How to insulate a house from a bar 150x150 from the outside. How to insulate a house from a bar from the outside - the best methods and materials. The nuances of the internal insulation of the log house

When purchasing housing from a massive bar, for example, 150x150 mm or more, users believe that they have chosen a fairly warm material. However, in practice, it turns out that even such structures made of natural material need additional processing. We have to decide how to properly insulate a house from a bar from the outside, and what materials to use.

If additional insulation is not used correctly, then the outer walls should have a thickness of 350-400 mm to ensure high-quality protection in this case. Otherwise, the degree of insulation will be insufficient for a comfortable stay, even if all seams are reliably caulked. WITH thin wall with a significant decrease in temperature, even the beams themselves will begin to freeze.

Objective factors

For today, warming log house outside is not a difficult enough problem, as the market is filled with all sorts of materials for such work. Most of the operations can be done by hand, guided by simple step-by-step instructions. To do this, you can use the presented text or video materials.

Before warming up log house, it is necessary to know the positive and negative sides process. The main advantages include:

increases the efficiency of use heating systems;
outside surface log house gets additional protection from external adverse events;
the owner of the house gets the opportunity to give the facade individuality;
the room does not take up space.

The disadvantages of processing outside the timber building include the inability to control the aging of the building material. In this case, it is necessary to follow the installation technologies in order to ensure the durability of the building and preserve the wood even without visual control.

When installing thermal insulation, you need a clear understanding of the technology in order to exclude premature aging of wood.

When choosing a finishing material, it is worth paying attention to its physical and chemical characteristics, which must satisfy the operational parameters:

external insulation of a house made of timber should be as fireproof as possible;
environmentally friendly materials are used;
minimum values of thermal conductivity;
the material must block the release of heat;
the structure of the insulation should not accumulate moisture;
steam capacity is provided;
the presence of soundproofing characteristics.

VIDEO: How to cheaply and quickly insulate a house outside

Features of warming a log house from the outside

It must be taken into account that the better it is to insulate a house from a bar from the outside, the less money you will need to spend on heating. You should also follow certain rules that contribute to obtaining the desired result. For example, insulation materials can't on long time leave it outside, as possible precipitation helps to moisten it. This negatively affects the heat-shielding properties.

In some cases, the crate is placed horizontally with a step that is 12-15 mm less than the width of the material. In this case, it is allowed not to use additional fasteners, since the mineral wool block or other material will be held on its own.

The operation is carried out in one of the following ways:

a hinged ventilated facade is formed;
using a special installation, spraying with polyurethane is carried out;
sheets of modern polystyrene are involved.

How to insulate a house from a bar from the outside, each owner chooses for himself. The cost of work and materials, as well as their durability and efficiency, are taken into account.

The most acceptable option is to use the hinged ventilated facade method.

Its advantages are the characteristics:

high installation speed;
a large selection of modern high-quality materials for insulating the walls of a timber house;
the service life is guaranteed by the manufacturer up to several decades;
reduction of heating costs;
if in this way the log house is insulated from the outside, then the dew point will move beyond the dimensions of the tree.

Use of materials

The most popular materials for outdoor protection walls are:

cotton wool from basalt;
fiberglass material;
mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene.

Due to the complex of positive properties, mineral wool is often used. Due to its minimal weight, it does not create a significant load on the walls and foundation. The financial costs are also not high. At the same time, it perfectly retains heat and is not a combustible material. Due to the lack of compaction, cold bridges are not created, and its physical parameters are resistant to thermal deformation of a wooden structure.

Often, insulation is carried out according to the type of block house. The outer part is covered with plastic siding decor. Installation includes several steps.

Step by step instructions for home insulation

At the first stage, a vapor barrier is provided for the system. It will take a large area of polyethylene, aluminium foil, roofing felt rolls, vapor barrier film. A vertical rack frame of bars 2.5 cm thick is attached to the walls, forming a grid with a step of 1 m. An oilcloth is stuffed on top of it for vapor barrier. Windows 15 mm in diameter are formed between the base rails to prevent the accumulation of moisture.

It is recommended to hide the places where the film is fixed with nails or staples with adhesive tape to protect the fasteners from moisture.

The second stage of insulation of a timber house consists of the formation of a frame for insulation. Here you will need boards with a section of 100x50 mm or 100x40 mm. Stuffing is carried out vertically on the edge. Since it is necessary to insulate a house from a bar without gaps, we select the distance between the ribs so that it is 1.5-2.0 cm less than the width of the insulation.

The fastening of the beam is carried out with self-tapping screws. We ensure verticality and correctness of installation with the help of a plumb line and a hydraulic level.

At the third step, we carry out a dense laying of the insulating material, eliminating cracks and gaps. If cotton wool 50 mm thick is used, then we put it in two layers. It is recommended to stock up on elastic semi-rigid boards having a density of 80-120 kg/m3. This insulation for housing is well kept in a wooden lattice.

The fourth step requires the creation of waterproofing. For this layer, a waterproofing film is used. She is obliged to release steam, but retain water. At the docking points, an overlap of about 10 cm is created, which must be sealed with self-adhesive (film).

A frame of slats with a section of 50x30 or 50x25 mm is stuffed over the waterproofing. Thus, an air gap is formed, which contributes to drying from condensate. The layer must be covered with a metal fine mesh. She happens to be reliable protection from rodents.

The outer layer performs a decorative function. It can be made from both plastic and lining. Such siding is selected based on the preferences of the owner of the house.

VIDEO: Rockwool - wall insulation from the outside under siding

Features of working with foam

For novice masters, this option of thermal insulation is preferable, since it does not require special skills, and the speed of work is high.

Among the advantages it is worth noting:

low price for the material;
siding can be attached directly to the material without crates;
retains heat well;
does not absorb water, therefore it does not freeze.

Among the disadvantages:

combustibility;
does not allow air to pass through, condensate accumulates under the layers, the walls from the inside can rot and become moldy.

The problem with vapor permeability can be solved by ventilation gaps and the installation of a high-quality membrane. As for flammability, it is worth choosing extruded polystyrene foam, which contains flame retardants. This material will also burn, but much more slowly, and small foci will fade.

Modern Russian insulation

Domestic development for sheltering the outer walls of a timber house is new material"Penoplex". It is offered to customers in the form of plates and is an extruded polystyrene foam.

Penoplex is ideal for the changeable Russian climate

A distinctive quality of the insulation is sufficient mechanical strength and excellent water-repellent properties. It does not develop molds or bacteria. The material can be laid both vertically and horizontally, and plastering is allowed on top of the outside.

VIDEO: The most common and gross mistake in wall insulation

Among the advantages of log houses, one can single out the naturalness of the wall material, environmental friendliness and good ventilation. Despite the advantages, over time, the thermal conductivity of such buildings decreases, more and more gaps form in the walls, and drafts begin to appear. Warm air quickly leaves the house. To solve this problem, you need additional insulation timber houses.

It is necessary to insulate the dwelling with non-combustible, environmentally friendly and durable material. To choose the right one, you should familiarize yourself with the features of each heater. You can do the job qualitatively only by familiarizing yourself with the main points regarding insulation.

The first step is always to prepare the surface for further work. First, the walls need to be evaluated, to check how well all previous activities were carried out. Joints may form small cracks, defects. All this is better to fix at the first stage. After construction, the house will shrink, because the lack of caulking, small cracks are sealed.

The initial stage includes the removal of all foreign elements that may interfere with insulation wooden house from a bar. If work is done inside, all hinged structures are removed, the surface is freed. Outdoor activities include the removal of all nearby plantings that touch the house. In both cases, dust and dirt are removed.

After cleaning the walls, they are treated with a flame retardant solution and an antiseptic. Lubricate several times, use a roller for this. The brush can reach hard-to-reach places. After the walls have dried, their condition is assessed, the need for additional caulking. Cracks are sealed with jute fiber and a chisel.

Important! No heat insulator will make a house better if it has large cracks and chips. Work does not begin until they are completely eliminated.

Wall insulation in a timber house

After carrying out the above described activities, you can proceed to the insulation of the walls. The material is selected, the possibility of carrying out work outside and inside is evaluated. Under consideration best option. To choose the right one, you need to familiarize yourself with the pros and cons of each method.

Advantages and disadvantages of internal and external wall insulation

The first advantage of internal insulation is its low cost. It does not require special devices to climb to great heights. The turnaround time is much shorter. You can make the walls much smoother. Fulfill necessary actions possible at any time of the year.

But there are disadvantages:

You have to sacrifice living space if bulk insulation material is used.
The dew point shifts, moisture condensation takes place in a different plane. If the work is done incorrectly, this can lead to freezing of the walls, or their constant moisture. The offset of the point will be inside the room. With external insulation - outside.
There is a risk of mold formation, blackening of the walls.
Slots, joints that are outside the house will still have to be sealed.

The main advantage of external insulation is a higher efficiency of work. The materials used will retain more heat. The dew point moves outward so that the walls will not get mouldy. The useful volume of the room is not reduced. Disadvantages: High cost compared to internal option works; seasonality and dependence on the weather.

The choice of material for external insulation of a house from a bar

For high-quality insulation, it is worth considering the features of each insulation. They differ in characteristics, service life, degree of environmental friendliness and features of the installation. The price of products varies greatly.

Mineral wool and its analogues

With this heater, you can carry out work inside and outside the house. The material is "breathable", which is necessary for wooden walls. The material is not destroyed by rodents, insects, mold does not grow on the surface.

In addition to the above, there are advantages:

relatively low thermal conductivity;
high degree of sound insulation;
ease;
ease of work;
low cost;
ecological purity.

The main disadvantage is the ability to accumulate moisture. If the cotton wool is wet, its performance drops significantly. It dries out for a long time, sometimes not completely. After that, the composition becomes heavy. If the fixation was not secure enough, it may move down under its own weight.

Insulation of the facade of a timber house should take place only according to the technology of a ventilated facade. A reliable vapor barrier is required.

It is worth figuring out how to insulate a house from a bar in order to avoid common mistakes during work. You can use polystyrene for external and internal insulation. The advantages are low cost, low thermal conductivity. Mounting is simple and convenient. It has good hygroscopicity.

Additional Information! During the purchase, you should pay attention to the tightness of the grains in the block. The higher the strength, the better the insulation performs its functions.

The main disadvantage is high flammability. This is especially important to consider when work is carried out in a wooden house. Birds and small rodents love to eat foam.

This insulation is similar in properties to the previous one. It differs in execution technology, due to which performance characteristics increase significantly. The cost is also higher.

Advantages:

high performance;
does not accumulate moisture in the structure;
not destroyed by rodents, mold;
has high strength;
the installation process is simple and fast.

Among the shortcomings, the high cost is distinguished. You can not use any, but only a certain one for fixing to the walls. adhesive composition. It is obligatory to install high-quality ventilation of the room, because the XPS does not let air through and the natural ventilation of the wooden house will be disturbed.

Foamed polyethylene

Foiled polyethylene can be wrapped with a protective membrane on one or both sides. It is used for insulation outside and inside the house. It is usually used not as the main, but as an additional insulation. When answering the question of whether it is necessary to insulate a house from a 200x200 mm timber, it is worth considering not the thickness of the walls, but how well they hold heat. Perhaps you need minimal insulation to create an ideal microclimate in the room.

Benefits:

low cost;
ease of installation;
hygroscopicity;
high sound insulation;
high performance.

Among the shortcomings are flexibility. Reliable adhesion to the surface is required so as not to reduce the quality of the work performed. You can only glue with special compounds.

Sprayed polyurethane foam

In fact, the material is ordinary mounting foam. It is applied from a special cylinder, and not with a gun. The positive is the possibility of insulation inside and outside the house. Moisture is not absorbed into the surface. Possesses high heat-insulating characteristics. The walls can not be pre-prepared, it is enough to apply the composition to the cleaned surface and it will remain hanging until it hardens. No fasteners or crate needed. The layer will be solid.

The disadvantage is the price of insulation. It is significantly higher than analogues. Without the use of special equipment, the work will not work. Further processing is required, because the composition is destroyed under the action sun rays. He becomes fragile.

The composition is used for insulation from the outside of objects. He does not respond to negative factors environment, durable, does not require fixing on fasteners. The material is highly hydrophobic. You can perform a seamless connection. There is no need for further restoration. The material is breathable, so additional ventilation is not needed.

The service life declared by the manufacturers is 15-20 years, but after 5-7 years the composition loses about 30% of its thermal insulation characteristics.

Fire safety is low. To use it, you need special equipment, which is expensive.

Windproof boards Isoplat based on wood fiber

Such plates are quite popular in Europe.

They have the following benefits:

provide high wind protection;
high permeability. It is desirable to use the material in places with a cool climate. In hot weather, it will interfere with the normal ventilation of the premises;
good thermal insulation properties. The indicator is above the level of basalt wool;
high strength. The material adheres well to the surface of the house, but it is not easy to break it;
reliability. The material does not lose its characteristics after some time of use. Properties are preserved throughout the entire period of operation. Exposure to sunlight does not affect the quality of the insulation;
high heat capacity.

The advantages of wind protection boards are obvious, but there are some disadvantages. Their cost is much higher than that of traditional heaters.. It is advisable to use them only in places with a cold climate, because they do not pass air well.

Folgizol

The material stands out among traditional insulation materials with its characteristics. It has a high degree of thermal insulation, sound insulation. In comparison, approximately 10 mm foilisol provides the same heat retention as 45 mm mineral wool or 150x150 mm bricks. Sound and vapor barrier performance is also on top.

The composition weighs very little, its installation is convenient. It is elastic, it will be easy to close any bends of the walls. It is resistant to any chemical influences, protected from the occurrence of mold, fungus, is not interesting for insects and rodents. The service life is 80 years, during which the performance will not decrease. No substances harmful to humans are used in production. No smell, no toxicity.

The disadvantage is the low vapor permeability. For a wooden structure, this is not very good - the walls will stop "breathing". Answering the question of how to insulate a log house will not work in one sentence. There are many options, there is something for everyone.

SIP panels

Panels are perfect as a base for walls. In comparison, it would take 2.5 m of brick to achieve the same degree of heat loss as 15 cm of panels.

Picture 8. Resistance to heat transfer of materials.

Other positive features:

high degree of sound insulation. The thickness of the material is small, but the penetration of noise from the street is almost completely eliminated;
light weight of the material;
high construction speed. When using SIP panels, it will take 3 weeks to build a cottage with an area of \u200b\u200babout 50 m 2.

The material is usually not used as a heater. You can use it to build a full-fledged dwelling. Among the shortcomings are flammability, the presence of additives that are not considered environmentally friendly. The panels are capable of being attacked by rodents.

Mezhventsovy heaters

The correct choice of interventional heaters depends on the needs in each individual case.

Can be defined important points that you should pay attention to:

If the house is being built in autumn, it is worth using jute. Synthetic materials are not used. Shrinkage of structures in winter is almost absent, condensation forms. Therefore, the insulator must pass air well. Synthetics do not have this property.
If there are people with allergies in the family, it makes sense to purchase linen materials. They do not have an allergenic effect. Flax is not used in places with a cool climate. For example, he will not be able to endure the Siberian winter.
If the house is not planned to produce for a long time outer cladding, it makes sense to use synthetic models of heaters. They do not deteriorate under the influence of active sunlight.

A good interventional insulation has several advantages:

the same thickness over the entire surface;
not exposed to rodents and insects;
after fixing with logs, it does not erode;
different thickness of products allows you to choose the optimal sample for each joint;
insulators retain positive characteristics regardless of the time of year.

The disadvantages of interventional heaters appear if the wrong composition is selected. For example, when a product without pores is selected, and the wall stops passing air, ventilation will be impaired. Any options are suitable for a wooden house, because the walls themselves allow air to pass through, the insulation will not be able to greatly limit this property.

Additional Information! It is advisable not to use interventional heaters as the main ones. If the home loses a lot of heat, they can be used to achieve initial insulation. It is desirable to choose other modern materials as the main ones.

Rules for external insulation of a wooden house

Any tree absorbs moisture. Completely eliminate the hygroscopicity of wood will not work even with impregnations. If ventilation is normally arranged in the dwelling, then the moisture will quickly evaporate without negative impact for construction, a comfortable microclimate will be preserved. If the gas exchange process is disturbed, the tree swells, fungus and mold develop.

In order not to encounter the listed problems, you need to follow the rules:

do not insulate damp walls;
use only vapor-permeable heaters;
thermal insulation materials must be closed on both sides with waterproofing, if it is absent in the layer of the insulation itself;
leave a gap between the final finish and the insulation.

If the walls are only planned to be painted after insulation, or only the seams are insulated, the paint or sealant is also chosen to be vapor-permeable. You can use acrylic-based compositions. Before warming, the surface should be well prepared, cleaned, repaired.

Additional Information! It is important to ensure that beetles do not remain in the wall - woodworms, which can greatly destroy the building. Under an additional layer, they will continue to destroy the structure, nothing will prevent them from multiplying. Over time, the wood will completely deteriorate and become unusable.

Hinged ventilated facade

They have a number of advantages. Among them, there is a lack of the possibility of dampness, a decrease in the number of building materials. Building insulation is very effective. Finishing work you can carry out any on top, there are no restrictions. The building does not overheat in summer due to proper ventilation.

The negative side is the need to inspect the supporting structures. The work must be carried out by specialists, it will be difficult to perform all the actions correctly on your own.

If you decide to do the work yourself, proceed in the following sequence:

Framing arrangement. The bars are installed such that insulation materials are normally placed between them. The maximum thickness is 10 cm. The distance between them should not be more than 60 cm, although it should be calculated based on the size of the insulation. Fasten with screws.
Heater installation. It is advisable to use elastic plates. The distance between the bars will be such that they fit snugly between the beams.
Installation of wind protection. It is fixed to the bars with a stapler. Attach to the insulation with double-sided tape.
Installation of the second crate. Enough bars measuring 5x5 cm. They are fixed on wooden blocks first crate.
Installation of a block house, other materials for external cladding.
final surface treatment. Grinding, adjustment of all components, removal of wooden villi is carried out. After completion of this type of work, a layer of paint or varnish is applied.

Wooden houses are insulated with thermal wood, block house, planken, wood-like porcelain stoneware.

Insulation under siding

The main feature is the absence of gaps between the material. Lay them evenly without bending. The material should not protrude and go beyond the boundaries of the bars. Initially, you need to prepare the surface: remove all elements that may interfere with the process: drainpipes, lights, and more. Next, the surface is cleaned of contaminants.

The frame that will hold the siding elements must be impregnated with an antiseptic. It is advisable to use wooden blocks, and not metal elements. Metal collects condensate, which will turn into ice in winter. Standard bars are taken with a section of 50x50 mm.

Mineral wool, suitable as a heater, weighs quite a lot. It is fixed between the installed beams with dowels. A film is installed on top of the insulation material, which protects against steam from the inside and water from the outside. Fasten with a stapler.

First, the crate of the insulation is performed. The bars are arranged vertically in level. A heater is laid inside, a counter crate is placed on top. Its step is 40-50 cm. The bars are vertical. The last action will create a ventilated gap between the sheets and fix the mineral wool sheets.

Polyurethane foam spraying method

For the installation of this type of insulation, special tools are used. The composition comes from 2 containers containing polyol and polyisocyanate. They are mixed in the sprayer and fall on the walls.

Installation is carried out in the following sequence:

After preparatory work mounted wooden crate. The distance is 30 cm.
Foam fills the space between the bars. Application is made from the bottom up.
If you need to move to another place, the gun is turned off. If it is necessary to apply several layers, the next one is performed only after the previous one has solidified.
The insulation should not protrude beyond the boundaries of the crate. Any irregularities after application are carefully removed with a knife.
After the insulation has hardened, the walls are covered with a reinforcing mesh.
Finishing work in progress.

It is difficult to do the work on your own, even if you have special equipment. Usually involve specialists.

Internal insulation

Expanded clay or sand is used as the simplest materials for floor insulation in a wooden house. They are poured in a layer on top of the rough flooring, which is used as an additional base. The surface is not exposed to fungi, microorganisms. The main disadvantage is the loss of hygroscopicity over time.

Floor insulation

From modern materials for floor insulation, you can use mineral wool, ecowool, fiberglass, polystyrene foam or foam plastic and others. It is worth considering the pros and cons of each composition in order to make the right choice.

When insulating the floor in a house made of timber, it is important to take into account the purpose of the room, the average temperature and humidity. Do not forget about the load on the surface.

The work is divided into stages:

The draft floor is laid along the logs. The main advantage of the design is that no mechanical load affects the insulation material. You can use any composition for insulation. Make from unhewn boards at least 25x150 mm in cross section. The tree must be treated with an antiseptic.
Wooden logs should not reach the walls by about 3-4 cm. They can be placed on the foundation, wooden lining or posts (depending on what is available). A draft beam with a section of 50x50 mm is fixed to them and draft boards are nailed to it below. There should not be large gaps between them. Screws can be used for fastening.
The heater is installed. Glass-, eco-, mineral wool or other heaters fit tightly on wooden base between the lags. The remaining space is filled with mounting foam.
A layer of waterproofing is laid. Be sure to insulate wet rooms at home, or in the case of hygroscopic compounds (fiberglass, mineral wool, ecowool). If sprayed insulation is used, waterproofing can be omitted.

Waterproofing is found in the form of impregnation, paint or adhesive composition. Depending on the choice, it is fixed on surface layer the resulting pie.

A vapor barrier is being installed. Immediately on top of the previous layer overlap. The edges protrude 10-15 cm beyond the borders and stick to the logs. The joints are closed with metallic tape.
The final floor is laid and the final finishing is carried out. It must be fixed at a distance of several cm from the draft. To do this, use boards 10-14 cm wide and 3-4 cm thick. At the bottom, they should have channels for natural ventilation.

Wall insulation

It is not worth insulating the walls in the house from the inside with materials that do not allow air to pass through: polystyrene foam, penoizol, extruded polystyrene foam. They are able to create the effect of "greenhouse". You will have to spend money on installing air conditioners to remove moisture from the walls. It is optimal to use mineral wool.

After carrying out the preparatory work, impregnating the walls with an antiseptic solution, a wind and waterproofing layer is installed. It will not allow weathering and moisture penetration from the outside of the home. It is better to use a vapor diffusion membrane for this.

The material will not allow the penetration of liquids, will not stop the movement of steam and air. The waterproofing layer is fixed to the walls with a construction stapler. The overlap at the joints is at least 10 cm and is glued with adhesive tape.

Installed wooden frame. The width between the posts is selected based on the width of the insulation. Make the distance 2 cm less than the plates so that the material fits snugly.
The thickness of the frame is 2-3 cm more materials to ensure ventilation. Mineral wool or other substance is laid.
Plastic dowels are used for fixing.

Answering the question of how to insulate a log house for winter residence climatic conditions must be taken into account. A lot of heaters are suitable, which are attached according to the specified scheme. At the end of the work, a vapor barrier layer is mounted. Usually the membranes are fixed with stapler staples.

Final stage - fine finish. The layer should not interfere with the passage of air currents through the surface. It is advisable not to use plastic options.

Roof insulation

Work in the attic is carried out in the following sequence:

A vapor barrier is installed. Cloths are overlapped by 15-20 cm over the entire surface. They should be glued with tape and fixed with brackets to the beams. When using polyurethane foam or other similar compounds, this step is not necessary.
The heater is installed. If it is ecowool, events are carried out by spraying. In other cases, all boards are dismantled so that the material covers the entire surface of the attic space. When using mineral wool and similar substances, the installation must be tight.
Waterproofing is being installed. Be sure to overlap, adjacent strips are connected with waterproof tape.
Additional beams are being installed on which the finishing coating is fixed.

Mistakes when insulating a house from a bar

Insulation of a timber house from the inside is often carried out with errors, after which the material does not fulfill the task assigned to it.

The following typical deviations from the rules are common:

Lack of control over the condition of the walls. Over time, traces of various types of damage remain on the wood. Before the start of insulation, after which there will be no access to the surface of the walls, it is necessary to perform all of the above measures. Only then proceed to the next step.
Inattentive attitude to the caulking of the walls. Perhaps, thanks to a couple of defects in this part, the house began to blow through. After correcting the problems associated with this item, the home becomes much warmer.
Insulation of the log cabin from the inside. If it is possible to carry out work outside, they should be done that way.
Incorrect choice thermal insulation material. For wood, mineral wool, glass wool and polystyrene foam of any kind are ideal.
Improper storage of materials. Thermal insulation must be dry. Only then the compositions perform the function completely.
Wrong choice of materials. Rigid heaters are used for vertical surfaces, soft analogs are used for floors and ceilings.

In addition to these errors, there is an incorrect choice of the thickness of the insulation. For log house V middle lane Russia lacks a couple of layers of materials 50 mm thick, which are stacked one on top of the other. The above material will help you understand how to properly insulate a house from a bar.

New walls made of timber have good heat-saving characteristics. Their insulation consists in caulking the interventional seams. Additional thermal insulation is required after a few years when cracks appear and the building shrinks. When building a house, first of all, attention should be paid to the insulation of the roof, floors, windows and doors.

How to insulate a house from a bar: materials

All heaters can be divided into vapor-permeable and vapor-tight.

For warming wooden structures vapor-permeable materials are required. Their use allows you to effectively remove excess moisture from the walls.

The classic representative of vapor-permeable insulation for a house made of timber is mineral wool based on:

fiberglass
slag
natural stone

The disadvantage of mineral wool is a large water absorption and a decrease in performance when wet. Best Choice for warming wooden houses is stone wool - the most environmentally friendly material.

Vapor-proof materials are used to insulate stone walls and cement floors. When used for thermal insulation wooden surfaces measures must be taken to ventilate the wood.

Vapor-tight heaters include:

Styrofoam
Extruded polystyrene foam
Sprayed thermal insulation
Folgoizol
Other sheet and roll materials

A special type of heat-insulating materials for wooden houses are interventional heaters.

These include:

Moss - natural material, which has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.04 W / (m ºС) and antiseptic properties, protects wood from the formation of fungus and rot. Disadvantages - the complexity of harvesting and laying, the need for re-caulking after drying and fire hazard
Hemp and linen tow has a thermal conductivity of 0.047 W / (m ºС), is supplied in bales, and is used to insulate gaps between logs, around windows and doors. Tow has the same disadvantages as moss
Tape heaters based on jute and flax have a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.034 W / (m ºС). Their use greatly speeds up the work. Jute insulation is moisture resistant. Best Features has a tape insulation consisting of jute and linen fibers in various proportions

Thermal insulation of timber walls

Preference should be given to external insulation, because in this case:

Are being created optimal conditions to ventilate the walls

The useful volume of the building is not reduced

Reduces the chance of water droplets forming on inner surface walls

Facade insulation

Work is performed as follows:

Remove areas affected by rot and mold

Cover the surface of the walls with antiseptic compounds

Caulk gaps between the bars, around windows and doors

Of the rails with a width equal to the thickness of the insulation, a horizontal crate is made, while the distance between the rails is taken 2 cm less than the width of the plates stone wool

A heater is inserted between the rails, installation is carried out in 2-3 layers with a shift of the joints

The insulation is closed with a windproof membrane, the joints of the film are sealed with adhesive tape

To the bars horizontal lathing nailed vertical, it serves as the basis for facing materials and provides a gap for ventilation of the thermal insulation layer

Covering building facades

When warming, the following rules are observed:

The bars of the crates are impregnated with an antiseptic;

Stone wool slabs are inserted by surprise, there should be no gaps between them

The windproof membrane is hung with the rough side inward.

For fastening finishing materials use galvanized nails or self-tapping screws

Lining, imitation timber, siding, block house, OSB and other sheet materials can be used as finishing materials.

Simultaneously with the thermal insulation of the walls, the basement of the building should be insulated. For this, it is appropriate to use PSB-35 foam. Its sheets are attached directly to the stone plinth using cement-based glue and dowel umbrellas.

The surface is puttied, sinking a reinforced mesh into the putty and plastered

On top of the insulation, a vertical crate is made to which plates of artificial or natural stone, stone or brick effect siding panels

Internal wall insulation

When insulating wooden walls from the inside, difficulties arise associated with their ventilation.

One of the ways to solve the problem is to create a gap between the wall and the insulation using a crate.

In this case, conditions must be created for the movement of air in the resulting space. In this case, materials with any vapor impermeability can be used for wall insulation.

For internal insulation, it is appropriate to use materials coated with heat reflective film foil based.

The foil reflects infrared rays that freely penetrate any other insulation. Therefore, such thermal insulation is especially effective near heating devices, for example, between radiators and a wall.

Floor insulation

Thermal insulation of wooden floors is carried out with mineral wool slabs with a density of 120 kg / m 3 or foam plastic PSB 25, inserted between the lags. Previously, a waterproofing film is hung under the lags.

To insulate floors under a cement screed, PSB-35 foam is used. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the base, foam plates are laid and a cement screed is made. Lay on top flooring. When heating according to the warm floor method in a layer cement screed pipes are laid.

Roof insulation

The thermal insulation of the roof of a house made of insulated timber is usually performed with stone wool slabs located between the rafters. From the side of the roof, the insulation is protected by a membrane, from the side of the attic - by a vapor barrier film.

When building a roof from sip-panels, there is no need for insulation.

Roofing sip-panel consists of two sheets of OSB, between which foam plastic 200 mm thick is laid. The panels are laid on a wooden base and connected with beams inserted into the grooves at their ends.

If the attic is not heated, insulate interfloor ceilings. To do this, vapor barrier materials are laid on the ceilings, and a heater is placed on top, between the beams. The type of thermal insulation can be any, including bulk.

So, the house from the timber was outwardly designed, let's move on to interior design. You can get acquainted with popular materials for decoration inside the house.

Video about the insulation of a wooden house

Houses built of timber are very popular in our country. Such buildings not only look aesthetically pleasing, but are also warm. However, this does not negate the fact that they need to be additionally insulated with various special means.

Features of the procedure

Houses from a bar are chosen by many users. The popularity of such buildings is due to their attractive and natural appearance, use in the construction natural materials, as well as a comfortable microclimate, which is preserved in such environments. The beam itself is warm material, therefore houses from it are considered cozy and hospitable. They are not cold in winter, but not hot in summer either. However, such buildings still need to be additionally insulated, otherwise it will not be so comfortable in them during the frosty seasons.

Warming is primarily required for log houses, in which construction material not thick enough. With an incorrect section inside a wooden house, complete freezing can occur. This fact suggests that the ceilings in such a structure are unable to retain heat with high quality and one cannot do without a heater. If the timber in the house has a section of 150x150 mm, then it is not necessary for it to provide additional finishing, especially if the building is located in areas with a warm and temperate climate. A beam with a section of 180x180 mm is also popular - very warm and reliable houses are built from it, for which additional finishing is also optional. However, it is worth considering that if the cross-section of the timber of the house is correct, all the same, over time, the building material will dry out, and this will also provoke significant heat losses.

If a decision is made to insulate a log house, then you should pay attention that this can be done both outside and inside.

For home insulation inside the following features are characteristic:

with such work, a certain part of the usable living space will inevitably be lost due to the installation of the frame structure under the insulation;
a layer of heat-insulating material hides underneath wooden floors, which affects the design of rooms in the house;
due to the inevitable winter cooling of wooden walls, the dew point moves directly into the internal insulation. After that, condensation and mold appear. It should be borne in mind that monitoring the condition of the timber in such circumstances is not an easy task.

The most common is the insulation of a log house from the outside. It includes the following features:

with such insulation, the usable area of \u200b\u200bliving space does not undergo major changes and does not become smaller;
external work is good because it does not affect the internal routine of the household;
with this method of insulation, the facade of a wooden house is reliably protected from destructive temperature surges, and this significantly extends the life of the building;

if you correctly select a suitable and high-quality insulation, then a comfortable microclimate will not be disturbed in the inside of the house;
most owners turn to such a method of warming so that the house is comfortable and that it “breathes”;
with external insulation, you can update the facade in case of its natural darkening;
using external insulation materials, you can protect the timber from damage.

At the moment, there are several basic options for wall insulation in a house made of timber. The hinged ventilated facade is a technology developed as an additional decoration of the building facade.

It is worth considering in more detail what advantages are characteristic of this option for warming a log house:

ventilated facades are different long term service, which is able to reach the mark of 50 years;
this option of insulation is characterized by excellent heat and sound insulation, which is noted by many users;
installation of a hinged ventilated facade is considered simple and affordable;
a similar method of insulation allows the use of a variety of facing materials;
with such insulation, the dew point moves outward, which avoids the accumulation of condensate in the material.

The technology of warming a log house for siding largely repeats the hinged ventilated facade. In this case, the insulation is also mounted on the outside, and is supplemented from above. decorative coating. Polyurethane technology will be clear to every craftsman who has at least once encountered work related to polyurethane foam. The main difference of this method lies only in the amount of materials required to form a heat-insulating cushion, because they need much more. That is why, when choosing such a technology, it is necessary to stock up on a high-quality spray gun.

Material selection

Modern manufacturers offer consumers a choice of several options for insulating materials.

Mineral wool

Currently, mineral wool is recognized as one of the most popular insulating materials.

It is of the following types:

stone or basalt;
glass;
slag.

All varieties of mineral wool have approximately the same properties and characteristics.

This insulation and all its subtypes are characterized by the following qualities:

mineral wool is fire-resistant and non-flammable;
different biological and chemical resistance;
vapor permeable;
environmentally friendly;
has soundproofing properties.

The main disadvantage of mineral wool is that it is very attractive to rodents. In addition, in case of getting wet, this insulation does not dry out completely, which has a detrimental effect on its qualities. Most specialists use mineral wool in mats when insulating the outside of the house. Rolls in this case are considered less practical and convenient, since it is inconvenient to deploy them on vertical bases. Before installing such a heater, you should make sure that the walls and foundation of the house are steam- and waterproofed with high-quality materials.

Styrene plates

The cheapest insulation is the good old foam. A buyer with any budget can afford it. Such material is characterized by minimal weight and hygroscopicity. In addition, the foam has good thermal insulation qualities.

However, this cheap insulation has its own weak sides.

Styrofoam is combustible material. Moreover, during combustion, it actively releases toxic substances that are dangerous to human health.
This insulating material is fragile.
Does not tolerate contact with ultraviolet light.

Polyurethane foam insulation is more expensive. It is a type of plastic. This material has a characteristic cellular and foamy structure. The main component of polyurethane is a gaseous substance, which makes up 85-90% of the total composition. Rigid polyurethane foam is more popular than foam rubber, despite the high cost.

The relevance of this heater is due to the following advantages:

polyurethane easily "sticks" to the bases of the most different materials, from wood to metal;
a similar insulation is made right at the place of all work with the minimum amount components. This fact suggests that in matters of transportation, polyurethane foam is economical;
this material is light in weight, so it is not so difficult to work with it;
floors, supplemented with polyurethane, become not only warmer, but also durable;
This material is not afraid of temperature changes.

Of course, this insulating material has its drawbacks, namely:

when in contact with ultraviolet rays, the insulation often wears out quickly, so it is recommended to “close” it with other materials, for example, plaster or panels;
contacting high temperatures, PPU insulation will not burn, but it will actively smolder;
such material cannot be used to insulate roofs from profiled sheets in wooden houses;
PPU is quite expensive, as is the work of spraying it onto the bases from a bar.

Ecowool

Many consumers turn to the insulation of a log house with ecowool. This material is made up of cellulose boric acid, antiseptic components and sodium tetraborate.

This heater has the following advantages:

has excellent soundproofing properties;
to insulate the room, a small amount of such insulating material is required, which indicates its economy;
contains no hazardous harmful substances that are harmful to human health;

very easy to blow even into the most inaccessible areas;
is a seamless material, so winter time years with it you can significantly save on heating;
is inexpensive with good quality;
does not cause allergic reactions.

Unfortunately, ecowool also has weaknesses, such as:

over time, the excellent thermal insulation characteristics of ecowool inevitably decrease. At this time, the thermal conductivity of the living space increases;
the installation of this insulation can only be done using special, sophisticated equipment, so it is unlikely that it will be possible to do without the involvement of a team of craftsmen;
so that the thermal insulation of the space does not decrease, you need to contact only highly qualified specialists with rich work experience;

with a dry type of installation of such a heater, quite a lot of dust will remain, and with a wet version, the material will dry for a rather long time;
the rigidity of ecowool is much lower than that of polystyrene materials, so it cannot be installed without first constructing a reliable frame;
ecowool is subject to shrinkage if installed on a vertical base with a density below normal;
experts do not recommend placing this insulating material near sources of open fire, as well as chimneys and chimneys, because the coating may begin to smolder.

Warm plaster

Relatively recently, another interesting insulating material appeared on the market - this warm plaster. Such a heater is good because it is non-flammable, not afraid of sunlight, easy to install and protects wooden houses from the penetration of dampness and moisture.

He is different complex composition which includes the following ingredients:

glass;
cement;
hydrophobic components.