suitable plant to decorate a balcony or garden plot- This is a viola, planting seeds for seedlings of which begins in February. Bushes grown through seedlings bloom by the beginning of summer. Strong and healthy sprouts are obtained when all the features are taken into account during cultivation: from determining the planting date to transplanting into open ground.

Before planting, it is important to understand whether it is worth growing seedlings or whether it is better to prefer sowing in the ground.

A popular variety - Wittrock's Viola - is considered a biennial, blooming in the second year of development. With early planting (and this is possible when growing seedlings), flowers are formed in the same summer.

Viola ampelnaya is also grown first in the house or greenhouse.

Viola horned perennial has frost resistance, but hybrids cannot boast of such a feature. Therefore, seedlings are first grown so that the bushes bloom in the summer.

Preparatory activities include determining the timing of planting, soil preparation and seed processing.

While creating optimal conditions the plant blooms in 2-3 months from the moment of germination, subject to additional illumination. In order for flowering to begin as early as May, sowing seeds for seedlings is done at the end of winter and early March.

Having determined when to plant a flower, they begin to prepare the container. Any container will do: cassettes, boxes, food packaging. Suitable for sowing peat tablets, which combine a container for sowing and soil.

The day before sowing, the seeds are soaked in warm water. To increase germination and accelerate germination, they are treated with growth stimulants, such as Epin or Zircon. This will increase the resistance of future shoots to stressful situations (drought, frost, diseases) and obtain high-quality plants with strong roots.

Soil preparation

It must be remembered by those who grow Viola through seedlings: flowers love fertile, permeable soil, which does not harden after watering. With this in mind, prepare the soil:

mix 2 parts of fertile soil and peat with three parts of humus;
combine manure, turf and peat in equal proportions, and add 2 times less sand;
mix the soil, dry bird droppings(manure) and crushed coal in a ratio of 5:1:1, unground pieces of coal will serve as drainage;
pure peat is also suitable for growing seedlings.

The soil is disinfected by calcination or steaming, treatment with Fundazol. Before sowing, shed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or Fitosporin.

Seeding rules

Planting seeds for seedlings is carried out different ways: with incorporation into the soil, without it and with a small incorporation:

the first is based on the classical notion of germination in the dark;
the popularity of the second is due to the rapid germination of seeds (they do not spend energy on overcoming the earth layer, therefore they immediately grow);
the third is suitable for those who are disillusioned with the traditional, but do not dare to a radical method.

Classic way

Traditionally, viola is planted with seeds according to the following scheme:

After 1 cm from each other, furrows up to 0.5 cm deep are made in the ground.
Watered (this stage can be done after embedding).
Seeds are laid out in them with an interval of 1-2 cm.
Fill the grooves with soil.
A film is stretched over the container (glass can be put), creating greenhouse conditions.
Cleaned in heat (air temperature 18 ° C).

Light is not needed until sprouts appear. Therefore, you can put a mini-greenhouse both on the windowsill and in the closet.

popular way

How to plant a viola for seedlings without seeding:

Moisten the prepared soil (without grooving!).
Spread the seeds on the surface (distance - 1-2 cm, so that the emerging sprouts can grow freely).
Top with cellophane.
Remove to a warm dark place.

With this method, the viola germinates in the dark, so it is important to ensure low light levels. To do this, cover the container with a sheet of cardboard or thick paper.

Alternative way

How to grow viola from seeds at home by combining the first and second methods:

Spread the seeds on the surface of the prepared soil.
Sprinkle with a small layer of soil or sand (no more than 2 mm).
pour over warm water.
Stretch the film (or put glass on top).
Remove to heat.

With this method of growing from violet seeds, light is not needed before germination.

Primary care after sowing

The main care before the appearance of sprouts is to air the "greenhouse" twice a day, removing the cellophane for 10 minutes. This is done to ventilate the ground and prevent the development of mold. As the soil dries, spray the surface with water using a spray gun.

Sprouts will hatch in 5-10 days after sowing (depending on varietal characteristics). But they can come up later. This happens because:

the expiration date of the seed material has expired;
they are buried to a great depth;
for embedding, dense, heavy soil was used, through which it is difficult for sprouts to break through.

After the appearance of sprouts, the containers are removed to a lighted place with a temperature of 18-22 ° C, where further development takes place.

Do not immediately remove the film coating. Sprouts need to be allowed to get used to external conditions, eventually increasing the ventilation period. The film coating is finally removed after a week.

Further care involves watering, supplementary lighting, feeding, hardening and picking.

You need to moisten moderately, as the soil dries: the viola loves moisture, but the excess provokes decay processes. Water the plants under the root, avoiding contact with the leaves.

Hardening is carried out in the fresh spring air: even viola seedlings can withstand temperatures of 5-10 ° C. With this approach, the bushes will form healthy and strong.

Violet needs at least 14 hours of daylight. With a lack of sunlight, the seedlings stretch, turn pale. You can save the situation with additional lighting, using ordinary lamps or phytolamps for this purpose. Additional illumination is combined with treatment with the growth regulator Alar. Slows down the development and reduces the elongation of sprouts by lowering the temperature to 12-15°C.

Feeding and picking

Violets are fertilized for the first time after 3-4 weeks with a solution of mineral fertilizers. Further, the seedlings are fed with complex top dressing monthly.

The main indication for picking is the lack of space for the development of the bush. The sprouts are transplanted twice: when a pair of true leaves appear and 2-3 weeks after that according to the 5x5cm scheme.

Wittrock's violet tolerates transplanting safely even during the flowering period. If in the course of this the roots are damaged, then the flower briefly stops development, but does not weaken.

If by the time of the dive the stem turned out to be elongated, then when planting it is deepened to the cotyledons so that the sprouts hold on tighter. Additional roots are formed on the deepened part of the stem, the root system is strengthened.

After diving, the sprouts grow intensively. After a month, they can be transplanted to permanent place.

Transplanting violet sprouts to a permanent place

Before transplanting, prepare a place for flowers. The best option is in the shade fruit tree saving from the debilitating heat. Plants are transplanted when stable warm weather is established and night frosts pass.

Bushes are planted in holes 5 cm deep at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other. To prevent stagnant water and reduce the risk of blackleg development, drainage is poured into the bottom of the hole.

When transplanting into planting containers (boxes, planters), you need to make sure that at least 1 liter of soil falls on one plant.

Growing a viola from seeds is just the beginning. She still needs to be properly cared for. Because with the right approach to sowing, the viola will bloom early, and a caring attitude will allow you to stretch the flowering for the whole summer.

Viola Wittrock is a fairly old and well-known plant, this flower belongs to the violet family. Mostly this flower is cultivated as an annual or biennial plant, but if regularly divided, it can be perennial.

Today we will tell you what varieties of Wittrock viola exist, what are the features of growing and planting viola from seeds, as well as caring for this flower. In the material you will see photos of some varieties of viola.

Key features of Viola Wittrock

This flower includes a large number of varieties and variety groups. This type of viola is one of the most popular. It is obtained by crossing such types of varieties as:

Altai;
yellow;
tricolor, etc.

The flower is dense bush about 30 cm high. Its flowers are large and have a diameter of about 11 cm, they have irregular shape and may have different shades. Viola petals of the same tone can be found very rarely.

Wittrock's viola varieties are combined into such series as:

Rococo;
Bambini;
Swiss giants.

Varieties of viola, their description and photo

Below are descriptive characteristics of some varieties of viola:

Growing Viola Wittrock

When planting a viola, you need to know its main characteristics:

cold resistance;
tolerates shade well;
neutrally related to the length of daylight hours.

Mostly the flowers are good thrive in partial shade as well as full sun. It is worth remembering that in very hot weather in the sun the plant stretches, and the flowers appear too small. The optimal temperature for growing viola is about 15 degrees. When grown in partial shade, flowering will be longer, but not abundant.

Viola is planted in the following soils:

fertile;
loamy and sandy;
well drained.

Viola will not bloom on dry soil, and the flower needs heat good watering. It also needs to be protected from drafts. Viola is good for transplanting during flowering. It is not recommended to land in lowlands where there is meltwater stagnation. Also, the flower does not really like fresh organic fertilizers.

Despite all the above, the viola in terms of care is not too whimsical and gives a good self-seeding.

Viola of this species is able to reproduce in such ways as:

division of the bush;
seeds;
cuttings.

It is best to grow biennial plants through seedlings. We will talk about this below.

Planting flower seeds for seedlings

Planting seeds for seedlings makes it possible for the plant to bloom in the middle of summer. But if you sow seeds directly into open ground in June, then you will see flowers only at the beginning of the next season.

Growing viola from seeds can be started from February. To start, you need a seed for a day soak in biostimulant solution, For example:

"Epinom";
"Zircon";
"Heteroauxin".

Dilution of liquids must strictly comply with the instructions for a particular product.

mark the furrows;
sow ready seeds;
pour settled water;
sprinkle the seed with soil;
cover the containers with glass or transparent film;
put them in a room where the air temperature is about 15 degrees.

First shoots and picking

In about a couple of weeks first shoots appear. At the beginning of germination, the film or glass must be removed, and the containers themselves should be placed in a cool and lit place with an average temperature of about 10 degrees. Plant care at this time is as follows:

If the seedlings of viola seeds grow intensively enough, they need to dive again, but, as a rule, one transplant is enough.

When should the plant be transplanted outdoors?

Planting viola seedlings in open ground should be thought out depending on the climate of your region. As a rule, transplantation is carried out at the end of April or May. The most important thing is to plant a flower after the end of the period when there are night frosts. Weak flowers do not always tolerate such sudden changes in temperature.

Transplant to the ground is done like this:

place seedlings in holes at a distance of 15 cm from each other;
sprinkle the roots with earth;
compact the soil around the flower;
water well.

Perennial plant varieties tend to grow and lose their attractiveness over time. They can be propagated by cuttings.

Features of caring for viola in the open field

After you have transplanted the flower into open ground, you need observe enough simple rules caring for him:

Viola bloom will be simply magnificent if once a month you will fertilize it with ammonium nitrate or superphosphate at the rate of 30 grams per square meter soil.

Compliance with all the rules of planting and growing are the key to beautiful flowering in the future.

Seed collection

The viola seed left on the peduncles ripens in mid-August or early September. After the flowers fade, small boxes appear in which there are small seeds. Brown. It is important not to miss the moment when they begin to ripen, because the boxes can open and scatter the seeds. When the seed pods are turned up, the seeds are ready to be harvested. They should be cut, the seed removed and laid out to dry. Then they are taken to the basement or refrigerator for subsequent stratification.

If the boxes filled with seeds are not specially removed, then the seeds will sieve themselves, and over time you will see spontaneous shoots throughout the area. In such cases, seedlings should be planted in prepared areas without prior seedlings.

Viola care in winter

Despite the fact that the viola is resistant to cold, in too severe frosts it must be covered with foliage from trees or spruce branches. As a rule, this applies to regions where the average winter temperature drops below 30 degrees below zero.

Dangerous diseases and pests for a flower

The most common diseases to which violas are exposed are:

root rot;
gray rot;
powdery mildew;
rust;
spotting;
blackleg;
variegation;
ring necrotic spotting.

Plants affected by the disease must be removed immediately to deprive the plant of a source of infection. Then the soil needs to be dug up well.

As for pests, The danger in this case is:

caterpillar of the clover scoop;
violet pearlescent.

Both pests eat the leaves of plants very quickly. To eliminate them, insecticides are used, a solution of chlorvos, tobacco infusion or karbofos is sprayed.

Viola Wittrock in landscaping

Viola has so many varieties that it can be easily used to create flower beds of different styles. Early flowering allows these plants to be widely used for spring decoration gardens, parks, decoration of discounts, partners, borders or flower beds. Viols are often used in leading positions in mixborders, next to stones. in rockeries, on slides, in group plantings on the lawn.

Very often with their help they make out trunk circles next to trees, container compositions that are installed on windows, loggias and balconies.

We can conclude that Wittrock's viola is incredible beautiful flower, unpretentious in care and easy to plant, able to decorate any park or garden interior. And the long duration of flowering of this plant will certainly not leave indifferent any of the lovers of domestic green pets.

viola flower

Good afternoon, dear readers!

The constant inhabitant of all summer cottages, viola conquers with its variety of colors collected in one flower. And this makes her the favorite of many gardeners. Pansies, garden violet, Wittrock violet are the names of the same flower.

And, of course, every gardener wants to have this charm in his flower garden.

Having decided to grow a viola for the first time to decorate a garden plot, work should begin at the end of February. The sowing period can last until mid-March. This will make it possible to see blooming pansies in early summer.

This option is the most common and because the bright colors of flowers are simply necessary during this period to create a mood and attractiveness of the garden.

If the sowing time has been missed in early spring, then doing this work in May will give the gardener the pleasure of flowering in August, and it will last until the very cold.

Planting viola seeds - seedlings of pansies

First you need to prepare a soil mixture suitable for sowing. Required:

3 pieces of leaf ground
2 parts river sand
1 part of sod land

The soil must be moisture permeable (viola does not like waterlogging). To improve the structure of the soil, charcoal is the best, which can be added to the mixture.

Seedling containers can be small cups, or common boxes. The containers are filled with soil in advance, giving the soil the opportunity to settle. Manganese solution is used to disinfect the soil. A day later, the seeds are laid out on the surface, which were previously treated with growth stimulants. It can be "Epin", "Zircon", etc.

In separate cups you need to put 2-3 grains. In boxes, a distance of 1-2 cm is left between the seeds, and rows of 0.5 cm should be 2-3 cm apart.

Close up the seeds shallow. The minimum layer of soil that is moistened, strictly, from a spray gun, so that the seeds do not become exposed.

On a note! The greater the distance between the seeds, and later between the individual shoots, the later it will be possible to start diving the viola seedlings.

To protect crops from drying out, they are covered with glass, film. For the emergence of seedlings, a temperature of 15-20 ° C is sufficient. Do not forget about daily ventilation. Shoots will appear in 7-10 days. Shelter is removed and conditions are created for the normal development of seedlings. The best option would be t \u003d 10 ° C, a bright place and watering, without waterlogging.

From the boxes, the grown plants dive into a larger container. Deepening is carried out to the cotyledon leaves. The containers are shaded until the flowers are rooted.

Weaker sprouts should be removed from peat cups and tablets, leaving one. They also need to provide more food. It is most convenient to work with peat containers. Enough for the bottom of a 250 ml glass. pour a small layer of fertile soil, put a tablet with a sprout on it, cover it with earth and water it.

Landing site selection

Garden violet is not a capricious plant. Compliance is minimal comfortable conditions will allow you to create magnificent flower arrangements.

A favorite place for growth is sunny areas, but the sun is not desirable. If at noon, landing pansies will be covered by a scattered shadow from garden trees and bushes, then it will gratefully sway its colorful, purple and yellow flowers, not drooping from the heat.

Soil requirements are also low. Loose, quite nutritious, with good drainage properties, moderately moistened lands will good option for the arrangement of flower beds with violets.

The addition of charcoal, in crushed form, does a good job of draining. In addition, having the properties of absorbing water, it will absorb its excess, and, as needed, give water to the roots of the plant. Having created such a content, in the future it will be enough to weed the weeds, loosen the ground, and combine watering with occasional fertilizing with mineral fertilizers.

It should also be remembered that viola can grow in the shade. But in this case, the flowers will be smaller and their color will be paler than shown on the seed package.

Summer crops in June, determine the original purpose of the viola - growing in a biennial culture. In this case, flowering will occur in the spring following the year of sowing.

In the garden, with light fertile soil, shallow grooves are cut, and seeds are sown. You can use the "scatter" method.

In both cases, a very thin layer of soil is sprinkled on top. Moistening is not required if the soil was well moistened before sowing. The bed is shaded so that there is no rapid evaporation of moisture from the top layer of soil. After 10-14 days, violet sprouts will appear.

Care consists in gentle watering and gentle hilling, which ensures the stability of tiny plants. You can simply add fertile soil to the base of the stem

Fortified seedlings dive to another bed when there are at least five leaves on them, observing an interval of 5-7 cm. In August or September, a second transplant is carried out, using seedlings as a border for flower beds with perennials, or planting flowers in separate groups. Diluting plain dark varieties, bright and colorful flowers of violets.

The distance for mature seedlings should be at least 15 cm.

By the end of September, the viola will have compact bushes, with 5-6 leaves. Such plants will go green in winter, and in spring their flowering will be early and plentiful.

In the event that violet seeds were sown earlier than the specified period, or during a long autumn, flowering is possible in autumn period. But this shortcoming will lead to a worse wintering of the flower.

In the spring, the viola is in danger of getting wet, so the removal of melt water from the site is required. The probability of flooding should be excluded when choosing a place for planting in the autumn.

Flowering will come in mid-May. One flower retains its decorative effect for a week and fades. If you remove them in a timely manner, then the flowering period of the viola will be significantly extended.

Pansies - outdoor care

Fertilizing with complete mineral fertilizers (nitrophoska - 50g / m2), in combination with watering, will also help to extend the flowering period. Bright islands of violets will decorate the garden for a month, then there will be a sharp decline in flowering, and it will resume in the second half of summer.

in shaded corners suburban area pansies can bloom all season, with timely watering and top dressing. The removal of wilted flowers and seed pods must also be carried out in a timely manner so that the plant does not have to expend energy on the ripening of seeds.

The main work is weeding and loosening. Watering and fertilizing have already been discussed.

Except seed cultivation violets, it is acceptable for her to divide the bush at all stages of its development. Even flowering bush will not suffer significantly if disturbed by fission. This is the advantage of the plant when it is necessary to fill in empty areas in any corner of the garden.

layering

Mention should be made of the reproduction of pansies by layering.

To do this, the selected plants are shaded, creating conditions under which the flower, in pursuit of light, stretches the stems.
It is more convenient to bend it to the ground, pin it and spud it with fertile soil.
For the winter, it is desirable to cover with dry garden plant residues.
This work is carried out in the second decade of July. The flower should have enough time to root.
In the spring, young bushes are separated and planted in a flower bed or flower garden.

self-sowing

The propagation of garden violets by self-sowing is not bad. If for some reason the wilted flower has not been removed, then the seed pod will soon ripen. It will open, and small seeds will fall in bulk near the plant. Under the shade of the mother bush, they quickly germinate and become new planting material.

If the gardener does not need them for planting on the site, they should be removed from the flower garden. Thickened plantings are less decorative, they are more difficult to care for. In competition for nutrients, they lose the size of the flowers and their brightness.

How to grow pansies: video

When to plant viola for seedlings?

The plant is also responsive to complex mineral fertilizers. They like superphosphate and ammonium nitrate (20 g per 1 square meter). In order for the plant to bloom magnificently, it is enough to carry out two top dressings. One - before the release of buds, and the second - during the beginning of flowering. Top dressing is carried out at the root. Remember: viola does not like fresh manure! He is destructive for her.

How to grow viola seedlings

The basic provisions for growing a plant are given above, now let's get acquainted with how to grow ampelous viola from seeds in order to get flowing flower cascades. Planting seedlings can be started in late January - early February, also having prepared containers (some use peat tablets). Seeds are placed in the ground, then the containers are covered according to the greenhouse principle and sent to a bright place. The temperature for ampelous viola varieties should be maintained at 15-18 degrees at the entire stage of cultivation.

When starting to plant viola seeds for seedlings, it is necessary to prepare suitable containers and soil (

Fragrant viola (V. odorata). grassy perennial With small flowers(diameter about 2 cm). From the second half of summer, the viola grows a large number of easily rooted shoots that form a dense cover on the soil. The flowers are dark blue in color and have a pleasant, delicate fragrance. Viola fragrant can bloom for a whole month.

Growing from seed

The type of soil matters just as much. Viola, landing and care in open field which are discussed above, prefers well-moistened, drained and fertile soils.

The seeds are lightly sprinkled. First, the seeds are sown superficially (as in the second variant). Then lightly sprinkle (1-2 mm) earth or sand on top. Spill or spray plantings with warm water. The containers are covered with a film or glass, regularly ventilated. Put the seedling container in a warm place. Illumination does not matter.

Sowing seeds in open ground in autumn - flowering next year. In August-September, seeds are sown in the ground. Before snow, the plants have time to sprout and develop powerful roots. Viola, planting and caring for which is very simple, blooms the next year after sowing. Flowering lasts from April until frost.
Even an increase in temperature to 23 degrees causes the seedlings of the viola to linger for up to one month. As soon as sprouts appear above the soil, the temperature should be reduced to 12-15 degrees. The grown seedlings of the viola easily tolerate low temperatures, even at 5 degrees it feels good. At the same time, development slows down somewhat, but in conditions of lack of light, seedlings are less stretched.
The optimal substrate for growing viola is made from peat, the pH of which is 5.5-5.8. It is not necessary to apply fertilizers to such a soil, it is necessary to feed the viola seedlings in the phase of the formation of two true leaves.

Viola, better known as pansies, is hardy and absolutely unpretentious in care. Its bright color will decorate any flower garden, so flower growers are very willing to plant this flower. In sunny areas, the viola blooms profusely, in partial shade its flowers are somewhat smaller. However, buying ready-made seedlings every spring is quite expensive, so many grow viola seedlings on their own. It should be noted that the plant is a biennial and, when sown with seeds, will bloom only in the second year.

Don't forget to remove dry flowers. This will allow the plant to bloom longer and more abundantly.

Pansies of this variety look great in flower beds and borders. Growing terry viola flowers is not a difficult process, but rather painstaking. In order to obtain rapid flowering of Rococo varieties in the year of planting flowers, it is necessary to start the cultivation process in the first weeks of February. Seedlings are planted in moist and sufficiently compacted soil, then a greenhouse is formed using the same glass or polyethylene. The temperature required for seed germination should initially be maintained at about 10-12 degrees, and as the shoots grow, rise to 16 degrees. With the advent of the first 2-3 leaves, future flowers dive.

see video)
With its incredible beauty and variety of shapes and colors, the viola, planting and caring for which are discussed above, inspires the creativity of breeders, landscape designers, flower growers, and artists.

Cuttings can be carried out in different time. With early cuttings in the period from May to July, the tops of green shoots are taken, on which there are 2-3 nodes. Most cuttings root in 3-4 weeks. Plants from such cuttings begin to bloom in summer or early autumn. If cuttings were made later than July, then the viola begins to bloom in the spring of next year.

After the emergence of seedlings, it is not recommended to immediately remove the film from the container - you need to let the seedlings get stronger. It is best to gradually increase the ventilation time during the week.

Sowing seeds in early spring for seedlings - flowering in the year of planting. It is believed that with this method, the viola begins to bloom in the second year. In fact, flowering can begin as early as the first summer after planting. To do this, seeds should be sown in an earlier period - from late February to early March. It is advisable to use additional light. The resulting seedlings bloom in May-June. If you create suitable conditions for the viola (she does not like direct sun and heat), then she will bloom all summer, and will bloom again next spring. Seedlings grown in spring are then planted in open ground or on the balcony.

Where do landscape designers use these garden flowers? Viola is great for framing borders and borders, tamping bushes of small height. Undersized varieties look very organic in rock gardens and rockeries. Mixes of violas give the landscape a unique flavor, create bright accent. Today it is already difficult to imagine a garden without this beautiful plant.

For good seedlings important condition is to create drainage in the container. Viola seeds are sown for seedlings on top of a moistened substrate, sprinkling them with a thin layer of vermiculite. Cover the container before germination plastic wrap or a piece of glass. This will speed up the germination of the seeds. Periodically, the shelter must be removed for ventilation, which will avoid the formation of fungus in the soil. If you use cups for growing, you need to sow 3-4 seeds in each of them. After germination, the strongest and most well-developed sprout is left in the cup, removing the rest.

Having bought several bags of bright viola, pay attention to the fact that the sowing of this flower is carried out in the summer. Many inexperienced flower growers make the mistake of planting viola in the spring and expect to get a lush bloom in the summer. This is a biennial crop, so it is important to know when to plant the viola for seedlings.

Pansies planted in summer should be covered with straw, dry branches or spruce branches for the winter. This will protect the delicate roots of flowers from freezing.

The end of February - the beginning of March is the time of the sacrament of growing viola seedlings. Of course, the ideal place for planting seeds would be a greenhouse or greenhouse with a certain microclimate. But it will not be difficult to grow viola seedlings at home. You just need to follow some rules for caring for seedlings.

Video - growing viola from seeds

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Viola: planting and care. Pansies. garden flowers

This variety is considered the most "vibrant". It is quite possible to grow viola horned flowers yourself, if you strictly follow the rules for planting it while maintaining a certain temperature regime. You can start sowing in any season, based on the expected date of the desired flowering of the viola. It should be borne in mind that the period that will pass from the moment of planting to the very flowering can take from 10 to 13 weeks. The planted seeds of viola horn will begin to grow if you adhere to a temperature indicator of 6-8 degrees. For the full development of sprouts, the temperature will need to be increased to 16-18 degrees as they grow. The stage will be suitable for diving when 1-2 true leaves appear.

. Often used as containers peat cups, the bottom of which is preliminarily covered with drainage. Medium-sized pebbles, expanded clay, and even gruss are suitable. The soil, if possible, should be prepared with your own hands, using river sand, humus and peat. For lack of opportunity or any ingredient, you can purchase ready-made soil that is suitable for violets.

What is the name of the flower

In the people, the viola flower is called pansies. It's plentiful flowering plant strikes the imagination with a variety of colors: from snow-white to black with various shades of yellow, red, of blue color. Many amateur flower growers have already noted the special unpretentiousness of the viola, but you still need to know how to grow it correctly so that it allows you to admire yourself from early spring until autumn.

This method is more suitable for greenhouses, not gardens. It is usually used to propagate elite varieties.

Viola seedlings are quite resistant to temperatures of 5-10 ° C, therefore, before the appearance of real leaves of the container (already without a film), they can be taken out to the balcony for hardening.

A bit of history

Sowing seeds in summer. From late May to early June, seeds can be sown directly into the ground. Viola begins to bloom in August-September. Snow covers the plants already with flowers. Violas bloom again in early spring.

Viola is also a great container plant. It will perfectly decorate the terrace or balcony.

When container growing, viola seedlings dive twice:

Planting seeds

In June-July, a place is set aside in the flower garden for sowing seeds of pansies. Seeds are pre-treated with a growth accelerator. Seeds are buried 0.5 cm into the groove, sprinkling it with earth without lumps. The soil is carefully shed with water, trying not to erode the place of sowing. It is useful to mulch the seeding site with small sawdust, which will retain moisture in the soil.

A little patience, warmth of hands and love will give you the magnificent beauty of multi-colored pansies that will decorate borders and paths, rock gardens and balconies, flower beds and garden vases.

Pansy seeds are carefully laid out in loose, moist, well-draining soil. They are sprinkled on top with a small layer of earth and moistened again with a spray bottle. Boxes with seedlings are covered with glass or film and placed in a warm place. Moisture, loose earth, warmth - this is the basis for success in growing viola seedlings. Ten days later, friendly shoots appear. When the plant acquires two real leaves, it's time for a dive.

If you properly organize the care of violas, then it is possible to overcome any difficulties. In response, Pansies will be a real find for your garden, and will cheer you up, winking at you from the flower bed.
Experienced flower growers who have been breeding violets of this type for more than one year have revealed a secret that contributes to excellent plant growth: spread the seeds on a layer of fresh snow (about 2 mm) laid on top of compacted soil. In addition to excellent feeding, the use of this method will also become a distinction for uniform seed placement if the container is in the form of a tray.
Features of growing viola

seed germination

In order for the viola, the planting and care of which the schoolboy will master, to grow normally and bloom profusely, the soil must be constantly moist and loose. Therefore, regular watering and loosening the soil is so important. Removing wilted flowers promotes long flowering.

Seedlings need proper and regular watering. Upper layer The soil should never be dry, but seedlings do not need to be flooded either.
The period of seed germination depends on the variety. Usually sprouts appear on the fifth or tenth day. Reasons for slow germination:
Very often there is confusion with the name of this plant. Some call it violet, others call it viola, and still others call it pansies.

The first time the plants are planted when two true leaves have formed.

Sowing and growing seedlings

After 2 weeks, shoots will appear, they must be shaded from the sun with a dark film, which is removed after two weeks. By August, the seedlings will grow up and it will be possible to plant them in a permanent place. Plants with lush and long flowering are obtained from such planting material, which cannot be achieved from viola grown from seeds in seedlings.

Viola seedlings of which can be grown not only according to the classical two-year technology, when pansies are sown in the summer and left to winter in the open field, but also according to one-year technology. This method is expensive, but sometimes it is the only possible when growing large-flowered varieties violas, which, under conditions middle lane do not tolerate wintering in the open field.

Seedlings dive at a distance of 5 cm from each other. Seedling care is simple: the same warmth, humidity and loose soil. It is very important to keep the balance of these components and not to allow an excess of sunlight or watering. The active sun can burn tender leaves, so it is recommended to lightly shade the seedlings with foil or cardboard. It is also very important that the water does not stagnate: the fragile roots of the seedlings begin to rot, and a “black leg” is formed.
Wittrock violet - such scientific name viola wears. Summer residents and gardeners love her very much for their long flowering, varied coloring and unpretentiousness in care. In the people, the viola is lovingly called Pansies. Sometimes novice flower growers complain that the viola is capricious and does not always justify their hopes for lush flowering, or even does not want to bloom at all.
Having closed the tray with glass or polyethylene, as shown in the photo, it is removed to a warm windowsill, where there will be a lot sunlight. Small sprouts, which appeared after two weeks, will delight you with rapid growth, which should be reinforced with fresh ones. air baths gradually increasing their duration. Already with the appearance of two or three leaves at the sprouts, glass and film can be removed completely. Watering is carried out with the help of a spray gun, without waterlogging the soil and making sure that it does not dry out. To strengthen weak sprouts, you can apply nutrition in the form of micronutrient fertilizers.

Proper care of viola seedlings

Growing a flower is easier seed way. If you want to get flowering in the first year, then plant viola seeds in boxes at the end of February or at the beginning of March. Cover the boxes with seedlings with film or glass, put them in a warm place. Provide seedlings during the germination period with regular loosening of the soil and abundant watering. After two weeks, small shoots will appear, which then need to dive at a distance of 5 centimeters. In May-June, plant the viola in open ground (distance from each other 10-15 centimeters). Plant the plant with seeds in open ground in June-July, in August transplant the viola to a permanent place. Just keep in mind that the viola will begin to bloom next year in early spring. Reproduction of this plant can be done by spring self-sowing, but the flowers will lose their species differences. Viola can also be propagated by cuttings. Land at the end of May apical cuttings with several nodules in moist soil. Cover them with a jar on top to keep high humidity. In autumn, the cuttings will take root, they can be transplanted to a permanent place.

Viola requires regular fertilizing with mineral fertilizers with an NPK complex. Seedlings are fertilized every 10 days, and adult plants - once a month.

When the sprouts have 1-2 true leaves, they dive into separate containers. Usually, by this time, the central stem of the sprouts is strongly extended to the cotyledons. When picking, the sprouts can be deepened into the ground to the cotyledons - they will be more stable, with powerful roots.

old seeds;

Violet is a genus of plants from the violet family (Violaceae). Viola is the Latin name for the violet. Perennial pansies (or tricolor violet) - a plant species from the genus violets.

The second pick is carried out at 5 weeks of age. To do this, use separate pots, the diameter of which does not exceed 10 cm.

Care for seedlings of viola grown in open ground consists in warming it with straw or spruce branches before winter. Such a "veil" will protect the root system of the plant from freezing. In the spring, young plants are fed with a solution complex fertilizer twice - before the formation of buds and at the beginning of flowering.

Viola: planting and care in the open field

When growing viola in an annual crop, pansy seeds are sown from December to February. Peat with a pH of 5.5-5.8 can be used as a soil, it is better not to fill the peat with fertilizers, but to use top dressing with each watering, starting from the appearance of the first true leaves. Viola seeds are sprinkled with a thin layer of vermiculite or peat, the boxes should be covered with a film and excessive waterlogging should be avoided.

At the end of May, beginning of June, viola seedlings are planted in open ground.

Wittrock's violet is the scientific name of the viola. Summer residents and gardeners love her very much for their long flowering, varied coloring and unpretentiousness in care. In the people, the viola is lovingly called Pansies. Sometimes novice flower growers complain that the viola is capricious and does not always justify their hopes for lush flowering, or even does not want to bloom at all. In fact, pansies, like every flower, require an approach and knowledge of some simple secrets that allow you to admire their beauty from early spring to late autumn.

You can get acquainted with the process of planting viola seeds in the ground in the video below.

Viola diseases

Reproduction by cuttings

Harmful weeds should be removed regularly. For the winter, plants are covered with spruce branches, fallen leaves or straw.

In order for the seedlings to bush better, at the stage of two or three pairs of true leaves, pinching the sprouts is done.

Care

a thick layer of soil over the seeds;

Viola (or violet) - more often one-, two- or perennial herbaceous plant, rarely shrub. Plant height 15-30 cm.

If the plants dive into large seedling boxes, it is important to maintain a distance between plants of about 6 cm. Unheated greenhouses in the summer cottage are suitable for growing seedlings.

Viola types

The use of fresh manure is unacceptable, as this provokes the "black leg" disease.

The best temperature for seed germination is 18-20ºС; at temperatures above 23ºС, viola seeds can go dormant (do not germinate for a long time). Viola seed germination period is from 5 to 14 days.

Where to plant a viola.
What are pansies?
With the arrival of warm days, you can start transplanting flowers in open ground, leaving 15 cm gaps between the bushes so that air circulation is free and there is additional territory for lush flowering. Flowers will grow quite quickly and rapidly if their care was initially correct. All that the viola will require in the future is moderate watering and top dressing with fertilizers, as well as loosening the soil as needed.
When improper care Viola can develop the following diseases: root and stem rot, black leg, downy mildew, aphids, leaf spot. Just make sure that water does not stagnate at the roots of the plant, then you will avoid all these diseases.
Viola currently has about 500 species. A flower, whose varieties are so diverse, strikes the imagination of even connoisseurs.

When warm weather sets in and the threat of frost passes, they begin to plant seedlings in a permanent place - on a balcony (March) or in open ground (May-June).

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Heavy and dense soil, which is sprinkled with seeds.

Viola, whose flowers are one of the oldest garden plants, has been known to botanists since the 16th century. Also in ancient greece and Rome, people decorated their premises during the holidays. But it began to be cultivated only after two centuries. F. Miller, the famous English florist, was the first to do this. Since sowing viola for seedlings is carried out in peat soil without fertilizers, the first top dressing is done after three weeks. In regions with a harsh climate, planting viola for seedlings from seeds becomes the only way to grow this When growing viola seedlings, it is necessary to maintain the substrate moisture in the range of 40-70%, higher humidity prevents the penetration of oxygen to the roots of the plant, which leads to stretching of pansy seedlings.

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How easy and simple is it to grow Viola from seeds on your site?

General information about colors

Most varieties of pansies are light-loving plants, so they are planted most often where there is a lot of sun. But the viola tolerates penumbra well, however, the flowers in this case can be a little smaller.

The plant belongs to the violet family. It is widespread in Asia and Europe. These flowers also took root in Russia. Viola is a perennial. This can be seen from her biological features. But gardeners prefer to grow pansies as biennial plant. Viola flower is a herbaceous bush with a height of 15 to 30 cm.

Preparing to Grow Viola from Seeds

There are quite a few varieties of Anyutok flowers that begin their flowering with the advent of early spring. Among the most common known varieties:

Viola is a short (up to 30 cm) plant with an eye located in the center of the flower, and often painted in four colors at the same time. Viola differs abundant flowering and a riot of colors that will certainly decorate your flower bed with long flowering, from early spring to late autumn.

There are several types that are considered the most popular among gardeners:

How to plant seeds?

When planting seedlings in the ground, they maintain an interval of 10-15 cm. If the seedlings are planted in boxes or pots, then the following ratio is observed: 1-2 liters of soil per plant. The emerging shoots are exposed to light. Moreover, even direct sunlight in the spring is not dangerous for plants. In Russia, violet appeared at the end of the 18th century, thanks to the famous botanist P.S. Pallas, who studied the flora of Altai. It was he who brought the violet, which is now called Altai, to St. Petersburg.

To do this, use any mineral fertilizers, watering the solution under the root. Further top dressing is repeated every month. With watering, you also need to be careful. Water should be directed under the very root, avoiding drops on the leaves.

The complexity of this method of growing viola lies in the need to create a number of conditions:

To obtain strong viola plants, the temperature for growing seedlings should be no more than 20ºС (growing at high temperature may be the reason that the size of the flower will be smaller than stated by the originator of the variety), pansies tolerate temperatures as low as +5ºС. Viola is difficult to grow in the same room where heat-loving flowers are grown.

Soil requirement - looseness, moisture, good ventilation.

Cultivation of long-term flowering species

Breeders divide varieties into short, medium and tall. Violas also differ in inflorescences. The smallest flowers in diameter are only 4 cm, large - up to 6 cm, and some varieties give magnificent flowers up to 10 cm in diameter! Viola planting dates.

Viola Wittrock;
The cultivation of this plant is excellent in fertile soil and in partial shade. As for moisture, moderate watering is suitable for the soil in which the viola will grow. Severe drought and lack of watering, as well as significant waterlogging, will negatively affect its flowering and condition. These magnificent flowers have some distinctive features, such as an excellent attitude to transplanting to a new place, as well as frost resistance. Viola responds well to fertilizing, but is categorically negative about organic additives.

Viola tricolor (V. tricolor). Two or annual plant. Height 10-20 cm. In open ground, this viola blooms from May to September, and it looks most decorative in the second year of flowering.

Many people consider growing seedlings a rather troublesome business, so they prefer to sow seeds immediately in open ground. When sown in late May - early June, the viola will begin to bloom in August-September. If you sow the viola in August, flowering will begin in early spring the next year.

Growing from seed viola ampelous

Any suitable containers are selected for sowing: special cassettes for seedlings, small flower pots, food containers, etc. It is very important to choose suitable soil- it should be loose. You can buy special soil for violets or cook it yourself.

Growing from seed Viola Rococo

At the beginning of the 19th century, well-known pansies appeared in Europe - Wittrock's hybrid violets. They combined the beauty of three types of violets: Altai, yellow and tricolor.

Growing from Viola Horned Seeds

Viola seedlings are planted in open ground in mid-May, when return frosts are not expected.

Additional lighting;

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Viola (pansies): seedling cultivation

Good development of pansies is possible only with high level lighting, fluorescent lamps as for petunias will not help, you need to use Dnat lamps (which shine so it is impossible to work with them nearby).
How to care for pansies
Viola can be planted in different dates. It all depends on what time of the year you want to get flowering. It may be the end of winter: at this time pansies are planted on seedlings. It may also be summer, when the seeds are sown directly into the ground.
Viola Horned.
Well, you have become the proud owner of viola flower seeds. The package with colorful design will become good example of what the viola blooming will be. Now you can start preparing, and, directly, the cultivation itself.
Viola Wittroka (V. wittrokiána). It is usually considered a biennial or annual, but it can also be grown as a perennial when divided annually. Height 15-30 cm. This is a highly branched plant. Large flowers have a diameter of 4-10 cm. Flowers of the most diverse colors, while it can be plain or spotted. Depending on the time of sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the ground, viola can bloom in summer or autumn. Varieties of Wittrock's viola are conditionally divided into several groups according to a number of common characteristics: "trimardo", "chemalis-winter", "Schweitzer Risen", "Swiss large-flowered", etc. For example, varieties from the "Pirnaer" group are distinguished by early flowering.
When sowing, the seeds are laid out in small depressions (up to 0.6 mm), observing an interval of 10-15 cm. After that, the soil is shed abundantly and waiting for seedlings to appear.
Fill the containers with soil and start sowing. It can be produced in different ways:
How is viola grown? Flowers, growing from seeds of which is the most simple and cheap way, can also be planted by sowing in open ground or cuttings.
When transplanting to the bottom of a hole 5 cm deep, you need to pour a handful of sand as drainage and plant seedlings of pansies with a clod of earth. The distance between plantings should be about 10-15 cm. For larger plants with large flowers, the distance between the bushes is 20 cm. The seedlings are watered abundantly under the root and lightly shaded for several days. Sand will allow water to quickly go deep into the soil without forming stagnation. This reduces the risk of blackleg viola disease.

Compliance with the temperature regime;
The ratio of N:P:K at the initial stage of top dressing is 14:1:4, increasing to 14:4:14. Be sure to feed with micronutrients. Concentration of nitrogen fertilizers at the beginning of 75 ppm nitrogen, gradually increasing to 100 ppm.
2.
Landing in open ground is carried out in June-July. Seeds are sown on loose, moist beds. Seedlings appear in about two weeks. In August, the plants are planted in a permanent place. Violas are getting stronger, gaining strength. Viola will bloom only next spring, but experienced gardeners they say that in terms of splendor and duration of flowering, biennial pansies are superior to their counterparts grown from seedlings.
Among the variety groups of Wittrock's viola, Rococo is popular.
Before you grow a viola, you should find a place for these mysterious "lights" on your site in advance. Ideally, if in the place where there is the most sunlight, and the soil will be suitable with moisture and breathability.
Viola Altai (V. altaica). Ornamental perennial plant. Height up to 20 cm. Frost-resistant. It can bloom twice a season: from mid-spring to mid-summer and from August to the first frost.

Pinching is done at the stage of two or three true leaves. IN further care for plants is regular and sufficient watering, feeding.
Seeds are buried in the ground. Deepenings (up to 0.6 cm) are formed in the soil 1 cm apart. The seeds are laid out in the resulting grooves after 1-2 cm. Sprinkle the seeds with earth. Landings are shed or sprayed with water. To create a humid microclimate in seedlings, they are covered with a film or glass. To prevent mold from appearing, the film is slightly opened twice a day for about 10 minutes. They put a "greenhouse" with seeds in a warm place (20-25 ° C). Illumination does not play a role.

Growing from seeds - this way you can grow enough plants for a garden or balcony. In addition, it is beneficial - seeds are much cheaper than ready-made seedlings. To improve germination, viola seeds should be soaked for a day in a solution of special preparations (for example, zircon) before planting.
This is the basic scheme for growing pansies. But how to grow healthy viola seedlings so that they do not stretch out in a container on the windowsill? Since sowing is carried out in early dates, shoots need to be illuminated, for which they use ordinary fluorescent lamps or phytolamps, which belong to the category of special lighting fixtures. Viola needs at least 14-16 hours of daylight. The growth regulator Alar somewhat limits the growth of seedlings, but subject to the use of additional lighting.
Selection of optimal soil.
Viola is dived at the age of 5-9 weeks in pots with a diameter of 10 cm. The concentration of fertilizers can be increased to 100-150 ppm. Watering is moderate, the temperature is not high, even an unheated greenhouse with a double film and additional cover with agrofibre on the arcs will do.

Violas constantly need moisture. Without watering, plants do not bloom. However, waterlogging and stagnation of water leads to the fact that the plant may die or get sick with a "black leg". Therefore, do not be lazy to loosen the ground, give oxygen access to the roots of these amazing flowers.
However, the seedling method is also very popular, so we will dwell on it in more detail.
These are flowers of rather large sizes, with terry sheets of various colors. Released and new hybrid varieties belonging to the Viola ampelous group, which look great in hanging flower beds, as shown in the photo.
Now it is worth deciding on the appropriate period when it will be possible to plant seeds. For those who have found best option in terms of a permanent place for the subsequent cultivation of the viola, already in July you can sow the acquired seeds. In this case, the viola will please with its beautiful flowering in May next year. But in order to get seedlings at home, it is necessary to start planting viola flowers as early as February. It should be noted that grown from seeds in room conditions and flowers planted in the form of seedlings are distinguished by rich shades, great view and resistance to various kinds of adverse conditions.
yellow viola (V. lutea). The most unpretentious of all violets. Height 8-15 cm. Viola got its name for the bright lemon-yellow color of the flowers. Blooms from May to July.
When planting seedlings or sowing seeds, the choice of location is of great importance. Violas grow and bloom best in bright sunny places, but with shading from the bright midday sun. In the garden, this can be a place under the trees with a not very dense crown, and on the balcony - the western or eastern side.
Seeds in the ground are sown superficially. The soil is abundantly shed or sprayed with water, preferably warm (30-35 ° C). The seeds are laid out in recesses after 1-2 cm. The container with the seeds is covered with a film or glass. The soil is regularly ventilated. Place the seed container in a warm place and cover it with some material (for example, a sheet of cardboard) on top.
Any variety of perennial and biennial violas can be grown according to one of 3 schemes:
As for the temperature regime, 18-30 degrees of heat are needed for seed germination. Deviation in any direction negatively affects the germination of viola seeds.
In late February - early March, you can sow viola for seedlings at home. The seeds must first be soaked in a solution of Zircon, Epin or the EM-1 preparation. this will speed up seed germination and make the seedlings more resistant to pathogens.

If viola seedlings are stretched, then you can use the growth regulator alar 2500-3000 ppm, one or two treatments.

It is difficult to find a plant in the garden that is less demanding on the conditions of its development than cute curly bushes with flower eyes. Growing viola is within the power of even a person who first poured seeds into the palm of his hand for sowing.

The name of the plant is a tracing translation of the Latin name of the genus Violet (Viola). Fragrant flowers have been adored for centuries in many countries, especially the French. Emperor Napoleon never returned home to his Josephine without her favorite bouquet of violets. And the great Goethe always went for a walk with a bag of viola seeds and scattered them all over the neighborhood of Weimar.

In the genus Viola of the Violet family, about 500 are known, and according to individual sources - more than 700 species distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere in areas with a temperate climate. Violas are considered the most popular of them in garden floriculture:

fragrant,
horned,
nursing,
labrador,
doggy,
pubescent,
korean,
tricolor,
Wittrock,
ampelous,
Williams and others.

The plant is very easy to cultivate, but a flower grower who decides to plant it in his flower bed needs to know certain rules of agricultural technology.

Viola growing in the garden

There are several ways to plant a cute flower in your garden. The most common is sowing seeds, which is carried out both in open ground and for seedlings. Varietal violas are propagated by the vegetative method using cuttings and layering.

The site for planting is chosen sunny, with loose and humus-rich loamy soil, well fertilized with potassium and phosphorus.

Sowing seeds in open ground

Viola propagation by seeds is used more often, as a simpler and less expensive opportunity to grow a flower. If you sow seeds for seedlings, then flowering can be expected already in the current season. From seeds sown in open ground, plants will be obtained that will bloom next spring.

Planting viola in open ground is carried out in May-June, when the threat of return spring frosts has already disappeared. Sowing is carried out sparsely, in rows and the seeds are planted in the soil no more than 1 cm. Seedlings appear in 10-15 days. If the weather is dry, they are lightly watered so as not to be washed away by the pressure of water. The soil between the rows is loosened and weeds are removed.

When the seedlings grow up, they are thinned out, leaving a distance of 7-10 cm between neighboring flowers. It is also possible to pick seedlings in 3-4 weeks to the beds where the viola will winter. The first time after picking, the plant is shaded.

Sowing seeds for seedlings

The timing of planting the viola for seedlings depends on when they plan to wait for flowering. If sown at the end of January or in February, then the bushes will delight with buds at the end of May. March sowing will produce flowers in late summer.

Shallow bowls for seedlings are filled with purchased soil, which is shed on the eve of sowing with a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate. Small viola seeds are laid out in shallow grooves, barely sprinkled with earth. Spray with water from a spray bottle, cover the crops on top with plastic wrap and put a southwestern window.

The mini-greenhouse is regularly ventilated and moistened. Shoots appear after 10-14 days. In early April, they dive into pots bigger size, deepening to cotyledon leaves. At the end of this month, they begin to harden the seedlings, exposing them to an unglazed or veranda during the day, and returning them to the room at night. Seedlings are planted in open ground in the first or second decade of May, maintaining a distance of 15-20 cm between them. In early June, the viola is already blooming.

Advice experienced flower growers about how to plant a viola beautifully: if, when planting seedlings on a garden bed, some of the plants are placed in the shade, and the rest in a lighted place, then flowering is prolonged.

Those in the sun open their petals earlier, which receive less light - bloom later and wither after everyone else.

Viola propagation by cuttings and layering

Particularly valuable varieties are propagated vegetatively. Cuttings are cut from May to July from well-developed healthy plants. To do this, use apical shoots with 2-3 internodes. Plant them in a shaded garden close to each other so that they touch. The groove is well shed with water and the cuttings are deepened by about 0.5 cm. Sprayed from above and covered with a film. After 3-4 weeks, you can already check what roots the viola has. Usually the plants develop a good root system by this time.

For reproduction by layering, the plant is shaded so that it stretches. In early autumn, the shoots are bent to the ground and sprinkled with fertile soil. By spring, the layers take root, and they are transplanted into the garden.

Viola planting before winter to a permanent place is carried out in early September by transshipment. Rooted bushes are covered with dry fallen leaves to protect them from freezing. In winter, they make sure that water does not stagnate in the beds with wintering violas during thaws.

Growing and caring for a viola flower in a pot

The grown seedlings in May are transferred to flower containers, which are placed in, on the terrace or hung in a flower pot. Violet loves moisture, but gets wet from stagnant water. Therefore, a drainage layer is required at the bottom of the pot, for example, from expanded clay or gravel. The soil for the viola is suitable for any purchased and fertile. However, containers can also be filled with ordinary garden soil mixed with humus, and for looseness, add a little coarse-grained river sand.

Plants are moistened regularly, avoiding overdrying. On the eve of a long absence of a grower, watering is also possible in a pan. Violas are fed weekly with any universal fertilizer for flowers. With such care, they open buds almost all summer.

How to care for viola in the garden

The main measures for caring for the viola in the garden are the timely loosening of the soil, especially after rain, it is necessary to weed and destroy the crust on the ground, which prevents air from penetrating to the roots. Simultaneously with weeding, weed grass is removed from the feeding zone of viola bushes.

Watering and fertilizing

The plant is quite moisture-loving, but it gets wet from excess moisture in a particularly rainy summer if it finds itself in a lowland, constantly flooded with puddles. However, the viola should not suffer from a lack of moisture, otherwise the flowers become smaller, the growth of the bushes slows down, and flowering may stop altogether. In too much heat, flower buds do not form.

The first top dressing during the cultivation of viola is carried out on the eve of budding - a tablespoon of nitrophoska is added to a bucket of water. The second time they are fed during flowering with Agricola-7 fertilizer, diluting 1 tablespoon in 10 liters of water. Plants are watered with a solution under the root.

After the flowers fade, the stems are cut off, leaving 10-12 cm from the ground level, the bushes are watered abundantly and fed. Very soon, new young shoots grow, on the tops of which flowers reappear.

How to harvest viola seeds

The time to collect seeds comes when the top of the seed box turns white or turns yellow, and it itself rises up on the peduncle. Picked at this moment, they ripen well when dried in a shady place with active air circulation. Viola seeds remain viable for 2-4 years. In 1 g they contain about 800 pieces.

Viola diseases and their control

Many flower growers claim that viola is resistant to diseases and pests. However, this remark is more true for natural species, but varietal plants are more vulnerable to maintenance problems.

Most garden violas suffer from blackleg disease and powdery mildew in high humidity conditions. In order to prevent blackening of the base of the stem, experts recommend not thickening the plantings and disinfecting the soil by watering with a solution of potassium permanganate or foundationol. Against powdery mildew process with a solution soda ash and laundry soap.

Leaf spot often threatens Wittrock's viola. Treat it either with a copper-soap preparation. Viola tricolor and fragrant from ascochitosis are sprayed with copper-containing products. Phyllosticosis most often occurs on plants of viola Williams and ampelous. It helps to save plantings from it by processing before flowering with a Bordeaux mixture or preparations "Abiga-Peak", "Khom".

Affected by pitium (root rot of seedlings) or gray rot, viola tricolor, ampelous and fragrant plants are destroyed along with the clod of earth where they grew. The soil under neighboring healthy bushes is shed with Maxim or Alirin-B solutions.

Wittrock, fragrant, Williams and tricolor violets that are ill with fusarium, late blight or the variegated virus cannot be cured. Mushroom spores live in the soil for a long time and it is no longer recommended to plant viola in the garden where the defeat occurred. In order to avoid viral infection, the plant is not planted near cucumber and pumpkin beds.

Viola pests and how to get rid of them

Systemic insecticides are used against insects, ticks are eliminated with the help of acaricides, and to prevent the appearance of nematodes, sodium nitrate is added to the soil a week before planting - 150-200 g per 1 sq. m.

Planting and caring for viola in the open field do not cause too much trouble for the grower. But the friendly flowering of cheerful bushes, accompanied by a fragrant aroma, brings a lot of positive emotions throughout the summer.

How to plant viola seedlings. Viola flowers growing from seeds - important rules for planting and care