How to properly lay a technoplex under the foundation. Insulation of the foundation with foam. Why penoplex is seen as the optimal material for basement insulation

Protecting the foundation from freezing is one of the important steps in the thermal insulation of the house. Regardless of whether the building is brick, concrete, wooden or frame type, the foundation is a connecting link and a conductor of cold, therefore, it needs proper insulation.

It is difficult to say unequivocally which insulation is better for the foundation, each has its pros and cons, and it all depends on the specific conditions and requirements.

In the framework of this article, we will consider the insulation of the foundation with penoplex with our own hands. Penoplex insulation (extruded polystyrene foam) is a modern, reliable and easy-to-install material. Represents heat-insulating plates from the made foam polystyrene. As well as foam plastic, foam plastic belongs to the class of styrene materials. Therefore, it has all its advantages of foam, but at the same time, it is devoid of its shortcomings.

Penoplex - technical specifications

Physical and mechanical properties presented in the table.

The competitiveness of penoplex in comparison with analogues (brick, concrete, wood, mineral wool, foam plastic) is clearly demonstrated by the figure.

Comparison of penoplex with other heaters in terms of thermal conductivity (thickness with the same resistance to heat transfer)

It becomes obvious why the insulation of the foundation with foam plastic is the most popular among other heat-insulating materials. Add here another argument such as the availability of the material and ease of installation, and it will immediately become clear that if you rank the heaters, then foam should be put in the first place. It can be used for outdoor and internal insulation and no special tools are required for installation.

Foam insulation technology for the foundation - instructions

Material:

foam boards. To insulate the foundation, a thickness of 300 mm is sufficient;

dowel umbrella (fungus);

glue for penoplex (adhesive mixture or glue-foam in a bottle). The use of foam will save money and time, even though in absolute terms foam glue is more expensive. But she has much less consumption. The adhesive mixture will be needed in any case, it needs to close the grid;

mounting foam for sealing seams between sheets. In principle, foam panels are distinguished by the “groove-comb” system, so installation is carried out without through joints. But, in those places where you have to adjust the sheets to size, seams appear. To eliminate the possibility of cold bridges, the seams must be sealed;

deep penetration primer or bituminous mastic;

metal or polymer reinforcing mesh;

corner with a grid for facing the corners of the building. This material is used only if the plinth will also be lined.

Tool:

construction knife for cutting foam insulation and mesh;
mixer and container for preparing the adhesive mixture;
spatula for applying the mixture;
level;
brush for applying a waterproofing layer;
perforator or drill.

Insulation of the foundation with foam plastic from the outside

Provide access to the foundation. To do this, you need to dig a trench with a depth equal to the depth of pouring the foundation. Many advise digging to the depth of soil freezing. This is only advisable if your foundation is below this level. That is, if the foundation ends below the level of soil freezing, then it is enough to reach this point.
The width of the foundation should be sufficient for the convenience of work.

Excavated soil should also not create obstacles for work or movement on the site. It is better to immediately identify most of it. Take to the garden or outside the site.

Device drainage system foundation. At a high level ground water or improperly organized drainage from the roof of the building, water collects at the bottom and seeps to the foundation. As a result, he suffers significant damage. To avoid this, you need to build drainage for the foundation. Its device will not take much time, especially since the trench for insulation has already been dug.

How to make foundation drainage:

dig a trench;

the bottom of the trench should have a slope of 5-6 °;

the bottom is covered with gravel. Layer thickness 70-100 mm;

geotextile is laid on the gravel, in which the drainage pipe is wrapped;

from above, the structure is covered with gravel.

Now you can continue to work on self-insulation of the foundation with foam plastic.

Dry the base well. With a dry surface, it is easier to remove all unnecessary.

Fix foundation defects. Over time, the foundation could deform. The presence of cracks is highly undesirable. Therefore, cracks need to be widened and treated with a primer. When the primer dries, close the gap sandy cement mortar. It is worth noting that it is better to level all deep recesses or depressions. Otherwise, an air gap will appear at the junction of the sheet to the surface. By itself, it poses no threat. But if water gets into it, then the surface of the foundation will gradually collapse.

Treat the foundation with bituminous mastic. Thus, reliable waterproofing is created, because the foundation is the part of the house that is most in contact with moisture.

Recapture the level of the foundation. You will be guided along this upper edge when installing the insulation.

Fastening foam to the foundation. After the waterproofing layer dries properly, you can proceed with the installation of foam. The sheet is attached to the solution using the "blot" method or a notched trowel over all surfaces. Many people use glue-foam. Then it is installed in place and pressed tightly for better adhesion to the surface. The tongue-and-groove system simplifies installation.

Attach penoplex with dowels-umbrellas. This stage is carried out only if it is supposed to insulate the foundation and the basement of the house at the same time.

Installation of mesh for insulation(protection of the foundation insulation from rodents). A finely woven reinforcing polymer or metal mesh is used. Metal is more difficult to fix, but this is the only way to protect the house from rodents. Polymer is easier to work with. To attach it, you need to apply a strip of glue on the top of the sheet and attach the grid. Next, use a spatula to pull the adhesive mixture down. Aligning, it will hide the grid.

Finishing the insulated surface with glue or plaster. It is better to apply glue in two thin layers than in one thick one. Firstly, the layers will dry out faster. Secondly, the penoplex will be protected from mechanical damage when backfilling the soil.

Fill the trench with excavated soil. But it is better to use expanded clay. It will serve as an additional thermal insulator.

Insulation of the foundation with foam from the inside

The process is also not difficult. In this case, the set of material and tools is the same, and the sequence of work is as follows:

clean the surface of the wall;

eliminate defects. Deep cracks can be expanded and sealed with cement, while small ones can be blown out with foam;

in the presence of fungi and mold, you need to eliminate them;

prime the entire surface of the foundation;

stick foam boards. For internal works both the adhesive composition and the adhesive foam are suitable (even if it is planned to turn the basement into a living room);

fix the plates with "umbrellas" after the adhesive has dried. At this stage, the use of umbrellas is mandatory;

fix the mesh with an adhesive solution;

plaster;

in the event that a living room is being prepared, perform a fine finish: mount drywall or putty and paint or wallpaper.

The long service life of thermal insulation using penoplex involves the installation of high-quality ventilation in the basement.

Outcome

As you can see, the implementation of work on the insulation of the foundation with penoplex is not particularly difficult. Thanks to step by step instructions you can independently insulate the foundation of the house.

Deciding to build country house, at the design stage it is worth considering a large number of questions. One of them is the insulation of the house and the choice of insulation.

In winter, with poor thermal insulation, you will have to pay for excessive heating of the house. How to insulate and how to do it, we will figure it out further, and we will try to protect you from mistakes.

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Important points of thermal insulation

First of all, when building a house, it is necessary to decide whether the house will have a basement or not. In the case of a house with a basement that will be used as a living space, it becomes necessary to insulate it to prevent heat from escaping through its walls.

In this case, the total heat loss can reach up to 15% of the heat loss of the entire building. To reduce the cost of insulation work and to avoid errors associated with the installation of insulation, it is necessary to solve many factors at the design stage.

It is worth paying attention to:

functional purpose of the basement;
initial Construction Materials used for building walls;
climatic zone of residence.

Warming methods

To date, there are many options for warming the basement. First of all, the foundation should be divided into 2 parts, one of which (underground) is in constant contact with a humid environment (rain, melt water, dampness).

So that moisture does not damage the insulation and it, in turn, does not lose its heat specifications, it is necessary to use a moisture-resistant insulation, for example, penoplex.

The analog of penoplex also has high moisture resistance - ( comparative analysis heaters are given in).

When insulating the basement, two methods are used:

External insulation. With this type of insulation, it is preferable to use a material that has zero water absorption. Penoplex has similar properties. This work you can do it yourself, without resorting to the help of specialists. Additionally, you will need to good waterproofing foundation, for example, from roofing material, or treat the surface with bituminous mastic.

Note: great advantage insulation from the outside is to extend the life of materials by protecting it from atmospheric influences.

Internal insulation. The procedure for warming is similar to the steps in the first method. The only difference is that the plinth is clad on the outside. The advantage of internal arrangement is that:
- there is protection from groundwater;
- the microclimate improves.
However, there is a drawback: the appearance of condensate between the insulation and the wall.

Preparatory work

Having analyzed the advantages and disadvantages, consider the stages preparatory work with external insulation:

Keep in mind: a more reliable option would be to use a deep penetration waterproofing, such as penetron.

Installation work

Starting the installation of penoplex, we need the following tools:

plastic dowels;
sloping corner;
construction knife;
hammer;
jagged;
trowel (trowel);

It is important: materials and tools should be of high quality.

Work order

Basement insulation is an important and responsible stage of construction. Nevertheless, it is quite possible to cope with this work with your own hands, having previously studied the foam plastic installation technology.

It should be remembered that the thicker the insulation, the more effective the thermal insulation will be. However, it is worthwhile to calculate the heat engineering calculation of the walls in advance in order to find the optimal thickness of the insulation. This will reduce the cost of the material when it is purchased, thereby preventing overspending of the insulation.

See video about how to insulate the basement of the house with penoplex with your own hands:

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For a person who undertakes construction for the first time own house and who has not studied the “materiel” enough, the very fact that the foundation, it turns out, also needs thermal insulation, may seem strange. It would seem - why insulate reinforced concrete tape, if neither basement nor basement? If direct contact with living rooms no - are they located higher? Which is better to apply? Such a misunderstanding of the importance of the issue often leads to the fact that thermal insulation work on the foundation is not initially planned and not included in the estimate.

Meanwhile, such neglect of this stage of work entails a lot of negative consequences - a little lower we will talk about this. Moreover, the condition of the entire house as a whole directly depends on the strength of the foundation of the building and its durability. And a negligent owner, looking for savings in such matters, lays a "time bomb" under his possessions.

This publication will consider the insulation of the foundation with foam plastic technology, calculations, important nuances of implementation, up to step-by-step instructions. Read, get acquainted, immediately provide for one of the mandatory stages of construction. Well, if someone’s house already stands on an insulated strip foundation, it’s not too late to correct the situation.

Is it really necessary to insulate a reinforced concrete foundation?

So, for starters, it seems necessary to dispel doubts about the advisability of insulating a reinforced concrete foundation. And several reasons can be cited as justification.

It would be very naive to believe that the problem of thermal insulation of the ground floor premises is solved by insulating walls and floors. If the foundation in its recessed and basement parts remained "bare", then it, due to the huge heat capacity, turns into a powerful cold accumulator. And it will literally “pull on itself” the heat generated by the heating system. The consequences are clear: these include difficulties in ensuring comfortable conditions living, and unnecessary energy overruns. And with an insulated foundation, heating costs are very sensitively reduced.
If the foundation is not insulated, then the temperature of its upper buried part, above the freezing level, and even more so the basement, will always be strikingly different from that in the sole area (here it does not change much throughout the year). Such a temperature difference and the resulting difference in the linear expansion of the material create very significant internal stresses in the reinforced concrete foundation belt. And this, in turn, becomes a prerequisite for the appearance of cracks, accelerated aging of the structure, deformations and even gradual destruction. This means that it is necessary to take measures to eliminate such a “temperature gradient” - this will just help to make a layer of thermal insulation.

The eternal "enemy" is water, which penetrates into the pores of the material and leads to its erosion during freezing and thawing. Thermal insulation fights this too. First, most insulation materials, used in this area of the building, in themselves become a good waterproofing barrier. Secondly, the thermal insulation layer brings the dew point outward, namely to the insulation layer, and the foundation material no longer suffers so much from high humidity combined with temperature fluctuations. Of course, high-quality concrete, according to its characteristics, has a rather high frost resistance index (permissible number of freeze and thaw cycles). But this pledged reserve of its strength is still not worth spending thoughtlessly.
As a rule, the insulation of the foundation is carried out in conjunction with the creation of an insulated blind area around the perimeter of the house. This combination of vertical and horizontal thermal insulation will not allow the soil to freeze in the area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation tape. And this, in turn, means that the forces of frost heaving will not act on the foundation.

In the importance of waterproofing the buried part of the foundation, it is wrong, no one needs to be convinced. And the layer of insulation here plays another very prominent role. Firstly, it does not allow direct contact of wet soil with reinforced concrete tape. And secondly, it protects the waterproofing layer applied to the foundation from mechanical damage.

pay attention to important nuance. All the positive properties of the thermal insulation layer listed above will be possible only when it is located on the outside of the foundation tape. You should not leave it "for later", with the expectation of sticking the walls from the inside, "when the hands reach". Yes, perhaps this will somewhat improve the microclimate in the basement or basement. But in fact, the foundation still remains without any kind of protection. So - only on the outside!

Why is penoplex seen as the optimal material for insulating the foundation?

The variety of modern thermal insulation materials- pretty wide. But not all of them are suitable for the specific conditions of foundation insulation.

It is understandable - the insulation, in fact, is buried in the ground, that is, it will be subjected to a very serious mechanical effect. In addition, it is constant contact with the ground, which, especially in upper layers, saturated with soil moisture, often containing very aggressive chemical compounds.

That is, the material must have sufficient rigidity and strength, minimal hygroscopicity, a high degree of inertness to chemically aggressive substances, and at the same time not lose its thermal insulation qualities throughout the entire service life. There is such a material - it is extruded polystyrene foam (EPS). One of the most famous Russian manufacturers EPPS is the Penoplex company. And its name, having slightly changed, has become a household name in our time - penoplex is often called any high-quality extruded polystyrene foam.

Nevertheless, let's look at Penoplex branded products. For individual construction The company's product range offers four brands of insulation boards - "Comfort", "Foundation", "Wall" and " pitched roof". It is very convenient with the names - you can immediately see which parts of the building are mainly intended for insulation.

By the way, all of the listed brands have a sufficient degree of versatility. But still, Penoplex ® Foundation slabs are adapted to the maximum extent to the specific operating conditions mentioned above.

These plates are given increased rigidity and mechanical strength in compression and fracture. And that they do not pass special processing to increase resistance to fire or ultraviolet radiation - there is absolutely nothing to worry about. It is clear that hidden by a layer of soil, they are completely protected from both fire and sunlight. At the same time, their thermal insulation qualities are no worse than those of slabs intended for walls, roofs, ceilings, etc.

The main characteristics of "Penoplex ® Foundation" are shown in the table below:

Name	Test method	Unit	Numerical indicators
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, not less than	GOST EN 826-2011	MPa (kgf/cm²; t/m²)	0,27
Static bending strength	GOST EN 826-2011	MPa (kgf/cm²; t/m²)	0,4
Density	GOST 17177-94	kg/m³	27 ÷ 35
Water absorption in 24 hours, no more	GOST 17177-94	% by volume	0.4
Maximum water absorption during the first month of operation (it will not become higher later)	GOST 17177-94	% by volume	0,5
Vapor permeability coefficient		mg/(m×h×Pa)	0,005
fire resistance category	F3-123	group	G4
Thermal conductivity coefficient at (25±5) °С	GOST 7076-99	W/(m×°С)	0,032
Operating temperature range	THAT	°С	-70 … +75
Standard sizes	Width	mm	600 (useful - 585)
	Length	mm	1200 (usable - 1185)
	Thickness	mm	50; 100
Estimated service life		years	at least 50
Approximate cost of one plate 50 mm		rub.	200

As you can see, the material is very light and quite durable. Almost complete water resistance gives it the function of additional waterproofing. The chemical structure is highly stable (unlike, for example, a close "relative" of foam plastic - ordinary white foam), and is completely unaffected by biological decomposition and damage.

You may be interested in information on how to do it yourself

The convenience of working with penoplex (as it will be called in the course of the article further, meaning "Penoplex ® Foundation") lies in the presence of mating edges along the perimeter of the plates. L-shaped grooves (quarters) when laying the material overlap the lines of joints, thereby making the thermal insulation coating continuous, without through cold bridges.

If necessary, the material is easily cut - cut with a hacksaw or even a sharp construction knife.

According to what scheme is the strip foundation insulated?

Approximate scheme for performing thermal insulation of the foundation with foam plastic

In order to move on and analyze all the nuances of the foundation insulation technology, first you need to understand the general scheme by which it will be produced. The scheme, of course, is given in some simplification, but still reflects all the main elements of the structure being created.

1 - soil at the construction site.

2 - sand (sand-gravel, sand-gravel, depending on the characteristics of the soil) cushion under the base of the foundation.

3 - shows a pipe of an annular drainage system, which is often provided along the perimeter of the foundation if it is being built on waterlogged or seasonally waterlogged soil.

4 - reinforced concrete reinforced tape foundation. (By the way, the foundation can also be prefabricated, made of reinforced concrete blocks, rubble stones, etc.)

5 - mandatory outer layer reliable waterproofing vertical walls of the foundation tape.

Not so long ago, when energy resources were mere pennies, the issue of high-quality thermal insulation of a residential building was simply irrelevant, since any design inaccuracies were more than covered powerful heating. Then it was not applied in principle.

Now, due to the rapid rise in the price of heating gas, the issue of thermal insulation and energy saving is becoming increasingly important.

One of the most effective methods to achieve the above goal is the insulation of the foundation, which, in addition to reducing the heat loss of housing, will significantly extend the life of the foundation itself, as it will provide it with the necessary protection from the external environment.

As an insulating material, the use of slab foam is most justified - this is a heater, the technical characteristics of which are an order of magnitude superior to the thermal insulation properties of any similar material.

Insulation of the foundation with foam plastic, in comparison with foam plastic, looks like a real archaism, both in terms of efficiency and in terms of the effective operation of such a heater. By the way, we recommend.

1 Penoplex - general information

Penoplex, the common name of which is extruded polystyrene foam, is a type of classic polystyrene foam, which is produced by foaming it under the influence of high temperatures.

The technology for the production of extruded polystyrene foam involves the use of special foaming additives, which are used as a mixture of freon and carbon dioxide, which makes it possible to obtain a uniform density and high technical characteristics of the foam.

The manufacturing technology of foam plastic belongs to one of the leading domestic companies in the production of insulating materials for walls and roofs of buildings, pipelines and roadways.

The best option for warming the foundation are Penoplex Foundation slabs. Such plates have dimensions of 60 * 120 cm, and the thickness, depending on the model, can be from 20 to 100 mm.

2 Advantages and disadvantages

In comparison with other options for insulating materials, penoplex has the following advantages:

Compression resistance

This characteristic is extremely important when facing foundations, which, under the influence of soil masses, experience huge external loads. The foam compressive strength index is 27 t/m2.

Thermal insulation properties

Penoplex has the highest coefficient of thermal insulation among all insulating materials, which allows the use of plates with a thickness of 2 to 15 centimeters. The most popular version of this insulation is Penoplex 100, which is ideal in most situations, has a thickness of 10 centimeters.

Waterproofing

Independent studies have shown that in 30 days, during which the insulation was completely immersed in water, the foam 10 centimeters thick was filled with liquid only by 0.6 percent. Such technical characteristics indicate that the lining of the foundation with foam plastic will help not only reduce the heat loss of the building, but also protect the foundation from the negative impact of groundwater, which has an extremely negative effect on the condition of the foundation.

Temperature regime

This material can withstand temperature drops from -50 to + 75 degrees without any problems, at the same time, about any loss operational properties there is no talk.

Dimensions and weight are smaller than

Since penoplex is produced in the form of compact plates, which, moreover, have a minimum weight (the mass of the Penoplex Foundation 100 mm thick plate is only 2.5 kg), its transportation does not cause any difficulties, and installation can be done by one person, without involving additional forces and special equipment.

Printed foam packagingResistant to external influences;

Penoplex is not subject to decay, mold does not form on it, it does not decompose even after 50 years of operation. In addition, penoplex is not afraid of exposure chemical substances, which can be saturated with groundwater in ecologically unfavorable areas.

The only drawback of the general disadvantage of extruded polystyrene foam, which also applies to foam under the foundation, is flammability. However, due to the fact that this insulation will be located in the ground, this minus loses any importance.

3 Where to insulate: outside or inside?

This is perhaps one of the most frequently asked questions regarding the insulation of the foundation with foam plastic. It is worth clarifying right away that it is the side of the cladding that most affects what function the insulation will perform, and how effectively it will do it.

Those who want to perform insulation of the foundation with foam plastic inside ground floor, or the basement, they must understand that in this case it will only perform the usual thermal insulation of the room, but not the foundation in any way - the base itself will not receive any insulation, as well as protection from external influences.

The correct use of penoplex under the foundation is its installation outside the base. In this case, the insulation will fully reveal its full potential: direct insulation of the foundation will be provided, in addition, the foundation will receive protection from external influences.

Of course, the insulation of the foundation with foam plastic from the outside is a much more laborious process, which, ideally, should be carried out even at the stage of construction of a residential building, however, having done all the work with your own hands in accordance with right technology, you will get a decent return.
The benefits that you get by insulating the foundation from the outside:

Protection of the foundation from freezing during the cold season;
Concrete is not subject to destruction under the influence of groundwater;
The consequences of seasonal temperature fluctuations are reduced to zero, as a result of which the life of the foundation is significantly increased;
Foam cladding outside also increases the average air temperature inside the basement;

4 Material calculation

It is required to make simple calculations in order to determine what thickness of the penoplex is needed in a particular situation.

Calculations are performed according to the following formula: T = (s1/y1) + (s2/y2).

The designations are as follows:

T - heat transfer resistance (varies depending on the region, for example, in Moscow it is 3.2 m² / W);
s1 is the base thickness;
y1 – coefficient. thermal conductivity of the base material;
s2 is the thickness of the insulation;
y2 – coefficient. thermal conductivity of the heater.

For example, let's perform a calculation for a reinforced concrete foundation (y1 = 1.69) with a thickness of 0.4 meters.

3.2 = 0.4/1.69 + H2/0.032;

3.2 = 0.24 + S2/0.032;

2.96= S2/$0.032;

S2 = 0.0947 m, or 95 mm.

The calculation showed that in order to perform work on insulation strip foundation 0.4 meters thick with our own hands, we need Penoplex Foundation insulation 100 mm thick.

By the way, you need to round the thickness up, since the additional density and thermal insulation characteristics are never redundant. This formula is also applicable in the case when the foundation is insulated with ordinary foam.

Next, we calculate the amount of required foam 100 mm. This indicator is calculated based on the area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation. For example, we need to insulate a foundation with a height of 2 meters with our own hands, with a wall length of 8,10,8 and 10 meters.

The total length is 36 meters, we multiply by 2 meters of height, and we get an area equal to 72 m2. Based on the fact that one Penoplex 100 slab has an area of 0.72 m2, it determines the amount required material: 72 / 0.72 \u003d 100. In total, in total, we need 100 foam slab 100.

Also, for insulation using additional waterproofing materials, dowels with a wide cap, cement, and bituminous mastic.

5 Stages and features of the work

First of all, you need to dig the foundation. Outside, along the perimeter of the base, we make a trench one and a half meters wide to the entire depth of the foundation.
We clean the walls of the basement and foundation from the earth, damaged elements, and other mechanical impurities. If necessary, level them with cement mortar or plaster mixture, and let dry.
We make the main waterproofing: we apply a thin layer outside the foundation bituminous mastic, on top of which we glue sheets of roofing material, or technicol, with an overlap of at least 10 centimeters. We cover the joints with mastic.

We continue the process:

Installing foam panels. Installation must be done from the bottom up.
Fastening foam to the foundation is carried out using building glue. At the same time, it is important to ensure that the elements of the "thorn-groove" system, which are equipped with the ends of the insulation, are connected.
We close the connecting slots with liquid foam.
The technology of insulation of the foundation with foam plastic provides for the possibility of using dowels only on the basement of the foundation, where you need 5 dowels per 1 panel.
We plaster the mounted foam panels from the outside using a reinforcing mesh.
We fill the trench with earth. At the same time, at a depth of 30 cm from the soil surface, it is recommended to lay a layer of roofing material 1 meter thick around the perimeter of the foundation, which will contribute to additional protection of the foundation from surface water.

6 Features of the technology of insulation of the foundation with foam (video)

Building a country house is the dream of many of us. But in order to provide the necessary conditions for a favorable stay for the whole family in winter and summer, it is imperative to insulate the foundation of the house from the outside. Without thermal insulation, not only the level of heat loss increases, but also there is a danger of destruction of the underground structures of the structure.

In the suburban area

Due to the high-quality insulation of the foundation and the basement, heat is retained in the room, the penetration of groundwater is prevented, and protection from low temperatures is also provided. In order to prevent the impact of aggressive environment on the foundation of the house, protective measures are being taken, and the most important of them is external thermal insulation.

Insulation requirements.

To obtain a high-quality result, it is not enough only the professional implementation of all activities.

Important factors are also right choice Supplies and their high quality.

Choose a heater that is optimally suited for a specific purpose both in terms of quality and financial side, pretty hard. After all, today you can find many options for heaters of various price categories and from different manufacturers.

Do-it-yourself installation of extruded polystyrene foam on the plinth

Therefore, when choosing, you should pay special attention to the following qualities of the material:

Low hygroscopicity. This parameter is very important, as it determines the degree of moisture absorption. At a high value, the material will absorb moisture and, as a result, will collapse, which will lead to the destruction of the base itself.
High strength. The heat insulator must withstand heavy loads of underground compressive effects. For example, the impact of the soil, which increases in volume when it freezes.
Low thermal conductivity. The heat insulator must have a reduced thermal conductivity to ensure good thermal insulation.
Long service life. A heat insulator should have approximately the same lifespan as a building, because its replacement is a rather laborious process.

Considering all these requirements, you can choose the most suitable material for warming the house outside with your own hands.

Coating waterproofing and foam

The choice of heat insulator

To insulate the foundation of a house from the outside, it is important to choose a material that, in terms of its properties, is most suitable for the building, taking into account all its features and climatic conditions of the area. Today, the most popular among many consumers are:

expanded polystyrene;
liquid polyurethane foam;
extruded polystyrene foam.

Styrofoam

It is an improved version of polystyrene and its derivatives and is a gas-filled material. Widely used in various construction and industrial sectors.

Penoplex installation

The main advantages are:

Low degree of thermal conductivity. Allows you to keep the heat in the room. For example, a material 11 cm thick gives the same results as a two-meter brick wall.
Waterproof. Moisture absorption is about 6%, which allows the material to be used in high humidity conditions without fear of deformation.
Long service life. Withstands up to 60 cycles of operation in temperature conditions from -40 to +40 С.
Insensitivity to biological influences. The material is not exposed to microorganisms, mold and fungi.
Environmental friendliness. Substances that are harmless to human health and the environment are used in the production, so expanded polystyrene is also used in the food industry.
A light weight. Thanks to him, the insulation of facades becomes easy and does not take much time.
Heat resistance. When ignited, fire-resistant grades of polystyrene foam are prone to self-extinguishing.
Noise isolation properties. This is especially important for owners of houses and apartments in noisy areas. The use of polystyrene foam sheets 3 cm thick for insulation can reduce noise by 25 dB.
Vapor resistance. The indicator depends on the density and structure of the expanded polystyrene grade. Varieties with low vapor permeability are similar in this indicator to some types of wood: pine, oak.
Chemical resistance. The substance is not exposed to the aggressive action of ethers and alcohols, however, it is destroyed under the influence of solvents.
Resistance to mechanical influences. The mechanical strength during stretching is about 20 MPa.
Relatively low price, which increases the availability of the material for many consumers.

Wiring diagram

So, polystyrene is perfect option for use in various purposes, especially for the thermal insulation of the foundation.

Liquid polyurethane foam

Liquid polyurethane foam is a polymeric insulation that is widely used to obtain a uniform insulating coating.

This is one of the few materials that are both a heat-insulating, vapor barrier and waterproofing layer. They allow you to significantly save money and labor costs during the performance of thermal insulation work.

cutaway

The advantages of liquid polyurethane foam are:

Low degree of thermal conductivity. This allows you to significantly reduce heat loss.
Long service life. The service life is more than 30 years.
The ability to create a favorable microclimate in the room due to optimal performance thermal conductivity and sound insulation.
Significant strength. Due to good indicators of density and strength, the material is able to withstand large mechanical loads without losing its operational properties.
Absolute sealing, which is very important when performing any kind of insulation work.

Liquid polyurethane foam

Thermal insulation of the foundation using a liquid polymer can be carried out both from the inside and outside. For external use, you may need additional protection from direct sunlight.

Protection is carried out by applying liquid rubber or facade paint, which prevents the loss of waterproofing properties and increases the service life.

Extruded polystyrene foam

It is a relatively young type of polymer heat insulator and is produced by foaming raw materials during the extrusion process. Due to a number of advantages, the material has won the trust of many consumers and is now widely used in various fields of construction.

Formwork for the blind area

The advantages of the material are:

low water permeability;
low thermal conductivity;
resistance to chemical action of inorganic solvents;
ability to withstand a wide range of temperature changes: from -50 to +75 C;
long service life;
a light weight.

Installation drawing

Extruded polystyrene foam is widely used for internal and external insulation of buildings, roofs, is integral part sandwich panels, etc. One of the most common varieties is penoplex.

Insulation of the foundation from the outside with foam plastic is relevant and popular due to its excellent performance. Such plates have increased strength and withstand huge loads, providing excellent waterproofing and groundwater drainage.

Do-it-yourself thermal insulation of the foundation with foam plastic allows you to solve several problems at once related to the construction of the foundation and basement equipment.

Foundation thermal insulation

Usage modern ways thermal insulation is of great importance, especially in areas with harsh climatic conditions. This prevents a significant part of heat loss and freezing of soils, which increase in volume, which leads to a rise in their level.

Insulation of the foundation with polystyrene foam

Insulation of the foundation of the house outside with polystyrene foam is great option to improve the thermal insulation qualities of the base of the house and prevent freezing.

Expanded polystyrene is an improved type of polystyrene. Its use is more profitable, and installation is easy.

The video tells in detail about the insulation of the base of a residential building with your own hands.

The process is carried out as follows:

Foundation preparation. This stage can be carried out both during the construction of the building, and after its completion. To do this, dig out the foundation, clean it of soil, debris, rust and grease.
Sheet selection. In this case, you need to pay attention to two factors: density and thickness. Basically, sheets with flame retardant additives and a density of 35 kg / m3 are used.
Waterproofing. This will prevent the impact of groundwater and its penetration through the insulator layer.
Fastening polystyrene sheets with contact adhesive. You can attach two layers, but so that the panels of the second layer cover the joints of the first.
Protection of the insulation with a reinforcing mesh to avoid strong mechanical stress and the penetration of rodents. A layer of cement mortar can be applied to the protective mesh.
Providing drainage. This step is considered mandatory when building a building on wet soils.
Basement insulation. The basement also needs to be insulated in the same way, followed by finishing. After the glue dries, the panels are additionally fastened with nails.
Soil warming. The event involves isolating the surrounding land with a blind area insulated with expanded polystyrene plates.

Insulation of the foundation and blind areas can significantly increase the temperature in the structure and protect the base from destruction.

Foundation insulation with liquid polyurethane foam

Considered pretty effective way, which reduces heat loss by 20-25%.

The main difference is the method of application using special installation for spraying.

To do this, two liquid components are mixed with each other, forming a thick foam. When applied, it expands and hardens, forming a protective seamless layer with excellent thermal and waterproofing properties. Optimum thickness application is considered 60 mm.

wooden structure

The polyurethane foam layer can be applied at a temperature not lower than +5 C. Surface preparation involves cleaning from contaminants, and surface quality is an unimportant factor.

When solidified, the foam changes color. When performing work, various problems can arise related to equipment and neglect of weather conditions.

For example, when applied under conditions sub-zero temperature cracks may occur, which must be repaired in the future, otherwise water may accumulate in them and freeze. After polymerization, the polyurethane foam layer has low plasticity.

Foundation insulation with EPPS

As a rule, not all heaters are suitable for thermal insulation of the base. To choose the right material for this purpose, you need to take into account its service life: it must be as durable as the building itself.

Insulation with extruded polystyrene foam (EPS) is considered a more reliable method than, say, foam, since given material more durable and has excellent performance characteristics.

Blind area with trays

For this purpose, you need to purchase heat insulator plates and suitable glue for fixing it. After that, a number of preparatory activities should be carried out:

Dig a trench around the foundation, digging in the ground.
Apply XPS to the depth of freezing of the earth.
Clean the foundation from debris and dirt.
Apply a special primer in two layers, wait for it to dry and soak into the concrete.
Provide waterproofing with bituminous mastic.
Apply glue to the boards.

Fastening of plates to the outer section of the foundation is allowed 1 minute after applying the adhesive. If the panels have a large area, you need to apply the adhesive in several strips using a comb trowel. If the plates have locks, then a few days later the seams are sealed mounting foam, and the plates themselves are additionally fastened with dowel nails.

two story mansion

How to insulate the foundation of a wooden house

many owners wooden houses believe that to ensure favorable conditions for living, it is enough to insulate the walls and floor. However, this is not the case, because serious heat losses can occur through a wooden floor - up to 20%. Therefore, thermal insulation of the foundation is mandatory, especially if the house is located in an area with severe weather conditions.

Foundation insulation wooden house outside will allow not only to create favorable conditions indoors, but also to prevent adverse effects on it. For this purpose, expanded polystyrene and its varieties, as well as expanded clay are usually used.

stone finish

Insulation of the foundation PPS or EPPS

Expanded polystyrene has excellent consumer properties, such as a low degree of thermal conductivity and moisture absorption, resistance to the negative effects of weather conditions, affordable cost, ease of installation, etc.

These and other characteristics have made this material one of the most relevant and in high demand among many consumers.

For thermal insulation of only the ground part of the foundation or plinth, a fairly simple installation is required. PPS sheets are simply attached to the surface with glue or special fasteners.

After that, cladding or plastering is performed. At the same time, you should be aware that the installation of insulation does not mean complete waterproofing, so it should be carried out separately to avoid groundwater penetration under the floor.

At the cottage

If there is a basement, it is necessary to insulate not only the ground part of the base, but also that part of it that is underground.

In this case, it is necessary to carry out a complete waterproofing of the walls. For this purpose, a trench is dug around the wooden house, then the foundation is cleared of soil and debris. Further, PPS panels are attached to the surface, after which all this is filled up and rammed.

The insulated base can additionally be finished with brick or other types of cladding that can withstand the adverse effects of weather conditions.

Warming of the foundation with expanded clay

Often wooden house insulated from the outside with expanded clay. However, it has a high moisture content.

To avoid the negative effects of this phenomenon, a trench is dug around the house and a formwork with waterproofing is installed, after which the expanded clay itself is filled up.