Layout of the attic in a private house. Attic floor: dream interior (60 photos). Carrying out basic calculations of the attic

Probably the most The best way To increase the usable area of ​​your own home is to replace the gable roof of the house with an attic one. This way you can buy one, two or even three additional rooms, without carving out additional space on the site and without getting involved in the very labor-intensive processes of pouring a new foundation and erecting walls. And to find out how to make an attic correctly, you need to consider all the stages of its arrangement, starting with calculations and ending with roof covering and finishing of the resulting additional rooms.

In order for all the work to be successful, first of all you need to make sure that the existing walls (if the superstructure is being built in an old house) are able to withstand the additional load. This factor will determine whether such a construction project is worth undertaking, and if so, which attic roof design would be best to choose.

It should be noted that the load on the load-bearing walls will increase significantly - due to the larger number of rafters, due to the mass interior decoration walls and floors, windows and doors, insulation systems, as well as all elements of the interior filling of attic rooms. All of these factors indicate that you need to start with choosing the optimal attic design, carrying out calculations, drawing up a project and drawings of the future superstructure.

Types of attic superstructures

According to current building codes, an attic is considered to be a room under a roof that has a height from the ceiling to the ridge of at least 2500 mm. If this parameter is less than the specified limit, then the room is considered an ordinary attic.

• If the vertical posts that determine the height of the walls of the room are 1500 mm in size, then the attic space can be considered a full floor.
• A semi-attic is an attic space in which there are no vertical posts at all, or if they have a height of 500 to 700 mm.

The basis of any roof structure is always triangles with their “rigid” structure

There are several types of attic superstructures, but the most popular of them are high gable and broken structures. Their popularity can be explained by simpler calculations, relatively simple installation work and ease of use. In third place, after gable and broken structures, we can name a single-pitch roof option, which is also sometimes used for arranging an attic. Unfortunately, not every house design can use this type of superstructure, since it requires not only reconstruction of the roof, but also raising the already built walls, which significantly increases the load on both them and the foundation.

If it is being built new house, and the second floor is planned in the form of an attic, then a pitched roof option is well suited for this purpose. In addition, this will help save on roofing material.

More complex structures - domed, hipped, and also with various cantilever projections arranged in the roof slopes (single-level and multi-level) are used extremely rarely and only in exclusive projects, since they have a complex design both in engineering calculations and in installation.

The figure below the numbers shows:

1 – Gable attic.

2 – Broken attic

3 – Single-level cantilever attic

4 – Multi-level attic.

Gable attic

Attic space under d a vuskat roof, which is arranged at an angle between the slopes of 80 ÷ 90 degrees at the ridge, can easily be converted into an attic. To create full-fledged residential premises under it, it will be necessary to carry out a number of necessary reconstructions, for example, very often it cannot be done without strengthening attic floor. All these alterations and plus to this - necessary insulation will certainly “eat up” a significant part of the usable space under the roof, so you should not expect that the rooms in such an attic will be spacious and with high ceilings.

Of course, if the dimensions (length and width) of the house are large enough, and the roof has a significant angle of inclination (45 degrees or even higher), then after the alterations you can count on a relatively spacious attic space.

broken roof

The room under the sloping attic roof will be much more spacious and with a fairly high ceiling. Such an attic can be easily divided into two separate rooms.

Interior of an attic made according to the “broken” type

The sloping roof has four planes of slopes. They are placed at different angles - the upper slopes are called ridge slopes, and the lower ones are called side slopes. They, for the most part, act as walls.

This type of mansard roof is somewhat more difficult to design and install, but the result will delight you with spacious rooms and a respectable appearance of the house.

Single-level cantilever attic

This type of attic has even more complex design than the previous one, since it implies a displacement of the attic space to one side or the other.

Using this option for installing an attic, you can get spacious rooms, much larger in area than under a pitched roof.

The design of a single-level attic roof can replicate not only a gable, but also a single-slope version - this will depend on how much it is planned to move the console out of the attic and raise its ceiling.

Multi-level add-on

Multi-level construction is the most difficult to design and install. The help of qualified specialists will definitely be needed in its development and construction. The supports for the levels of the attic rooms are various rafter systems and ceilings, which are combined with the main one. A multi-level system involves the arrangement of rooms at different levels of the attic, which is why the consoles should be located this way.

Having chosen the most desirable type of attic, you need to determine whether it is possible to install it on the old walls of the house, or whether they will have to be strengthened. Therefore it is necessary to carry out accurate calculations and draw up a project.

Roof truss basics

Most roofs, and the attic roof is no exception, have one of two types rafter system, or a combination of them. Each of these varieties has its own characteristics, which depend on the location load-bearing walls buildings.

Hanging system

A hanging rafter system is defined by the fact that it is supported only by two external main walls located along the length of the building, in which there are no internal main partitions.

Such a system is used provided that the distance between the main supports is no more than 13 ÷ 14 meters. In any case, this design puts a fairly large load on the walls and foundation of the building.

To weaken the loads in this system, various support structures are used. elements - crossbars, headstocks, struts, tightening, racks and other parts.

For example, the headstocks seem to suspend the entire system from the ridge beam using a tightening rod, and the struts pull the overlapping beams to the rafter legs.

For the attic floor in this system, it is necessary to use thick bars, logs or boards that are installed on the edge. Their thickness can be determined from the table given in this publication, taking as a basis the distance between the support points.

In order for the ceiling to be reliable and durable when using a hanging system, you need to make accurate calculations, and if it is difficult to do this yourself, then it is better

Layered design

The layered system is distinguished by the fact that it has supports not only on external main walls, but also on internal partitions that have a foundation underneath them.

Therefore, when starting the construction of a house in which an attic is planned, you need to think in advance about the location of the internal capital partitions.

For a house with an attic, a layered system is best option, since the beams covering the house will be firmly and securely fastened to the walls and partitions.

When constructing a broken attic roof structure, you can use a combined version of the rafter system, that is, use elements of both a hanging and layered system.

Attic design

When drawing up a project for the construction of any type of attic, it is recommended to consider it in different projections in order to clearly determine the location of all supporting elements. When calculating all the parameters of the attic, they must be immediately included in the project.

Based on the calculations made, the locations and methods of installation of all structural elements of the rafter system are determined. Calculation is also necessary to accurately determine the materials needed for the construction of the attic and their parameters.

Design elements

Any of the wooden structures of the attic roof consists of certain elements that are connected to each other by connecting nodes having various configurations. To better understand the design of these connections, it is recommended to draw each of them, and when making installation work- Be sure to have this drawing on hand.

The design of a sloping mansard roof includes the following components of the system:

• Mauerlat - element, made from wooden beams and laid on the main walls of the building in its length. It serves to evenly distribute the load from the rafter system structure onto the wall and foundation. Rafter legs are installed and secured to the Mauerlat. This element is mounted both in a gable and in a sloping attic roof structure.
• Floor beams, which are laid on the main walls of the building and form the basis for the future attic floor and the ceiling of the first floor, as well as for the installation of the entire rafter system.
• The rafter leg consists of one straight element - bar or boards in a gable roof, or from two parts - in a broken structure. In a sloping attic roof, the upper part, fixed to the ridge, is called the ridge, and the lower part, which forms the walls of the attic, is called the side. Obviously, the side leg will be installed according to the layered principle, while the upper ridge rafter usually becomes hanging
• For the ridge, a beam or board of a certain thickness is used. Sometimes they do without this by connecting the upper ridge parts of the rafter legs, which form the ridge.
• Racks are the supporting elements of the system. They support the rafter legs and relieve some of the load from the walls and foundation of the building. The racks will later become the sheathing for the walls, which will be installed during the finishing of the attic.
• Bevels or other elements installed diagonally are additional supports that fasten the rafters and supporting beams, making the design of the system more reliable.
• Between the rafter legs, for rigidity, bars are installed, called inter-rafter purlins - they also give rigidity to the system.

Carrying out basic calculations of the attic

It is quite difficult to independently develop a mansard roof project, since this process requires certain knowledge and skills in designing and carrying out specific architectural calculations. If you make mistakes, the attic structure will be unreliable, and in addition, its weight can damage the walls and foundation of the building.

Everything must be taken into account in the calculations - from the beginning of construction to the finishing of the premises.

However, if the design is not too complex, then you can try to cope on your own.

Calculation of ridge height

Size usable area attic space depends on the height of the roof ridge, and the latter is determined by the selected slope of the slopes - the smaller this angle, the lower the ceiling and, accordingly, the smaller effective area attic space.

N=L× tgα

N— ridge height;

L- ½ the width of the building (if we are talking about a gable symmetrical roof);

α - angle of inclination of the rafter system slope.

Diagram - for clarity

As an example, you can substitute the data used in the formula above:

Building size 8×10 m, slope angle 30°, tangent 30°= 0.58

H = 8/2 × 0.58 = 2.32 m

The height of the ridge will be equal to 2,32 m.

The process and all other related parameters are described in great detail, with all possible nuances and necessary reference tables, from a separate publication devoted specifically to this issue.

Attic interior space area

The technique used to determine the area of ​​the attic space will make it possible to calculate the amount required material for the construction of a rafter system, for insulation and finishing. Particularly accurate calculations are important if the attic will be used for arranging additional living rooms, since they require special design.

Usually the entire area of ​​the room under the roof is calculated, that is, both useful and the so-called "deaf". The living space is limited by installed racks, which will be the basis for the installation and finishing material of the walls. The area behind them is considered deaf, that is, most often not used.

The total area is calculated quite simply: the width of the overhangs on both sides is added to the width of the building. The resulting amount is multiplied by the length of the building.

The area of ​​the living space is also easy to find: to do this, you need to measure the width of the attic space between the racks installed under one and the other roof slope, and multiply the resulting parameter by the length of the attic from gable to gable.

Roofing area

In order to determine in advance the amount of roofing material, it is necessary to calculate the total area of ​​the roof slopes.

If you decide to install a broken or even more complex structure, you need to calculate the area of ​​​​all sections of the roof. To do this, you need to divide it into separate geometric shapes, and then calculate the area of ​​each of them and add up the results.

For those who do not firmly remember the formulas for calculating the areas of flat figures, a diagram is provided - a “cheat sheet”.

Shed roof area

If the attic roof is pitched, then its area can be calculated using the formula: Sabcd = Lcd × Lbd.

The area of ​​one slope - nothing could be simpler

Pay attention to the picture. When calculating, not only length and width are taken into account truss structure slope - we must not forget about the eaves overhangs on all sides.

Gable roof

With a symmetrical arrangement of roof slopes, for calculations gable roof All that remains is to multiply the value obtained above by two.

For example, let's take the same example discussed above. The size of the building is 10×8 m. The angle of the slope is 30°, the height of the ridge H = 2.32 m. It is easy to determine the length of the rafters - S

S = Н / sin α = 2.32 / 0.5 = 4.64 m

We accept cornice overhang 0,7 m, gable overhang 0,7 m. Using the formula for a pitched roof, the area of ​​one slope is calculated.

(10 + 2×0.7) × (4.64 + 0.7) = 60.88 m²

Then, to get the total area of ​​​​the two slopes, the resulting result is multiplied by two.

Q = 121.76 m²

This technique is intended for calculating the continuous surface of slopes, without taking into account windows, ventilation ducts and chimneys.

If the roof has a very complex structure, then it is better not to take risks and still seek help from professionals who will make the necessary calculations using special computer applications.

When using slate, soft roofing, and other profile materials, you can use a simplified calculation formula.

Let's start from the picture:

So, the following formula is applicable for calculation:

Q= K × (B + 2A) × (L+2C)

Q— required amount roofing;

IN — width of the building (along the gable wall);

A— the width of the planned roof eaves;

L- total length of the building;

C- width of the side overhangs of the roof.

TO is a coefficient that takes into account the angle of inclination of the slope relative to the horizon (α). By and large, it is a trigonometric function secant (sec), equal to the reciprocal of cosα.

In order not to go deep into theory, it’s easier to give a table of the coefficient TO in absolute, that is, numerical dimension:

Tilt angle, degrees	Factor K	Tilt angle, degrees	Factor K	Tilt angle, degrees	Factor K	Tilt angle, degrees	Factor K
1	1.0002	18	1.0515	36	1.2361	53	1.6616
2	1.0006	19	1.0576	37	1.2521	54	1.7013
3	1.0014	20	1.0642	38	1.2690	55	1.7434
4	1.0024	21	1.0711	39	1.2868	56	1.7883
5	1.0038	22	1.0785	40	1.3054	57	1.8361
6	1.0055	23	1.0864	41	1.3250	58	1.8871
7	1.0075	24	1.0946	42	1.3456	59	1.9416
8	1.0098	25	1.1034	43	1.3673	60	2.0000
9	1.0125	26	1.1126	44	1.3902	61	2.0627
10	1.0154	27	1.1223	45	1.4142	62	2.1301
11	1.0187	28	1.1326	46	1.4396	63	2.2027
12	1.0223	29	1.1434	47	1.4663	64	2.2812
13	1.0263	30	1.1547	48	1.4945	65	2.3662
14	1.0306	31	1.1666	49	1.5243	66	2.4586
15	1.0353	32	1.1792	50	1.5557	67	2.5593
16	1.0403	33	1.1924	51	1.5890	68	2.6695
17	1.0457	34	1.2062	52	1.6243	69	2.7904
		35	1.2208			70	2.9238

Let's return to our example:

Q= 1.1547 × (8 + 2 × 0.7) × (10+2 × 0.7) = 123.74 m²

Taking into account overlaps slate sheets - the result is almost the same as in calculations carried out by another method. Of course, on advice experienced builders, to the resulting area when purchasing roofing material, another 10 ÷ 15 should be added %

(The figure shows a gable roof, however, the formula is fully suitable for calculations with the required level of accuracy for single-pitch or hip roofs. However, with a caveat - hip roof The steepness of the main and side slopes must match. If not, then the calculation is carried out for each pair of slopes separately, and then the value is summed).

Total weight of troping system and roofing

It is equally important to correctly select the optimal material for the roofing and correctly make the sheathing for it. This calculation is carried out taking into account the length of the rafters and their slope angle.

The lathing for roofing material can be sparse, mixed or solid. For example, metal tiles, corrugated sheets or slate are fixed to a sparse sheathing, and soft roof- only for continuous.

When choosing a roof, you need to obtain information about its performance characteristics. The durability and reliability of the roof structure will depend on them. Roofing material must also be selected taking into account the specific region and its climatic conditions, especially factors such as temperature changes and strong winds.

An important factor is the weight of the roofing, especially if the attic roof is installed on old walls. Therefore, you should estimate the weight of the roof in advance and find out how much the load on the building structure will increase, and whether it will be acceptable.

Roofing material for attic roof	Roof slope	Material weight kg/m²
Asbestos cement slate sheets with medium profile	From 1:10 to 1:2	11
Slate with reinforced profile	From 1:5 to 1:1	13
Bituminous shingles	From 1:10 and more	6 - 8
Soft roofing with continuous sheathing	From 1:10 and more	9 - 15
Galvanized metal sheets with single folds	From 1:4 and more	3 - 6,5
Double folded	From 1:5 and more	3 - 6,5
Ceramic tiles	From 1:5 to 1:0.5	50 - 60
Cement-sand tiles	From 1:5 to 1:0.5	45 - 70
Metal tiles	From 1:5 and more	5 - 7
Ondulin	From 1:10 and more	3 - 3,5

Most often, soft roofing or ondulin is used to cover attics, since these materials are among those that have the lightest weight and are easy to install.

For example, you can calculate the weight of 1 square meter of roofing, where ondulin is used for covering, taking into account the sheathing and insulation - sprayed polyurethane foam. To do this, you need to find the sum of the weight of each of the materials and multiply by a factor of 1.1 (this factor takes into account the overlap on adjacent sheets of roofing material).

• The weight of a flat sheathing, 20 mm thick (plywood or OSB) is 14 kg/m².
• Insulation – polyurethane foam, 100 mm thick, has average weight 3 kg/m²
• The average weight of ondulin is 3.3 kg/m²

We get in total:

(14 + 3 + 3.3) × 1.1=22.3kg/m²

To calculate the total weight load of the roof on the walls, you need to multiply the weight of one square meter by the area of ​​the entire covering. In our example this will work:

M = 123.74 × 22.3 = 2751.82 kg.

A lot - almost 3 tons - only very light roof covering with lathing and also a very light type of insulation.

But this is not all! The roof is subject to snow loads in winter, plus wind pressure all year round. These parameters are also necessarily taken into account when calculating the necessary wooden structural elements of the rafter system and floor beams, and when taking into account the total load of the roof structure on the walls and foundation of the building.

— Then, the entire system is covered with a vapor barrier film, which is secured to the joists with staples.

— Boards or plywood sheets can be laid on top of it.

— Decorative covering is laid on them - it can be linoleum, laminate, parquet board and other materials.

Additional insulation can be created by laying electric cable or infrared heated floors under the decorative covering. It is better to read about these possibilities separately in the article dedicated to

• If the floor is mounted on floor beams, you will have to work from the side of the first floor.

— On the side of the lower room, boards are mounted on the floor beams. It is desirable that they be smooth; you can even use a floorboard for the subfloor.

— After that, a vapor barrier film is laid on these boards from the attic side, which will cover not only the subfloor, but also the floor beams.

— Another layer of vapor barrier is laid on top of it and attached to the beams.

- Then, logs are attached to this covering perpendicular to the beams.

— Another layer of insulation is installed between the joists; it is better to choose mineral wool for it, since it, when straightened, fits tightly between the bars, leaving no voids.

— Then it should also be covered with a vapor barrier material.

If you decide to cover the floor with one of decorative coatings, then plywood sheets are laid on top of the logs, and then laminate, linoleum or other materials are laid on them. Again, nothing prevents you from using, for example, film floor heating in this case.

Installation of insulation on the walls and ceiling of the attic

Having finished installing the floor, you can proceed to installing the insulation on the walls.

— If material in mats is selected for this process, then before laying it, sheets of vapor barrier material are fixed to the rafters.

It is fixed in such a way as to cover the entire space and deepen it between the rafters.

If the vapor barrier is fixed on the other side of the rafters, then the mats will independently adhere between two wooden surfaces.

— If one of them is selected, then there is no need to attach a vapor barrier film under it. Waterproofing, which is laid on the rafters on the outside of the structure, will be sufficient.

Spraying polyurethane foam - quickly and efficiently, but requires special equipment and work skills

To use this insulation technology, you must have special technological equipment, or you will have to invite a specialist who will do the work in one day. It is not easy to carry out this operation on your own without experience - in order to complete the work without harming your health, you need to know the technology of the process and have the necessary protective equipment.

After the insulation work has been carried out, the walls are sheathed.

Prices for popular types of insulation

Insulation

Attic wall decoration

Before you start decorating the walls, it is necessary to resolve the issue of electrical wiring, the cable of which must be well insulated using double-layer corrugated pipes.

Once the electrical cable has been laid out, you can safely begin installing the finishing material.

Usually used for finishing wooden lining, drywall or plywood with a beautiful textured pattern.

For any of the specified materials, it is advisable to make a sheathing of slats on the rafter legs and vertical posts with a cross-sectional area of ​​approximately 20 × 70 mm. These guides are fixed in increments of 500 ÷ 600 mm. In addition to the fact that the sheathing of slats becomes the basis for attaching the finishing, it also forms a ventilation gap between the finishing material and the vapor barrier.

• made quite simply. It makes the walls smooth and neat, ready for painting, pasting with traditional wallpaper or even applying liquid wallpaper.

Therefore, plasterboard finishing should be chosen by those homeowners who like to frequently change the interior design of their premises.

• Finishing walls with clapboard is a longer and more labor-intensive process than. For such cladding, a lathing with the above parameters is also perfect. The only thing you need to think about is the direction of the lining boards, that is, it should be located vertically with the sheathing oriented horizontally and vice versa.

If desired, after installation the wood can be coated with water-based varnish or given a deeper color using stain.

Wood is an amazing material that can create a special atmosphere in a room with the aroma of the forest, which has a positive effect on the structure and well-being of the residents. That is why natural lining is very often chosen for cladding the floor, walls and ceiling of the attic.

Video: insulating an attic space and finishing it with clapboard

• You can come up with a wonderful finish using plywood. But only if it will not be covered with paint on top, then you need to choose quality material, having a beautiful natural pattern. Plywood is installed much faster than lining, and makes the walls even, covering large surfaces at once.

This material can be covered with varnish, paint or any type of wallpaper, but you can leave the walls in their natural state, only by carefully cleaning out possible defects in the form of protruding splinters or burrs.

Building an attic is a rather labor-intensive and complex process that requires high experience in the construction craft. If no one has any idea about the above-described technological operations, then you shouldn’t undertake it yourself - it’s better to invite professional craftsmen to carry out the work. They will get rid of unnecessary problems and will build the attic according to the project conceived by the owner of the house.

Video: example of construction and finishing of an attic

Many people have a summer cottage outside the city and build large and small houses on it so that they have somewhere to come and relax on the weekends, or even for the whole summer. Usually these are one-story buildings, a residential cabin or a full-fledged attic house. The last option is considered the most practical, since under the roof, instead of a dark and narrow attic, there is a beautiful, light residential second floor. In addition to purely practical considerations, this type of second floor looks very beautiful and provides more opportunities for decorating the facade of the building. The result, as a rule, is a beautiful, cozy house with a comfortable and habitable second floor and an attic. Projects, photos from the Internet and in the developer’s company catalog will help you get the desired result.

A spacious terrace adds even more beauty and practicality to a house with an attic. Source yandex.ru

Pros and cons of houses with an attic

Even ordinary attic house designs are widespread and valued for their undeniable advantages:

• low construction and installation costs compared to a full second floor;
• almost doubling the usable area of ​​the building;
• there is no heat loss through the attic;
• labor-intensive installation of communications that does not require additional equipment or input;
• An increase in free space gives rise to the fantasies of the owners of the house - this is an opportunity to build a swimming pool on the freed-up area of ​​the first floor or make a garage without an extension, and if you start planning the attic, you can place a billiard room or a studio on it to embody creative ideas.

Despite so many advantages, houses with an attic also have certain disadvantages:

• requirement to preserve technology and correct calculation when choosing all materials, since errors entail loss of heat, sound insulation properties, usable area in the case of stairs, condensation formation, and the likelihood of fungus formation;
• increased cost of constructing windows - attic windows have a special design;
• there is a possibility that if there is a large amount of snow that has fallen, you will be left without solar lighting in the attic

In snowy weather you will have to limit yourself to artificial lighting Source orto30.ru

Basic rules for designing a house with an attic

It seems that beautiful houses with an attic are simple both in design and construction, but this opinion is wrong. When installing a structure of this type, certain rules and technologies must be observed. Otherwise, the attic will be cold, noisy, damp and not as large as imagined. To avoid such a result, during design and construction you need to know and take into account the features of an attic house.

Despite the fact that the attic is the placement of the second floor directly under the roof, you must comply with the regulations, which say that the height from floor to ceiling must be at least 2.5 m. This must be taken into account when designing the shape of the roof, which is made broken - when one part is located at an angle of no more than 30 degrees, and the second - at least 70. This technique in some cases increases the useful volume by 90%.

It is important to properly think through the communication system. If it is planned in the attic water heating, placement of the bathroom, you need to calculate the required water pressure and install a pump corresponding to the obtained parameters.

When heating the attic with water, you will have to raise the boiler for gravity flow of water, or install a pump in the system. Source kd3.ru

To place electrical wires, special fireproof channels are provided in the walls or on their surface.

When designing, the weight of all partitions and windows is taken into account. Whenever possible, they are made from lightweight materials to reduce the load on the walls and foundation.

One of the advantages of an attic is that it can be designed and installed instead of the roof of an already finished one-story house. Some try to use this opportunity and modernize the house on their own, but they forget that the foundation, ceilings and walls were designed for the same loads, and installing an attic significantly increases them. As a result, cracks appear and the house gradually collapses. For this reason, if it is necessary to carry out such work, you must contact specialized construction companies whose employees have sufficient experience to properly strengthen the walls and foundation and equip the house mansard type according to all the rules.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Advantages of houses with an attic and a garage under one roof

To the basic amenities on a summer cottage, in addition to a house with the necessary utilities and space for a vegetable garden, today there is a garage in which you can leave your iron horse while you relax. A full-fledged country house with an attic, photo below, has everything you need for a comfortable stay.

Often a garage is a mandatory attribute country house Source barilgachin.mn

It is even more necessary if the family lives outside the city all the time or most of the time - shuttle buses do not travel so often and quickly, but a car allows you to maintain mobility.

If area land plot is insufficient for the construction of a large building with a separate garage, then to solve this problem it is worth considering simple projects attic houses with garage. A house of this type involves placing a garage and utility rooms on the ground floor, and living rooms on the second floor. This choice has many advantages:

• optimal placement on a site with a small area;
• placing space for a car inside the house reduces construction costs by up to 30%;
• an indoor garage door increases comfort and safety;
• The garage located inside the house saves heating costs.

The freed up space can be used with greater benefit - to arrange a playground, a place to relax, a greenhouse, winter Garden, just a flowerbed or gazebo.

Video description

See the video for a few more projects of houses with an attic and a garage:

Staircase device

Naturally, projects of simple attic houses should contain plans for installing a staircase to the second floor. A correctly calculated and placed staircase is the key to the success of all work on building a house.

An attic house can be equipped with several types of stairs leading to the second floor:

• hanging;
• screw;
• marching.

Most often, the area of ​​the attic house is minimal, so the staircase is designed to be small. Spiral and suspended staircases are more suitable for such requirements. They do not differ much from each other in terms of space occupied, but they are different in design. Screw ones are similar in appearance to a spiral, look presentable and unusual in comparison with other staircases, attract the attention of guests and children, but are more difficult to calculate and install. True, it is quite possible to order a ready-made staircase - its cost will simply be added to the estimate.

You can also order a hanging staircase in the same way. Its main difference is that such a ladder does not have support on the lower horizontal plane or rests on two “legs”. Usually create wooden structure, consisting of transverse steps secured in two strings or forming. They have a simple appearance.

Hanging staircase is the ultimate space saver Source metasold.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

In turn, a flight of stairs is a straight or curved structure that takes up maximum space, but at the same time it has the greatest strength and durability. This type of stairs is used in attic buildings that have a relatively large area, because otherwise its placement is impractical.

Since dwellings with an attic most often have a small area, it is important to ensure that the stairs do not interfere with movement around the house. Places for approaches and distances between the structure and the doors must be planned.

Source specstroyka-info.ru

Types of roofs for houses with an attic

One of the most important parts of an attic house is the type of roof. It is this parameter that mainly determines the area of ​​the second floor. Meet:

1. Shed roof (one plane at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the horizon - rarely used, since the second floor occupies up to 50% of the area of ​​the first).
2. Gable (consists of two planes of the roofing structure located under acute angle to each other, are used more often, allow you to occupy 67% of the area of ​​the first floor).
3. Hip and half-hip (a complex type of roof, consisting of four surfaces located at an angle to the walls of the house and to each other, retains the area up to 60% relative to the first floor).
4. Broken (a common type of roof, consisting of four surfaces installed alternately at an obtuse angle to each other, retains almost the entire area relative to the first floor).

Different types of roofing structures have their own advantages and disadvantages, which are important in different types of climate. From the point of view of insulation and the possible penetration of water inside, resistance snow loads, more practical are sloping, hip, or half-hip roofs.

Types of roofs of attic houses Source mauro-gianvanni.ru

Projects of attic houses with a pitched roof are recommended when you need housing that will not take up much space. A gable roof allows not only to equip an attic floor, but also to use an attic space of sufficient volume.

Insulation of the attic

The most important thing for comfortable living on the attic floor is the choice of high-quality insulation and waterproofing. In this case, depending on the roof design, the insulation is placed under the roofing material, between it and the ceiling of the room and between the facade and interior walls.

When choosing insulation, you need to consider the following factors:

• vapor permeability of the material (should be as high as possible);
• thermal conductivity coefficient of the material (must be minimal);
• resistance to heat penetration;
• material service life;
• insulation density.

The following materials are known for insulating attic floors:

What mistakes are made during thermal insulation - see in the video:

When choosing wool for insulating an attic, you need to ensure that moisture does not get into it under any circumstances. A membrane is glued to the beams, capable of breathing towards the street and not allowing moisture to pass in the opposite direction. Cotton wool is installed under the membrane, protected from below by a vapor barrier, a breathable film in both directions. With this method of insulation, the wool will be protected from water entering through the roof and will release accumulated fumes from the house to the outside.

In the CIS countries, construction standards stipulate that the minimum thickness of insulation is 250 mm. If this parameter is reduced, the room will not be sufficiently insulated and will require additional heating costs.

Finishing the attic inside the house

When everything is planned from the outside, projects small houses with an attic they cook from the inside. When choosing a style and finishing methods, you need to consider the following factors:

• type of roof;
• room area;
• type of room;
• placement of stairs;
• staircase area;
• ceiling shape;
• room height;
• parameters of furniture placed in the attic.

Many approach the choice of interior style from a practical point of view. They try to make it beautiful, unique, comfortable and interesting with minimal effort, money and time.

Attic design option - simple and tasteful Source gmispace.com

Decorate the attic room in eclectic or country style. These interiors do not require additional finishing. The walls and roof can be left as is, having previously protected all wooden parts with a special varnish. Mineral coatings can be opened with water-repellent liquids or painted. The windows are left bare, the floor is covered with carpets, rugs or skins. Furniture uses the simplest designs.

In this case, one of the most common examples of the design of an attic floor is given. But everyone should do what is convenient for their family. The main thing is to take into account all the listed requirements when designing in order to avoid mistakes.

Video description

Several examples of attic floor design in the video:

Conclusion

The attic is very romantic, bright, cozy place, loved by everyone since childhood. But when designing the second floor of the attic type, you need to take into account every little detail, every requirement and every number. This work is not easy. Only professional builders and designers can master it efficiently.

Low-rise housing has recently not been associated with budget housing. Today, small private houses most often appear in elite villages. And designers are already offering standard and individual projects. The greatest demand today is for house designs with an attic floor. At the same time, the presence of a full-fledged living space under the roof remains a prerequisite, since the attic is an excellent way not to waste free space.

What is an attic?

Typically a loft is a large open space that can be used for a variety of purposes, such as living space or a loft. The main difference between these two rooms is that the attic is an unheated storage space for storing old and unnecessary things. A The attic is a full-fledged recreation room.

Although, according to BTI documents, the height of the ceilings in the attic should be from 1.5 to 2.5 meters. If the walls are lower, then this is an attic, and if higher, then this is a full-fledged residential floor. But when preparing documents for a house, keep in mind that the functionality of the under-roof space is subject to separate taxes. Thus, the attic is not included in the general living area, and a house with an attic on the roof is regarded as a two-story cottage.

From design features The internal usable area of ​​the attic floor depends on the house and roof. Here you can arrange a guest bedroom, a children's area, a study with a library or a winter garden.

Before you begin construction or improvement of the attic, you need to decide on the type of roof:

• Shed - the ceiling of such an attic has an inclined shape, and the room itself remains small and cramped. And such attics are built very rarely.
• Gable or gable is perhaps the most popular option when building country houses. The roof slopes are connected at an angle by a ridge.

• Broken - a unique type of gable roof. The free space in this case is increased due to the complicated roof structure.
• Hip-slope - allows you to place 4 windows on each roof slope.
• Single-level with external consoles is a complex type of roof that cannot be done on your own unless you have special skills and knowledge. Such asymmetrical roofs are relatively less common than all others. In such an attic you can place two or three spacious rooms.

At the same time, before the intersection of the slopes, the ceiling height should reach 1.5 meters, otherwise it will be uncomfortable to be in such a small room. The most optimal figure is 2.5 meters.

Low ceilings can create the illusion of an enclosed space. In addition, according to psychologists, in a small dark room a person feels like in confined space, which has a negative impact on the psyche and mood.

Any roof space can be converted into an attic. When choosing a roof type, consider the loads on support structures log houses and foundations. Without this, it is impossible to draw up a project for the attic floor. The height and width of the roof are also taken into account. And no matter what purpose you choose for the attic: residential or non-residential, you must comply with separate rules and regulations of construction. But it is still recommended, even at the stage of developing the plan for the future house, to work out the option of arranging the attic, this will allow you to use the additional space to the maximum.

The main requirements for the attic:

• insulation – the additional room must be warm;
• high-quality waterproofing - you can’t do without a layer of waterproofing material; when arranging the attic, you must be sure that rainwater will not get inside the room;
• vapor barrier - does not allow condensation to form due to the difference in temperature indoors and outdoors;

• lighting is the key to coziness and comfort;
• sound insulation - raindrops hitting the roof or snow melting in early spring can become a serious problem for a comfortable and relaxing holiday;
• the layout and division of space into separate zones must be properly planned.

How to arrange the outside?

A private house with an attic can be built from foam blocks, brick or timber. But all roof elements must be light and durable. You should not use concrete and stone - they will create additional load on the floors. The most suitable materials for roof cladding - metal tiles, slate. Mineral wool or basalt slabs can be used as insulation.

The facade of the house must fit into the surrounding area and correspond to the landscape of the site. Therefore you can use decorative finishing: siding, tiles, artificial brick or stone.

A square private house is an excellent option not only for seasonal summer cottage, and also for permanent residence. In such a room it is easier to arrange the interior space and harmoniously place all the necessary zones. And so that the outside of such a house does not look like a squat cube, attach an open or closed veranda near the porch. Bay windows, columns or a balcony on the attic floor will also help to dilute the boring appearance.

Zoning rules

The room under the roof may have a non-standard shape: broken, triangular, with asymmetrical sides, and so on. But this will not prevent you from arranging a study, a relaxation room, an additional bedroom, a library or a winter garden in the attic.

Designers also offer two ways to design an attic:

• use roof slopes as walls;
• cover the walls and ceiling with plasterboard, creating a room of a regular rectangular shape.

The main thing is that being in the room is warm and comfortable.

House 6 x 6 m

A building with an area of ​​6 x 6 m is considered excellent option for a garden house. If a one-story house with an attic is built, the total area will be about 50 m2. This is quite enough for a seasonal residence of a family of 3-4 people. But to avoid clutter at home, you need to plan the space, as well as choose the right furniture:

• Built-in cabinet furniture and spacious storage systems in the hallway will help relieve space in the rooms.
• To save space, you can also use the space under the stairs to create a small storage room.

• In the additional space on the attic floor you can also find a free corner for storing household appliances.
• You can increase the living space of your home using closed terrace, which can be used as a summer kitchen.
• It is better to make the bathroom common, and install a shower instead of a bathtub - for living in the warm summer and on weekends it will be quite enough even for a large family.

Main advantages small house are a quick process of building construction, as well as savings on utility bills.

House 6 x 8 m

In a house with an area of ​​6 x 8 m, you can confidently accommodate one additional bedroom and a dressing room. The design of such a house is not much different from the layout of a 6x6 meter house:

• The hallway can smoothly transition into the kitchen-living room - this is the best option for modern design Houses. And besides, the combined room looks more spacious and impressive.
• On the ground floor you can also place two bedrooms and a bathroom.
• Attic floor can be used as a workshop, office or a separate room for storing seasonal items.

House 6 x 9 m

The size of the house with an area of ​​6 x 9 meters is not too large, but still allows you to accommodate several full-fledged zones:

• On the ground floor you can place a spacious hallway with spacious storage systems for outerwear.
• The kitchen and living room can be combined in one space or separated by partitions.
• It is recommended to combine the bathroom and use a shower for guests instead of a bath.

House 12 x 13 m

The house with an area of ​​12 by 13 meters is optimal choice for a comfortable stay for a large family:

• Each family member can be assigned a separate spacious room.
• On the ground floor you can place a kitchen-living room, two bedrooms and a separate bathroom.
• There will also be space on the ground floor for a boiler room or a small storage room.
• And in the spacious attic there is room for another bedroom, a children's area or a study.

With this layout, it is most reasonable to install a staircase in the hallway to avoid walk-through spaces.

What should be inside?

A private house gives the owner freedom to choose the layout and design. And based on the available area of ​​the house, the attic space can be equipped for residential or non-residential purposes.

The main stages of arranging the attic floor:

• Drawing up a plan for the future home - when creating a project, the dimensions of the room are taken into account.
• Selection and calculation of building materials for internal and exterior finishing Houses.
• Insulation, lighting and waterproofing of the attic floor.
• Construction internal partitions for zoning and dividing the premises into separate rooms.
• Finishing the ceiling, walls and floor of each zone

The developed attic project must necessarily indicate the materials that you will use for the interior and exterior decoration of the floor, as well as insulation and waterproofing

What rooms can be placed on the attic floor:

• bedroom;
• children's room;
• office or library;
• guest bedroom;
• home cinema;
• dressing room;
• winter Garden;
• Gym;
• hobby room or workshop.

To make from an ordinary attic cozy attic, it is necessary to insulate the room. And you can’t do without additional thermal insulation. Features and rules for installing insulation:

• Vapor barrier materials should not allow moisture generated by evaporation in the room to pass through.
• All thermal insulation materials must be intended for residential premises.
• It is also necessary to arrange windows so that natural light enters the room. Windows must be well insulated to reduce heat loss.

When arranging the attic Special attention attention should be paid not only to insulation, but also to ventilation. In this case Experts offer three solutions:

• skylights in the sloping part of the pitched roof;
• air conditioner;
• supply and exhaust ventilation.

You can develop a project and build a house with an attic with your own hands, but for this you need to have certain skills and abilities. And also be sure to follow the basic recommendations and construction standards:

• You cannot add an attic to a finished house. It is necessary to verify in advance the reliability and strength of the foundation and ceilings. It is possible that additional structural strengthening will be required before constructing the attic.
• The attic floor must be reinforced reliable design, have additional supports, walls or columns.
• For safety reasons, when designing an attic, it is imperative to provide an external staircase from the street side to the balcony or to the window. Any additional structure will ensure safe evacuation in case of emergency.

Recently, more and more often, during the construction of private houses, the attic space under the roof is equipped as a living space. The first such arrangement option was proposed by the French architect Francois Mansart, so the room was called an attic.

Peculiarities

Due to its non-standard size and shape, the attic brings many difficulties when planning.

The design of the attic floor depends on the functional purpose of the room. Here you can arrange any interior: a relaxation area with a home cinema, a children's room, a bedroom, a study. First of all, the attic arrangement project must take into account the wishes of the owners, the dimensions of the room and the height of the ceiling.

One of the features of the attic floor in wooden house are sloping walls. The shape of the attic space is influenced by the slope of the roof. In a private building, it can be single-pitch or gable; less common are options with a hipped or sloping roof.

The following factors can become distinctive features of the attic:

• low ceiling;
• rafters and roof beams;
• a large number of angles;
• ladder;
• small number of windows;
• Difficulty in establishing communications. As a rule, the attic is not heated, especially in the country.

The attic floor allows owners to get real benefits from turning it into a living space, since the usable area increases and heat loss decreases.

Taking into account all the features, experts advise when arranging this territory to fulfill the following requirements:

• Roof insulation outside and inside.
• Summing up engineering communications: electricity, ventilation, air conditioning systems.
• Only specialists can reconstruct rafters, so if the project provides for this, it is better to use their services.
• A rational approach to the use of beams, roof slopes, and support posts in the interior.

• Smart lighting scheme. It is necessary to consider the location of windows and their sizes. Designers suggest taking advantage of the option of installing vertical windows or in lucarnes (the so-called dormer window).
• Use moisture-resistant materials when finishing.
• Consider the ability of the floors to support the weight of all structural additions and furniture.
• Do not clutter the space.

Preparation

Before turning the attic floor of a country house into a functional room, you first need to design the interior. When preparing, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances: the shape of the ceiling and walls, the presence or absence of communications, the possibility of connecting additional engineering systems, degree of illumination and the like.

In the simplest case, when global changes are not needed, only cosmetic repairs are carried out, which are aimed at improving the non-residential premises.

A lot depends on the shape of the roof, it can be broken, beveled, domed, lean-to and gable. Therefore, there are always open rafters and beams inside. Some designers use these elements when decorating the interior, focusing on them, others suggest hiding them, but provided that the ceiling height allows.

The simplest finishing option is wood. For this they use available material in the form of lining, wooden panels or edged boards. The modern construction market also offers wooden wallpaper or a block house.

At the initial stage, it is necessary to establish a communication system. The task will be simplified if the attic is located above the kitchen or bathroom on the first floor. Installation must be done correctly, so if you do not have the necessary skills and permits for this, it is better to seek help from professionals.

Insulating an attic space is an important process. If the attic will be used regularly, and not just during the summer season, then thermal insulation is necessary. This will prevent condensation, improve the microclimate, and allow you to feel comfortable in the warmth of your home. Insulation is carried out not only from the inside, but also from the outside. Soundproofing the floor is necessary in some cases, but it also serves as thermal insulation.

The next step in landscaping the attic is replacing old windows and installing new ones.

As a rule, there is initially only one attic window. When arranging an attic, it is important to ensure good lighting of the room, so it is better if there are more of them. Experts recommend placing them on different walls for greater efficiency. The light level can be adjusted by the ratio of the glass surface area.

A special feature of dormer windows is the width of the windows, which cannot exceed the distance between the rafters. The length depends on the roof slope.

Depending on the installation method, windows are classified into vertical, inclined and for flat roofs. The last two types should be made of tempered glass to protect them from hail.

Sloping double-glazed windows are installed in the same plane with the roof slope, which increases the light intensity by 30% or more.

To install a vertical window, you must first install a structure in the form of a birdhouse with an individual roof. The throughput is lower than that of inclined ones.

If you plan to independently replace old windows with modern ones, plan their dimensions and installation location in advance.

Installation begins with cutting out a window opening in the roof slope. If the tie-in occurs between the rafters, then it is better to provide a distance of at least 10 cm from them to the window.

Old houses were equipped with mortise window frames.Modern technologies allow the installation of new double-glazed windows with tempered glass, providing increased strength. Opening mechanisms are being improved, which makes it possible to rotate frames around any axis, and this can be done not only manually, but also using a remote control.

Dormer windows solve several functional problems: they illuminate the room with natural light, provide ventilation and improve the microclimate.

Panoramic designs allow you to increase the luminous flux, introduce an original decorative element, and get aesthetic pleasure from the landscape. Modern technologies have made it possible to install different types of windows, for example, transforming into a mini-balcony. The variety of forms that manufacturers produce is amazing. Less and less used simple lines, windows in the shape of a circle, semicircle, corner, and asymmetric began to be more common.

For decoration of attic window designs It is better to use special blinds or roller shutters. They are available both internal and external. If the interior is supposed to have textile curtains, then in order to hold them in the desired position, there are various holders, linings, supports and fasteners.

Ceiling finishing

When landscaping an attic, you can use any known methods and materials to finish the ceiling.

Stretch ceilings are recommended to be used only if there is sufficient wall height, otherwise there is a risk of frequent damage. This option is very convenient, since the canvas, due to its light weight, does not have a big effect on the structure, allows you to hide elements of utility lines and rafters, and allows you to get creative with lighting using built-in lamps.

photos

Drywall is one of the affordable and simple finishing methods. With its help you can get any shapes, for example, multi-level ceiling with various drops and protrusions. Drywall allows you to level surfaces before wallpapering or painting.

Tree - traditional material for finishing the attic space. For the ceiling use lining or wooden panels. The wallpaper on the ceiling looks original. It should be remembered that the surface must be leveled before gluing.

Floor covering

As a rule, special requirements are imposed on the floor on the upper floors.

First of all, it must provide good sound insulation. To do this, it is necessary to mount the sheathing and fill it with a heat insulator in the form of slabs, for example, mineral wool. It also performs waterproofing functions. Cover the structure on top pine boards, you can use larch material. It is recommended to treat the resulting flooring with an antiseptic.

Floor coverings are very diverse. For these purposes, any finishing material is used: linoleum, parquet boards, laminate, carpet, ceramic tiles. Experts advise not to skimp on the quality of the coating, since low-grade materials will require immediate replacement.

When decorating an attic, you cannot refuse such decorative elements as carpets. They serve as insulation and also decorate any interior, adding comfort. The size of the carpets does not have to be large and cover the entire floor; small models near the bed, sofa, or bath are sufficient.

Walls

Wood is the most popular material for decorating attic walls. It improves the microclimate and serves as thermal insulation. Lining is the leader in use. It is produced in several versions, is affordable and easy to process. There are several installation methods that allow you to make the walls decorative: horizontal, vertical, diagonal, in a circle, herringbone. The lining is coated with varnish on top to leave a natural wood pattern or painted in different colors.

More a budget option– finishing with wooden panels. These can be laminated models, veneered chipboard or MDF.

Modern version– wooden wallpaper, which consists of a base with strips of coniferous wood glued onto it. This material reduces repair time.

The block house is also in demand for wall cladding in country houses, in particular in the attic. Its rounded front surface imitates a natural log or timber.

Plastic panels are appropriate when decorating bathrooms or kitchens on the attic floor. They will protect against dirt and moisture. In addition, their color scheme embodies any design ideas.

Recently, designers have often offered unique, seamless wall drapery with fabric. An attic made in this way will become unique.

The loft style in the interior of the attic presupposes the presence of untreated wood, so you can leave the walls made of wooden beams or bricks untouched.

Also, one of the oldest methods of treating walls is wallpapering them. However, it should be noted that before this they need to be leveled using drywall, and this will result in a reduction in space. Manufacturers offer a wide range of wallpaper: vinyl, paper, glass, cork, etc. Designers do not recommend covering all walls with material with a large pattern. It is better to focus attention on one of the walls or emphasize architectural protrusions, arches, corners, and cover the remaining surfaces with plain wallpaper. Small ornaments in pastel colors are suitable for the Provence style.

Drywall when decorating walls is used only as a base or for leveling. The top is always covered with wallpaper, acrylic paint or other finishing materials.

Color solutions

The attic room has a specific shape and lighting. Designers most often suggest using light shades for decoration. You can use different textures and color contrasts to add depth to the space.

For example, if the ceiling in the attic is covered with a dark stretch fabric, then it is better if its surface is glossy, then the reflected light will expand the walls. When the floor is made in dark shades, designers recommend dazzling white walls; this will create the illusion of an endless distance.

Experts warn that small attics should never be overloaded with bulky objects and a lot of dark paints should be used. Bright rich colors can be used as accents, since their excess will cause an oppressive feeling.

Often, owners of private houses leave the floors wooden, covering them with transparent varnish to emphasize the wood structure.

Nuances of room design

The improvement of the attic space must be approached very carefully and carefully. It is important to think through in advance all possible ideas for using architectural features: beams, rafters, arches, slopes, unusual angles, racks. Living space can benefit from this.

Experts advise not to get carried away with cluttering the space and try to use natural materials for decoration. It is better to choose textiles for curtains and furniture in pastel shades.

Furniture for the attic is always multifunctional. Bulky elements are inappropriate. It is better to give preference to modular systems. Built-in and wall-mounted structures are an excellent option. Furniture may have to be custom-made to fit a particular roof configuration.

It is better to decorate the attic depending on the functions that the room performs. To decorate the interior with your own hands, you first need to draw up a design project. If you lack certain experience and skills, you can use the services of professionals. It should be remembered that the simple option is always the best.

Since at the dachas and garden plots the houses are small, they either do not have a second floor, or it is very small. Therefore, a bedroom or workshop is usually organized in the country attic.

If Vacation home intended for permanent residence, the attic floor performs various functional tasks. The list of possible interiors includes: kitchen, bathroom, children's room, library, office, recreation area with a cinema, billiards, dressing room.

The style pleases with the variety of possible options - from light Provence to modern loft, from classic to avant-garde, from mountain chalet to Mediterranean bungalow.

There are certain rules that must be followed when decorating attic spaces. Then the interior will be filled with coziness and comfort. For example, a low ceiling surface is not an obstacle, but it should not be covered with a suspended ceiling; it is better to treat it with wood. The staircase, which is always a dangerous place, must be equipped with a fall safety system: railings, doors, and fences are required.

Unusual roof shape small space, as a rule, takes up part of the usable space. But with proper lighting and design, this feature can be played out in an interesting way.

When arranging a small attic, you need to think through the ergonomics of each interior element. It is better to purchase furniture that is built-in and multifunctional. Block storage systems are designed to make this task easier.

Children's

The unusual shapes and sizes of the attic are perfect for arranging a children's room. Designers use height differences and unexpected wall reliefs to design the play area.

The nature of the attic floor requires the organization of a variety of places to store toys, bedding, crafts, and books. In addition, it will be better if the nursery provides places not only for relaxation and games, but also for activities.

If there are small children, the attic should be well insulated, the flooring should be soft, and finishing materials should be natural and harmless. It is recommended to equip the window opening mechanism with an “anti-child” element so that children cannot accidentally open the sash.

When creating an attic nursery, it is necessary to consider the abundance of natural light, as well as artificial lighting.

The nature of the room allows you to experiment with color, use unusual shapes furniture and lamps, zoning the space to create a colorful and bright interior.

When arranging the attic floor, it is important to remember that children love to run, jump and gallop, which can create discomfort for those living on the first floor, so it is recommended to soundproof the floor in the nursery.

Wardrobe

The owners will appreciate the lack of closets in all rooms and the arrangement of a centralized dressing room on the attic floor. This will save useful living space for more functional things.

Organizing a wardrobe in the attic will not require a large area and will allow you to use any asymmetrical architectural features premises.

It is better to place wardrobes along high walls; drawers and shelves for shoes, clothes and accessories can be placed in niches, under bevels or built into the space between the beams.

If it is impossible to install hinged doors, it is necessary to consider the possibility of installing sliding and sliding models, as well as in the form of blinds.

Furniture for an attic dressing room is appropriately modular. Storage systems must be multifunctional. Roll-out and retractable elements will help you reach the farthest corners and use all available space rationally. Cabinets are recommended to be used as storage places and as stools for sitting.

To increase the functionality of the attic, you can install in it washing machine and drying rack, clothes steamer, ironing board. Sometimes the owners also keep another household appliances, for example, a vacuum cleaner.

If the attic is intended only as a storage system, then built-in lighting or ordinary lamps are sufficient. In case of wider use of dressing room placement lighting fixtures must take into account functional features each area of ​​the room. For example, in the ironing area or near a large mirror, bright light is needed.

In order to prevent the appearance of a musty smell or dampness, it is necessary to properly consider the ventilation system.

Bathroom

As a rule, the bathroom is rarely located on the attic floor small house. In large cottages, the bathroom is organized as an additional bathroom to the bedroom or guest room.

It is best to think about the location of the bathroom already at the design stage of the house., since this will require complex engineering communications: sewerage, ventilation, water supply, electricity. In addition, the attic must be properly insulated so that during cold periods being in the bathroom does not cause inconvenience.

It would be nice if there was a kitchen or a first floor bathroom under the attic. In this case, it is more convenient to install communications for the attic bathroom.

Architectural asymmetry in design should be used to your advantage. To do this, it is better to build storage systems for hygiene products or household chemicals, washbasin or toilet. Taking into account the ergonomics of the attic, it is recommended to choose furniture and plumbing that are compact and multifunctional. Built-in or hanging cabinets and shelves will save useful space.

It is recommended to install the bath near a wall or in a corner. If the attic area is limited, then you can limit yourself to a shower stall.

Any color scheme for an attic bathroom is appropriate, but if you have a small area, you must remember that a dark color narrows the room. Glass and mirror elements, the presence of chrome parts will add airiness and modernity. The glossy surface of the ceiling or floor will visually expand the walls of the attic.

The main requirement for finishing materials– moisture resistance. A stretched fabric will look great on the ceiling or plastic panels. Flooring appropriate in the form of ceramic tiles, plastic or parquet boards. Wall cladding involves the use of any waterproof material.

Experts assure that in the bathroom you can abandon the central chandelier and use only built-in lamps. Installation of additional lighting in the wash area will be required. In other cases, point light sources are decorative.

Bedroom

If the attic floor is spacious enough, you can arrange a bedroom for 2-3 people. In case of limited space, you can arrange a recreation area for one resident.

It is better to install sleeping places in roof sloping areas to save useful space. In case of psychological rejection of a low ceiling above your head during sleep, you should place the bed in the center of the attic with gable ceilings.

If you have free space in the bedroom, you can additionally organize a dressing area or a separate bathroom.

The design of the attic sleeping area looks best in a rustic or classic style, however, you should not give up on modern trends: loft or modern. Wood or wallpaper finishes look natural in the bedroom. A variety of textile elements will create a cozy atmosphere. Color range It is better to use in soft, calm tones.

Living room

If there is enough space, the attic floor can be turned into a cozy living room or fireplace room, where all family members will gather and guests will sit.

A fireplace in the attic can play both a practical and decorative role. When installing it, you need to understand that the traditional massive structure is not suitable for the second floor. It is better to give preference to lighter, compact models made of heat-resistant steel or cast iron. For the same reason, experts recommend avoiding heavy facing materials type natural stone. Most often, electric fireplaces or pellet fireplace inserts are used for heating. Decorative bio-fireplaces will bring a feeling of coziness and spiritual comfort to the interior. If the fireplace area in the attic does not serve as decoration, but performs a heating function, then it is important to provide in advance a smoke exhaust system and a place to store fuel.

Furniture in light colors in the living room looks elegant. Glass and mirror partitions and well-built lighting will create a light, relaxed atmosphere.

Vivid contrasts also appropriate in the interior of an attic living room. In this case, it is better not to overload the room with furniture and other elements, since the main accent is color.

Any style will be appropriate, the main thing is that it coincides with the tastes of the owners, matches their interests, and creates the mood.

Designers recommend several styles for the attic living room.

• Classical– a solid style with its inherent luxury and grace. More often than not, the fireplace becomes the center of the interior. The design does not include bright colors. Everything feels orderly and functional.

• Modern– harmonious minimalism. The entire furnishings bear the stamp of practicality and maximum functionality. Simplicity is present in every detail. Dark details are combined with pastel colors to create harmony.

• Retro. Interior elements left over from great-grandmothers or stylized after them are suitable for decoration. The design involves the use of paintings, floor lamps, wooden chairs or tables with forged legs. It is also typical to install a fireplace or a cast iron stove.

• Provence– the sophistication and romanticism of the French countryside. Wood finishing, bleached by the southern sea sun, is appropriate. Textiles in pastel shades with small patterns are welcome. Forged furniture elements, crystal lamps, soft cushions for sitting on chairs and benches, light curtains on the windows - all these details will create a cozy, spiritual atmosphere in the attic living room.

• High tech– style of admirers of modern creativity. Modern materials are used in decoration: chrome, glass, metal and their variations. The severity of forms and minimalism of color create the illusion of space.

If the attic has a vertical wall on the pediment, then you can arrange a home cinema room with a large screen, where it is convenient to relax with a large group or to retire together to watch your favorite films.

Gaming

Designers often suggest organizing a billiard room in the attic. This, of course, requires a large area, since the play area is quite large, and you also need to provide a place for relaxation. The table is usually installed in the center of the room. Near the wall you can place a narrow bar counter with several chairs. To store cues, balls and other accessories, you should organize either wall mounts, or built-in. If the area of ​​the attic floor allows you to zone the space, then in one part you can place a comfort zone for fans with a soft sofa and armchairs.

If a country house has a large attic, then you can organize a mini-gym in it. Experts warn that this is possible provided the floors are strong and reliable. Areas of the attic floor with low ceilings are used for storing sports equipment and for recreation. The rest of the space can be filled with exercise equipment or left empty to conduct classes.

The attic space can be used not only as a children's playroom, but also as a gathering place for the whole family and guests. To do this, it is enough to divide the room into several sections. Organize a video game area in one, and a tabletop area in the other. To arrange the first, it is important to install a large screen and a sofa opposite it. It is better to build systems for storing disks, joysticks and other devices into the walls. Board games require a level surface, so you'll need a coffee table. The sofa and ottomans should be placed around it. Boxes of games can be stored either on a shelf under the table or inside poufs.

Kitchen-dining room

It is better to provide for the arrangement of a kitchen space in the attic at the stage of designing and laying the house. The fact is that it will be necessary to provide communications: gas, water, electricity.

Modular kitchen systems make decorating easier and allow you to create a functional space. Designers propose to take into account and make maximum use of all the nuances of the attic layout.

The use of multi-level furniture on wheels or runners will ensure its mobility, which will further increase functionality. Materials should be light, shapes should not be bulky.

Lighting must be provided in advance. The kitchen requires a lot of light, so there should be at least two windows. Built-in lights around the entire perimeter of the attic kitchen and spotlights above work surface are the best solution.

The color scheme does not limit the owners in anything. Optimal use bright colors for furniture modules, light tone– for walls and ceilings, dark shades for floors.

If the kitchen and dining room are combined into one whole, then you need to visually zone the space. The best place for a table is by the window. If the roof shape is gable or domed, then it is appropriate to place a table in the center of the room. Transparent models have been gaining popularity lately. kitchen furniture made of glass and plastic, which brings an element of airiness to the room.

Cabinet

Best place For privacy, you can't imagine anything better than an attic. Therefore, the attic floor is most appropriate for organizing a study, library or workshop.

Arrangement is possible even with a small space. In a small garden house It’s difficult to find a place for handicrafts, modeling or reading, but the attic space will allow you to get such a cozy corner even in a few square meters.

It is convenient to use built-in shelves between beams, under roof slopes, and between windows for bookshelves. Closed mobile boxes on wheels are suitable for storing tools and stationery. In addition, they can be used as stools.

Often designers suggest using window sills to organize a convenient storage area that performs additional function benches. If you decorate it with textile pillows and a blanket, you can take a nap on it or read a book near the window.

Experts suggest not sheathing beams and rafters, not hiding them, but using them for built-in lighting, hanging structures or mounting household appliances.

Work area requires large quantity light, so it is better to place the table near the window. If possible, it is better to increase the area of ​​window structures and install additional ones. Panoramic double-glazed windows will not only increase the light output, but will also give you the opportunity to rest your eyes and enjoy the scenery after work. Artificial light sources should be installed in the work area and as lighting around the entire perimeter of the attic.

Ventilation in the office is an important element of comfort, so attic windows are equipped with a ventilation system. If you plan to work in the attic all year round, you may need to install an air conditioner. During the warm period, it will save you from the heat, since the summer sun primarily heats the roof. In the cold season, you may need a heater, fortunately, there are a great many of them on the market: infrared, electric, water, oil.

There should be a minimum of furniture in the attic office, and each element is functionally justified. As a rule, its presence is determined by the nature of the room. The desk can be installed either stationary or folding if the area is small. If there are more than one writing areas, there will be more tables accordingly. The number of chairs depends on how many workplaces are organized. Minimalism style – the best option for arranging an office or workshop in the attic, since it is characterized by rational use of space.

If the attic floor is intended for reading your favorite books, in this case a soft sofa, a floor lamp next to it, comfortable pillows, a blanket and a soft rug under your feet. Built-in lighting and a cup of hot tea will add comfort to the atmosphere.

To ensure silence, it is necessary to provide soundproofing of the floor. In this case, noise from below will not penetrate into the attic. Accordingly, if the workshop involves creating noise, then sound insulation will ensure comfort for the residents of the lower floor.

The color scheme of the office should not distract from concentrated work. Calm pastel shades are appropriate. But, of course, in a creative workshop bright accents look better.

Lighting

The source of natural light flux is window structures. If the space in the attic floor is significant, then the number of windows should be more than one. According to generally accepted standards, a glazing area of ​​at least a tenth of the remaining surface of the walls of the room is considered comfortable. The intensity can be adjusted using curtains.

In the case of a small attic with one window, designers suggest using various decorative tricks, for example, a large wall mirror will add light.

Artificial lighting is necessary in any case. Its installation depends on the functionality of the room, the arrangement of furniture, the number and shape of windows, and the architecture of the attic. Any sources are appropriate for this: chandeliers, sconces, built-in lamps, floor lamps, table and portable lamps, bedside models, modern fiber-optic lighting strands. Lighting can perform not only practical, but also decorative functions.

With the help of lighting, you can zone the space and focus attention on individual interior elements. In some cases, you can abandon the central chandelier; only lighting around the perimeter of the attic and spot rotating or stationary lamps are enough.

The choice of artificial lighting sources also depends on the style of the interior.

Beautiful examples in the interior

Before you arrange the attic floor yourself, you should consider all the options and read the reviews of people who have already carried out this process. The photo gallery will help you avoid the mistakes of others. If you have doubts about own strength, then you can, for a financial reward, turn to the services of professionals who will create an original project that takes into account all the features of a particular attic space.

The attic has a specific architecture, so it is better to think in advance about how to use beams, rafters, recesses under the roof slopes, and different wall heights. Supporters rational use living space, it is proposed to place various storage systems under the arches of a pitched or gable roof.

The interior can be made in any style at the request of the customer. Some people prefer a more natural option in country or Provence style, while others prefer minimalism or loft. Attic living rooms in the classics are elegant, prim English fireplace rooms are solid.

The staircase to the attic floor is in some way its hallway. Experts advise installing a full-size flight of stairs if there is space. This is the safest option, which will be appreciated by families with small children and elderly residents.

In most private houses there is a problem with arrangement attic rooms. In the tradition of our region, this room has always played the role of a technical floor, which is destined for the role of insulation and removal of stove smoke. But gradually, with the advent of new materials and modern ones, homeowners began to understand that attic room- This is a great opportunity to expand the living or useful area of ​​the entire cottage.

It turns out that with proper insulation and ventilation, this can accommodate a living room, bedroom, bathroom or even a kitchen, in general, any of the rooms. At the same time, you will have at your disposal a unique design of such a room, which will distinguish it from a number of other similar ones.

Attic room design

Planning attic room design always begins based on the shape of the roof - this is the determining element for the entire external appearance of the room. The roof can be single-pitched or gable, but can also be hipped or hipped.

Accordingly, her inner surface because of this, there will be significant differences and, ideally, it is the future configuration that should be the leading argument when choosing the type of roof.

For example, for pitched roof or a wide gable wall, the problem of developing a low wall, which in these cases can be literally half a meter high, becomes urgent. Whereas for a tent or hip structure, problems with lighting and an insufficient number of window openings may arise, since the roof area, and therefore the room, is quite large.

The second recommendation is inextricably linked with the operational characteristics of the room, because for, say, a children's bedroom or bathroom there will be differences in humidity or the need for heat, air conditioning, etc.

Therefore, it would be advisable to know in advance exactly what functions this residential area will perform. Such knowledge will allow you to competently use exactly the materials that are needed (and not all of them, which will lead to an unnecessary increase in cost), as well as lay all communications, such as organizing forced ventilation or making heated floors.

It is the topic of ventilation that should always be given special attention when developing attic room project, because, as we know from the laws of physics, it is up that all the warm air in the house and a room without a good forced ventilation it may simply turn out to be unsuitable for habitation, especially since the ceilings in it are quite low.

Continuing the topic about ceilings, we note that the appearance of the ceiling can be different and this does not at all depend on the chosen method. Rather, it is about the style of the room that you want to maintain.

Rafters and beams that remain visible are a wonderful attribute of a chalet or country style; they will give the room the right mood of a real old estate. If you prefer classic or modern, then you should completely cover the ceiling with plasterboard, and then plaster, paint or cover it with plain wallpaper.

Fans of modern style, as well as minimalist trends, will definitely give preference to hanging or stretch ceilings, and for lovers of loft or industrial styles, even metal air ducts or communications uncovered by ducts will seem appropriate.

Attic recreation room

When the area of ​​the cottage is small, a dilemma arises about which room to place in it. The room is indeed specific in its use and layout, but it has a unique romantic flair. For example, one of the advantages of locating in attic rest room It is possible to place a window above a sofa or other bed - then you can lie down and admire the blue sky during the day and the starry sky at night. In addition, such a room can save a significant area below, which would be more logical to allocate to the kitchen and dining room, that is, those areas that are used most often during both weekends and weekdays. But you can go up to the top floor to just lie down, watch TV, play video games or have a heart-to-heart conversation over a cup of tea - for such purposes the size of the living room is definitely enough.

Many elements, the presence of which dictates to us, are physically difficult to place inside attics. Room layout in this case, it will be inextricably linked with the creation of sketches for furniture of non-standard shapes. This applies to the much-loved corner or even U-shaped sofa, chairs with high backs, mantelpiece, bookcase and more. All this can be great, but only if it fits into numerous corners and is proportional to the height of the roof.

Making furniture to order is quite an expensive undertaking, plus, its production will take more time than buying ready-made furniture, but you can usefully use literally every centimeter of your small attic floor. In the photo in this section you can see examples of just such a recreation area, which is located on the top floor.

The central element of the design is a large sofa, which literally fills all the free space. Moreover, this happens in very small attics with low wooden ceiling, and in fairly spacious ones, where in addition to the sofa, other items can be freely placed, creating all the prerequisites for excellent parties (TV, wide coffee table for board games or a snack), and for productive work (desk, books, musical instruments).

However, if you do not like large and noisy companies with long gatherings, you can still use the attic floor as a place to relax, even if it is quite small.

Suitable for this different means: a hammock, a rocking chair or just a soft set of chairs suspended on supports will allow you to engage in your hobby or reading right under the window, a source of soft lighting that is very beneficial for vision.

Attic room photo

Next important room, which we will virtually place under the roof, will be a bedroom room in the attic. Photo, which you will see below, show how comfortable such a bedroom can be, how much all your aspirations for an ideal place to relax can be realized in it.

For a bedroom that you intend to use all year round, it is very important to do it correctly. This room should be warm enough, but not hot, without excess humidity, which leads to the formation of fungus and other troubles. Therefore, not only the insulation itself is placed under the roof, but also other components modern systems, such as a water barrier, vapor barrier film, etc. It is also advisable to install an air conditioner, since the roof gets very hot under the summer sun and sleeping in a room without cooling may not be very comfortable.

As we said above, the most difficult part in arranging a bedroom is not at all, but filling it with furniture so that all the shortcomings of a complex shape are leveled out. The most difficult case is when one wall has minimum size, its height is within one meter.

Then you have several options for what to place here, or it will be a bed, because when lying down you definitely don’t need a lot of height above your head, or, conversely, here you will place a storage area with a built-in wardrobe, put a TV, and so on. You can look at the photo above for examples of mastering a strong roof slope and make sure that the shape roof of the attic room It’s not a hindrance to be cozy and comfortable.

A separate case is when the roof has a wide area, hip, half-hip or hip shape. Yes, this will significantly increase costs roofing, several times, and it will take more time to install all the floors and insulate them, but you will have the opportunity to do not just one, but two rooms in the attic. These can be separate children's rooms, or there can be rooms for the whole family, for example, a bedroom and living room, separated by a partition.

In the photo you can see a project like this design solution, and in order to visually preserve the feeling of spaciousness and freedom of such a wide attic, the partition is specially designed transparent.

However, it is not at all necessary to have a transparent partition, because if in attic 2 rooms, then both of them can become completely autonomous rooms, for example, a secluded bedroom, as shown in other photos of the collection, equipped with its own spacious bathroom behind the wall or a spacious one.

Children's room in the attic

Most of all, children love such high, non-standard premises, therefore, this territory is often given to them. Projects children's room in the attic quite a lot, although the walls are not very high, but the area is large, so you can fit a bed, even more than one, a place for games, and a work area with a desk and a computer. There is also a place for sports equipment, a telescope, a hut or a toy house and other children's joys.

In design rooms for girls in the attic It is preferable to use light, natural shades; Provence or country style, an abundance of soft toys and home textiles are suitable.

Make sure that attic room for a boy was not too dark, this can cause depression. You can not only make as many windows as you can, but also provide the room with additional artificial lighting.

Bathroom in the attic

Lots of benefits bathroom in the attic makes us take a closer look at such projects.

In the project you can also place a shower stall or set aside a space with a partition for taking a shower, and also indulge in a full-size bathroom. Moreover, it is the one that is best suited for filling the space under the roof slope without losing the overall feeling of freedom and spaciousness, which are simply unthinkable in city apartments.

Attic room: design and layout. 100 ideas