Private house without heating. Types of heat pumps. Option #1: Solid Fuel

This article is about how to heat a house if there is no gas. In it, I am going to talk about possible alternatives to gas heating, evaluate them in a number of ways. key parameters and offer the reader the most profitable and practical solutions. Let's get started.

Gas is the cheapest heat source. Only here it is not everywhere.

Can you see everyone

Here is a complete list of possible heat sources for a home without gas:

• solid fuel(firewood, coal, pellets);
• Liquid fuel (diesel fuel, used engine oil);
• Electricity;
• Solar heat recovered through solar collectors;
• Liquefied gas (from a gas tank or cylinders). If main natural gas is not connected to your settlement, this does not mean that you cannot use a gas boiler for heating or.

What do we evaluate

By what parameters do we compare possible solutions?

There are only three of them:

1. Minimum operating costs (that is, the cost of a kilowatt-hour of thermal energy);
2. Cost of equipment;
3. Ease of use of the home heating system. It should require as little attention as possible from the owner and maximum time to work offline.

Comparison

Operating costs

Here’s how our members will line up when evaluating their cost-effectiveness:

1. The undisputed leader is solar heat. Collectors convert it into heating of the coolant for free. Electricity is consumed only by circulation pumps;

Usually, solar collectors used only as an auxiliary heat source. Their problem is fickle thermal power: It varies depending on the length of the daylight hours and the weather.

1. In second place is a solid fuel boiler that runs on wood. Yes, yes, I am aware that we are in the 21st century. Such are Russian realities: in the absence of main gas and with a short daylight, firewood is still more economical than all other heat sources and provides a kilowatt-hour cost of 0.9 - 1.1 rubles;
2. The third place is shared by pellets and coal. Depending on local prices for energy carriers, a kilowatt-hour of heat obtained by burning them will cost 1.4-1.6 rubles;
3. Liquefied gas from a gas tank provides the cost of a kilowatt-hour of 2.3 rubles;
4. The use of cylinders increases it to 2.8 - 3 rubles;

1. Diesel-fuelled liquid fuel boilers generate heat at an average cost of about 3.2 r/kWh;

Waste motor oil with the same calorific value is 5-6 times cheaper. If you have a permanent source of mining, this type of fuel can successfully compete with main gas.

1. Obvious outsiders - electric boilers. The price of a kilowatt-hour of heat obtained by heating water with a heating element or any other direct heating device is equal to the cost of a kilowatt-hour of electricity and, at current tariffs, is approximately 4 rubles.

I emphasize: the so-called economical electric boilers (induction or electrode) are fiction. Of course, they work, but the method of heating water does not affect the cost of a kilowatt-hour of thermal energy.

Induction electric boiler. Its undoubted advantage is reliability. But in terms of economy, it is no different from a device with heating elements.

Installation costs

How much will it cost to make heating in the country or in country house?

In order not to introduce confusion due to the scatter of the parameters of the heating system, I will compare the average cost of heat sources of the same rated power - 15 kW.

• Gas boiler - from 25 thousand rubles;

Without a gas pipeline, the owner will have to invest in the equipment of a gas station or gas tank, which will increase costs by another 150-250 thousand.

• Pellet boiler - from 110,000;
• Electric boiler - from 7000;
• Solid fuel boiler - 20000;
• Liquid fuel (on diesel fuel or mining) - from 30,000;
• Solar collectors with a total capacity of 45 kW (three times the power reserve compensates for downtime at night) - from 700,000 rubles.

It is obvious that a reasonable balance of the cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat and the heating equipment itself is provided only by firewood and coal. A good alternative to them - used oil - cannot participate on equal terms in our competition due to the inaccessibility of this energy carrier.

Free solar heat, in fact, turns out to be prohibitively expensive at the installation stage: the cost of the thermal energy accumulator will be added to the exorbitant costs for the collectors themselves.

Ease of use

Laziness, as you know, is the engine of progress. You want to heat your home not only cheaply, but also with minimal time and effort.

What about different heating options with autonomy?

1. Electric boilers are leading. They work indefinitely and do not require maintenance from the word "absolutely". The coolant temperature can be controlled automatically using a remote electronic thermostat. Electrical equipment allows you to program daily and weekly cycles (for example, reduce the temperature during your absence);

1. Gas boiler with gas tank provides autonomy for several months, or even for a whole season. It differs disadvantageously from an electric boiler in the need to remove combustion products, so the location of the device is tied to ventilation, a chimney or outer walls private house;
2. autonomy liquid fuel appliances limited only by the volume of the fuel tank;

A separate room has to be allocated for a diesel boiler. The reasons are the high noise level during the operation of the burner and the smell of diesel fuel.

1. The use of several cylinders connected in parallel reduces the autonomy of heating equipment to a week;
2. Approximately the same amount of time a pellet boiler can work on one load;
3. Solid fuel boiler needs its laying every few hours and periodic cleaning of the ash pan. This period can be increased by limiting the heat output with a covered air damper, but at the same time, incomplete combustion of the fuel will reduce the efficiency of the device and, accordingly, increase the owner's heating costs.

What is the result? And in the end, comrades, we have to choose between the limited autonomy of a pellet boiler with its rather high cost, the continuous kindling of a solid fuel appliance and the exorbitant cost of thermal energy from an electric boiler.

the main problem solid fuel heating- frequent kindling.

loopholes

How can you heat a living space, combining acceptable autonomy with low operating costs?

We can go one of two ways:

• Try to increase the autonomy of the system with a solid fuel boiler;
• Minimize electricity costs.

Now - more about each possible solution.

pyrolysis boiler

This is the name of a type of solid fuel appliance that breaks the combustion process of coal or firewood into two stages:

1. Smoldering with limited access to air (the so-called pyrolysis). Incomplete combustion of fuel produces combustible mixture volatile hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide CO;
2. Post-combustion of pyrolysis products in a separate furnace. It is usually located under the main one and ensures its heating to the temperature required for pyrolysis.

What gives such a scheme?

• Flexible power adjustment by simply changing the speed of the blower fan;

• Maximum efficiency in the entire range of power values ​​(since the products of incomplete combustion of the fuel are burned out in the second chamber of the furnace);
• Autonomy at 10-12 hours. It is achieved precisely by limiting the rate of combustion of solid fuel.

Upper combustion boiler

Another step towards increasing the autonomy of solid fuel heating equipment was made by the engineers of the Lithuanian company Stropuva. They just transferred the process of smoldering fuel from the grate to the upper part of the furnace. As a result, with an increase in the volume of the bookmark, it is not the thermal power of the boiler that increases, but the duration of combustion.

How was this result achieved?

The boiler is a vertical cylinder with a telescopic air duct ending in a massive steel disc with fins (it is called a staskoblin). As the fuel filling burns out, the air duct descends under its own weight, at each moment of time providing air supply directly to the fuel smoldering area.

The same disk separates the region of fuel smoldering and the region of afterburning of products of incomplete combustion, turning the upper combustion boiler into a kind of pyrolysis. A small amount of ash remaining on the surface of the firewood is carried away by an ascending stream of hot gases.

The maximum autonomy was shown by the Stropuva coal-fired boiler. On one tab, he worked for 31 hours.

Heat accumulator

Is it possible to heat a country house with an ordinary solid fuel boiler without spending a significant part of the day on kindling and cleaning it?

Yes. A heat accumulator will help with this - a regular water tank with thermal insulation and several outlets for connection heating circuits. Water has a fairly high heat capacity. So, a tank with a volume of 3 m3, when the coolant is heated by 40 degrees, accumulates 175 kWh of heat, which is enough to heat a house with an area of ​​about 80 m2 during the day.

How to install a heating system with a heat accumulator with your own hands?

It forms two circuits with forced circulation:

• The first connects the boiler heat exchanger to the battery;
• The second combines a heat accumulator with heating devices - radiators, convectors or registers.

As a result:

• The boiler is fired up once or twice a day and operates with a fully open damper, at rated power (and, accordingly, with maximum efficiency);
• The rest of the time, the heat accumulator gradually releases the accumulated heat to the house.

Such a scheme will also help to heat the house at minimal cost to the owners of electric boilers, but only if there is a two-tariff meter. At night, during the minimum tariff, the boiler heats the water in the tank, and during the day the accumulated heat is gradually given off by radiators.

Warm floor

Underfloor heating systems turn the entire surface of the finishing floor covering into the heating device.

For heating can be used:

• A pipe with a heat carrier laid in a screed;

• Heating cable laid in a screed or in a layer of tile adhesive under the tile;
• The film heater is a polymer film with high electrical resistance current-carrying paths. The heater is placed under a finish coating of sufficient thermal conductivity - laminate, parquet or linoleum.

A warm floor allows you to reduce heating costs by 30-40% compared to convection appliances - radiators or convectors. Savings are achieved through the redistribution of temperatures: the air is heated to a maximum of 22 - 25 degrees at floor level, while the temperature is minimal under the ceiling.

With convection heating, for a minimum comfortable +20 at floor level, the air under the ceiling will have to be heated to 26 - 30 degrees. Heating affects only heat leakage through the ceiling and walls: they are directly proportional to the temperature difference on both sides of the building envelope.

I used film heaters to heat the floor under the work tables. With a ridiculous consumption of electricity (an average of 50-70 watts per square meter), they provide subjective comfort during operation even at a room temperature of 14-16 degrees.

infrared heaters

Conventional heating heats the air in direct contact with the heater. However, with comparatively small area heating element and its high temperature, another method of heat transfer begins to dominate - infrared radiation. It is he who is used by infrared heaters, positioned as devices for economical heating with electricity.

How infrared heating better than convection?

Placed under the stream or on the wall, the device heats the floor and all objects in the lower part of the room with radiant heat. The effect is about the same as when using a warm floor - below the air temperature is maximum, under the ceiling - minimum.

Not only that: the radiant heat warms the skin and clothes of the people in the room. It creates subjective feeling heat to reduce comfortable temperature in the room from 20-22 to 14-16 degrees. We have already found out how the temperature difference with the street affects heating costs.

At -10 outside the window, a decrease in the average temperature in the room from 25 to 15 degrees will reduce heat consumption by (25 - -10) / (15 - -10) \u003d 1.4 times.

Heat pumps

What is a heat pump?

Structurally, it is identical to ... a conventional refrigerator. The design of this device allows you to take heat from a colder medium (soil, water or air) and give it to warmer air inside the house.

How is this achieved?

This is what the cycle of operation of any heat pump looks like.

1. The compressor compresses a gaseous refrigerant (usually freon), turning it from a gas to a liquid. In full accordance with the laws of physics, it heats up;
2. Freon passes through a heat exchanger, where it gives off heat;
3. The expansion valve is next in the path of the refrigerant. With a sharp increase in volume, freon returns to a gaseous state and cools sharply;
4. Passing another heat exchanger, it takes heat from a warm environment compared to the cooled freon;
5. The heated refrigerant returns to the compressor for a new cycle.

As a result, electricity is spent only on the operation of the compressor, and for every kilowatt of it electrical power the owner receives 3-6 kilowatts of thermal power. The cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat is reduced to 0.8-1.3 rubles.

Moreover, all types of heat pumps fully possess the advantages of electric heaters:

• They do not require maintenance and removal of combustion products;
• They can be programmed for daily and weekly cycles, further reducing heat consumption.

There are a few things a potential heat pump buyer needs to know about these appliances:

• The warmer the low-potential source of thermal energy, the higher the COP of the device (coefficient of performance, the number of kilowatts of heat per kilowatt of electric power when working for heating);
• COP also increases when the temperature of the internal (located in the house) heat exchanger decreases. That is why heat pumps usually use low-temperature heating - underfloor heating or convection appliances with an increased fin area;

• The lower temperature of the external heat exchanger is limited by the freon phase transition temperature and cannot be lower than -25 degrees. That is why heat pumps operating according to the "air-to-water" and "air-to-air" schemes can be used for heating only in the southern regions of the country;
• The Achilles' heel of geothermal and water pumps is the high cost of installing outdoor heat exchangers. Vertical ground collectors are immersed in wells several tens of meters deep, horizontal ones are laid in pits or trenches, and their total area is approximately three times the heated area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

A water heat exchanger requires a non-freezing reservoir or a well with a sufficient flow rate. In the latter case, the manufacturer's instructions prescribe to drain the waste water into another well - drainage.

A special case of a heat pump is a conventional air conditioner. In heating mode, it uses the heat extracted from the outdoor air by an external heat exchanger. COP of a modern inverter split system reaches 4.2 - 5.

The main source of heat in my house is the split systems installed in each room. How profitable is it to heat a house with air conditioners and how much will it cost to buy and install them?

Here is a short report:

• Two floors with a total area of ​​154 m2 are heated by four inverter air conditioners- three with a capacity of 9000 BTU and one with a capacity of 12000 BTU;
• The cost of one air conditioner at the time of purchase ranged from 20 to 25 thousand rubles, depending on the model and manufacturer;
• Installation of one inverter cost an average of 3.5 thousand rubles;
• Electricity consumption in the winter months is about 2000 kWh. Of course, electricity is spent not only on heating: an electric stove contributes, washing machine, lighting, round-the-clock computers and other equipment.

On the picture - outdoor unit split system responsible for heating the attic.

Conclusion

As you can see, even in the absence of mains gas, the house can be heated at moderate cost and without much discomfort. As always, the video in this article will offer additional information to your attention. I look forward to your additions and comments. Good luck, comrades!

Natural gas is known to be the cheapest heat source in our country. However, not all settlements can boast of gasification. In this article, the reader and I will study alternative views heating and evaluate them in terms of operating costs and ease of use of heating.

forehead to forehead

The economy must be economical

Since our goal is to save on heating costs, let's start by evaluating the cost-effectiveness of alternative heat sources. We will compare the cost of a kilowatt-hour of thermal energy obtained in different ways.

Everything is simple and clear: if there is no gas, the cheapest type of fuel is firewood. Other solid fuels lag behind by a small margin. Electric heating is an outsider.

The electric boiler is the source of the most expensive heat.

Sloth was born before me

However, the assessment of a particular heat source does not end with its economic efficiency. It is also important for us how convenient it is to use the appropriate heating system: it should be as autonomous as possible, not requiring constant maintenance.

For this parameter, a completely different sequence emerges:

1. The undisputed leader is heating with electricity. All types of electric heating do not require the attention of the owner, provide unlimited autonomy (the house can be heated indefinitely in the absence of residents) and do not need to remove combustion products;
2. Honorable second place in absence gas equipment goes to the diesel boiler. He, too, is able to work without maintenance until the fuel runs out. In the shortcomings of heating on diesel fuel, we will write down the accompanying odors, the noise of the burner (a diesel boiler requires a separate boiler room) and the need to store several hundred, or even thousands of liters of fuel;

1. The third place is given to the pellet boiler. Bunker for fuel and automatic system its dosed supply provide autonomy up to one week;
2. The gas cylinder will have to be changed and taken to the gas station once a day. By connecting several cylinders in parallel, you can get autonomy of 5-7 days;
3. Firewood and charcoal trail. A solid fuel boiler requires cleaning the ash pan, adding fuel and cleaning the ash pan every few hours.

Summing up the sad results

The results of our comparison are disappointing. Available heating options country house without gas force us to choose between an empty wallet and sleepless nights spent lighting the boiler.

Is the situation absolutely hopeless?

You lie, you won't take

Guys, this is not the time to panic. A number of solutions will allow them to either reduce operating costs or increase the autonomy of solid fuel heating equipment.

And we have gas in the apartment

Who said that the highway is a prerequisite for the availability of gas?

During my childhood, every yard had a fenced gas tank. An underground tank with liquefied gas supplied the surrounding houses. Such a gas supply scheme is still popular now, but already in the private sector.

Here is a brief excursion into the economy of this enterprise:

• The gas tank itself with a volume of 2700 liters (enough to heat a house with an area of ​​150 m2), its installation (including earthworks), gas input to the house, installation stop valves and pressure testing of the gas supply system will cost 185,000 rubles. This solution will ensure the operation of heating equipment with a capacity of up to 15 kW;
• The cost of one liter of gas mixture - from 14 rubles;

It changes according to seasonal demand. Gas is more expensive in winter and cheaper in summer.

• With a correct assessment of the required volume of the gas tank, its refueling is required once a year. Thus, the seasonal costs for heating and the operation of a gas stove will amount to 14 * 2700 = 37800 rubles;
• The cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat will be approximately 2.3 rubles.

Plus the electrification of the whole country

Yes, electric heating is more expensive than all alternatives. However, there are ways to reduce the overhead.

All on the floor

Film or cable is noticeably more profitable than an electric boiler with heating radiators.

The fact is that the use of the floor as a heating device leads to a redistribution of temperatures in the heated room:

• The maximum temperature is made at the floor level - that is, where heating is most needed;
• The temperature under the ceiling decreases. As a result, heat losses through the ceiling and the top of the walls fall: they are directly proportional to the temperature difference between the house and the street.

Make no mistake, underfloor heating will not turn electric heating into the most economical solution. However, it will reduce your costs by 15-20%.

Golden ray of sunshine

Infrared heating is another solution that will heat your home relatively inexpensively. An IR panel located under the ceiling heats the floor and objects in the lower part of the heated room, thereby turning them into a functional analogue of a warm floor: the room is heated more from below, and not from above.

Not only that: infrared radiation heats not only objects under the device, but also the skin with clothes of the inhabitants of the house. As a result, the subjective assessment of temperature changes: the comfort zone shifts a few degrees down. Reducing the average temperature in the room from 22-24 to 14-16 degrees allows you to reduce heating costs by 25-30%.

Download - do not download

Optimal from the point of view of the balance of convenience and efficiency, heating a country house without gas is heating with a heat pump.

What is a heat pump?

The most obvious model of this device is a conventional refrigerator. Electricity is spent only on the operation of the compressor, moving thermal energy.

How it works:

1. The compressor compresses the refrigerant, causing a change in its phase state: the gas turns into a liquid. At the same time, in full accordance with the laws of physics, it heats up;
2. Then the refrigerant passes through a heat exchanger, where it gives off excess heat;
3. The expansion valve is next on its way (in other words, a sharp increase in the diameter of the line). When the pressure drops, freon returns to a gaseous state and instantly cools down by several tens of degrees;
4. Passing through another heat exchanger, it removes excess heat from environment;
5. The refrigerant then returns to the compressor. The cycle is repeated.

This scheme has two very attractive properties:

1. It allows heat to be pumped from a colder environment to a warmer one;

There are limitations associated with the lower limit of the temperature of the refrigerant expanding when passing through the expansion valve. The best heat pumps are able to operate at a temperature of a low-grade heat source of about -25C.

Air heat pump Mitsubishi Electric Zubadan. The operating temperature declared by the manufacturer is up to -25C.

1. The electricity consumption of the compressor is several times lower than the effective thermal power of the device. Having spent a kilowatt-hour of electricity, it can pump up to 6-7 kilowatt-hours of heat into the house. In practice, the COP of heat pumps (coefficient of performance, thermal output per kilowatt of electrical power) is usually in the range of 2.5 - 5.

COP decreases as the temperature delta between the device heat exchangers increases. The more heated the medium from which the pump takes heat, the cheaper the kilowatt-hour of thermal energy will cost.

What can serve as a low-grade heat source?

• Soil below frost level. Depending on local conditions, ground heat exchangers can be vertical (placed in wells tens of meters deep) or horizontal;

Ground-to-water heat pump with horizontal heat exchanger.

• Water (ground or in a non-freezing reservoir). When using groundwater, two wells are drilled: the first serves for water extraction, the second - as a drainage for the waste (heat-releasing) fluid;

A common feature of ground and water heat pumps is the rather high cost of equipment and its installation. Turnkey prices - from 40 to 90 thousand rubles per kilowatt of thermal power.

• In warm regions - air. Along with air-to-water heat pumps, conventional split systems can be used for heating without fuel.

My house is heated in this way.

How efficient and cheap is such heating without gas?

• The house is heated by a total of four inverters that operate continuously during the cold season;

The photo shows an inverter with a capacity of 12,000 BTU, which is responsible for heating a 60 m attic.

• At the time of purchase, each of them cost 20-25 thousand rubles;
• On an area of ​​about 150 square meters the temperature is maintained at 20-22 degrees;
• The lower limit of the outdoor temperature at which this heating system happened to work is -20C. Location - Sevastopol, Crimean peninsula;
• The average electricity consumption during the winter months when heating two floors is about 1,500 kWh per month. According to the current Sevastopol tariffs, they cost about 5,500 rubles. Electricity is spent not only on heating: an electric stove, a washing machine, lighting, computers, etc. make their contribution.

Dark night

Alas, inexpensive air-to-air and air-to-water heat pumps are unable to operate in most of our country due to low winter temperatures. From the soil and water devices that remain operational in severe frosts, a potential buyer is deterred by their high cost.

Is it possible to make heating in a private house without gas cheaper with the help of direct heating appliances?

Of course. The instructions are pretty self-explanatory.

Keywords - " night rate". If you install a two-zone meter, you can pay at night not 3.8-4 rubles per kilowatt-hour, but 1-2. It is the preferential billing time that is used to heat the coolant to the maximum temperature; during the day rate, the boiler is switched off.

Excuse me, but in a day the house will freeze!

Calm, comrades! The situation will be saved by a heat accumulator - a heat-insulated tank with a volume of 200 - 3000 liters.

Such a heating scheme works as follows:

• At night, the coolant in the tank heats up;
• During the day, water circulates between the heat accumulator and heating devices, gradually giving them the accumulated heat.

In areas with a large number of sunny days per year, solar collectors are often used to heat water. They are mounted on the roof (flat or pitched), as well as on the south side of a private house. The average daily capacity of collectors is not enough to use them as the only source of heat, but they can significantly reduce heating costs.

Where are the firewood from

In the most remote corners of our country from civilization, there is often not only a lack of main gas, but also periodic power outages. In this case, coal and firewood remain the only source of heat for heating the cottage. As we have already found out, their main problem is the minimum autonomy of heating.

How to heat a house without gas and electricity without spending most of the day at a solid fuel boiler?

Laziness is the engine of progress. Once, a certain lazy but smart engineer thought about how to increase the interval between kindling - and came up with a pyrolysis boiler that requires laying firewood once every 8-10 hours.

How do solid fuel boilers of this type work?

Fuel combustion is divided into two stages:

1. At first, firewood smolders with limited air access. At the same time, they burn out to the state of the smallest ash, leaving no coals. Due to the lack of oxygen, combustible gases are formed during smoldering - a mixture of volatile hydrocarbons and toxic carbon monoxide CO;
2. Thanks to forced draft, pyrolysis products enter an additional combustion chamber located under the main furnace. In it, air is mixed with superheated volatile hydrocarbons. The afterburning of furnace gases in the chamber under the firebox maintains the temperature necessary for smoldering firewood.

The process of smoldering and afterburning of gases is easy to control by dosing the air supply - with your own hands, with an ordinary damper, or with the help of a primitive mechanical thermostat.

Even greater autonomy is provided by heating the house without gas with a top-burning boiler. This is a kind of pyrolysis boiler, in which the process of smoldering firewood or coal starts from the top and moves down. Smoldering is provided by the supply of air through a movable air duct, which descends as the fuel burns out.

By the way, it is precisely when operating at rated power that classic wood-burning and coal boilers provide maximum efficiency and thereby save the owner's money. The reduction in power due to the restriction of air flow leads to incomplete combustion of the fuel.

Conclusion

As you can see, the absence of a gas pipeline is not a disaster. Alternatives are not always as convenient and cheap as gas, but they do exist. The video in this article will tell you more about how to heat your home. I look forward to your additions in the comments. Good luck, comrades!

Most large settlements have a branched centralized system gas supply, which meets the needs of residents. In places located at a distance, the situation is not always encouraging.

Long distances to main pipelines and tangible gas costs make it necessary to use alternatives space heating. When examining the question, it turns out that efficient heating in a private house without gas can be provided using different kinds liquid and solid fuels, and in some cases do without it at all.

Gas saving

IN climatic zones With harsh winters there are additional reasons for concern. Too low outdoor air temperatures require a large gas flow, which significantly increases the financial costs of maintaining comfortable conditions.

The payment for heating in winter is a significant part of the family budget. There is a natural desire to reduce the volume of payments in cases where this is possible. Therefore, the focus is on all possible ways saving gas without compromising the temperature regime.

House insulation

You can significantly reduce heating costs in advance, during construction. Proper thermal insulation of walls, foundations, roofs will prevent thermal energy from escaping into the atmosphere. The upcoming heating costs will be acceptable. If the house is no longer new, you can insulate it at the renovation stage.

There is a wide range of materials that provide thermal insulation of buildings in general, individual apartments and houses in particular. Qualified masters will help with the choice of effective and economical solution home insulation. In addition to working with walls, flooring, ceiling structures, window and door openings should be carefully sealed.

Additional sources of savings

During construction, technical equipment of the house, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. Excessive capacity of the equipment will lead to excessive consumption of gas fuel and an increase in the amount of payments.

Up to 15% of costs can be reduced by the correct wiring of the heat pipeline.

Save your budget with installation collector system coolant distribution. In the bedrooms, you can increase the heating at night, in the living room - during the day. It is advisable to install automated temperature sensors in the house, in the country. You need to do this once, enjoy the result constantly. With a decrease in the air temperature in the street, the gas supply, the intensity of the operation of the thermal boiler increase. The sensor can work remotely, which is especially convenient for adjusting the heating of a country house.

Significantly reduce gas consumption for heating allows modern version ventilation devices. Installing a recuperator, in which hot air leaves the room through the inner pipe, and cold air enters through the outer jacket, while warming up, allows you to heat the house with minimal fuel consumption.

It is possible to make underfloor heating in living quarters. This is an economical way to raise the air temperature in your home at minimal cost. Of course, you need to install gas meters. They help to save a lot of money on heating.

How to go without gas

In a country with vast resources, there is always an alternative choice of fuel. It is possible to organize inexpensive heating of a house without gas and electricity. There are several options, the choice of which depends on the specifics of the place of residence, the availability of one or another organic raw material.

solid fuel

In many houses in the villages there were wood stoves. The tradition has been preserved to this day in the corners of the forest zone of the country, which has no problems with the delivery of wood. In addition to firewood, other raw materials can be used for heating.

Exist modern designs boilers with an automatic device, designed to use various types of solid fuels:

• firewood;
• straw briquettes;
• peat;
• coal;
• pellets from various raw materials.

In many regions, solid fuel is the cheapest source of heat. Sometimes boilers are made for a certain type of raw material, but universal equipment is popular. Such an autonomous heating method is associated with the need to constantly monitor the operation of boilers, add organic raw materials, regularly remove ash and clean chimneys.

The use of coal stoves is not environmentally friendly, a lot of harmful gases are released. It is best to use pellets or briquettes as fuel.

A good option for heating a private house is the arrangement of a fireplace. In addition to conventional fireplaces that heat one room with warm air, it is possible to build a piping system with a coolant that can heat completely without gas country house. As a heat carrier, water is used that enters the radiators, or air is distributed to all rooms through air ducts with adjustable dampers. Fireplaces have a lot of inertia, so you have to wait until the whole dwelling warms up. Some inconvenience of heating is compensated by the special comfort that the fireplace creates, by pleasant aesthetic impressions.

Liquid fuel

It is possible to heat a house cheaply and without gas, using liquid raw materials. The efficiency of liquid fuel boilers and stoves is high, however, they are large in size and weight. For the installation of heating stoves, it is necessary to provide a separate room with good ventilation and a flue system. How heat sources can be used:

• kerosene;
• fuel oil;
• diesel fuel;
• waste fuels or lubricants.

Liquid fuel has a sharp bad smell, for storage you need to build a separate building. Outdoors in low winter temperatures, flammable liquids will freeze, so the storage room must be heated or be prepared for the fact that the fuel must be brought to the required state before use. Taking into account all the difficulties to heat wooden house liquid fuel only makes sense if there are no other options available.

Electric heating

Regardless of the geographic location, electricity can be used to heat a house. There are many models of electric heating equipment on sale that work efficiently without any gas and are convenient to use. Saving money is not always possible. The costs are comparable to those for gas heating, which makes one think about other technologies.

However, if infrared film heaters are used, the energy consumption will be more economical. Sometimes heating with gas or wood is combined with the installation of electric heaters, making living conditions more comfortable. With the help of electricity, separate parts of the room are heated, portable heaters are installed in utility rooms, at cottages.

Modern Alternative

There are completely different approaches to the use of energy for heating purposes without the use of gas. The choice depends on the readiness to seriously deal with the equipment new system, financial possibilities of the owners of the house.

Heat pumps

An unusual yet unfamiliar option for organizing home heating is the use of a heat pump, the principle of which is based on converting the energy of soil, air or water into heat. The unit takes the low-temperature potential from the environment, heats the heat carrier in the evaporator and transfers it to the heating system.

The source of energy can be:

• soil located near the surface of the earth;
• wells;
• heat from non-freezing reservoirs.

In the first case, the contour is laid horizontally under a layer of soil located just below the freezing level. It occupies part of the adjacent area. Upon completion of the installation of the heating complex, the soil can be used for growing plants with small roots.

Wells are made in deep systems. They lower curved collectors from polyethylene pipes. The number of wells, their depth are determined by calculations. The installation of the heater can be done fairly quickly.

Laying polyethylene heating pipes at the bottom of the reservoir is more difficult to make. Fasteners must not only firmly fix the pipeline under water, but also make the plastic structure heavier. Unfortunate examples are known when, due to savings on fasteners, polyethylene fragments of the collector floated up, broke, and the coolant poured into the reservoir.

It is possible to take ordinary air from the street for the operation of the heat pump. This is the simplest option, which is economically justified only in places where frosts are not stronger than 20 ° C.

All types of geothermal heating equipment are environmentally friendly. For their operation, a compressor is needed, it is good if it can be powered not only from the central power supply, but also from a mobile generator. Heat pumps are more than three times more efficient than gas-fired boilers, but you need to invest a considerable amount of money in the beginning, which will not pay off immediately.

biofuel

Increased environmental awareness, the level of general awareness of the population allow the use of non-traditional energy sources, an example of which are various types of biofuels. Biological materials release gas as a result of fermentation. The combustion of gaseous products generates energy that can be used to heat a private house or greenhouse.

As raw materials, you can take any organic waste of an animal or plant origin. Most often they take manure, mix it with sawdust, peat, fallen leaves, straw, and other plant waste. This should be done in a sealed bunker, pit. To initiate fermentation, the mixture is heated to a temperature of 35 ℃. After the start of the reaction, heating continues spontaneously, organic gas is released, which must be sent to the pipeline system and used for heating as usual. gas fuel. It is important to note that the composition of biological gas is different from natural gas. Therefore, the burners must be adjusted to work in given conditions.

Most often, biofuels are used to heat greenhouses and utility rooms. The popularity of the technology is growing, the benefits are obvious. In the near future, biofuels will be widely used to heat homes.

Solar collectors

The possibility of using solar energy for heating purposes is interesting. There are systems that convert solar energy into electricity and heat. The first are called solar panels, the second - collectors.

Batteries powered by the sun are rare in our country. But heating collectors are gaining popularity every year, although they also have their own characteristics that complicate widespread use.

It will not be possible to install heating without gas using solar collectors completely throughout the country. For this, in winter there will not be enough daylight hours and radiation intensity. However, from spring to late autumn, solar energy is sufficient to heat water as a heat carrier. The heat accumulated in the collectors is forcibly circulated in the system due to the operation of the pump.

There are gravity models that operate completely autonomously without the use of electricity. A pump in such heating systems is not needed.

Any kind of solar collectors cost a lot. Additional costs are required for the purchase of a storage tank. They will pay for themselves in at least 10 years. In the southern regions, the use of solar energy for heating is justified by a large solar activity. Here it is quite possible to do without gas.

Innovative and traditional technologies make it possible to consider alternative sources of energy supply for heating without the use of natural gas. In addition to these, there are heating systems that use the energy of wind and geysers.

When planning the construction of a new house, the refurbishment of old housing, one should study the issue well, assess the availability of a particular source, and calculate the fuel consumption for heating the entire area. In this case, it will be possible to significantly save on heating and do without gas.

If there is no gas in the house, then heating can be built on solid fuel or electricity, or better, on a combination of both. The more diverse the heating sources, the less likely it is that the system will fail.

For example, the installation of a solid fuel boiler can be supplemented with an electric convector for each room. You can combine a Russian stove on the first floor of the house, and infrared heaters on the second floor. However, electric and solid fuel energy sources are not the whole list. So let's start in order...

To heat a house without gas and electricity, you should think about the energy of burning solid fuels:

• brick ovens;
• metal ovens;
• solid fuel boilers.

There are also fireplaces, but it is difficult to classify them as a home heating system, since they can only heat one room with their help.

Boiler operating conditions

The main models of solid fuel boilers are designed so that the air flow that provides combustion is directed mechanical thermostat with chain drive. In this case, the natural draft of the chimney must be ensured. However, for the normal operation of the boiler, a number of conditions must be observed:

• Place the branch pipe so that it is not higher than the incoming pipe.
• Provide the system with free communication with the external environment using an open expansion tank located at the top.
• Create a pipe system with optimal diameters and a minimum number of dead ends.
• Equip the boiler with fire safety equipment.

Price

The cost of solid fuel boilers varies in a very wide range - from 20 to 300-400 thousand rubles. It all depends on the design and capacity.

However, despite the price, solid fuel boilers are leaders in sales among home heating equipment without gas and electricity.

The difference between a liquid fuel boiler and a solid fuel boiler is insignificant. To obtain thermal energy, liquid fuel is poured into a liquid fuel boiler instead of coal:

• diesel fuel;
• fuel oil;
• kerosene;
• vegetable oils;
• alcohol.

The last two are given only as an illustration of the possibilities. The use of oil and alcohol is from the section of unaffordable luxury. And the point is not even that alcohol, for example, is very expensive, but that this fuel is obtained from vegetable raw materials that could be used for food production.

Peculiarities

A distinctive feature of liquid fuel boilers is high efficiency - up to 92%. In addition, for installation and operation, permission from special services is not required, unlike, for example, gas boilers.

Price

The price range for such boilers ranges from 25,000 to 180,000 rubles and depends on the manufacturer and the volume of the combustion chamber. The average annual cost of heating a private house is 150 sq.m. without gas and electricity on diesel fuel about 150,000 rubles.

Which is higher than the cost of solid fuel and even electricity.

You can convert solar energy into thermal energy only if the sun shines often and for a long time over the roof of your house. Unfortunately, 80% of the territories of Russia have nothing to do with this. However, even in a warm climate, you cannot rely on solar heating alone; you definitely need a backup source.

Principle of operation

Light-absorbing batteries are installed in place "under the sun", which convert solar energy immediately into heat, and then transfer it to the coolant. There are two types of solar collectors - vacuum and flat. Vacuum are considered the most efficient and economical. The use of solar energy is an achievement of science.

Price

plus solar heating is a small price for solar collectors. Flat devices can be purchased at prices ranging from 1,500 to 60,000 rubles. Vacuum ones are much more expensive - about 80,000 rubles. However, if you consider that you don’t have to pay for fuel, then the price is quite adequate.

Biofuel use

Biofuel is any organic material that can burn. However, under these terms Lately began to understand the use of gases emitted by rotting organic matter.

Principle of operation

For a source of such gas, anything that rots with sufficient intensity is suitable. Usually use manure, food waste, plant mass. All gases formed during the process of decay burn perfectly and replace natural gas.

The biofuel heating plant itself consists of units that collect, purify and feed the emitted gas to the boilers for combustion. And then the principle of operation is the same as that of a natural gas boiler.

Minuses

A significant disadvantage of this method of heating is the low productivity of decay in natural conditions. In order to accelerate this process, it is necessary to increase the temperature, and this is the cost of energy.

For this reason, it is not possible to use biofuels as the main method of heating a large house, but it is quite possible to heat a small house or create an auxiliary system.

Biofuel heating is widely used by farms in countries such as Greece, Spain, Portugal.

Such heat is extracted from nothing, just from the air. It's an air conditioner in reverse. The pump itself does not produce heat, it only extracts it from the environment and sends it in the right direction.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of the pump is to take heat from the environment in which it is placed. However, the pump needs starting energy. For example, in order to move 10 kW of thermal energy, it needs to consume about 3 kW of electricity.

The difference is impressive! And in the presence of electricity, allows you to make a choice in favor of a heat pump for economical heating private house without gas.

Features and prices

However, the problem is that in severe frosts such a pump fails. Works well at frosts down to -15, stops working at -30. There is another drawback - with practically free energy, the pump itself is very expensive - from 200,000 to 1,500,000 rubles.

Once they were called potbelly stoves. This name comes from a long time ago. civil war and subsequent devastation, when the simplest joys of life were associated with great wealth.

Much has changed since then, but the iron stove is still called a potbelly stove. Now they look different. Many of them are equipped with fire-resistant glass windows, but their essence has not changed - they heat up quickly and cool down just as quickly.

Maybe that's also why this stove was called a potbelly stove, because to maintain a constantly high temperature, a lot of firewood is required in a bourgeois way.

folk fantasy

In the Siberian taiga huts, where it is possible to bring a cast-iron stove, but it is difficult to deliver a brick, a potbelly stove is lined on three sides with large stones run in by a river. It turns out beautifully and functionally - the stones heat up and slowly give off heat to the air.

This technique is quite applicable in the conditions of a country house - when the house is built, and the heating is not yet ready. To some extent, the stones perform fire-fighting functions, absorbing random sparks and excessive heat. Stone structures can serve as a reason for the designer's imagination to fly.

Efficiency metal furnace will increase if you equip it with a coil for heating water and connect heating batteries to it.

Brick ovens or Russian ovens

In its classic form, the Russian stove is a marvel of engineering with a very efficient heating system. Not only did the stove heat the entire hut, it was also a multifunctional kitchen, a heated bed and even a bathhouse.

Nowadays, a number of functions of the Russian stove are not needed, but as heating in a private house without gas and electricity, it is effective!

In modern conditions

Making an ancient Russian stove modern is quite simple:

• If one of the sides is built into the wall that separates one room from the other, then two rooms will already be heated. However, the stove has four sides.
• If you manage to build a stove into two walls of two different rooms, then you can heat almost the entire house.
• If the house is large, then the forces of one heat source cannot be dispensed with - you will have to make a system of pipes and batteries with a water heating element.

The Russian stove differs from a simple brick one in size and in the absence of a stove bench. The brick oven has a large inertia - it heats up for a long time, but it also cools down for a long time.

To make the cooling process last longer, there is a damper system that retains hot air. However, it is precisely in this system that the greatest danger of the furnace lies - if the damper is closed ahead of time, then carbon monoxide from the furnace will not go into the pipe, but into the house.

Price

Construction cost brick oven depends on a number of factors: firstly, on the size, secondly, on the selected materials, and thirdly, on the remuneration of the stove-maker. And the work costs the most.

So, if the stove-maker takes moderately, and you are not going to decorate the stove with marble and ceramics, then you can meet 20-60 thousand rubles. Expensive or not - everyone evaluates in their own way. However, one should take into account the fact that the furnace will stand idle for more than a dozen years.

How to heat the oven

You can heat everything that burns. Classic variant- firewood and coal. However, the following sources of thermal energy also went into the furnace at all times.

Kizyak

Kizyak is completely dried cow dung. It burns well and leaves almost no ash. Horse manure can be used for the same purpose. By the way, there is no smell from such fuel.

Peat

Peat, or rather, peat briquettes. In terms of calorific value, this is something between firewood and coal. Briquettes are burning in an already heated firebox. This means that you first need to melt the oven with wood, and then lay the briquettes.

Advantages - peat is environmentally less toxic than coal.

More precisely, the toxicity of peat smoke can be equated with the toxicity of firewood. Only from peat there is more ash and smoke. You can only talk about the benefits of using peat if you have the opportunity to buy it at a low price. In all other cases, it is better to use firewood and coal.

Firewood

Firewood burns quickly and is not always hot. To support high temperature in the house you need not just a lot of firewood, they need to be put in the firebox all the time.

Coal

It is best to use coke. Coal burns for a long time, and good coked coal is also hot.

If you use black coal with low ash content and high calorific value, then one measure of coal can give as much heat as 3-5 such measures of their firewood will give. The only argument against coal is its high ash content.

Ash from coal is toxic, so there will be a problem of its disposal.

More

There are other substitutes for firewood. For example, seed husks or corn cobs. Both burn well, but not for long, and without strong heat. However, these types of fuel should not be taken seriously.

Thus, from all types of solid fuels, it is worth choosing firewood and coal. And, in combination. It is good to use firewood for kindling the stove, and coal for a long and slow burning.

Instead of a conclusion

For heating a private house without gas and electricity, there are a dozen systems - from a classic stove to solar energy. It is difficult to advise on which of them to stop. However, I can give one universal advice - try to form a multifunctional system with redundant functions and minimizing risk, like on warships.

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Gasification of "rural" areas, unfortunately, lags behind the pace suburban construction. And even for residents of the suburbs of administrative centers, the question of what kind of heating in a private house is the most economical, if there is no gas, sounds relevant. Taking into account energy prices for domestic market, the cost of a kilowatt of thermal energy looks like this: the second place is solid fuel, the third is liquefied gas, the fourth - liquid fuel, the last - electricity. But even in this hierarchy, not everything is so simple. How to heat the house if there is no gas.

Heating a house without gas should ideally be combined - using traditional and alternative energy sources

Eat different variants heating a country house without gas, each of them is worth special attention.

solid fuel

Not so long ago, solid fuels had no competitors. At first, wood, and then coal, were the main types. Of course, they also burned peat, straw and even dung, but, as now, it was a “local” fuel that was not widely used.

The primitive hearth in the cave is very reminiscent of a classic fireplace

With the beginning of the "gas era" of heating, firewood and coal faded into the background, but still remain in demand. Moreover, their prospects are "rosy", since there are much more explored reserves of coal than gas, and firewood and "wood" fuel are renewable energy sources. The modern difference is only that earlier stoves or fireplaces were used exclusively for heating the house, and now the boiler is considered the main source of heat. Although there are exceptions.

Furnaces

They still meet now, especially when it comes to a small country house or cottage. The main advantage is absolute energy independence. Therefore, they are used when it is necessary to provide heating for a private house without gas and electricity.

According to the purpose of the stove, there are heating and heating-cooking. The first option includes a Russian stove and a Swede, the second - a Dutch stove and a classic fireplace.

Their effectiveness largely depends on the design of the chimney system, of which there are three types:

Direct-flow. The chimney has a minimum number of elbows in the direction from the furnace to the pipe. This category includes classic open hearth fireplaces and Russian stoves. The heat emitter is the body and part of the chimney that runs indoors or inside the wall. By the way, due to the special design and massiveness, the Russian stove is considered one of the most efficient. And the traditional fireplace has the lowest efficiency. And in modern realities, it is more of a decor or a means of relaxation when contemplating an open flame than a full-fledged heater.

Channel. The combustion products are discharged through a system of channels passing inside the furnace body, which not only radiates, but also accumulates heat. This type includes "Dutch". It, like the Russian stove, warms up for a long time, but it also cools down for a long time.

Bell-type. Hot gases first rise into the "cap", where they give off part of the heat, cool down, descend along the walls of the cap and through the "cap" are drawn into the chimney.

In addition to non-volatility, the advantage of classic stoves is their "omnivorousness" in relation to solid fuel. Firewood, coal, peat, briquettes - everything that can be put in the firebox with your hands and set on fire. Moreover, unpretentiousness extends to the ash content of coal and the moisture content of firewood.

The Russian stove is still relevant, and can heat several rooms on two levels.

The disadvantages are no less significant than the advantages:

radiation type of heat energy transfer - a house is heated with one stove, where the entire living area is in one or two adjacent rooms;

labor-intensive maintenance - frequent refueling and cleaning;

low efficiency (average efficiency of about 20%) - the fuel does not completely burn out and most of the heat "flies into the chimney" along with smoke;

complex structure"Handmade" production, which can only be performed by an experienced craftsman.

These shortcomings are not present in modern solid fuel boilers and factory fireplace inserts.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Solid fuel boilers

Another not the worst option than to heat the house. Modern solid fuel boilers have an efficiency of 80-95%. That is, the best samples in terms of work efficiency are at the level of gas boilers, and only three economic factors "throw" them into second place:

higher cost of the heat carrier in terms of a kilowatt of thermal energy;

higher price of equipment;

"present" maintenance costs (expenses for transport, fuel storage and disposal of solid residues).

If we talk about the cost, then in the Moscow region, heating with wood is approximately one and a half times more expensive than with gas - about 90 kopecks. per kilowatt against 53 kopecks. (according to tariffs for natural gas for the second half of 2017, subject to the availability of metering devices).

Pyrolysis boilers have the highest efficiency - the firewood in them burns out almost completely, with a minimum "solid" residue

The use of fuel pellets increases the cost of a kilowatt to 1.3-1.4 rubles. and almost equals in price when using coal, but still cheaper by 15-20% than heating with anthracite. But there are nuances here.

If the task is how to heat a house cheaply without gas, then wood boilers long burning or pyrolysis (gas generating) models best meet this condition. The only drawback is that the laying of firewood is done manually and it is impossible to automate this process. Although this should be done infrequently - 1-2 times a day.

There are boilers for pellets or coal with automatic loading of fuel from the bunker. And although the bunker also needs to be loaded manually, it is much larger than the volume of the firebox. A conventional boiler model with a standard hopper with a capacity of 1 m3 can operate continuously from three days to a week, and with an enlarged hopper - up to 12 days (taking into account high-quality insulation of the house and low heat losses). And when it is not possible to load fuel often, then it is these boilers that are most best option(if you do not take into account the higher prices for equipment).

Solid fuel boilers of long burning with a large capacity bunker do not require daily maintenance from the owners

Note. There are even automatic modular coal-fired boilers with a bunker capacity of up to 14 m3, their own crusher, auger fuel supply to the furnace and automatic soot removal into their bunker - almost a mini-boiler room for a private house. Moreover, this is a domestic development and the cost of equipment is also “domestic”.

Fireplace inserts

Modern fireplace inserts, fireplace stoves and stoves do not differ in principle from solid fuel boilers. They also have the function of long burning and secondary afterburning. Their efficiency differs from gas-generating boilers by only 5-10%, which is at least four times higher than that of classic fireplaces with an open firebox.

Demonstration model of the fireplace insert closed type with water circuit

The intraspecific differences between such devices are that fireplace inserts require additional installation of a decorative portal and are used only for heating, fireplace stoves have a finished design and some models belong to the heating and cooking class (there are even models with a built-in grill), and all stoves perform two functions - cooking and heating.

Fireplace stoves and stoves have a limited power range - a maximum of 25 kW. This, of course, is less than that of boilers, but they can heat a house up to 250 m2.

Heating and cooking stove-fireplace - the best option for a small country house

The power of the fireplace insert can reach 40 kW, which allows you to heat a house up to 400 m2.

Stoves and fireplace inserts can heat a home in three ways:

heat radiation in the common space with a free layout of the entire level (studio type);

in a water heating system, if the furnace has an appropriate heat exchanger with piping;

in the air heating system.

Note. Air heating is the first known system in history, which appeared several millennia earlier than water heating. And now it is successfully used, but only in a modern version - the use of forced feed warm air to adjacent rooms or to the second floor through air ducts.

Video description

Visually how to heat a house without gas using air heating, see the video:

Liquefied gas

In terms of the cost of a kilowatt of energy, liquefied natural gas ranks third.

Eat different ways its delivery and storage, but the smaller the volume, the more expensive the final price. Therefore, for home permanent residence a gas tank is needed, and for small dacha, which is rarely visited in cold weather, you can get by with several cylinders of 50 liters each. When using a gas tank, the price of a kilowatt of heat from burning liquefied gas is 2.3-2.5 rubles, the use of cylinders raises the bar by 50 kopecks.

You can also heat up in different ways.

Most simple system- direct combustion of gas to produce heat without heating the intermediate heat carrier, piping and radiators. For this, gas convectors and infrared heaters are used. Their principle of operation and design are different, but one thing in common is the availability of equipment, compactness and operation from bottled gas. The disadvantage is the power limitation and heating of only one room. For example, infrared and catalytic gas heaters by AYGAZ maximum power 6.2 kW.

So compact infrared heater can be heated up to 40 m2

The gas holder allows you to build a complete autonomous system water heating, and the frequency of refueling depends on the volume of the tank, the heating area and the operating mode. In terms of ease of operation and maintenance, the system ranks second after electric heating. But it requires significant initial investments for the purchase of a gas tank, its installation (usually underground) and the laying of communications (pipes for connecting to the boiler and an electric cable for the tank heating system).

Another difficulty for a gas tank is the choice of location. It should be located close enough to the house and be accessible for refueling with gas.

Liquid fuel

This is probably the last option that should be considered when solving the problem of how to heat a house if there is no gas. It's not even about the price of energy carriers - they can be different. The most expensive diesel fuel allows you to get thermal energy at the same cost as when using liquefied gas from cylinders. The price of heat when burning fuel oil is the same as for coal-fired boilers, and "working off" practically compares the cost of heating to the level of natural gas. But…

In terms of equipment cost, this is one of the most expensive fuel-using systems. In addition, these boilers are "capricious", require regular care and the same maintenance complexity as the fuel and injection systems of a diesel car. There are also disadvantages such as air pollution by products of combustion of liquid fuels, as well as high noise levels from the operation of the fuel pump and burner.

Maintenance of an oil-fired boiler is much more difficult than any other

Electric boilers

Electric boilers have the highest efficiency - up to 98%. Moreover, it does not depend on the type of boiler. TENovye, electrode and induction boilers they differ only in the method of heating the coolant, and they have no losses from incomplete combustion of the fuel - electricity is converted into heat almost completely. In principle, it would be correct to speak not about the heating system (there is no fuel and combustion chamber), but about the method of heating.

In terms of the cost of equipment, the simplicity of the device, the completeness of automation and ease of maintenance, electric boilers have no competitors. But they have the highest cost per kilowatt of thermal energy. Although there are "loopholes".

Video description

In addition, you can use modern geothermal pumps, clearly about which - in the video:

Since July of this year in the Moscow region for settlements and rural areas with electric stoves and heating appliances, the one-part tariff is 3.53 rubles. per kWh. Taking into account the efficiency, a kilowatt of thermal energy will cost 3.6-3.7 rubles. But there are two- and three-part tariffs that allow you to save money. To do this, you need to install a thermal accumulator, which allows you to accumulate warm water for the heating system at night, when the tariff is 1.46 rubles. per kWh. If the house is small, and the capacity of the heat accumulator is sufficient, then the night supply (from 23-00 to 7-00) may be enough for the rest of the time or for most of it. This compares the cost of heating with electricity to solid fuel boilers on the corner. And much cheaper than burning liquefied gas. And the battery capacity is no more expensive than a gas tank or a coal bunker with a screw feed system.

The heat accumulator is able to optimize the operation of any heating system

But the main drawback of heating with electricity is the poor quality of networks and the power limit.

Conclusion

There are several other ways than to heat a house if there is no gas. For example, alternative ways to heat a house without gas are solar panels and heat pumps. But the widespread use of the first option is limited by the insufficient level of insolation in our latitudes precisely in winter time. And for the only stable and efficient type of ground-to-water heat pump, the cost of equipment and installation is such that without state support (as in some European countries) it makes it unprofitable compared to traditional heating systems.

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