How beautiful and correct to cover the plants in the winter on the balcony. Growing grapes on the balcony

Description and types of girlish grapes

There are about 20 varieties girlish grapes that grow in the area North America, Himalayas and East Asia. Some varieties are evergreen.

But deciduous vines have gained the greatest popularity, since they are less whimsical and successfully take root in almost all climatic zones. Caring for this plant is quite simple. Girlish grapes, unlike other varieties of the Grape family, do not need pollination.

In addition to its chic decorative foliage, it is famous for its exquisite small black berries. They are inedible, but they are an exquisite decoration of a decorative vine. The most common deciduous species are: triacicular, Vicha, five-leafed.

Tri-pointed girlish grape

In summer, the leaves of the creeper are green in color, and with the onset of autumn, their color changes to bright red and brown shades. Growing countries - Korea, Japan, as well as the territory of Primorsky Krai.

This vine, thanks to its strong branched tendrils, can very easily climb smooth walls. The glossy foliage has a chic decorative look, creating a dense green carpet.

This variety is recommended to be grown in the southern areas, since the plant is quite photophilous. Reproduction occurs by sowing seeds. The seed planting period falls in the fall, as long-term stratification is necessary.

Care of seedlings is almost not required.

Variety Vicha

Wicha is quite common. Differs in simple large leaves of a green color. With the onset of autumn, the foliage turns a bright red color.

This species is very willingly used for vertical decorations in European countries. Vicha propagates by lignified cuttings. Growing by sowing seeds is impractical because the seeds split and lose their ability to grow.

Planted cuttings in the first year of life grow quite slowly, require permanent care- feeding and watering. But in the future, their growth reaches 2.5 m in height. This variety is readily grown in apartments on the balcony, decorate terraces, gazebos.

Five-leafed parthenocissus

This species is a woody climbing liana which can be up to 20 meters high. This species first appeared in North America and Mexico. This variety is characterized by palmate-compound dark green leaves with pointed ends.

The most common species of this genus is the Engelman variety. It has rather tenacious branched sucker antennae. The leaves are in the form of five lanceolate dark green leaves, the length of which is 12 cm. The plant has reddish petioles.

With the onset of autumn, the foliage acquires a red-purple color. This vine is characterized by fairly active growth (growth of 1 m per year) and requires proper care. Having such a decorative look, it looks great on the balcony. Look at the photos of these varieties.

They have significant differences in appearance.

Features of cultivation and formation of girlish grapes

The only disadvantage, and with this great advantage, is the abundant and active growth of branches. This often happens if the plant is not properly cared for, and the correct pruning is not carried out. In addition to the decorative appearance of foliage and berries, grapes have a beneficial effect on the microclimate and air, since they perform the function of sound insulation, gas and dust protection, and also have phytoncidal properties.

Densely overgrown foliage protects very well from the summer heat, and also helps to reduce dampness in the premises. Planting girlish grapes is a simple process. Almost all varieties of tree vines are undemanding to the quality of the soil.

They do not need their increased fertility. The main thing is that the earth should not be dry and depleted. Liana quite easily tolerates slight salinization of the soil.

Planting of adults and large plants is carried out in deep pits, the width and depth of which should be 50 cm. These holes should be well-drained and filled with fertile soil.

Planting of young seedlings is carried out in the spring. The distance between each plant should be at least 60 cm, care at first consists in regular watering.

Watering, fertilizing and pruning

Grape care includes regular watering, fertilizing, as well as building necessary supports to give a decorative look to the plant. Timely watering is especially important. Drying out of the soil can lead to the loss of a unique decorative effect by girlish grapes.

For feeding use nitroammophoska - 40-50 g per square meter. This fertilizer is applied in early summer or spring. During the period of active growth, the plant is fed with 200 g of Kemira Universal. But this is not all the proper care needed for grapes.

It is very important to carry out regular loosening of the soil, removal of weeds, pruning, which is necessary to remove damaged and extra branches. Trimming can also be carried out in order to reduce the volume of the plant. Watch an instructional video on how to properly care for grapes. All types of parthenocissus are very readily used for landscaping fences, walls, arbors, as well as doors on the balcony ( on the picture). The bright mosaic of leaves, which turns red and brown with the onset of winter, simply fascinates with its beauty.

How to propagate girlish grapes yourself

Reproduction of girlish grapes is quite simple. There are two ways to grow this tree vine at home:

• Stem layers. Lignified cuttings. Seeds.

For cultivation in the first way, it is necessary to use and prepare planting material- stem cuttings. Prepare several young shoots up to 2 m long. Bury them in grooves to a depth of 3 cm and water regularly.

As soon as the first roots appear on the cuttings, the plants are planted in open ground at a distance of 20 cm from each other. It is best to plant in the fall in the morning or evening. Experienced gardeners often do not cut the layers.

They are simply bent to the ground, pinned, for example, with steel wire, then sprinkled with earth. Then the care is simple: they are watered regularly, and the very next year, when the first layers take root, they can be divided and planted separately.

It is not advisable to use apical layers with dormant buds for reproduction. The best and effective way growing creepers is a method of propagation by woody cuttings. To do this, at the end of spring or at the beginning of summer, several good branches are cut off, on which there are ripe leaves, and placed in a glass of water.

The cut of the shoot must be made 2-3 cm lower from the leaf. After a while, the cuttings will give the first young roots. It is necessary to regularly moisten the branches by spraying.

It is quite possible to propagate girlish grapes using seeds. But this process is rather troublesome.

At the beginning of autumn, seeds peeled from fruits are sown in the ground. The very next year, in June, the first shoots appear. Also, seeds are planted in the spring, but only after a long stratification, which takes about 2 months.

The advantage of the second method is the rapid germination of seeds - within a few weeks after sowing. Before sowing in the spring after stratification, it is better to soak the seeds for several days in warm water. Planting seeds is carried out at a depth of about 1 cm.

Seeds have a fairly long storage period and do not lose their germination throughout the year.

Growing girlish grapes in the house and on balconies

Girlish grapes have found their application even in apartments. They successfully decorate the door on the balcony, cornices, window openings. Planting a plant in a living room is carried out in boxes.

The process of planting lignified cuttings is the same as in open ground. It is advisable to mulch the plants with peat and cover with polyethylene for the winter. With the onset of spring, the shelter is removed and supports are placed, to which young branches are tied in the required direction.

Girlish grapes can freely decorate the entire door on the balcony in one season. You can see a detailed description of all methods of growing girlish grapes on the video materials. To decorate arches with girlish grapes, lignified cuttings are used and preferably long ones. The lower part is rooted, and the upper part is tied to a support. In 2-3 years, the arch will be completely entwined with this decorative liana.

Wintering girlish grapes

With the onset of autumn, grapes require proper care. It consists in collecting fruits to obtain seeds. As soon as the first frosts pass, the seeds will no longer be suitable for planting. Therefore, the berries must be harvested before the first frost.

The minus air temperature will lead to a massive fall of foliage, which must be removed, otherwise dampness will keep on the walls. At each subsequent year of life, the frost resistance of the plant increases. However, young vines, especially those grown from cuttings, must be covered with snow or some kind of covering material. In the future, they will get stronger, and the need for shelter will disappear. The only pest of all varieties of girlish grapes is aphids.

The benefits of grapes

In addition to its decorative appearance, girlish grapes are famous for their beneficial properties. Thanks to the research of scientists, glucose, fructose, malic and lemon acid, a lot of useful trace elements and vitamins. The fatty oils contained in the berries have an antioxidant property. Girlish grapes are widely used in oriental medicine.

In city apartments, you can grow grapes on the balcony. The easiest way to plant a finished grape seedling, if you want to tinker, you can grow it from a cutting. For grapes on the balcony, you need to create suitable conditions. The balcony needs to be insulated, you can buy foam, it has good heat-shielding qualities. Choose a suitable support for the vine, if the balcony is not on the south side, then increase the illumination. Highlight the grapes better lamps daylight, which are fixed on the ceiling of the balcony or on the walls from the sides. Grapes need lighting from eight in the morning to nine in the evening. The capacity is needed for 50-60 liters, the larger it is, the better.

Good for this purpose plastic barrels cut in half. If there is nothing suitable, then the usual 10 or 12-liter bucket will do.

Drainage holes are made at the bottom and containers are placed in a tray with sides 6-8 cm high. An ordinary basin will do. A layer of expanded clay is poured on the bottom of the container for drainage with a height of 4-5 cm. On top of it, gauze soaked in a strong solution of potassium permanganate is laid, and an earthen mixture is poured on it, consisting of garden soil mixed with sawdust at the rate of (3: 1), it is desirable add wood ash. The stalk of the desired variety for two days, kept in a growth stimulator solution or in water with the addition of honey. After that, we bury the cutting in the center of the container in the middle, deepening it into the soil to the upper kidney.

We cover the stalk with a 2-liter glass jar. For 2-3 weeks, the stalk usually has roots. The temperature in the room at this time must be kept at 25-27 degrees.

Then we remove the jar and water it as necessary, usually once a week, and if it is very dry, then it can be twice a week. The vines are formed so that it is convenient for you to use. Grapes are very plastic and young, not lignified shoots can be placed in any direction, at your discretion. Usually grapes begin to bear fruit in the second year. The ripening period for homemade grapes is determined by its maturity and it depends on the grape variety. The growth of a grape bush can always be stopped by shaping, pinching or chasing. If, over the years, the bush has grown strongly and it becomes difficult to cope with it, then you can grow a new seedling using layering of this variety or using the above technology, and the old bush can be planted in the garden.

Interesting articles:

Grapes - deciduous woody liana. Propagation by cuttings, 5 to 35 cm long, cut from mature wood. Cuttings are cut either in the fall after the leaves fall, or in the spring, before the buds start to grow.

Cuttings should have at least two buds, one 2 cm below the top edge and one 2 cm above the bottom, but cuttings with 3-5 buds are usually used. Cuttings cut in autumn are stored in a damp rag on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator or tied in bundles - they are dug into moist ground. In the spring, before planting, the lower cut is renewed and treated with a root growth stimulator, and the upper cut is dipped in melted paraffin or coated with garden pitch. Sometimes heat treatment is practiced, for which the upper part of the cuttings is placed in the snow at -2°-0°C and left in this position for 3-7 days.

In this case, the lower part is in the air at more than high temperature, which in the future has a positive effect on root formation. Grapes are not picky about soil, but good drainage is of particular importance in pot culture. In summer, during the period of growth and fruiting, grapes require maximum lighting and tolerate dry hot air conditions well, but with sufficient watering. In winter, especially after leaf fall, temperatures around zero are acceptable with the most minimal watering and nutrition.

IN room conditions the main defining requirement is to create maximum illumination of all leaves of the vine. Therefore, the plant is often formed into one sleeve - the trunk. Pruning vines for fruiting before the start of the growth period

Pruning the vine after the formation of ovaries Pruning the vine after fruiting and leaf fallAfter formation desired length sleeves proceed to pruning for fruit bearing in mind that the clusters are usually formed on the current year's shoots that grow on the previous year's wood.

In autumn, two shoots are left on the sleeve. The longest (conductor) is placed horizontally at the bottom or a ring is formed from it with a standard form. All side shoots the conductor is removed.

The second shoot is greatly shortened to a stump with three buds. In the spring, fruit shoots develop on the conductor, on which flowers form. And at first they are allowed to germinate more buds than planned to have fruit shoots, because if the main bud dies, then the shoots from the replacement buds are often barren.

Fruit shoots are directed vertically upwards along the window or twisted along the guide that has been folded into a ring. After the cluster is formed on the fruit shoot, it is pinched, leaving one or two leaves behind the cluster.

All non-flowering shoots are removed or pinched after 3-5 leaves. Such fruitless shoots can be identified on early stage, since it is known that flowers are not formed above the first tendril on a green shoot. In a hemp with three buds, two shoots are allowed to grow freely.

In the fall, one of them will be formed into a conductor for the next year, and the second will be shortened again into a stump with three buds. At the same time, the fertile conductor with fruit shoots is cut out, thus repeating the entire pruning cycle.

When pruning, it is necessary that the wounds are located on one, preferably the inner, side of the sleeve and other perennial parts of the bush. If lighting and heating conditions allow, then the grapes can get two crops a year, making very strong pruning after the first fruiting. In room conditions grapes are pollinated by hand, tapping on the trunk or transferring pollen to the palms of the hands during cross-pollination. In the first year of fruiting, no more than two clusters are left on the vine. In subsequent years, the number of clusters can be gradually increased, keeping in mind that the maximum yield is usually 1.5 kg per plant. In addition to removing excess clusters, thinning them is often practiced indoors.

The main treatments against them are carried out during the absence of leaves after pruning. Every 3-4 years it is necessary to clean off the old bark from the trunk and destroy it. Growing grapes on the balcony.

In principle, there are no obstacles for people who do not have garden plots or a vineyard not to grow grapes for themselves. All it takes is a sunny balcony or terrace.

Proper planting of grapes.

For balcony (terrace) viticulture, a capacity of 100-120 liters is required. It can be a ceramic or wooden pot. It is important that the container has a depth of 40-60 cm and there are holes in the bottom to drain excess water.

At the bottom of such a container, we place a layer of drainage (5-10 cm), made of expanded clay, gravel or crushed ceramic flower pots. The vine does not tolerate excessive moisture in the root system and such drainage and a drain hole in the bottom should provide proper conditions.

We fill the pot with garden soil, which is purchased at a garden store, the so-called flower soil, half mixed with sand. The earth should have a PH reaction in the range of 6-7. It is important to plan the future behavior of the vine in space.

It can climb a specially prepared plank structure placed on the wall of the building, between our balcony railing and the balcony above, or attached directly to our wooden pot. There is a large field of activity for the realization of one's own imagination and ingenuity, but the principle must always be preserved that the planned structure must provide conditions for: the plant freely twists and rises along it, good heating of the vine by the sun, and its ventilation (we place the structure at a distance of 15 cm, from the wall).

The corresponding design may not be made in the first year - we can do it in the second year after planting. In the first year, it is enough to tie the shoots to a stick driven into the ground near the seedling.

Choice of grape variety.

We choose the variety according to our own preferences. It is worth paying attention to what follows, based on the limited space, to select varieties that grow the least.

Planting and care in the first year.

For balcony-terraced viticulture, it is more profitable to use cuttings. This is due to the limitation of the amount of land at the disposal of the root system. The acquired seedling should be planted a little deeper than it grew in the container.

Near the seedling, but so as not to damage the roots, we drive in a stick to which we will tie the growing vine. During the period of shoot growth, the plant should be watered (not abundantly!) And weeds that may appear from the pot should be removed.

It is also worth periodically plowing the ground to a depth of about 5 cm. It will be enough to fertilize the plant with a handful mineral fertilizer(eg Azofoska), but no later than the beginning of August.

After the leaves fall in autumn and the shoots become stiff, it is worth making the first pruning of the vine. Be sure to cut the vine by 2-3 buds. Often, among novice growers, you can find those who regret pruning "so well growing shoots."

However, for the good of the plant, such sentiments should be discarded. And cut! The pruned vine is sprinkled with earth before winter.

Protection of grapes from frost.

In principle, there is one serious difference between viticulture on the site and balcony-terrace. This concerns the protection of the root system before winter frosts. When growing a vine in a pot (barrel), the roots of the plant should be very carefully insulated from all sides.

Not only from the sides, but also from above, and also (which is sometimes forgotten) from below! Each good idea, this is, first of all, to prevent the root system from freezing in winter and to ensure the temperature of the earth is not lower than 6-7 C. One of the most effective methods is insulated with polystyrene boards.

Also for this purpose, you can use dry leaves, straw and other natural materials. Of course, the most advantageous place for wintering a pot would be a basement or garage. However, based on its weight, this is a rather difficult operation.

Second year of cultivation.

In the spring (end of March, beginning of April), we remove the thermal insulation from the pot and carefully rake the earth poured over the seedling. If in the previous year we did not make a supporting structure for the vine, we are doing it now.

We water the earth abundantly, because it has not received the necessary supply of moisture coming from snow and spring thaw. We fertilize the earth with a handful of mineral fertilizer and plow it to a depth of about 5 cm. Other principles of balcony cultivation are identical to growing grapes on the site.

Vine pruning.

Pruning rules are similar to those for open vineyards. However, in connection with specific conditions the life of the vine it turns out that best practices are: short pruning, Cordon Roya, Guyot form.They make it easier to cover the plant for the winter. In the case of growing on a balcony best form is the Roya cordon, with a permanent perennial shoulder tied to the railing and sprouts that climb the grate placed between our balcony and the balcony above. I wish you, dear readers, beautiful harvest grapes on the balcony.If you have something to add, please be sure to leave your comment.

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Of course, to grow such an “exotic” fruit for most, you will need not only desire, but also a minimum of knowledge in the field of agricultural technology. You will also have to find seeds suitable for growing. For a window sill or balcony, varieties such as Taiga, Laura, Northern, Russian concord. Perfectly take root and grow "favorites" of children - Kish-mish, Victoria, Rapture(red or black) Chaush and some others. In principle, the importance of the variety is secondary if the seeds are taken from a strong vine, since the stronger the plant, the greater the resistance to various diseases and the fewer requirements for soil preparation and initial cultivation - the seed will do everything by itself with minimal labor. But do not forget about pollination, so self-pollinating varieties are suitable for the home, and only experienced gardeners may risk growing "heterogeneous" species.

There are very specific requirements for the soil: it should be loose, moist (but not raw). It is best to prepare the soil with your own hands: ignite clean river sand in a frying pan to destroy microflora, then mix with humus in a ratio of 1: 2. Also, sawdust should be attached to the soil, but not with it, but in a separate bag. Many people use this soil option for cuttings and seedlings: leaf humus, soddy soil, fine river sand and compost. In such a mixture (proportion 3: 3: 1: 2), the root system of young bushes develops best, but for seeds it is worth using the first option.

A minimum set of equipment is required: a small container from which watering will be carried out, a soil cultivator (an old unnecessary fork is also suitable), a spray gun, scissors.

For planting grapes at home can be used as flower pots, and immediately containers. However, the latter are not needed in the first three years and turn out to be unnecessarily cumbersome, and due to the impossibility proper watering so a large number soil increases the risk of developing various diseases.

Preparing seeds or seedlings

You can plant a "bush" as cuttings, seedlings, and seeds. Cuttings are the most labor-intensive, but their viability is high. Seedlings are more convenient, because you do not have to deal with germinating seeds and caring for them. On the other hand, seedlings may turn out to be from material that you have not tested, and if they turn out to be unviable, then there is a risk of losing a whole year. Seeds can be collected independently, for which you need ripe and large berries of the desired variety. The seeds from them are washed until completely cleansed of the pulp under a cool stream, but not cold water. Then they should be laid out on fabrics to remove excess moisture, then placed in bags and put in the refrigerator. About once every 7-10 days they must be taken out of the bag, washed, excess water removed again and placed back in storage in the refrigerator door.

With cuttings, everything is somewhat more complicated: they should be bought in the fall, when the crop is pruned. Acquired cuttings are disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 10-20 seconds, after which they are sprinkled with sawdust conifers(which are preliminarily scalded with boiling water and cooled to room temperature), placed in a bag and tied in several places with a thread. The cuttings should stick out of the package by no more than 5 cm, but not less than 3. Then the package is placed in a refrigerator on a shelf with a temperature of 0 ... + 2 gr. C. Once every 1.5 months they are taken out of the bag, the sawdust is changed, the blackened cuttings are thrown out.

Seedlings are the simplest option, since it is enough just to purchase them by the time of planting and plant them in pre-prepared soil. But their obvious shortcomings have already been cited above.

We plant grapes in the apartment - the first steps

Before planting future bushes, preparatory work should be done. With seeds - get them from the storage place. Around mid-February, their skin will burst, indicating readiness for germination. It should be produced as follows: remove the seeds from the bag, carefully sprinkle on a damp cloth and place for about four days in a warm place. Care should be taken to keep the fabric wet, which may require the addition of water. By the fourth day, the first rudiments of roots should erupt, respectively, it is time to plant the seeds in pots. For each seed, a 3-5 liter pot containing drainage is allocated.

The cuttings are prepared in this way: around the twentieth of February, the bark of the cuttings at the base is cut. If greenery is visible under the bark, then everything is in order - the stalk is alive. If the color varies from black or gray to beige, then there is nothing to plant. The selected material is sent for further preparation: the stalk is cut into short twigs, each of which should have 2-3 buds. The upper cut is straight, 20-30 mm away from the kidney, the lower one is oblique, 10-20 mm away from the kidneys. The resulting rods are soaked in melt water (the snow should be taken clean, it is advisable to collect it away from the roads) for two days.

The container is placed on the windowsill, and some natural growth stimulants can be added to the water, primarily honey or sodium humate. Drying before planting is an important element. It takes no more than a quarter to half an hour, it is made on a dry cloth. Do not wipe the cuttings, just spread them out.

Rooting can be done in water, and not in the ground, as well as in sawdust. However, the latter method is rather radical and, with the slightest mistake, can destroy the future vine. In water, the root is germinated as follows: cotton wool is placed in a glass container, into which charcoal and two granules of potassium permanganate are added.

A cutting is placed in the cotton wool, after which water is poured to a level that completely hides it. The neck of the container is tightly covered with polyethylene and the resulting kind of greenhouse is placed on the windowsill of the south window. Water will have to be added periodically, and if a strong branch appears, then it will have to be carefully removed, otherwise all the forces will go into it, and not into the roots. Transplantation into the ground is carried out with a root length of 5-10 mm.

Seedlings are immediately ready for planting. They are transferred carefully, from the pot in which they are purchased, they should be removed so as not to damage the delicate root system.

Vine care

Growing grapes at home in the first year of the life of the vine will require a lot of labor so as not to destroy the plant. First of all, it is worth considering that the grapes are quite photophilous, and it should be placed on the south side, but the pot itself will have to be shaded. Watering is frequent, with settled water, if the batteries are “fried”, the air in the house is dry, or the summer turned out to be extremely hot, then the intensity of watering can reach up to two times a day. But do not flood the plant, as young roots can rot.

Once every three weeks, it is worth applying nitrogen fertilizers until the first fruiting (early summer), however, with the advent of clusters, it is worth changing the selected top dressing to a complex one and using it twice a month. With the end of this period, you should switch back to nitrogen. Considering that grapes at home can bear fruit twice a year, complex fertilizers will also be used. After top dressing, the soil is carefully loosened. Loosening is also done between waterings, once every five to seven days.

Regardless of the climate, one should resort to highlighting the bushes, for which fluorescent lamps are placed above them. LB-20 or analogues are best suited, since the intensity of the light flux and light temperature is sufficient for both confident growth and good fruiting.

The growth of the vine is limited: someone at two meters, someone at one. The optimal limit is 1.5 meters. In order to properly limit the growth of the vine, you should choose the strongest shoot, cut its tip into 2-3 buds, and simply cut off the rest. But this should be done only after the foliage has fallen off and the plant has gone into hibernation.

Every year, the grapes will need more and more soil and therefore will have to be transplanted into ever larger containers, however, the maximum required size (for a 3-year-old or more bush) is 500x500x500. Every year the volume of humus decreases, and the land increases. But you won’t have to get rid of sand, since it will be the only optimal soil baking powder.

The bush should be formed from the very first shoots - this is necessary to increase the yield. Proper formation consists in pinching emerging branches, especially fruit-bearing ones, and timely removal of excess ones. Pinching is carried out above the sheet, the fifth in a row from the brush. There should be no more than one brush per shoot - this should be carefully monitored, otherwise you risk getting small and not sweet berries. The vine is cut in such a way that a replacement shoot can appear nearby. With this alternation (shoot-vine-shoot-vine), the bush will be the most fruitful and viable.

It is also worth remembering that immediately after the completion of fruiting, the plant goes into a state of rest, respectively, it will have to be transferred from the south side to the north, to the coolest place.

The balcony is part of the apartment, even if it is located outside of it. That is why the decoration of this room is important matter. This will speak of the accuracy and diligence of the hostess. And what else can be the best decoration than bright greens and flowers? cultivation various plants on the balcony is favorite hobby many. Today we will tell you how you can grow girlish grapes on the balcony. After reading this article, you will understand that such an occupation is not difficult and not expensive.

Which variety to choose

Maiden grapes are a fairly common plant. It is used to decorate fences, house facades, hedges and, of course, balconies and loggias. This plant is a vine, up to fifteen meters long. The leaves of girlish grapes can be of different colors. On the vine you can see red and yellow, green and dark blue leaves and branches. It looks beautiful and impressive.

There are two varieties of girlish grapes:

• triacicular;
• five-leafed.

The first variety is the most common. Such grapes are a bit like plush and have three-lobed leaves, different sizes and colours. The five-leaf girlish grape has green leaves all summer and spring, only in autumn the color changes to bright red. The leaves themselves are oval, five-pointed. The length of the vine reaches 10 meters. The plant, clinging with its antennae to the smallest ledges and cracks, is able to climb high up the wall or roof.

Photo 2

Photo 3. Girlish five-leafed grapes

Photo 4. Girlish five-leaf grapes in autumn

What you need to grow girlish grapes

If you decide to get girlish grapes to decorate your balcony, then you need to know that its cultivation requires partial shade or full shade. This plant does not like a lot of sun, so on a balcony located on the sunny side, such grapes may not take root. The plants themselves should not be planted too close to each other, it is better that there is three meters of free space between them.

To start growing girlish grapes, it is worth preparing some tools and materials. You will need:

• a cup for planting seedlings (it can be made of paper, plastic or clay);
• film (to protect the sprouts from cold and wind);
• fertilizer for better growth grapes;
• pegs or sticks (to direct the growth of the plant in the right direction);
• a net of rope (girl's grapes are a liana, it is easier for her to weave);
• garden tools(cutting scissors, shovel and watering can).

planting girlish grapes

When buying seedlings, pay attention to the roots of the plant. Grapes with weak roots wrapped in polyethylene are not worth buying, since such a plant is unlikely to take root. It is better to spend money on grapes in a pot, let it cost a little more, but there are more guarantees. Also make sure the plant is grafted.

The plant grows best on the penumbra side. by the most the best place will be where the sun is only half a day. In this case, the grapes will always delight you with their gorgeous crown. Girlish grapes love humus-rich soils. Initially, the cuttings are planted in a small container, and from there, an already strengthened plant can be transplanted to the right place.

Planting young seedlings is best done in the spring. This is done in a small hole, because the root system is not yet so developed. mature plant can be transplanted almost all year round. To do this, a hole is made at least fifty centimeters deep and of the same width and length. Drainage in the form of small stones fits into it. After placing the plant in the pit, everything is covered with fertile soil and watered.

plant care

Growing girlish grapes will not require much effort and significant financial costs from you. The plant itself is quite picky and will require only periodic watering, top dressing and pruning. In order for girlish grapes to always have a beautiful decorative look, it is necessary to keep the soil moist, otherwise it will begin to dry out and cease to be a decoration of your balcony. At the same time, the surface of the soil must be ventilated, otherwise there is a risk of mold.

In order for the vine to grow well, the soil needs to be fed. In spring or early summer, nitroammofosk is applied. This fertilizer requires 40 to 50 grams per square meter. If you are growing a plant in small containers, then pour this amount of fertilizer evenly under each bush. When the plant goes to active growth, it needs to be backed up organic fertilizer. It is advisable to use a special drug Kemira Lux or Universal. It must be used at 200 grams for each vine.

In addition, we need other activities that are common for gardeners and gardeners. In order for the roots of the plant to breathe, it is necessary to periodically loosen the earth. But this must be done carefully (especially near the exit of the trunk from the soil) so as not to damage the roots. Naturally, it is necessary to get rid of weeds, they will take nutrients from the soil.

In order for the plant to grow in the right direction and cover the surface that you want, it must be directed. Initially, this is done with pegs. By tying a young trunk to sticks driven into the soil, you will direct its growth in the right direction. Then, when the crown is more or less formed, the ropes are pulled. On them the vine will weave. To keep appearance girlish grapes in the proper form, it is required to periodically cut off dry and sluggish leaves. In the same way, you can shape the crown itself, making it more beautiful.

grape propagation

Parthenocissus can be easily propagated at home. The most common method is considered to be reproduction using stem taps. But it is of little use when growing a plant on a balcony. The essence of this method is that a stem up to 2 meters long is buried in the ground. Then, when the cuttings take root, they can be transplanted. As you can see, more space is required here, which is not available on the balcony.

The most acceptable way is reproduction with the help of wood cuttings. In spring or early summer, small cuttings are cut from an adult branch. They must have formed leaves. Such cuttings are placed in a glass of water and, after a while, young roots will appear, then the plant will be ready for planting.

There is another way - reproduction using seeds. But this is done extremely rarely, due to the troublesomeness of such an occupation. At the beginning of autumn, ripe fruits are harvested (these are still grapes, although they are decorative). They are peeled, and the resulting seeds are immediately planted in the ground to a depth of 1 centimeter. It will take a long time to wait for seedlings, constantly watering the soil and weeding out weeds. Only at the end of June next year will the first shoots appear. As you can see, this method takes a lot of time, which is why it is rarely used.

Growing such a vine will not require much effort and financial costs from you. It is enough to buy one cutting, small containers for soil and the soil itself. Planting and care is quite simple. Also, the reproduction of this plant will not cause great difficulties. By spending a little of your free time, you will get beautiful decoration for your balcony. But such a plant can decorate a country gazebo, a fence, and other buildings and structures. Grapes will look beautiful and attractive everywhere.

It is quite possible to grow balcony plants that are pleasing to the eye and at the same time beneficial. Take at least wild grapes. Many are attracted by the amazing interiors created with their help. And most importantly, this plant bears fruit remarkably. Dark blue small berries on the racemes persist even in winter.

Varieties

When choosing a grape variety, factors such as:

• decorative effect;
• resistance to diseases and low temperatures;
• fruit quality.

For landscaping best solution there will be girlish grapes on the balcony. Basically, preference is given to its two varieties: five-leafed and triacicular. Both of these varieties are unpretentious and frost-resistant. They are ways to "cling" to nearby surfaces on their own. In just a year or two, the plant braids almost any balcony. The fruits are very small, the berries are not suitable for food.

• trifoliate. This plant is distinguished by three-lobed large leaves of a diamond-shaped pointed shape, very reminiscent of ivy. The edges of the dark green leaves are glossy along the edges. Small brushes are collected from fruits of blue-black tones with an ashy coating. Reproduction is performed only vegetatively;
• five-leaf. The five-fingered, oval-shaped leaves retain their green color in spring and further in summer, and change it to crimson red in autumn. The height of the plant can reach 10 m.

Growing grapes on the balcony is not to a small extent dependent on the conditions of its cultivation. For example, conditions on an open balcony are quite frost-resistant, which are not particularly susceptible to fungal pathogens. As for the glazed version of the balcony, frost resistance in this case is not so important, and plant tolerance to various fungal diseases comes to the fore. high humidity, which accompanies greenhouse conditions, creates favorable conditions for the intensive development of fungal microorganisms.

Wild grapes on the balcony have a beneficial effect on the microclimate in the room, as it has phytoncidal properties, suppresses noise, and protects against dust.

For those who only decorative effect is not enough, it makes sense to think about varieties such as canteens.

The grape variety on the balcony must be zoned for a specific climate zone. For example, for the climate of Moscow great variety like Charlie or others similar.

Reproduction methods

Girlish grapes are propagated in three ways:

• seeds. They are harvested from berries after ripening, peeled from the pulp. After planting seeds in suitable soil waiting for the appearance of the first installments somewhere in 9-10 months, around the end of June. The soil is regularly moistened, weeds are periodically weeded out. This option is rarely used, since growing grapes on a balcony from seeds is quite difficult and takes a lot of time.

• layering. This method is faster and more convenient, but it requires space. The stem should be about two meters high. It is dug in in waves: a part of the stem with a bud is buried, a piece to the next one is left above the ground, then the next part is buried already with a bud and beyond. After a certain period of time, new shoots appear from the kidneys. With the onset of warm days, the rooted parts are cut off and planted. They continue to grow in small containers until the time is right for them to land on the main site.

• cuttings. This is the most convenient option for apartment balconies. With this method, planting material is pre-prepared. In the process of planned pruning, blanks are cut from adult stems in such a way that each of them has two or three buds. Leaves are removed from the blanks, then they are placed in water. The cuttings should be covered with water for about 2/3 of the length. The roots will begin to appear soon enough - in a month, at the latest - one and a half. The cuttings, already with roots, are transplanted into a container for seedlings, where young plants will grow and get stronger. It remains after that to land them in a permanent container.

How to grow wild grapes on a balcony

Growing grapes on a balcony has the only drawback, which can also be considered an advantage - the active process of abundant growth of branches. This is often due to lack of proper care or improper pruning.

Overgrown foliage provides good protection against summer heat and also reduce indoor dampness. Planting girlish grapes in a pot is a simple process.

Landing

Landing is carried out in the spring. At the same time, pots with seedlings can be placed directly on the floor on the balcony. Landing is best done in a semi-sunny place: neither the scorching sun, under which the plant will dry out, nor the shadow where it will wither, will do.

Girlish grapes are grown in wooden containers up to 300 liters. The tub inside must be tarred or impregnated with bitumen. This is a mandatory procedure, as it helps protect the wood from getting wet. Drainage holes should be provided at the bottom of the container through which excess moisture is removed.

For reference!

A ceramic pot of the right size would be even better.

Priming

The drainage function is performed by a layer of crushed stone or pebbles about 5 cm high. The soil mixture can be prepared independently. In addition to humus and undepleted soil, it also includes coarse-grained sand. The proportion of components depends on the variety. Nevertheless, the ratio of 5 to 3 and to 2, respectively, can be considered more general.

It is recommended to feed the resulting mixture with nitroammophos or similar complex fertilizer. 100 g of mineral fertilizer is poured into a container with soil and moistened abundantly. Disembarkation can begin in two or three days. The planting depth should be about 30 cm.

It is possible to grow a wild grape seedling yourself from a cutting, but it is still recommended to buy it in a special nursery.

For reference!

When buying, attention should be focused on the grafting and roots of the seedling. It should be planted in a container, not wrapped in plastic.

Care

Growing wild grapes is not difficult, and besides, it is quite picky. To save it beautiful view not much is needed: the soil must be kept moist, periodically fed and trimmed.

Grapes are watered weekly. To keep soil moisture longer, it is sprinkled with a loose layer of tree bark or needles. It is very important that mold does not form in this case, since such a layer does not prevent the surface from being ventilated.

In spring or early June, the soil is fed with an agricultural chemical - nitroammophos (taking about 40 to 50 g). Feeding is necessary for the growth of the plant. With the beginning of active vegetation, plant reinforcement is stopped.

For reference!

Annually in early spring the soil from the tub is partially replaced with fresh. Where the roots do not interfere with this, the soil is carefully loosened, removed, then replaced with a new one.

The soil is periodically loosened to allow the rhizomes of the plant to breathe. Do this carefully so as not to damage the root system itself. Mandatory procedure is weeding.

The first years after planting, while the shoot is still low, it weaves alone, forming small thin branches. Supports are placed nearby. It is for them that the processes with antennae will cling. In the process of growth, additional rope supports are periodically pulled, directing the growth of the stems. Thus, the plants will continue to trail further in the intended direction.

To maintain a neat appearance, as well as to form a crown of grapes, it will be necessary to periodically cut off sluggish and dried branches (leaves).

Pests

Wild grapes are highly resistant to pathogens and pests. Nevertheless, if aphids are still found on the foliage, the leaves are washed with an alcohol solution or laundry soap.

When wild grapes grow, its dense foliage will protect the balcony from precipitation and give coolness in the heat.

Girlish grapes (or, as it is also called, "wild") - simple and cheap way decorate your home. It is unpretentious, grows quickly and wraps around the wall, covering it with bright leaves. How to plant and grow girlish grapes on the balcony?

Girlish grapes on the balcony

Planting girlish grapes on the balcony

In order for the plant to take root, you need to approach the planting process with all responsibility. Let's break it down step by step:

First of all, you need to choose the right seedling. If the plant has weak roots or roots wrapped in cellophane, it is better to refuse to buy it. It is worth paying a little more and buying a sprout in a pot - so the likelihood that it will take root is much higher;

It is necessary to plant sprouts in the ground in the spring. As for further transplants, they can be carried out at any time of the year. Choose humus soil for planting;

Pick up a large pot and fill it with earth. Make a hole in it 50 cm deep and wide. Put drainage on the bottom;

Plant a sprout in the ground, cover it with earth, water it.

If you are planning to plant multiple seedlings, keep in mind that they do not like close quarters. The distance between them should be 3 meters.

Growing girlish grapes on the balcony

After the sprout takes root, you need to properly care for it. However, this plant is not whimsical at all, so you can handle the care without problems.

This grape variety needs to be watered quite often. It is important that the ground always remains slightly moist. Also, twice a year (in spring and early summer), the plant needs to be fed. Nitroammofosk is well suited for this.

Give the plant a chance to curl. Install pegs and tie it if necessary. In addition, sometimes loosen the earth to saturate it with oxygen. Do this very carefully, otherwise you may damage the root system.