of the material after cutting.

Eighth step. Place the cut sheet so that the bottom and top edges of the box protrude by 10 mm. On the side where the canopies are installed, the sheet should protrude by 15 mm, and on the side where the lock is inserted - by 0.5 cm.

Ninth step. Turn the box over so that the stacked sheet is on the bottom.

The frame will be located inside the box. The following gaps must be left between the door frame and the frame:

• from the side of the installation of canopies - 0.7 cm;
• from the installation side of the door lock - 0.8 cm;
• from the outside door threshold(bottom) – 1 cm;
• at the top – 1 cm.

You can fix the gaps using suitable means at hand, for example, metal strips.

Tenth step. Weld the frame with the sheet. Make the seams short enough - up to 4 cm. Maintain a 20 cm distance between the beginnings of welding seams. Start cooking from the center of the product to the edges. Be sure to give the product some time to cool down from time to time.

Loops

First step. Raise the product above the surface of the table (or other base used). To do this, place profile or pipe trims under the door frame.

Second step. Make loops from a metal rod with a diameter of 2 cm. You can also buy loops from finished form. Weld the hinges to the door leaf and to the door frame. Weld the upper part of the element to the sheet, and fix the lower part to the box.

Third step. Once you have completed attaching the hinges, discard the tacks you previously used to secure the sheet to the door frame.

Fourth step. Clean the welds.

At the end, all you have to do is cut in the lock, paint the product and finish it at your discretion. Painting is mandatory, regardless of the finishing method chosen, because... paint will provide additional protection metal from corrosion.

Find out how with step-by-step instructions from our new article.

As a finishing material, you can use a wide variety of materials, for example: wooden planks, suitable soft upholstery, film with different textures and patterns, forged elements, etc. At this point, be guided by your preferences.

In accordance with the given guidelines, almost all varieties are manufactured. Exceptions include doors for special purposes, for example, fireproof, explosion-resistant, etc.

Good luck!

Prices for entrance doors

Entrance doors

Video - Making doors with your own hands