Do-it-yourself insulation of the balcony with mineral wool. Insulation of the loggia and balcony with mineral wool from the inside: step by step instructions. In more detail, the stages of installing cotton wool are presented in the diagram.

Almost every modern city apartment has the possibility of expanding the living space by using the additional area of ​​the balcony or loggia. To do this, it will be necessary to carry out work on the insulation of cold glazing, floor and ceiling. It will be useful for everyone who is faced with the need to solve this problem to learn about the technologies, methods, stages, as well as the materials that will be required for this.

Balcony insulation expands living space in a city apartment

Styrofoam and mineral wool

2 technologies for preparing cold and glazed rooms in an apartment are used:

• Balcony insulation mineral wool.
• Use for the same purpose foam ().

Both approaches pursue one goal - the creation of a heat-insulating and airtight shell on the loggia, or balcony, which, like the walls of a thermos, prevents heat loss. To achieve it, several associated tasks are solved:

• Arrangement of vapor barrier.
• Protection against atmospheric moisture.
• Ensuring the durability of the protective layer.
• Maximum saving of usable area.
• Finishing.

Similar goals and objectives determine the similarity of their technical solutions.

The problem of choice: what is the best way to insulate a balcony, or a loggia, with foam plastic or mineral wool?

Mineral wool - universal insulation

In terms of costs and labor costs, both methods have minor differences that can be neglected. The difference will be noticeable only after the result is achieved. Thermal insulation, made on the basis of foam, completely blocks the access of air. If the balcony is on the sunny side, then with the windows and doors closed, in clear weather it will turn into a hot greenhouse and stale air and condensate will accumulate there all the time. The stuffiness in the room will have to be periodically ventilated. provides a minimum "breathing" of the internal space, therefore, when correct installation insulation based on it, the microclimate in the room will be more favorable.

Advantages and disadvantages

With all the advantages of modern foam-based insulation, professionals still advise using mineral wool to insulate balconies. This is due to the following advantages of this material:

• Better isolates the room from street noise.
• Doesn't require perfect smooth surface walls to be insulated.
• Combined with breathable materials such as wood. That's why outdoor balcony before installing it, you can sheathe it with clapboard.
• Resistant to high temperatures and does not burn when in contact with an open flame.
• When installed correctly, minimizes the chance of accidental cold bridges.
• Provides weak convection and does not allow long-term accumulation of stale air.

Mineral wool also has disadvantages, compared with foam plastic and similar foam-based materials:

• Thermal insulation properties are less by 10-15%. Therefore, for similar indicators, it will be necessary to install a slightly thicker layer of material, which negatively affects the reduction of usable space.
• The total mass of the thermal insulation coating is more than 2 times.
• The installation process is more demanding in terms of experience and skills.
• The installation technology requires an additional installation of a vapor barrier film.
• The material is a source of dust harmful to breathing, so it becomes necessary to use a respirator to work with it.
• More stringent technological requirements, since their violation can lead to irretrievable loss of thermal insulation properties and the ingress of harmful dust into the living room.

Features of work when warming balconies

Insulation with mineral wool of a balcony or loggia - step by step process

All work on the insulation of mineral wool can be divided into several stages:

• Insulation of side walls, floor and ceiling.
• Floor covering installation.
• Replacement of cold glazing (if any) with a warm one.
• Finishing decorative trim.

Before carrying out work, it is necessary to immediately resolve the issue with warm glazing. The fact is that now balconies and loggias in new buildings in most cases have cold glazing. On the upper floors, most often there is a complete finish of the facade part with an aluminum profile. On the lower floors, such structures are installed at half the height of the balcony.

How to insulate aluminum windows with partial or full glazing on the balcony?

Warming aluminum windows on the balcony

The most budgetary way to insulate an aluminum balcony in a new building is to install multilayer plastic double-glazed windows on an existing profile. If the aluminum structure is installed from floor to ceiling, then in order to save money, instead of the lower row of double-glazed windows, facade panels, which are insulated from the inside in the same way as the side walls and ceiling - with mineral wool, or foam. Pasting a cold single-layer structure will only be insufficient both for keeping warm and for good insulation from street noise. The junctions of new multilayer double-glazed windows to the aluminum profile are filled silicone sealant and vilaterm.

Features of insulation of aluminum windows

Aluminum profile insulation

After installing warm frames, all joints and slots are processed with mounting foam:

• Especially carefully the sealing process is carried out in the area of ​​​​adjacency aluminum construction to wall, floor and ceiling.
• For additional protection these zones are installed flashings made of plastic or metal.
• Before foaming, the gaps between the profile and the wall can be filled with vilatherm.
• Outside, a vapor barrier is glued onto the treated joints. reinforced tape, one of the layers of which is aluminum foil.
• If the lower part of the aluminum structure is covered with glass-magnesite sheets, then it can be covered with a stenophone or similar. It is well held with double-sided tape and provides high level heat and sound insulation.
• The inner surface of the aluminum profile is closed with wide vilaform strips, on which the ceiling profile is installed as clamps.
• When installing clamps, flashings and vilaform tapes, it is necessary to take into account the distance that the wall, floor and ceiling insulation will occupy.

Insulation with mineral wool

Calculation of the material before work on the insulation of the balcony

Read on the topic -. How to fasten, lay and glue.

• Wooden beam 60 cm. Its quantity depends on how many layers it is planned to make a protective layer.
• For laying a layer 10 cm thick, it is recommended to use 5 cm thick cotton slabs and form a second layer from them, where the blocks are located perpendicular to the direction of laying the first layer.
• Glue for gluing protective blocks and a vapor barrier film are purchased based on the total area of ​​the insulated surface.

Preparing for the installation of mineral wool slabs

Installation of a crate for laying mineral wool

The floor, side walls, ceiling and parapet (if any) are covered with mineral wool slabs. Blocks insulating material fit inside wooden crate. Its installation has the following features:

• The thickness of the wooden beam is 50-60 mm.
• The vertical or horizontal arrangement of the beam is determined by the design and shape of the decorative trim panels and the way they are installed.
• Wooden elements are fastened with self-tapping screws and dowels to concrete or a brick wall.
• The gaps between the frame elements for mineral wool blocks should be 1-2 cm smaller than the size of these blocks for a tighter fit.
• With a two-layer method of laying thermal insulation, the frame bars of the second layer are laid perpendicular to the crate of the first layer.

Glue for mineral wool

The use of a special cement-based adhesive allows you to completely block the movement of air between the insulated surface and the insulation. Full gluing of a two-layer protection, when the blocks are laid perpendicular to each other, allows you to create a dense monolithic barrier without accidental cold bridges. Fungi - dowel nails with wide washers can serve as additional fasteners for blocks.

vapor barrier

Installing a vapor barrier when insulating a balcony with mineral wool

A roll of vapor barrier material is untwisted along the insulated surface over the layer with stone wool. The material is fastened with a furniture stapler to wooden elements frame. The butt overlap should be at least 10 cm. The joints are additionally sealed with double-sided tape. The places where the vapor barrier film adjoins the ceiling, walls, floor and window profile are closed with a waterproof sealing tape.

Installing the counter beam

The counter beam is used to fix the decorative trim panels. Before installation, double-sided adhesive tape is applied to its surface, which should be adjacent to the vapor barrier coating. Fixation is carried out using self-tapping screws to the elements of the crate located behind the vapor barrier layer.

Heater on the floor

Mineral wool floor insulation on the loggia

To install the frame under the floor insulation, a wider beam of 50X100 mm is used. The step between the lags is recommended to be the same as that used when installing the wall and ceiling sheathing. Under plates 60 cm wide, it is necessary to make a step of 58-59 cm for a tighter fit. Floor covering can also be done in 2 layers. For installation of 100 mm mineralized wool insulation. it is allowed to arrange 2 layers of 50 mm each with mutually perpendicular arrangement of blocks. Before installing plywood or fiberboard, a vapor barrier film is applied to the thermal insulation layer and attached with staplers. All joints of the vapor barrier material are overlapped with double-sided adhesive tape.

Floor finishing

On the logs of the frame, covered with a vapor barrier film, are laid plywood sheets, or boards and fastened with self-tapping screws. The flooring is recommended to be made two-layer, when the elements of the second layer are laid across the elements of the first. Only after that, the linoleum, laminate or parquet laid on top will last a long time.

Internal wall, ceiling and parapet cladding

The choice of decorative panels for finishing the insulated balcony is very wide:

• Drywall.
• Siding.
• Clapboard.
• Decorative plastic panels.

If the insulation and vapor barrier layer have been installed correctly, then no facing coating will suffer from temperature changes, moisture penetration, or ice. interior insulated balcony becomes fully habitable, and it can be used as such all year round, which increases the total living space of the apartment.

Insulated glazing interior

Metal clamps on aluminum profile covering the layer of vilaform, or other insulation, are lined with plastic decorative panels with the desired shades, or for painting. Multilayer double-glazed windows become full-fledged apartment windows, so the balcony doors can not be closed.

Types of mineral wool and their features

Complete insulation of the balcony with mineral wool does not always help to make a new room warm and cozy. For this purpose, stone or basalt wool for interior decoration is better suited. Its fibers are created from molten rocks and held together with a special synthetic compound that does not emit harmful substances in dangerous quantities. The heat-insulating properties of such a material are the highest, compared with cheaper options - glass wool and slag.

Can glass wool be used to insulate a balcony? Despite the low cost of this tool, insulation based on it will not be able to make a new room completely residential. Even a thick layer will still let cold air in, and glass dust will definitely get into the atmosphere.

Affordable Technology

Finishing the loggia with clapboard after insulation with mineral wool

Turning a balcony or loggia into a full-fledged living room with the help of mineral wool insulation does not require special skills and is done with ordinary household tools:

• Perforator drill.
• Screwdriver.
• Bulgarian.
• Hacksaw for wood and metal.
• Pliers and side cutters.
• Screwdriver Set, furniture stapler and a stationery knife.

For accurate work, you need a tape measure and a level. To protect against harmful dust, you can use not only a professional respirator, but also an ordinary cotton-gauze bandage. It is best to work with mineralized wool with construction gloves. After the contact of its blocks with open areas skin, it is enough to wash off all its traces with soap in time to avoid allergies and skin itching.

The loggia has an area that winter time it is desirable to make it comfortable for living. To do this, it is necessary to make it warm. One longitudinal side of the loggia borders on your apartment, the second one goes out onto the street, the sides adjoin the walls of the neighbors. Based on this, Special attention should be given open side, which will contain windows.

Glazing

Most of the heat escapes through the window space. Given this, it is necessary to install high-quality windows. Best to choose plastic windows with two double glazing. They are durable, practical, have good soundproofing. Their only drawback is that they do not let air into the room, which can lead to an increase in condensate. To avoid this, it is necessary to ventilate the loggia more often.

The choice of insulation method

It is necessary to decide on the method of insulation: outside or inside. When choosing an option, you should consider where the dew point will be. The dew point is the temperature at which water vapor condenses on the colder side. With external insulation, the wall remains warm, the living space inside the room is not lost. outdoor method much more efficient than internal. But this option is fraught with technical difficulties, since it can only be performed by industrial climbers. When insulating from the inside, the thickness of the selected material should be increased, and the work itself should be done by hand.

Material selection

The choice of materials for insulation is very large. It can be various types of foam, mineral wool, polyethylene foam. Most cheap way- insulation of the loggia with mineral wool. Wool is a fibrous material obtained by melting different kind raw materials. It can be glass, volcanic rocks or slag from blast furnaces. In this regard, there are several types of this insulation: glass wool, stone or basalt wool and slag. These materials are good insulators, have good sound absorption, are light and easy to install, but are susceptible to moisture.

glass wool

Glass wool has a high wrinkle in the wet state, increased fiber fragility. The smallest fragments of glass wool can penetrate the lungs, eyes, get on the skin, so this material must be tightly packed in plastic bags. When working with it, for safety reasons, it is necessary to use gloves, goggles, a respirator, overalls. Cotton wool can be produced in rolls, mats and plates.

stone wool

Stone or basalt wool is the highest quality. It is non-flammable, durable, resistant to deformation, easy to install, more dense. Its shrinkage is no more than 5%. Mostly produced in slabs. It is desirable to stop your choice on it. Use plates with a thickness of 50-100 mm.

slag wool

Slag wool is good for insulation, but it is very hygroscopic and has low vibration resistance, which is why its durability is low. Therefore, it is less in demand.

Floor insulation

The floor plate, first of all, is cleared of debris. Waterproofing is placed on the cleaned floor. It can be thick polyethylene or roofing material. On top of the waterproofing layer, a crate of wooden beams is attached, having the same thickness as the material. It needs to be processed
antiseptic. The crate is attached to the floor plate with dowels. Then, a heater is placed in it, between the bars. It should be borne in mind that mineral wool with a low density will shrink. Therefore, the dimensions of its sheets should be larger in area of ​​the space where it is inserted. The inserted insulation is covered with polyethylene, which is fastened to the bars with a stapler.
The flooring can be done: - with a floorboard, having processed it with foam, which will save its characteristics. It is advisable to use a grooved board with grooves and protrusions; - OSB board. We nail the plate or attach it with screws to the crate. We put laminate on it. It can be covered with linoleum or carpet after the walls and ceiling are insulated.

Insulation of the ceiling and walls

If the floor of your neighbor on top of the loggia is insulated, then the insulation of the ceiling of your loggia disappears, but it is better to make its lining. The wall adjacent to the living room can not be insulated, as it is warm. It is better to perform electrical wiring on it for installing sockets and a switch.
To insulate the ceiling and walls, it is necessary to make a crate from a bar with a section of 50x40 mm in increments of approximately 500 mm. The installation of the bars must begin from the corners of the loggia. Attach the bars to the ceiling and walls with self-tapping screws and treat with an antiseptic. Then start the warming itself. The cut sheets of mineral wool are glued with special glue to the wall and ceiling of the loggia. The glue should have the consistency of sour cream. They need to generously lubricate the bonding surface. Additionally, sheets of insulation can be attached with dowels "fungi".
The next stage of insulation is vapor barrier. It can be done with dense polyethylene, but it is better with foil-foamed polyethylene. The foil should be facing the inside of the loggia in order to retain heat in it. After insulation, we carry out final work. We nail to the bars of the ceiling and walls top coat. It can be PVC lining, wooden lining or other materials. We fix skirting boards on the floor, and install special corners to the corners of the walls and between the walls and the ceiling.
The insulation of the loggia with mineral wool has been successfully completed and your loggia is ready for living in the cold season.

The insulation process consists in installing a heat insulator between the crate. The procedure is not complicated, but requires compliance with the tightness of the installation. It is impossible to allow the appearance of gaps, cracks and gaps between the mineral wool slabs.

To eliminate the shortcomings, you need to keep a balloon on hand polyurethane foam, which immediately fills all detected irregularities.

The gaps between the insulation plates form cold bridges, areas with active formation of condensate. The surface gets wet, materials and structures in contact with the cold bridge are destroyed. If they are not eliminated in time, the work will have to be redone in 2-3 seasons.

Particular attention should be paid to the insulation of slopes of window and door openings, the design of corners and junctions with glazing. In these places, cracks may appear, so it is necessary to install the insulator as carefully and tightly as possible.

Installation of mineral wool on the ceiling plate is carried out in the same way. To support the mineral wool, it is recommended to fix it with a thin wire stretched across the crate over the mineral wool.

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands step by step instructions

• Clearing the premises. It is impossible to do quality work if you have to constantly move things from place to place.

• Crack sealing. We assume that high-quality double-glazed windows are installed on the windows. In any case, there are gaps between the balcony and the wall, at the junction of the ceiling and the floor. So they need to be repaired using foam, sealants or solutions. Slots of considerable size are sealed with pieces of foam.

• Balcony / loggia waterproofing. Needed to keep water out. Moreover, it can enter through micropores in concrete. For this purpose, a deep penetrating primer can be used.

• In the case of using cotton wool, it is necessary to install a waterproofing film. It is fastened with an overlap and secured with tape.

• Installing a heater. There are two methods here:

• frame method. In this case, you must first equip the frame from treated with an antiseptic wooden planks or galvanized profiles. Boards are more popular because they are cheaper and allow you to adjust the thickness of the frame. The most commonly used beam is 50x50. A heater is inserted into the formed cells.

• Frameless method. More preferable, but only suitable for rigid insulation. This is due to the fact that the material of the frame with the frame method remains not covered with insulation. Those. wood or metal serve as cold bridges and conduct heat well. Therefore, in the vast majority of cases, rigid heaters are mounted without arranging the frame.

• Laying penofol, vapor barrier film or superdiffusion membrane.

• Floor insulation is in progress.

• The final stage - decorative decoration of the balcony wooden clapboard or drywall.

Which is better to keep the heat of mineral wool or polystyrene

Summing up, it is important to note such a factor as thermal conductivity. Styrofoam has a higher thermal conductivity compared to mineral wool

Styrofoam is a cellular structure, which is filled with air inside. Thanks to this design, the foam retains heat much better, resulting in warm air stays indoors.

Mineral wool, due to the lack of isolated cells, is able to pass warm air. The air moves from the warm side to the cold side, so the wall cools faster. But thanks to the mineral wool, the walls of the house can "breathe" without forming condensate, which leads to destruction. Styrofoam, and especially polystyrene foam, does not allow steam to pass through, therefore, condensation forms on the walls, leading to destruction.

As a result, it can be noted that it is better to choose mineral wool for insulation wooden walls, lofts, frame structures, pipes and pipelines. This will ensure not only efficient, but also proper insulation. Styrofoam is recommended to be used for insulation:

• walls of houses made of brick, concrete, cinder block;
• basements;
• foundation;
• non-ventilated roofs;
• gender.

It is also worth noting that foam should be used for residential premises, and polystyrene foam for industrial unheated premises.

stone wool

Stone wool is produced from molten rocks of volcanic origin. In terms of fiber thickness, it is identical to slag wool. The thermal conductivity is 0.077-0.12 W / m K °, the melting point is from 600 to 1000 ° C.

Mineral wool is currently the most popular of the three types, since it has the highest resistance to fire - it practically does not burn and does not support combustion, as well as an indisputable advantage when warming a loggia or balcony with your own hands - it does not prick. You can work with it in a regular, not a protective suit, and with your bare hands.

Stone wool has the same disadvantages as the other two types of mineral wool - it is very hygroscopic and retains moisture that has not got into it for a long time, especially when insulating the floor.

All listed types of mineral wool are produced in rolls or mats. Dense types of cotton wool, having a density of 175-200 kg / m3, are produced in the form of plates and are convenient for insulating the ceiling and floor of balconies.

Depending on the brand of mineral wool, the weight of 1 m3 can vary from 75 to 200 kg. This is by no means a light heat-insulating material, therefore, to keep it on the walls or ceiling, it is imperative to arrange a crate attached to the wall or floor slab.

Domestic manufacturers producing mineral wool are guided by GOST and SNiPs, which allow maintaining equal parameters for products from different manufacturers. Foreign analogues do not have any significant advantages in terms of thermal conductivity or fire resistance, they are no better than domestic materials, but much more expensive.

Lathing installation

It is needed to support the heat insulator and install the skin. It is a series of vertically arranged strips, the distance between which is carefully calibrated and corresponds to the width of the heat insulator.

With a width of mineral wool slabs of 60 cm, the step of the crate should be reduced by 0.5-1 cm in order to ensure the tightness of the installation.

The material is used wooden blocks or metal guides for drywall. The second option is recognized as optimal, since the guides have an ideal geometry, are not prone to rot and cracks, and do not burn. Installation is much easier, since all the necessary elements are on sale - direct suspensions, screws.

The first step is the marking of the walls and the installation of direct suspensions along the axes of future planks. The crate is built from the installation of extreme slats. They are carefully aligned vertically, the distance to the wall should be equal to or slightly more than the thickness of the mineral wool. Then, cords are stretched between the slats, which serve as guidelines for the installation of intermediate slats. This is faster than checking the position of each bar individually.

The choice of mineral wool insulation

When working with glass wool, it is necessary to protect the skin and respiratory tract

Minvata is presented in three main types:

1. Glass wool is one of the best options in terms of price and quality. It has low thermal conductivity and good sound insulation. But there is also a negative side. It is necessary to work with it in a respirator, glasses and rubberized gloves.
2. Slag wool has found its application in industry. This is the cheapest type of mineral wool. Only the highest quality products can meet environmental standards. It is not recommended to use this type of mineral wool to insulate a balcony.
3. Stone, it is also basalt wool, repels water well. This indicator of stone wool is the best among other types, which means that this material will absorb moisture and collapse to a lesser extent. Environmentally friendly types are produced for indoor finishing works.

The choice of mineral wool is impossible without understanding required thickness and material density. Thickness varies depending on climate zone, in which work is carried out, and can be from 50 to 150 mm.

Mineral wool with a low density is suitable for walls and ceilings, and when choosing mineral wool for a floor screed device, the most rigid one is needed. So its density can be in the range from 30 to 220 kg / m3.

The main characteristics of various grades of mineral wool and prices in the Moscow market

Provider	Mineral wool brand	Density, kg / cu. m	Trade item	The volume of material in the package, cu. m	dimensions of one sheet/plate, mm	The cost of a commodity unit, rub.	Cost per cubic meter m, rub.	Thermal conductivity, W/(m*K)
Isolux GroupWholesale prices	TECHNONICOL ROCKLIGHT	30kg/m3	Package	0,288	1200*600*50	398,41	1383	0,04
TECHNONICOL TECHNOLIGHT Extra	30kg/m3	0,432	1200*600*100	716,67	1659	0,036
TECHNONICOL TECHNOVENT Standard	80kg/m3	0,2016	1200*600*70	575,75	2856	0,034
TECHNONICOL TECHNOBLOCK Standard	45kg/m3	0,3168	1200*600*110	600,4	1895	0,034
TECHNONICOL TECHNOFAS	145kg/m3	0,1512	1200*600*70	752,95	4980	0,036
TECHNONICOL TECHNOROOF 45	140kg/m3	0,18	1200*600*50	901,95	5011	0,030
ROCKWOOL Light Butts	0,37	0,3	1000*600*100	517	1723	0,033
ROCKWOOL Venty Butts	90	0,18	1000*600*100	675.9	3755	0,034
ROCKWOOL Cavity Butt	45	0,3	1000*600*100	640.35	2134,5	0,033
ROCKWOOL Plaster Butts		0,18	1000*600*150	781.6	4342	0,034
ROCKWOOL Facade Butts	145	0,12	1000*600*50	729.85	6082	0,035
ROCKWOOL Roof Butts	160	0,12	1000*600*100	784.8	6540	0,034
PAROC Extra		0,504	1200*600*50	920.5	1826
ISOROC ISOLIGHT-L	40	0,2	1000*500*100mm	293.01	1465
ISOROC ISOVENT	90	0,18	1000*600*150mm	578.89	3216	0,032
ISOROC ISOFAS 90	90	0,18	1000*600*150	585.6	3253	0,033
ISOROC ISORUF	150	0,12	1000*500*30	596.34	4969,5	0,034
IZOBEL P-75		0,30	1000*600*50	521.05	1737
IZOVOL L-35	35	0,30	1000*600*50	500	1667	0,035
mineral wool "BELTEP"	Light Extra	35					1470
Light	50					1720
station wagon	65					1990
Facade	85					2640
Facade T	110					3350
Ruf 70	170					4900
Floor 125	125					3650
	ISOVER OPTIMAL		Package	0.20	1000*500* 50	399.17	995.84	0,035
ISOVER LITE		0.29	1200*600* 50	634.80	2 204.16	0,035
ISOVER STANDARD		0.17	1200*600*50	774.90	2 690.64	0,035
ISOVER FACADE 2.88 4 Code of Criminal Procedure 327.02		0.14	1200*600* 50	941.82	6 540.45	0,037
ISOVER RUF N OPTIMAL		0.18	1200*600* 50	756.95	4 205.25	0,036
	Technonickel (Russia) Rocklight			0,432	1200*600* 50	550	1279
Isoroc (Russia) "Isolight"			0,2	1000*500*50	390	1950
Rockwool Light Butts			0,3	1000*600*50	520	1733
PAROC eXtra			0,576	1200*600*100	1094,4	1900
	Rockwool Light Butts	37	package	0,3	1000*600*50	560	1867	0,04

Insulation with mineral wool without crates

Of course, the above table is not exhaustive. It gives the consumer an idea of ​​the main properties of mineral wool types available on the Moscow market, their price and quality.

Regarding the prices at which you can order the insulation of the balcony with mineral wool with the material of the contractor, they are relatively low. Together with the device of the crate (or other method of fastening), this type of insulation will cost you about 1,500 rubles / sq. m.

The balcony is insulated and ready for cladding: a layer of fiberglass glued to the insulation is visible

But this service is performed in a complex - with sheathing, cladding, laying steam and waterproofing. Therefore, in reality, it will not be so easy to determine the exact price for it, and it will significantly depend on the specific contractor.

A video on the topic of insulating a balcony with mineral wool can be viewed here.

Advantages and disadvantages of mineral wool as a material for insulation

The name "mineral wool" combines several materials that are almost identical to each other both in structure and in production technology. The properties of these materials are also similar, so you can describe them as one.

The positive aspects of using mineral wool:

• excellent sound insulation, which will especially appeal to people living near noisy roads or in houses with large yards;
• insulation with this material can be done at any time of the year;
• a fairly simple installation method, so even a non-professional can handle it;
• good thermal insulation qualities;
• this material is not subject to fire;
• light weight, which is convenient both for transporting material and for carrying out work.

In addition to a number of advantages, this material also has its drawbacks, which you should definitely familiarize yourself with before proceeding with repair work on the balcony.

Here are the main disadvantages of mineral wool:

• moisture instability. When liquid enters, the material is simply deformed and crushed;
• cotton wool tends to crumble while working with it, so you need to be careful. In addition, after the completion of the work, a lot of small debris will remain, and additional time will be required for cleaning;
• work with this material is possible only with special clothing, as well as glasses, gloves and a respiratory mask. And after the installation is completed, it is necessary to immediately thoroughly clean the balcony using a vacuum cleaner.

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The better to insulate the balcony with foam, polystyrene or mineral wool

The most common thermal insulation materials for balcony insulation are mineral wool, polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam.

• Penoplex - thanks internal structure The material retains heat well and has scanty water absorption. The material is perfect for outdoor insulation of the balcony.
• Styrofoam - it is made by foaming polystyrene granules, which are then foamed with hot steam. To obtain a lighter material, the procedure is performed several times, this significantly reduces its mass and density indicators.
• Mineral wool is a material obtained by melting rocks, with randomly arranged fibers. The insulation perfectly retains heat, does not rot and perfectly resists fire. The main disadvantage of mineral wool is low strength. When solving the problem - how to properly insulate the balcony with mineral wool, the main thing is to provide it with reliable protection.

Before the balcony is insulated, it is necessary to seal the detected cracks well, and only then begin other work. It is better to perform the main insulation from the outside, this will save the usable internal area and protect against condensation in cold weather.

Novice builders are wondering how best to insulate a balcony, for example, what is the best way to insulate a balcony with polystyrene foam or mineral wool. So, polystyrene is good because it is much easier to mount, in most cases it is simply glued to the walls, or if it is impossible to glue it, it is also inexpensive. But you need to take into account the fact that polystyrene passes water vapor much worse, unlike mineral wool. Conclusion - it is necessary to at least insulate the ceiling with mineral wool, creating the possibility of removing damp air. If the question is - what is better foam or mineral wool for a balcony, then we can say that the main advantage of foam plastic is that this insulation does not let moisture through and practically does not shrink, and mineral wool shrinks up to 15%. As a result, after a certain period, even with a small load on the insulation, mineral wool thermal insulation will become less effective.

Mineral wool is good because, unlike the listed materials, it does not burn at all, and can withstand temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees, only connecting fibers burn at elevated temperatures, and the structure of the material remains unchanged, thus creating additional fire protection.

Disadvantages of mineral wool and polystyrene

Polyfoam has the following disadvantages:

• deteriorates when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, so the material needs additional protection;
• low resistance to chemical environments, so the foam cannot be opened with paints and varnishes (the exception is water-based paints and varnishes);
• combustibility. Styrofoam not only burns well, but also emits dangerous substances. To reduce the flammability of polystyrene, flame retardants are added to it during production, which also emit toxic substances;
• polystyrene foam is a very fragile material, so sometimes it is replaced with a stronger derivative of insulation - extruded polystyrene foam.

Another important disadvantage of polystyrene is that it attracts various rodents. If a mouse gets inside a wall that is insulated with foam, it will damage the entire insulation.

Mineral wool has the following disadvantages:

• insecurity. Mineral wool in its composition has many tiny particles that can spread in the air and enter the human respiratory organs. Human inhalation of formaldehyde resins, which poison the body with phenol, is also unsafe;
• the weight of the mineral wool is much greater than the mass of foam boards;
• high cost of the material, due to the production process of the material;
• it is afraid of water, therefore, when wet once, this insulation loses its heat-shielding properties and becomes useless.

Among all the shortcomings, it is important to highlight the mineral wool and its insecurity. Although mineral wool is not afraid of ultraviolet rays, it still needs to be protected by various decorative materials to reduce the chance of dust particles and constituents being released into the atmosphere

The sputtering method stands apart in this group. Such heat-insulating material as polyurethane foam is applied to the wall precisely by spraying. Relatively new material on the market is quickly gaining its fans among professionals and amateurs. Because it allows you to perform insulation without additional preparation of the base. The high speed of work execution - less than one day - also speaks in favor of PPU. Among the disadvantages are the high cost and the inability to do the work yourself without special equipment.

Balcony preparation for PPU insulation Polyurethane foam spraying on the balcony Insulation of the ceiling with polyurethane foam on the balcony Balcony and loggia insulation with polyurethane foam

We sheathe the ceiling and walls with insulation

Before starting work on insulation, it is necessary to check all walls and corners for cracks, cracks, and if any, they should be sealed with sealant if they are small or with mounting foam. After drying, cut off the remaining foam and cover everything cement mortar or sealed with adhesive tape. The same walk along the walls, see if the plaster is crumbling.

If neighbors live above you, you need to find out from them if their floor is insulated, if so, you shouldn’t bother with it. For your peace of mind, that the heat will be stored in the room, experts recommend lining the balcony for their part.

The walls of the balcony are mainly sheathed with double-glazed windows that are not subject to insulation. Insulation from windows will depend on their thickness. The lower part is mostly done by builders either in concrete or iron.

Warming the walls of the balcony with mineral wool with your own hands

Now let's start insulating the walls and ceiling. On them it is necessary to attach a beam of wood from the border of the ceiling, measuring 50 x 40 mm. After that, we attach the timber to the wall along the entire length in increments of 50 cm. If you plan to carry out wiring and sockets, then all electrical work must be carried out at this stage of work.

Important! All switches and sockets should be installed only external. . To lay mineral wool between the bars, it must be cut into pieces sized with areas between the bars

Insulating, of course, is better from the ceiling. To attach sheets of mineral wool, use special glue. It must be applied carefully. After applying the glue, the sheets must not be pressed strongly against the surface, so that there is no punching on the insulation. After you have completed all the insulation work on thermal insulation, you can safely proceed to the insulation of the walls.

To lay mineral wool between the bars, it must be cut into pieces with sizes with areas between the bars. Insulating, of course, is better from the ceiling. To attach sheets of mineral wool, use special glue. It must be applied carefully. After applying the glue, the sheets must not be pressed strongly against the surface, so that there is no punching on the insulation. After you have completed all the insulation work on thermal insulation, you can safely proceed to the insulation of the walls.

If the wall of the loggia has sufficient thickness, you can install additional fasteners in it, which will not only securely fix the entire system, but also extend its service life.

Depending on the climatic conditions, you determine what the thickness of the material should be (50-150 mm). All additional elements for fastening should be installed after the glue dries. Since mineral wool does not have high strength, but performs all its functions, all work with it should be done carefully so as not to damage it.

Important! When working with insulation, it is necessary to wear a respiratory mask, as small particles can scatter from the sheets, causing allergic reactions.

Mineral wool slabs are laid close to each other. The adhesive must be the same on all sheets. After completing the installation of the insulation, you can safely proceed to the installation of the reinforcing layer. Upon completion of the latter, proceed to the finishing work.

Balcony ceiling insulation with mineral wool

When making glue for mounting mineral wool, it is necessary to make it a thick homogeneous consistency. If you make the adhesive too thick, it will be difficult for you to get good adhesion to the surface. Too liquid will also add to the hassle, as it will not have the necessary density for adhesion. Therefore, make sure that the consistency of the glue is non-liquid, of such density that it does not drip from the spatula.

Remember, in any case, do not push through the mineral wool when attaching to the surface, work with the insulation carefully, as this is a rather fragile material. . For better adhesion, fasten the mineral wool using a knitting wire, fasten the mineral wool with a construction stapler

For better adhesion, fasten the mineral wool using a knitting wire, fasten the mineral wool with a construction stapler.

As for the wall separating the balcony area from the room, it can not be insulated, since it is already warm. Lights, sockets, switches can be connected to and mounted on it.

Which insulation is suitable for a balcony foam or mineral wool

The question of choosing one or another type of insulation arises in several cases: either with a large amount of work, they choose a heater on which you can save money, or they select a heater that, according to its own physical properties can be used in this room. Balconies and loggias are small in terms of floor area, so it is hardly worth talking about serious savings on the difference in the cost of various types of insulation. Another thing, when the question arises as to what is better to insulate balconies with mineral wool or foam plastic, then it has more to do with the physical and consumer properties of these types of heaters than with the price.

Requirements for heaters

• Weight. The smaller it is, the less heavy the balcony structures will become after construction work is completed.
• thickness. Thin materials will leave more internal free space in the loggia or on the balcony.
• Thermal conductivity. At lower values ​​of this indicator, more heat will be stored in the room.
• Moisture permeability. With its small indicators, the effect of moisture on the material decreases and its thermal conductivity decreases.
• Soundproofing. Large values given parameter will protect the room from excessive noise.
• Fire safety. The material used must not be combustible, and also emit toxic fumes under the influence of fire.
• Environmental friendliness. Its high performance will preserve human health and not harm the environment.
• Profitability, which characterizes the cost (the purchase of the material should be accessible to a wide layer of consumers).
• Durability. The larger it is, the cheaper the insulation becomes for the buyer.
• Ease of installation, which is especially important for those who are going to do repairs themselves.

Styrofoam

This heat-insulating material is well known to everyone since childhood. Swimming boards were made from it. The balls that make up the foam were often used to create artificial snow at children's parties. The technology for producing foam is similar to making popcorn. Only foam plastic granules do not explode under the influence of high temperature, but are saturated with air at high pressure.

Styrofoam is the most common and cheapest of their heat-insulating materials.

It has excellent heat-insulating properties, yielding in this only foam. Lightweight, easy to install, easy to cut.

There are two production technologies - non-pressing - in which the balls adhere to each other as a result of the residual adhesiveness of the uncooled polymer and press - the most dense and heavy grades of foam plastics used for floor or pavement insulation, underground parts of foundations.

The most common brands in housing construction are PSB-S 15, PSB-S 25, PSB-S 35. They differ in density - 8/15/25 kg / m3, respectively, and various coefficients resistance to compression and breaking force. The higher the number in the designation of the foam brand, the more durable and resistant to mechanical damage it is.

Styrofoam is combustible, in this way it differs significantly from practically non-combustible mineral wool. When burned, it releases deadly carbon dioxide gas. According to the degree of fire hazard, foam plastics belong to the 3rd category of combustibility. Therefore, it is better not to use rooms and buildings for insulation with foam plastic, in which a large number of of people. Styrofoam, unlike mineral wool, is slightly hygroscopic. When completely immersed in water for 24 hours, PSB-S 15 absorbs 4% of the dry mass, and PSB-S 35 absorbs 2% of water.

The temperature range in which the foam can be used varies from -60° to +80° C.

It is believed that the foam is not dangerous to human health. But it is better not to use it for indoor insulation. The foam is vapor tight. In rooms insulated with foam plastic, it is difficult to breathe humid and stale air. Therefore, as a heater, it is most often used outside the room or in those rooms where there is good ventilation in particular on loggias and balconies.

Preparatory work

1. Before insulating a balcony, it is advisable to assess its condition - whether it is, in principle, able to withstand the weight of additional structures. At this stage, it is possible to determine the weight of the structure (windows + frame for insulation + insulation + waterproofing + trim) that can be added without the risk that the balcony will collapse. Based on the calculation and choose the degree of insulation and materials.
2. Assess the condition of the parapet - it may need to be replaced or duplicated. It is the parapet that turns out to be the supporting structure when installing the glazing. If the parapet is bad, it can be cut off, leaving small fragments embedded in the slab and walls of the fixtures, then a new parapet can be attached to them.
3. Remove everything superfluous from the balcony, clean, repair and prime all surfaces, large potholes can be foamed with mounting foam.
4. Install a new or repair the old frame of the room (parapet, walls and roof).
5. Perform glazing of the balcony (for the balcony it is necessary to choose the most lightweight double-glazed windows, the best options there will be aluminum, which is also the frame of the walls, aluminum or lightweight plastic for the frames).
6. Repair the potholes that have appeared again, clean the balcony from the debris that arose during the installation of windows, prime the places of the new repair.

Preparatory work

Preparatory work includes not only the process of preparing the surface for installation mineral wool boards, but also a large set of activities preceding this work.

First, the balcony is completely freed from all things. Then the roof, window units, parapet and floors are inspected for the need for repair, replacement or installation. Without high-quality performance of these works, thermal insulation will not be done properly. Only after the absolute reliability and tightness of all elements of the balcony is ensured, you can proceed to the stage of its insulation.

Preparatory work is completed only when the interior space of the balcony is completely protected from wind and rain, and its enclosing and bearing capacity is not in doubt or restored.

At this point, you need to make your choice of insulation, which will be installed on the balcony to protect against the cold.

Criterias of choice

Main specifications, which you need to pay attention to when choosing thermal insulation materials for balconies and loggias:

• heat transfer coefficient - the higher the indicator, the smaller the layer of insulation you need to use, which allows you to save precious space and reduce the load on the stove;
• resistance to mechanical stress - it is easier to apply a layer of finishing material on durable materials;
• vapor and water permeability - the microclimate in the room and the need to use additional materials depend on these indicators.

It is also worth considering the features of installation - the simplicity of the process is especially important if the work is planned to be carried out independently without the involvement of specialists.

Advantages of mineral wool

The main excellent is the thermal insulation properties. A layer of mineral wool with a density of 100 kg / cu. m 10 cm thick keeps heat as well as a two-meter wall of silicate brick;

Insulation materials

An article on our website “How to insulate a balcony inside? Choosing the best insulation!”
You can read about what problems may arise after the insulation of balconies at: http://oknanagoda.com/balkony-lodzhii/utepleniye/problemy-uteplennykh-balconov.html

Absolute fire safety. Mineral wool is obtained from melts of rocks - such as basalt, granite, etc., or melts of blast-furnace slags by saturating the melt with compressed air or water vapor, or by centrifugal drawing of a mineral thread from the melt.

Warming with mineral wool of the walls of the balcony

In industry, mineral wool is used for thermal insulation of smelters, furnaces, etc. Withstands temperatures that living conditions unattainable even with a strong fire;

Ease of use. Mineral wool is supplied to the market in the form of mats, which are easily cut with a knife, or plates, which are easily cut with a hacksaw;

Decent soundproofing properties. Sound absorption coefficient up to 0.95 (that is, the sound during the passage is weakened by 95%);

Non-hygroscopicity combined with good vapor conductivity. The level of moisture absorption is only 0.5%. These properties make it possible to maintain a microclimate in an isolated room;

Mineral wool for balcony insulation in rolls

No thermal shrinkage; dimensional stability over time. Due to this, seams, cracks, etc. do not form in the insulation layer. "bridges of cold";

No chemical activity. You can not be afraid that the metal will corrode from contact with mineral wool;

Good biological stability. You can not be afraid that a fungus will start in mineral wool or mice will settle.

Advantages of mineral wool

Mineral wool: perfectly retains heat

It is generally accepted that mineral or as it is also called stone wool is a good insulation

Let's take a look at some of its advantages: good heat retention performance

Stone wool insulation having a density of 100 kg / cu. m. and a thickness of 100 mm retains heat no worse than a silicate wall with a thickness of about 2 m;
complete fire safety. The material is obtained by melting certain types of rocks (granite, basalt and others), slag waste, which are later saturated with air supplied under pressure, water vapor or by means of a centrifuge, followed by extraction of a thin thread from the molten mass;
ease of use. The material is sold in the form of mats, effortlessly cut with a sharp object, or slabs, sawn with a simple hacksaw blade;
soundproofing properties. The weakening of the strength of sound waves when they overcome the layer of mineral wool insulation can reach 95%;
lack of hygroscopicity and good vapor permeability. The moisture absorption index is 0.5%. Given properties material is advantageously used to maintain comfortable conditions in isolated rooms;
there is no thermal shrinkage, thanks to which the size of the plates remains unchanged. This helps to prevent ruptures and the subsequent formation of cold bridges because of this;
resistance to chemicals. This allows you not to worry about damage and destruction;

• good heat retention performance. Stone wool insulation having a density of 100 kg / cu. m. and a thickness of 100 mm retains heat no worse than a silicate wall with a thickness of about 2 m;
• complete fire safety. The material is obtained by melting certain types of rocks (granite, basalt and others), slag waste, which are later saturated with air supplied under pressure, water vapor or by means of a centrifuge, followed by extraction of a thin thread from the molten mass;
• ease of use. The material is sold in the form of mats, effortlessly cut with a sharp object, or slabs, sawn with a simple hacksaw blade;
• soundproofing properties. The weakening of the strength of sound waves when they overcome the layer of mineral wool insulation can reach 95%;
• lack of hygroscopicity and good vapor permeability. The moisture absorption index is 0.5%. This property of the material is advantageously used to maintain comfortable conditions in insulated rooms;
• there is no thermal shrinkage, thanks to which the size of the plates remains unchanged. This helps to prevent ruptures and the subsequent formation of cold bridges because of this;
• resistance to chemicals. This allows you not to worry about damage and destruction;

On a note: Mineral wool has excellent biostability: rodents do not start in its thickness and fungal formations do not develop.

Benefits of mineral wool

Mineral wool is a group of thermal insulation materials made from the melt of various rocks and minerals.

• glass wool;
• slag wool;
• Basalt or stone wool.

Despite the diversity of composition, the term "mineral wool" usually means basalt or stone . For home insulation, it is the safest material. The characteristics of the heat insulator distinguish it from the list of other similar materials. Minvata has important advantages:

• High heat-saving qualities;
• Minvata is a reliable sound insulator;
• Light weight;
• Does not burn and does not support combustion;
• Does not rot, does not contribute to the formation of mold and fungus;
• Available in rolls and in slabs, this helps ease installation.
• Relatively low price.

The only drawback of the insulator is the ability to absorb moisture, losing working qualities. The problem is solved by installing a protective membrane. Suitable Choice- insulation with stone wool, released in slabs and mats. They are quite rigid, easier to install, do not lose their shape over time.

Work procedure

To insulate the balcony and loggia from the inside, you will need to prepare fasteners in advance.

The best choice would be anchor bolts or dowel nails. Fasteners are passed through mineral wool.

The stages of warming are performed in the following sequence:

1. You need to find all the gaps and eliminate them. To do this qualitatively, it is necessary to use mounting foam, the excess of which, after drying, is cut off with a clerical knife. good choice is "Moment Montage" or "Macroflex".
2. We warm the floor. Quick installation does not provide sufficient thermal insulation. A crate is installed in which insulation is laid, a load-bearing flooring made of boards, chipboard or plywood is sewn on, a floor covering of laminate, linoleum or parquet is laid on top.
3. We perform wall insulation. In this case, you will need to take several steps - installing the crate, filling it with mineral wool with laying a film for hydro and vapor barrier, cladding and finishing.
4. We insulate the ceiling. The steps of the previous step are repeated.

Preparation and styling

Warming is preceded by a series preparatory stages, the sequence of which depends on the general condition of the balcony, the chosen technology for the work and the type of materials used:

• strengthening concrete slab grounds;
• dismantling or replacing a metal handrail in old houses;
• construction of a parapet from foam blocks in its absence.

  Strengthening the parapet with foam blocks

Roll materials (penofol, isolon) are attached directly to the wall. Laying tile insulation (polystyrene, foam or mineral wool) can be done in two ways:

• on the wall with glue or dowels - this method saves space on small balconies and avoids additional load on the base;
• on a wooden (metal) crate; the material is cut to the size of the cells of the crate (usually about 60 * 60cm), placed between the bars; it is convenient to fix finishing materials on the crate (lining, drywall or panels).

  Fill gaps with foam

Important information

It is very important to carefully consider the insulation of all sections of the balcony, only in this case it will play its role completely. If gaps or gaps remain in some places, then mineral wool will no longer give the expected effect.

It must be understood that the balcony is insulated in order to keep warm, and not create. Therefore, in the cold season, you can install a heater on the balcony or open the balcony door, allowing heat from the room to get there. You can also place an air conditioner or battery there.

Such an insulated and heated balcony will help expand the area of ​​​​the apartment: it can be turned into a full-fledged small room. Depending on the size, it can accommodate a couple of chairs and a table. Get a cozy place to relax. True, in this case, you will also have to take care of the lighting.

Also, the insulated balcony will great place for, and with the proper level of heating and sufficient area, you can make an additional sleeping area. This solution will be especially relevant for small and one-room apartments.

Warming with a rolled type of mineral wool is more difficult - but still possible, see how this is done in our video:

Penofol

This is a versatile material with moisture, sound and heat insulation properties. It is a thin layer of foamed polyurethane with an aluminum coating, which has the ability to reflect heat. Available in roll form, easy to install.

Usually used in combination with other materials.

To ensure the level of thermal insulation required for residential premises, the use of penofol alone is not enough! Depending on the purpose, several varieties are produced:

• type "A"- has a one-sided reflective layer, used for internal combined insulation;
• type "B"- material with two reflective surfaces for arranging a substrate for a screed or underfloor heating;
• type "C"– self-adhesive appearance, easy to install and minimum requirements to surfaces; enough to concrete walls were smooth and clean.

Installation of insulation materials

After applying the adhesive, the mineral wool slabs are installed on the surface to be insulated between the guides of the battens, pressing lightly. Each element of mineral wool should be laid close to the previously installed one.

In the presence of cracks and gaps, they are filled with small pieces of insulation. Laying thermal insulation material start from the ceiling, and after it they move on to wall surfaces.

If the thickness of the walls of the loggia allows, then it is better to use additional fasteners.

The more secure the system is, the longer it will last. After the glue dries, the cotton wool is fixed with dowels.

vapor barrier

Upon completion of installation insulation materials install a vapor barrier. Lay it with the foil side inside the room to reflect heat. The edges of the material are joined without overlap. The joints are glued with metallic tape.

Advantages and disadvantages of mineral wool

The advantages of mineral wool include the characteristics that an ideal insulation should have. Namely:

• It is absolutely harmless to humans (no toxins are released, it is safe when in contact with the body).
• It has an optimal ratio of light weight and thermal protection.
• Fire resistant.
• Easy to install.
• Creates sound insulation.
• It is unpretentious to climatic conditions (it is possible to carry out work on warming in the winter season).

In terms of material deficiencies, the list includes characteristics such as minimal moisture resistance, wet pliability and a high degree of crumbling.

Therefore, when working with mineral wool, it is important to ensure high-quality waterproofing, as well as control the pressure on the material during installation in order to avoid deformation and destruction.

The main parameters of mineral wool

Rice. 3 Insulation of the loggia with mineral wool in rolls

The industry produces several types of mineral wool for insulation of building facades and internal walls premises:

glass wool

Made of thin glass threads 5 - 15 microns. length 15 - 50 mm., has a thermal conductivity of 0.038-0.052 W. / m. * K., resistant to high temperatures up to 450 C, does not burn. Currently obsolete and not used for domestic insulation due to its harmful properties - flying sharp glass (requires a respirator and protective clothing for work.)

slag wool

It is obtained by processing blast-furnace slag into thin fibers 16 mm long. and 4–12 µm in diameter. The material absorbs moisture well and is caustic, non-flammable, emits harmful substances, therefore it is not used for external insulation and in residential premises. It has a thermal conductivity of 0.46 - 0.48 W. / (m. * K.) and withstands temperatures up to 250 C, forms an acid when moisture enters, corroding metal structures.

Basalt (stone) wool

Insulation made of mountain basalt made of thin BTV (thickness 5 - 15 microns.) or super-thin BSTV (thickness 1 - 3 microns.) fiber is designed for use inside residential premises (insulation of the floor, walls and ceiling), is available in the form of rolls, mats or plates.

Rice. 4 Thermal insulation of the balcony floor with stone wool in sheets

To insulate balconies, it is more practical to use 50 mm thick plates, which are easily mounted on umbrellas or glue and are easier to handle. outdoor decoration Unlike roll types required to install the frame.

Main technical characteristics of fine-fiber basalt slabs:

Thermal conductivity. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of a stone slab is 0.46 - 0.48 W. / (m. * K.).

Soundproofing. Fine fiber stone slabs have a maximum sound absorption coefficient of 0.80 - 0.95%.

Hydrophobicity. The structure of the board allows it to absorb moisture, which fills the air voids between the fibers without being absorbed into the material.

Flammability. The material is not combustible, the melting point of basalt fiber is about 1000 C.

Vapor permeability. Mineral wool from basalt passes air well.

Biological and chemical stability. The composition of basalt does not include organic matter that promotes the formation of fungus and mold. The material is not afraid of exposure to acids.

Treatment. The slabs are easily cut with a hacksaw and adhere well to the walls, their surface perfectly retains plaster solutions when the mesh is applied.

Physical characteristics. Stone wool slabs have a density of up to 400 kg/cm. cubic, thanks to which they retain their geometry and are not subject to stalling and shrinkage.

Environmental friendliness. Like all natural materials basalt is harmless to human health.

We carry out vapor barrier

After installing mineral wool, the next step in thermal insulation of the balcony is vapor barrier. This stage of work is necessary so that the insulation does not deteriorate from moisture, and the bars do not rot. As a vapor barrier, polyethylene can be used, which is first applied to the ceiling, and then overlapped to the walls and at the joints. In places where sockets and switches are installed, the film should be cut so that electrical products can be easily inserted.

Sheathing the balcony with foil isolon

This option with vapor barrier can also be done on the floor. Moreover, in addition to the film, the construction market offers for the implementation of vapor barrier - isolon and penofol. At the end of the vapor barrier work, you can safely proceed to the finishing of the loggia.

As finishing materials, you can choose lining, and drywall for painting or wallpapering, and decorative plaster, it all depends on your taste preferences and means. After that, you can lay laminate, linoleum, tiles, if you want, carpet on the floor. If it is planned to lay the "warm floor" system, then it is placed on the heat insulator, after which you can proceed to flooring.

Wall decoration must be carried out as a last resort. At the end of the wall decoration, you can fix the skirting boards.

As a space heating, an excellent solution would be to install a “warm floor” system, as described above. If you do not accept such a decision, then an alternative may be an air conditioner with winter regime- heating or a convector, thanks to which a comfortable temperature will be maintained in winter.

Do-it-yourself floor insulation on the loggia with penofol

Advantages of mineral wool insulation

After all the insulation and finishing work, the room is suitable for permanent pastime on it. You can equip it as a place to relax, for example. But it is better to develop the interior design in advance in order to know how to arrange the furniture or zone the room, as well as to make it convenient to use the lighting.

The option of designing a seating area on the balcony

If the size of the loggia allows, it can be converted into a dining room, where during meals you can admire the surroundings, or you can equip it under winter Garden, office, summer bedroom or even a children's playroom. There are many options, it all depends solely on the quality of the insulation work. And if all the rules are met and everything is done correctly, which will allow you to save comfortable temperature and not waste heat in the room. Therefore, so that on a balcony or loggia you can realize the most bold ideas, before starting work, decide for yourself what function the additional zone will have in order to correctly select and perform thermal insulation work. If you still do not quite understand the technology of warming the loggia with mineral wool with your own hands, the video presented at the bottom of this article will help you view the work process step by step.

Balcony ceiling insulation with mineral wool Do-it-yourself balcony wall insulation with mineral wool Do-it-yourself wall insulation with mineral wool Do-it-yourself ceiling insulation with mineral wool Floor insulation with mineral wool Do-it-yourself balcony wall insulation with mineral wool Attaching mineral wool to the balcony walls Balcony insulation with penofol We do floor on the balcony - mineral wool Insulation of the floor on the balcony with mineral wool we insulate the balcony before finishing

stone wool

For the production of stone wool, rocks of volcanic origin are used. The structure of the fibers is fully consistent with slag fibers. The degree of thermal conductivity is 0.077–0.12 W / m ∙ K ^ 0, the temperature for melting is 6000 - 10000C. This is one of the most stable heaters, as it practically does not burn, has a high degree of thermal insulation and is easy to install. Unlike glass wool, it does not prick and you can work with it without protection. But, it still has the same drawback as the previous two types. Not resistant to moisture.

It has the appearance of plates, which facilitates the work during the insulation of ceilings and floors.

When purchasing mineral wool, be sure to pay attention to the location of the fibers. Their vertical direction indicates good thermal insulation characteristics, and horizontal - the ability to withstand loads

The video below tells very well about the technology of balcony insulation:

Pros and cons of mineral wool

When choosing a material for insulating a balcony, you can consider the second version of the building material. It is mineral, or It is a fibrous material that is obtained in the process of melting igneous rocks.

What is better - polystyrene or mineral wool for balcony insulation? In order to make a choice, it is necessary to study the basic properties of this material. Mineral wool has a number of advantages, which are predetermined by the characteristics of the feedstock. The undoubted advantage of such a heater is its fire resistance.

Mineral wool is capable of melting at a temperature of 800 degrees and above. In the event of a fire, it will not only retain its properties, but will also become an obstacle to the spread of fire.

What is better - polystyrene or mineral wool for balcony insulation? As for the fibrous material, it is in second place in terms of thermal conductivity after polystyrene foam. However, mineral wool has higher hygroscopicity. This drastically reduces the heat-shielding properties this material when it is in a humid environment.

What is better - mineral wool or polystyrene foam in terms of vapor permeability? The results of laboratory studies convincingly prove that the condensate that falls in the room easily passes through the fibrous material. And this is its clear advantage.

When answering the question of what is better for sound insulation - polystyrene or mineral wool, you should pay attention to the second material. The undoubted advantage is its ability to create a reliable barrier to various types of noise.

Cotton wool, made of stone, serves as a reliable barrier to sound waves.

For those who have not yet decided what is better to insulate - with foam plastic or mineral wool, it is worth familiarizing yourself with such a characteristic of the material as its weight. Stone wool significantly loses to expanded polystyrene in this indicator. In this regard, when buying it, the cost of delivery, as well as the volume of loading and unloading operations, will increase. The weight of the insulation must also be taken into account when calculating the endurance of the structure.

What is better - polystyrene or mineral wool for insulation in terms of environmental friendliness? Only laboratory studies of the material can answer this question. There is evidence that a separate fraction, which is part of the stone wool fibers, has carcinogenic properties. In addition, one of the materials used for the production of this insulation emits a very harmful highly toxic substance formaldehyde, which is very dangerous for humans.

Insulation of the loggia with mineral wool is carried out if it is attached to the room.

One of the most common insulation materials is mineral wool. It is used for thermal insulation of attics, walls and other elements of residential buildings. Mineral wool is an absolutely harmless material that is not afraid of fire and does not emit any toxic substances. When choosing this material for cladding a balcony, you can reduce heat loss. Therefore, warming the loggia with mineral wool will create a fairly comfortable atmosphere.

Scheme of actions for lining the loggia with mineral wool:

• cleaning the loggia from all sorts of things and debris;
• glazing;
• floor finishing works;
• ceiling lining;
• wall insulation;
• electric installation work;
• installation of flooring;
• interior decoration.

The preparatory stage for warming the loggia with your own hands

At the first stage, it is required to clear the balcony room of all things. It is also necessary to remove the old wooden frames (if they were installed a long time ago) with single glazing and replace them with more modern ones. To have a warm loggia, it is advisable to install new double-glazed windows with two or three glasses.

The loggia can be insulated with inside and from the outside. To avoid condensation and moisture accumulation, it is recommended to insulate the balcony only from the outside, but there are cases when this is impossible (for example, so as not to spoil the architectural appearance of the building). Then it is supposed to be warmed from the inside.

To do the work with your own hands, in addition to mineral wool, you will need roofing material, special glue, a building level, a stapler.

Warming the floor of the loggia with mineral wool

To insulate the floor with mineral wool, wooden logs are first installed.

After cleaning the floor surface from various debris, roofing material is placed in one layer. The joint of the sheets can be glued with a sealant tape. Logs are installed on top of the roofing material with a step of 50 cm. In this case, the thickness of the beam is calculated as, the height from the floor to balcony door minus the thickness of the floor covering, draft material and ruberoid. Legs are installed using building level, and are connected by bars.

Important! Before installation, the logs must be impregnated with a composition with protection against decay.

Mineral wool is placed between the lags with their own hands, which must first be cut into pieces equal to the size of the parts between the lags. When cutting cotton wool, it is advisable to wear a bandage so that its small particles do not get into the respiratory system.

Having laid out the mineral wool, a draft floor is placed on the logs, which is fastened with self-tapping screws. At this point, the floor insulation is temporarily stopped, and work begins on the walls and ceiling of the loggia.

Ceiling and wall cladding

The surface is carefully inspected to exclude the possibility of cracks or loose plaster. All cracks are treated with mounting foam, and sealed with sealant tape on top.

If the ceiling of the balcony forms a joint slab from the top floor, then it is advisable to ask if the floor of the neighbor from above is insulated. In the case of an insulated loggia floor, there is no need to insulate the ceiling. But, in order to be completely sure that the heat will not go away, you can still do the cladding work on your part.

The walls of the loggia are mostly double-glazed windows, which, of course, do not need to be insulated. But the lower part can be made of concrete or iron sheet. In this case, insulation is required.

A wooden beam 50x40 mm is attached to the walls and ceiling with their own hands. Installation should begin at the border of the ceiling and walls, after which, in increments of 50 cm, the beam is attached over the entire surface.

In the case of installation of electricians in the room, it must be carried out at this stage.

Important! The switches and sockets installed on the loggia must be exclusively external.

Mineral wool is attached to the wall and ceiling with a special glue.

Mineral wool, as well as in the version with the floor, is cut into pieces equal to the size of the areas between the bars. Insulation material starts from the ceiling. Sheets of mineral wool are glued with special glue. The glue is applied very carefully, after which the sheets are pressed to the surface.

When preparing glue, it is important to make it a certain uniformity and density. After all, a very thick adhesive is not able to provide good adhesion to the surface. Liquid adhesive composition, on the contrary, can complicate work, because it has a low density. Therefore, the glue must be of such a consistency that when applied to the spatula, it does not drain.

Advice! Since mineral wool is a rather fragile material, it is important not to push through it when gluing.

In the same way, mineral wool is attached to the walls. For the best grip, with the help of a knitting wire, the mineral wool is fixed with staples of a construction stapler.

And the room can not be produced, because it is already warm, so you can install all the sockets and switches on it.

After insulation, the walls can be sheathed with eurolining or drywall.

After installing the insulation, do-it-yourself vapor barrier of the room is carried out. It is necessary so that the mineral wool does not deteriorate under the influence of moisture, and the timber does not begin to rot. To do this, you can take polyethylene and attach it first to the ceiling, then to the walls. At the junction of the ceiling with the wall, polyethylene is overlapped. In places where sockets and switches are installed, the vapor barrier film must be cut a little in order to insert electrical products into it.

After installing the vapor barrier, you can proceed to the final work.

At this stage, the ceiling is sheathed with clapboard or drywall with your own hands. Next, you can move on to the flooring. The walls are finished last, and in finishing material it is necessary to make holes for sockets and switches. At the end of the finish, skirting boards are placed.

The best insulation can be achieved by placing a convector in the room. Thus, the heat will not only not go away, but the optimum temperature will also be maintained.

Advantages of insulated mineral wool loggia

In a new warm room, you can make both a place to relax and a study. But in this case, it is necessary to plan the arrangement of furniture in advance in order to take care of the correct installation of sockets and switches.
Also, depending on the size of the loggia, you can equip the dining room with a beautiful view of the surroundings, or turn it into a flower garden. Therefore, proper warming with your own hands will allow the owner to fulfill all his desires.

It makes no sense to talk about the benefits of warming the balcony and loggia. The ability to reduce heat loss, the cost of heating the apartment and get additional space is attractive to the owners of any apartment.

The process is not particularly difficult. It is necessary to choose the time to complete the work and allocate money for the purchase of materials.

It is necessary to pay attention to the study of technology, the procedure and some features of insulation.

Benefits of mineral wool

Mineral wool is a group of thermal insulation materials made from the melt of various rocks and minerals.

• glass wool;
• slag wool;
• Basalt or stone wool.

Despite the diversity of composition, the term "mineral wool" usually means basalt or stone . For home insulation, it is the safest material. The characteristics of the heat insulator distinguish it from the list of other similar materials. Minvata has important advantages:

• High heat-saving qualities;
• Minvata is a reliable sound insulator;
• Light weight;
• Does not burn and does not support combustion;
• Does not rot, does not contribute to the formation of mold and fungus;
• Available in rolls and in slabs, this helps ease installation.
• Relatively low price.

The only drawback of the insulator is the ability to absorb moisture, losing working qualities. The problem is solved by installing a protective membrane. A suitable choice is stone wool insulation, released in slabs and mats. They are quite rigid, easier to install, do not lose their shape over time.

Preparation for work

Before work, it is necessary to free the balcony from all foreign objects, remove lamps, brackets, flower stands from the walls. Thoroughly clean surfaces from dust, residues old paint and other coatings.

The crumbling and exfoliated areas are completely removed, regardless of the depth of destruction.

Found cracks, potholes and other flaws should be puttied, and in difficult cases - plastered. After the putty dries, the walls are covered with a double layer of primer - a deep penetration primer.

Balcony vapor barrier

Warming is done from the inside, so you need to install. It cuts off the heat insulator from the material of the walls, excluding the penetration of water vapor. An ordinary polyethylene sleeve will do, but you can buy a special vapor barrier, which will come out a little more expensive.

The film is installed in horizontal rows starting from the bottom. Each subsequent row is overlapped at least 10 cm, the joint is glued with adhesive tape (adhesive tape).

The film is attached to the wall on the mastic purchased in hardware store. You should not doubt the reliability of the glue, since it is needed only for a while.

Lathing installation

It is needed to support the heat insulator and install the skin. It is a series of vertically arranged strips, the distance between which is carefully calibrated and corresponds to the width of the heat insulator.

With a width of mineral wool slabs of 60 cm, the step of the crate should be reduced by 0.5-1 cm in order to ensure the tightness of the installation.

The material used is wooden bars or metal guides for drywall. The second option is recognized as optimal, since the guides have an ideal geometry, are not prone to rot and cracks, and do not burn. Installation is much easier, since all the necessary elements are on sale - direct suspensions, screws.

The first step is the marking of the walls and the installation of direct suspensions along the axes of future planks. The crate is built from the installation of extreme slats. They are carefully aligned vertically, the distance to the wall should be equal to or slightly more than the thickness of the mineral wool. Then, cords are stretched between the slats, which serve as guidelines for the installation of intermediate slats. This is faster than checking the position of each bar individually.

Wall and ceiling insulation

The insulation process consists in installing a heat insulator between the crate. The procedure is not complicated, but requires compliance with the tightness of the installation. It is impossible to allow the appearance of gaps, cracks and gaps between the mineral wool slabs.

To eliminate the shortcomings, it is necessary to keep a balloon of mounting foam on hand, which immediately fills all the irregularities found.

The gaps between the insulation plates form cold bridges, areas with active formation of condensate. The surface gets wet, materials and structures in contact with the cold bridge are destroyed. If they are not eliminated in time, the work will have to be redone in 2-3 seasons.

Particular attention should be paid to the insulation of slopes of window and door openings, the design of corners and junctions with glazing. In these places, cracks may appear, so it is necessary to install the insulator as carefully and tightly as possible.

Installation of mineral wool on the ceiling plate is carried out in the same way. To support the mineral wool, it is recommended to fix it with a thin wire stretched across the crate over the mineral wool.

Floor insulation

The principle differs little from common technology, but logs are used instead of crates. A layer of waterproofing is laid in front of them with an overlap on the walls of about 20 cm. A vapor barrier is laid on it.

Then the logs are laid and fastened, with a step convenient for laying the insulation. Mineral wool is tightly and carefully inserted between the lags, another layer of vapor barrier is laid on top of it. A rough floor is laid from boards or sheet materials(chipboard, plywood, etc.). After that, you can lay the final floor covering.

Balcony decoration

Finishing work is carried out after the installation of the cladding, which is attached to the laths of the crate over the insulation.

On top of the mineral wool, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier that prevents the insulator from getting wet, which makes it lose its properties.

As a sheathing, it is easiest to use plywood, plasterboard, chipboard, MDF and other sheet Construction Materials. The joints between individual sheets and recessed screws are puttyed, the sheathing surface is primed, then the finishing layer is applied - paint, wallpaper or textured plaster.

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Some owners prefer the installation of lining, which combines the skin and finishing and needs only a coat of varnish.