Underground cellar. How to make a cellar with ventilation in your country house with your own hands. Types of traditional cellars

All photos from the article

Country farming requires storage space for prepared foods, vegetables, fruits and pickles. The ideal place for such purposes would be an earthen cellar, as it maintains optimal temperature and keeps food fresh.

We want to tell you how to build a wooden cellar with your own hands.

Wooden cellar

Peculiarities

The tradition of constructing underground storage facilities has been known for a long time, since previously we did not have refrigerators at our disposal, and there was a need to keep food supplies fresh. One came to the rescue here interesting feature our soil.

The fact is that the top layer of soil freezes in winter or warms up in summer to a depth of no more than 1 - 1.5 meters for middle zone Russia. In the northern regions this value increases for winter, in the southern regions for summer. Below this depth, an approximately constant temperature remains throughout the year at a level of 5–9 ˚С, which is comparable to the temperature in a modern refrigerator.

Important!
you can check temperature regime underground layers by measuring the temperature of spring water in winter and summer.
As a rule, it remains around +8 ˚С.

There are three main types of cellars according to the depth of immersion in the ground:

1. Ground. This type of design provides for a minimum depth of up to 25–30 cm, since such structures are installed in places with a very high groundwater level. In essence, this is an ordinary shed or storage shed for storing vegetables;
2. Semi-recessed. A depth of up to 60 cm is provided here; in this case, groundwater should be no higher than 1.5 - 2 meters from the soil level. Often the towering upper part of the structure is sprinkled with a thick layer of earth and turf to better thermal insulation;
3. Recessed. Structures whose depth exceeds 1.5 meters are considered completely buried. As a rule, such cellars are completely buried underground to a depth of 2–3 meters.

Important!
The most effective option will be a completely recessed one.
It is guaranteed to protect your supplies from freezing in winter and overheating in summer.

Materials for construction can also be different.

The most commonly used are:

• Rubble stone. Allows you to build strong and durable structures, but the work will be labor-intensive, and the price of the material and its delivery will be significantly high;
• Brick. It is better to use ceramic bricks, as their moisture resistance is higher. Good material for the basement, but quite expensive and labor-intensive to work with;
• Concrete plates. It is possible to construct the room from reinforced concrete blocks and slabs, but this will require the work of a crane. The design will be very strong and durable;
• Monolithic concrete. You can install formwork in the pit and fill the walls with concrete. If it is possible to order ready-mixed concrete, then this option is well worth considering;
• Wood. A traditional, time-tested option that is distinguished by an excellent microclimate, complete environmental safety and availability of materials.

When choosing wood as a building material for a cellar, you should remember its features, such as fear of moisture, rot and mold.

Important!
Wood is the best option in terms of microclimate and environmental safety inside the cellar, provided that all requirements for protecting the structure from moisture and mold are correctly met.

Selecting a location

After you have decided on the type of structure, its depth and the materials from which it will be constructed, you need to find appropriate place for the basement. There are two main options:

Usually, when building a house, the presence of a basement is provided for in the project, and it is dug out and strengthened at the stage of laying the foundation. Working in a built house will be much more difficult and costly.

Important!
If you want to have a basement inside your home, take this into account when designing.
Digging and arranging a basement inside a finished building is extremely inconvenient and difficult.

If you decide to place the cellar on a site separate from the house, then you should carefully study the landscape here. The best option considered level open place, located on a small hill.

It is important to take into account the overall ensemble of buildings on the site. Cellars are not placed near compost pits, toilets, septic tanks, sewers, or enclosures with livestock. But near a summer kitchen, a house, or a utility shed, it would be quite appropriate.

It is advisable to provide a convenient and short path from your kitchen to the cellar, since you will have to walk along it quite often. It is better to turn on the lights twice: from the house and directly in the cellar.

Important!
Trees and plants with a powerful and developed root system should not be planted near the cellar, as this can destroy the waterproofing of walls and ceilings.

Construction of a wooden cellar

Construction starts from earthworks. If the groundwater level allows, then dig a pit 2.5 - 3 meters deep so that the room is completely underground and has a ceiling height that is normal for a person.

You can check the groundwater level at the gardening association, with your neighbors, or at the regional geodetic service. You can also measure the depth of the water surface in a nearby well.

As an example, we have compiled instructions for building a recessed wooden cellar:

1. We dig a pit 3 meters deep. The dimensions should be 50 - 60 cm larger than the room in each direction for ease of processing the walls;
2. The soil should be compacted at the bottom, and four holes 70 cm deep should be dug in the corners at a distance of at least 50 cm from any of the walls;
3. The bottom of the pits is covered with a 15 cm thick layer of sand and gravel, and then covered with polyethylene with a full wrap around the walls. 2.5-meter sections of 100x100 mm pine beams are installed in the pits and concreted. The part of the beam to be concreted must be covered with bitumen;
4. The floor is covered with a layer of crushed stone, which is spilled with melted bitumen or resin. You can leave the dirt floor if the soil inside is dry;
5. When the pillars gain strength, they are tied. To do this, a 100x100 mm beam is laid on the upper ends, connecting it into half a tree and nailing it to the ends of the pillars with two nails;
6. The walls from the outside are covered with a strong board 40–50 mm thick or with a slab. For fastening, it is better to use galvanized nails or self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating. On one side it is necessary to make a doorway and dig a descent for the stairs opposite it;
7. The ceiling can be made of logs or timber. Also suitable durable board 150x50 mm or laminated wood board. On top of the ceiling you should lay polystyrene foam in a layer of 100 mm or fill it with expanded clay, straw or sawdust;
8. Don’t forget to remove the ventilation pipes, one for exhaust, one for ventilation;
9. The outside walls should be coated, then the entire structure should be covered with a waterproofing membrane, polyethylene or roofing felt. It is desirable that the insulating carpet has a minimum of seams;
10. A staircase should be built opposite the doorway. It can be assembled from boards or made of concrete, brick or stone;
11. The pit should be filled with clay. It will create an additional barrier to moisture;
12. A canopy needs to be built over the entrance. Usually they make a classic basement entrance with a sloping roof or a gable canopy. Subsequently, a barn or summer kitchen can be placed above the cellar.

Important!
Everything wooden parts Before work, they must undergo deep impregnation with a complex antiseptic with antifungal action.

Conclusion

Wooden cellar – a good place for storing any food, vegetables or preserves. You can do it yourself, provided you follow all the rules for preparing the material and waterproofing the structures. The video in this article will make our instructions clearer.

Gardeners who are in love with their work take great pleasure in growing vegetables and stocking up on the fruits of their labors for the winter. Numerous seams and vegetables neatly stacked in boxes need special conditions storage To provide them, you need high-quality: dry and cool. In this material from the site we will talk about how to organize a cellar on your site so that it meets all the requirements.

Advantages of constructing a separate cellar for storing vegetables and types of structures

Storage located outside the home has its undoubted advantages. The main thing is the temperature regime. The home basement is always much warmer, which means there will be higher humidity. In such conditions, carrots and potatoes begin to sprout, and apples wither. In addition, mice and rats tend to move into a warm home cellar. Another thing is a free-standing structure. If it's done right, it's cool. all year round.

Such designs also have disadvantages. In winter you will have to go outside to get a jar. If the entrance to the cellar is covered with snow, you will have to wave.

The question naturally arises: how to organize the simplest cellar with your own hands so that it has a convenient entrance and optimal conditions storage in the form of vegetables and glass jars with home canned food?

There are three main types of structures that can often be found in summer cottages: cellars with a drainage cushion, classic underground cellars, and semi-buried storage facilities.

How to make an above-ground cellar if groundwater is nearby

Such structures are relevant for areas with high groundwater levels. To avoid moisture penetration, the base of the cellar is made on a high drainage pad. To do this, sand, expanded clay or crushed stone are poured into a shallow pit (40-70 cm). This pillow guarantees dryness in storage. The pillow is laid on top, a reinforcing frame is placed and poured concrete base. Afterwards, the cellar itself is built from bricks or blocks. For reliability, experts recommend masonry. Mineral wool has proven itself to be excellent in this regard. But you can replace it with sawdust, small expanded clay or other backfill material.

Important! If you use sawdust as insulation, it needs to be processed copper sulfate or lime.

The outside walls of the cellar are protected with moisture insulation, and the roof is covered with metal or other materials. The under-roof space is also important in terms of quality. The ideal option for constructing a cellar with your own hands in a private house is to then fill this entire structure with an earthen mound. In this case, the storage will have ideal conditions, of course, provided that a ventilation system is installed.

For your information! For waterproofing cellars, you can use any types of materials: roll, membrane, coating and mastic.

How to make a traditional underground cellar correctly

Underground storage facilities are built quickly and, thanks to the special heat-insulating properties of the soil, never let their owners down. If there are no problems with the groundwater level at the site, then this the best choice for storing vegetables.

For an earthen cellar, you need to dig a pit with a slight slope of the walls towards the outer edges. This expansion is necessary to ensure that the soil does not crumble over time. Additionally, the walls should be reinforced with plank sheathing.

Advice! If you are lining the walls of the cellar with wood, make the lining collapsible. In this case, it will be possible to dry the boards in the sun in the summer. This way there will be no mold or rot on them.

To maintain dryness in the underground storage, you also need to arrange the floor on a sand and gravel cushion.

The ceiling is sewn up and a layer of compacted clay and earth at least half a meter thick is placed on top of them. A ditch at least 40 cm deep is made around the cellar to drain water.

Semi-buried cellar made of bricks or blocks

Another model of country storage is semi-buried. As you already understand from the name, this is something between an earthen and above-ground structure. The walls of such structures are made of blocks, and the storage itself is sunk into the ground approximately half its height.

How to choose the right storage

The main criterion for choosing the type of construction is. If the site is regularly flooded in the spring or is located in a swampy area, do not hesitate to choose a ground-based structure.

If there are no problems with flooding, and the site is located on a plain, build a semi-buried structure. And you won’t have to dig a deep pit, and it will be convenient to use the cellar.

How to quickly and efficiently make a cellar in the ground with your own hands

The main thing in building a storage facility is to choose the right location. It should not be too far from home so that you don’t have to carry cans and bags of vegetables far. To dig a pit, it is important that the soil is not rocky. It is not advisable to place the storage close to garden trees– you will damage the roots during construction, and then these same roots will destroy the walls of your cellar in retaliation.

Step-by-step instructions for arranging an underground cellar at your dacha with your own hands

Now let’s look at the process of arranging a cellar in more detail.

Illustration	Description of action
	Make markings for the future cellar based on the dimensions concrete slabs(if you are going to use them). In addition to the storage chamber itself, you need to mark out the place to go down into it.
	Dig a pit, making a slight slope of the walls, as we recommended above.
	The inclined entrance should be approximately 1.2 m wide and 4.5 m long. The slope for comfortable descent is 30-35 ºС.
	Fill the sand and gravel bed, lay the reinforcing mesh on it and fill the concrete floor.
	In the process of arranging the formwork for the walls, immediately lay pipes for ventilation. The pipes should be placed on opposite walls at different heights.
	Install wall reinforcement and formwork around the entire perimeter of the storage facility, including the entrance area.
	Lay it out in advance in the places where the steps will be located.
	Pour concrete around the entire perimeter of the storage facility. Wait until it becomes and remove the formwork. There is no need to rush in this process; stick to the deadline.
	It's time to decide how to cover the cellar. Place concrete slabs on the roof and cover them with waterproofing mastic. If you do not plan to use slabs, make formwork and reinforcement for pouring.
	Insulate the storage ceiling with penoplex or other reliable heat insulator.
	To protect the heat insulator, cover it and add a layer of soil on top. A self-made cellar lid is extremely reliable.
	As a result, you will get a warm and comfortable cellar in which your products will be completely safe.

Some nuances in the arrangement of the cellar ventilation system

An important factor in the normal functioning of a storage facility is ventilation. Without her, the cellar will always be damp, wood paneling and the shelves will become covered with mold, the lids of jars will become rusty, and the vegetables will rot.

It consists of a fresh air supply pipe and a channel through which the air will leave this room. The easiest way is to take two plastic pipes large diameter(approximately 15 cm) and place them as follows: the entrance to the supply pipe should be located half a meter from the floor, and an exhaust hole should be located on the opposite side under the ceiling.

Important! Exhaust and supply pipes should not be placed at the same height.

Top edge ventilation pipes need to be protected from rain with a canopy. It would be a good idea to install mesh rodent barriers in the pipes.

Construction technology for above-ground storage structure

In order to build an above-ground structure, you will need building material - this may not necessarily be brick or blocks. The walls of the storage facility can be made from a mixture of clay, adobe, or po, using several layers of high-quality insulation.

How to make an above-ground cellar at your dacha with your own hands: step by step

The thicker the walls of an above-ground cellar, the better it will maintain the optimal temperature. Step-by-step construction of a cellar with your own hands will look like this.

Illustration	Description of action
	As in the first case, you need to make markings. Dig a shallow pit and make a gravel bed for waterproofing.
	Place it on the bottom of the pit waterproofing material and reinforcing mesh. Pour the concrete base.
	After the foundation is established, begin bricklaying.
	As you build the walls, protect them from the outside with waterproofing film. Use roll material.
	When the height of the cellar is sufficient, lay a metal profile or flat slate as a base for pouring.
	To cover the cellar with your own hands, install a reinforcing mesh and fill the roof of the cellar with concrete.
	Make an entrance area and steps, cover it all with a roof.
	Cover the structure with soil for better thermal insulation. A self-made bulk cellar will be your reliable assistant.

How to make comfortable shelves with your own hands in the cellar: photo examples

The storage system in the cellar should have shelves for displaying cans and drawers for storing vegetables. What shelves and drawers in the cellar can be made from is a question that becomes key at the moment of arranging the finished structure.

The simplest and a budget option for storing vegetables - plastic perforated boxes. They have special grooves, thanks to which you can place them one on top of the other. Shallow, they provide good ventilation, so necessary for vegetables and fruits. If desired, the fruits in such boxes can be sprinkled with shavings or sawdust, having previously laid newspapers so that the filling does not spill into the openings of the boxes.

You can also store vegetables in large wooden boxes. But you will have to periodically go through the entire box to remove spoiled fruits, and getting them out when the box is almost empty will not be very convenient.

Salted cucumbers, sauerkraut and other starter cultures are best placed in airtight containers plastic barrels.

And finally, the shelves. They can be made from wood or. In any case, they must be stable, attached to the walls and strong enough to support a lot of weight. Keep in mind: a three-liter jar of home canned food weighs approximately 4.5-5 kg. Just think, if you put 10 cans in 2 rows on a rack, that’s already 100 kg.

The metal frame will ensure the strength of the structure; you do not risk accidentally breaking the can when placing it on wooden surface. The boards can be exposed to the sun in the summer so that they dry properly.

Important! The material for the shelves in the cellar must be carefully processed to protect it from rot and corrosion. The wood needs to be sanded and the metal needs to be painted.

What are ready-made cellars for a summer residence and features of their installation?

Can be used as a ready-made structure for a cellar. The volume of such structures is thousands of liters. They are made of durable plastic and have stiffening ribs. Such cellars come with a side or vertical entrance. Here you can install a ventilation system. Such caissons can be dug into the ground, even if the water level is very high.

The disadvantage of plastic cellars is their more than decent cost. The bunker itself will cost about 65 thousand rubles. And if you install it by attracting hired workers, then that’s another 40 thousand on top. Why so expensive? The fact is that when the groundwater is high, the caissons are squeezed out of the ground. Correct installation provides for the installation of a concrete base. In addition, installing a ventilation system in a plastic box is not an easy task; you will have to invite a professional. Another difficult point is installing storage shelves. It is difficult to attach them to walls or floors without breaking the tightness of the caisson. You will have to prepare special spacers, and the design of the racks will not be particularly reliable. So it turns out that only boxes of potatoes can be stored in such a cellar. 100-120 thousand is a bit expensive for such purposes, you will agree.

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Owners country houses and dachas know firsthand how useful an above-ground cellar can be in everyday life. Indeed, such rooms are extremely spacious, which is also combined with an optimal microclimate. They are designed to store various products for a long time. It is noteworthy that you can build it with your own hands; you just need to know the intricacies of installing an above-ground cellar, which will be discussed in this article.

Peculiarities

The main feature of cellars is the need noted above for its location relative to ground level. Unlike its analogues (for example, an underground cellar), the cellar is located exclusively on the surface.

Types of cellars:

• separate– the structure is not integrated with other buildings and is an autonomous object;
• wall-mounted– in this case, the storage is, as it were, part of already existing structure, for example, a barn, a bathhouse or a house.

Advantages:

• complete isolation from the electricity system and, as a result, saving money;
• large size, capacity, spaciousness;
• ease of use;
• complete absence of flooding;
• perfectly performs all its functions regardless of the time of year outside the window.

Flaws:

• loss of part of the land for the installation of the structure;
• there is interference in the structure of the landscape of the site, it can be minimized if you use the option of a wall cellar;
• waste of time and material resources on hydraulic work.

an above-ground roof cellar can be built, for example, from foam blocks or red brick. Exist different types cellars Let's look at the installation methods for each of them in more detail: how to do it step by step, explain the structure and present the project.

Device

The construction of a ground cellar is simple. It is a spacious room for storing canned foods and vegetables. It can be decorated to your liking with thematic decorative elements. The main elements are numerous shelves or mini-storages for certain products. In appearance, this is an unremarkable room, although it has its own individuality in the spirit of the old times. There are, of course, slight differences in the design depending on the type of above-ground cellar (there are several), which will be discussed later.

The surface option is quite popular.

Materials

An above-ground cellar is a fairly simple structure, but at the same time, it is reliable. For its construction they use various materials. Among them are:

• brick: red and white;
• tree;
• concrete (to create a cushion);
• roofing from various components (for roof construction);
• clay (to protect against rodents);
• roofing felt (to ensure waterproofing);
• sand, gravel, expanded clay.

This is not a complete list of components that ultimately form a full-fledged above-ground cellar. The quantity and type of materials depends on individual project, its size and so on.

Project

Creating the initial project – the most important stage in any matter. It is on this that all subsequent work will be based. It sets their main vector. You can compile it yourself, or you can contact specialists.

The primary task will be to choose a construction location. This issue cannot be approached irresponsibly. As you know, it is the location of construction that will influence its strength and durability and, most importantly, the freshness and safety of stored products.

First of all, you need to know that the building is being erected on a dry, elevated place. It is important that the groundwater is at least fifty centimeters down from the bottom of the cellar. If it is not possible to find a dry place on a hill, you need to create a tray from a mixture of gravel and sand.

Then they designate the dimensions of the perimeter and the future room, its internal layout.

How to do it yourself?

Exist different kinds ground cellars. You can build them with your own hands. Let's consider each of the varieties separately.

With embankment

It is worth noting that spending money on new materials is not necessary. Used materials are also suitable. This will save a lot of money.

You can use installation tips provided by professionals.

• Skinned logs are most often used for construction. Pay close attention to the dimensions: the diameter should not exceed twenty-five centimeters. After this, you need to apply a bitumen coating or fire to a height of about fifty centimeters. This is done to ensure maximum durability.
• Next you need to dig the logs into the ground. This is done along the perimeter of the future cellar. It is important to place them on the surface with the treated side.
• Then the upper sides are fastened together with large poles. All this together forms an integral structure.
• After this, a top covering of boards and a sheathing of slabs are created. If cracks appear, you need to caulk them. Moss is most suitable for this procedure.
• It is also necessary to remember about protection from moisture from inside the building. Here you need to resort to coating with bitumen mastic. The mixture must be heated.
• Next, roofing felt is applied. It provides high-quality waterproofing of the building.
• The walls at the ends need to be covered with boards and roofing material should also be applied.
• To retain heat inside the room, it is necessary to fill it with peat soil.

• On top layer the land is sown with grass or plants, such as turf.
• It is important to create a small groove near the structure, which, if necessary, will protect against water ingress.
• Entrance doors are most often installed double. From the north you need to use doors with insulation materials and install a canopy.
• An important element of construction is providing the premises with ventilation. A wooden box is most often used as a hood. It contains a special valve and two pipes: exhaust and flow.
• If after construction there is a feeling that the hill, which is the basis for it, is superfluous and does not fit into the overall design concept, you can turn the situation into a plus and use it as an additional design object. For example, plant beautiful flowers on it or install garden figurines and so on.
• The most common sizes of such cellars are 4 by 8 meters. If the operating rules are followed, the building can last up to ten years.
• If there is no time, energy or desire to carry out systematic cleaning and processing, you can choose the option of a collapsible design.

Remember that the edges of the cellar roof should almost reach the ground and create the shape of a hut. Snow in the cold season will serve as an excellent natural insulation.

Without embankment

Unlike the previous version, this design does not look like a hut, but is an ordinary small house.

Elements of such a building:

• walls;
• window providing ventilation;
• roof, which is also covered with roofing felt;
• pillow in the basement;
• protection against insects and rodents made of clay;
• entrance doors;

This is a fairly simple building, which you can also erect with your own hands if you carefully study all the stages and follow the rules.

• The dimensions of the future cellar and its perimeter are measured.
• Removing turf.
• Preparing the base - the pit. Its depth should be no more than sixty centimeters.
• The remaining soil does not need to be removed. It will come in handy later.
• The created site is leveled, the “foundation” of the building is created.
• Control over the position of a special pillow that provides necessary waterproofing. The following common materials are suitable: sand (coarse), gravel (fine), and expanded clay.

• Guaranteed protection against possible attacks of rodents and insects is provided. To do this, clay is diluted and placed in a layer of no more than twelve centimeters on a pre-installed pillow, after which the area is covered with bricks.
• The walls are built on the sides using bricks. They are connected thanks to a lime mixture with the addition of clay and sand.
• The remaining walls and ceiling are being constructed. For this, large boards are most often used (their thickness should reach about five centimeters). Their rows are necessarily reinforced with material to create thermal insulation. This can be the usual expanded clay or even polystyrene foam.
• Ruberoid coating occurs. This is necessary to ensure that there are no drafts in the room.
• Installation of doors from inside and outside. For comfortable operation in cold climates, you can use special insulation or build a kind of small vestibule. You can also install a pipe for ventilation here.
• One of the final stages is the creation roofing. It can be single or double sloped. In this case, you can use the extremely common material slate or the well-known roofing material.

Wall-mounted

As noted earlier, this method is quite convenient: it saves a significant amount of space on the site, because it is, as it were, attached to the load-bearing side of the house or any other building.

The wall cellar consists of:

• own walls;
• the walls of the house or building to which it is adjacent;
• ceiling;
• gender;
• embankments;
• roofing felt coatings;
• roofs;
• specially designated storage area.

To store and store preparations and vegetables for the winter, many summer residents decide to build a cellar on their own backyard, which is quite justified for several reasons. Firstly, independent work will save a lot of money, especially considering that the work itself on organizing the cellar cannot be called very complicated. Secondly, such a design near the house makes it possible to consume scarce vegetables and vitamins in the winter.

In this article we will try to cover as fully and in detail as possible the topic of how to build a cellar on a site with your own hands. We will list the different types of structures for self-construction, offer instructions for each type of building, and also look at already ready-made solutions, available in the store. Go!

Cellar with concrete walls: instructions

The first step is to make preparation, namely, decide on building materials, location and dimensions of the cellar. We decided to choose a project made from bulk expanded clay concrete, since this option copes well with maintaining a constant temperature, and moisture will not penetrate into such a room. As for depth, in our case optimal indicator will be considered 3 meters.

Important point! At self-construction and choosing a place for a cellar is worth stopping on elevated areas. This way you can avoid the risk of the pit being flooded with groundwater in the spring.

Let's move on to digging a pit. For greater comfort when descending into the cellar, a hole should be dug rectangular shape. The walls and floor of the underground structure should be thoroughly compacted! A gravel or crushed stone backfill is created on the floor, which is then filled with a clay solution.

If your site is located in a low-lying area and there is a risk of the pit being flooded, then you should use a concrete mortar instead of clay. In this case, before pouring it will be necessary to lay a steel mesh.

The construction of walls can be carried out by the most different ways, it all depends on the material used. Alternatively, you can arrange concrete walls. For this purpose, formwork with longitudinal reinforcement is placed in the pit, after which it is filled with concrete. The formwork is dismantled after a few days.

Another good option is to build walls from expanded clay concrete or reinforced concrete blocks. The process of laying the material is identical. Even at the planning stage, it is worth considering places for organizing ventilation and doorways for greater comfort in the operation of the cellar.

After the walls comes the creation of the ceiling. To do this, again, formwork is created from chipboard, which is laid on top of the supports.

The formwork contains reinforcement mesh, which is then filled with concrete.

It will allow you to forget about the moisture inside the pit waterproofing! In our case, this is coating waterproofing using bitumen mastic, which will be applied both from the outside and inside walls On top of the ceiling, directly on the mastic, a layer of roofing material is laid, which will act as an additional waterproofing of the cellar.

The final stage of building a cellar with your own hands will be backfilling the pit and concrete floor earth.

Advice! When backfilling the floor and pit, make sure that there are no sharp objects or stones left in the ground that could damage the roofing felt layer, thereby compromising the waterproofing of the room.

In the end, all that remains is to improve the storage, namely, carry out electrical installations, install a ladder and a door, and also place inside special places for storing vegetables and racks for preparations and cans.

Video

Brick cellar: work order

If desired for country house The cellar can also be built from brick. To create such a building with your own hands, you can follow the following procedure.

After the final determination of the location for the cellar, taking into account the previously stated recommendations, you can immediately proceed to digging a pit of the required dimensions. In our example, the hole will be 2 by 2 meters.

After thoroughly compacting the floor and walls, we proceed to pouring the concrete floor slab followed by waterproofing.

For the construction of the walls, bricks were used with the thickness of the masonry in one row.

During masonry work, you should constantly check the evenness of the walls when using a level and plumb line!

After the walls we move on to the ceiling. To this end wooden joists, pre-impregnated with an antiseptic composition, installed along the walls. A flooring is laid on them, on top of which a 25-30 centimeter layer of sawdust is placed.

A wooden hatch will act as a door inside. Don’t forget to insulate it with polystyrene foam so that the jars with blanks do not freeze in winter.

The final structure in a homemade cellar with brick walls will be a wooden one. gable roof, on one side of which there will be an entrance door with a hole for ventilation.

It makes sense to dig a small ditch along the perimeter of the above-ground part of the cellar, where water from the roof will drain in the future during rain.

As for ventilation, in our case we used a pair of pipes with a diameter of half a meter. One was placed 20 centimeters from the ceiling diagonally, the second was placed at the same distance from the floor.

Red brick cellar

The creation of such a cellar, as in the case of other varieties, begins with digging a pit no more than 3.5 meters deep. As a result, we should get two rooms: a staircase and a vestibule.

After digging the pit, we carefully compact the steps of the stairs, the floor and walls of the room.

We are pouring concrete for the floor. After it hardens, you can proceed to laying brick walls.

It is important to emphasize that laying walls can only begin after the concrete has set and gained about 70 percent of its rigidity!

Rolled metal is placed on top of the finished walls, which will serve as a kind of basis for the future ceiling.

Right on metal frame The formwork is set up and the concrete mixture is poured.

After the concrete has completely hardened, you can proceed to the construction of the above-ground part of the cellar using red brick. At the end the roof is installed.

Do-it-yourself storage in the country

Before proceeding with the construction of the cellar, it is necessary to prepare in advance all the necessary drawings, draw up at least a preliminary work plan and calculate the amount of building materials. During planning, it is important to consider that the finished storage must meet the following requirements:

• The room must have good ventilation;
• It is important to keep the inside cool;
• In the underground part there should be autonomous system electricity;
• It is necessary to take measures to protect preparations and vegetables from mice;
• The temperature regime in the basement should not be too harsh.

Reconstruction of a cellar at the dacha

The first step is to remove everything from the underground covering, after which you can move on to cleaning the deciduous and earthen layers, followed by disassembling the knurling. It would be more correct if the listed work began to be carried out from the edge to the center!

The next step is to dismantle the old masonry walls with beams.

Foundation arrangement . For this purpose, a pit is dug in which formwork is created. In order to remain relatively warm inside the cellar, the thickness of the walls should be at least one brick thick. In our case, the height of the foundation reached 150 millimeters.

Before pouring the concrete mixture, reinforcement with a diameter of 16 millimeters is laid in the formwork in 3 rows. Each row of reinforcement is welded together using metal strips. Only after this can the structure be filled with cement. The formwork is dismantled after a few days.

You can avoid problems if you weld a figure-eight rod to the reinforcement in advance, even at the stage of installing the foundation!

Klaky brick walls . The first or, as it is also called, the zero row of bricks is laid directly on top of the concrete surface of the foundation with a poke. In the center above it there is a strip of steel metal, on which the embedded parts are fixed. Thanks to this solution, reliable and high-quality grounding is achieved.

All subsequent rows are laid in half a brick, while steel strips should be placed after each row. This will provide the basement walls with greater strength. There is no need to connect the strips together!

When building basement walls with your own hands, it is important to ensure that during construction there are no voids or gaps between the materials. Otherwise, rodents may enter the cellar through them in the future.

When the height of one meter is reached when laying the walls, you can proceed to arranging fresh ventilation; in our case, sewer pipes were used for this.

You can organize waterproofing of basement walls using sheets of roofing felt.

Creating a slab and top trim . Only after laying 21 rows of bricks can the upper part be tied using metal elements. To do this, a sheet of roofing material is laid on top of the last layer of brick, which is then covered with earth. In our example, two profiles from I-beam No. 12 were used for strapping, which was sawn in the middle. A section of rail was used as a beam.

The next step is to carefully secure the ladder!

Pouring 100mm reinforced concrete floor begins with the construction of formwork and installation of reinforcement. Afterwards the structure is filled with concrete.

At the end of the construction work in the cellar, the screed made of the finest crushed stone is filled with cement, the floor is insulated using a 5-centimeter layer of polystyrene foam, and a hatch is placed.

Electrical supply and finishing work are being carried out, during which it will be enough to simply whitewash the surfaces of the walls.

When conducting finishing works Don't forget to place the canopy over the ventilation pipes!

The difference between a basement and a cellar

In most cases, the basement is arranged as an underground room inside the house. As a rule, it is used as a place to place garden equipment, less often as a workshop, etc. The cellar is built mainly for storing vegetables and products. In addition, the cellar is often constructed as a separate room located outside the building.

How to convert a basement into a cellar with your own hands?

If there is a basement inside your country house, then if necessary, you can easily convert it into a cellar with your own hands - you just need to place racks inside for storing vegetables, and also install wooden partition for the purpose of dividing the basement. At the same time, the cellar will require a ladder, fans and lighting.

The stairs leading to the basement should remain comfortable and without steep steps!

If in winter the temperature in the basement dropped below zero, then additional wall insulation. Before this, it makes sense to apply slaked lime or an antifungal composition to the surfaces of the walls. As thermal insulation material Styrofoam, glass insulation or rolled roofing felt will do. The insulation itself is covered fiberboard sheets or plywood.

In addition to walls, a basement may need in floor insulation, which is realized through polyethylene film and timber laid on top. If necessary, you can fill the floor with bitumen, create a 5-6 cm flooring of sawdust, covered with wood on top.

How to build a cellar in a country house?

An ordinary cellar is made in the form of a simple pit with concrete walls, on top of which a roof is placed. It is recommended to build such a structure on a high place so that during periods of abundant water, groundwater does not reach the underground room.

Work order

1. Preparation of drawings. In our case, the depth of the basement will be 1.0-1.2 meters, dimensions - 1.5-2.0 meters.
2. Digging a pit in the case of a separately located cellar.
3. The bottom of the pit is filled with a 5-7 cm layer of crushed stone or pebbles, a steel mesh and formwork are installed, after which cement is poured.
4. After the concrete has hardened, you can proceed to laying brick walls.
5. Along the perimeter of the basement, on top of the walls, 50 by 50 millimeter bars are laid. A hatch is installed, insulated with ordinary polystyrene foam.

Types of ready-made solutions

Barrel cellar

To create such a solution, high-quality fiberglass is used. The cellar in the form of a barrel is an absolutely sealed structure, and therefore it can be placed in any place and soil. Operational period finished product reaches 50 years. Design features ensure a constant internal temperature, which allows you to store vegetables and food inside without any danger. To place it on your own site, you just need to dig a hole, place a cellar inside and fill the barrel back.

Ready-made models

Similar to the previous model, many conventional ready-made cellars are designed to last 50 years. As a rule, they are made from seamless plastic. Along with them, the set usually contains: forced ventilation, steel staircase, hood, built-in light source, etc. For installation similar product With your own hands, you just need to dig a pit of the required dimensions, place the device inside and fill the structure back so that only a rectangular hatch is visible above the ground.

Cellar in the form of a capsule

If you don’t have time to build a cellar with your own hands, you can purchase a ready-made structure in the form of a capsule in the store. From the outside, such a product resembles a ball with a ladder. To install the product, similar to other models, it is enough to dig a hole, place a container inside and fill the voids with earth. Only the door inside will be visible above the ground.

How to build a cellar with your own hands: step-by-step instructions, video review. The cellar is an important element of any suburban area, it is indispensable for storing vegetables, fruits and canning. The article contains information on how to build a cellar at your dacha with your own hands: step by step description will help to take into account a lot of nuances, starting from the right choice place and ending with the installation of waterproofing and electrical wiring. The external arrangement of the building is also of great importance, and the construction of shelving and drawers will help to effectively use the space.

The process of constructing red brick cellar walls

Types and features of cellars

Do not confuse the cellar and the basement. Building a cellar at your dacha with your own hands can come down to simply digging a hole and minimally arranging it. The choice of the type of structure depends on many parameters, for example, on its intended purpose, on the climatic conditions of the region, financial capabilities, etc. Also, when choosing the type and materials for building a cellar in a country house with your own hands, you need to take into account its location.

It is easier to build a separate building than, for example, to build a cellar under the house, but this option will require more materials, and therefore more finance. Making storage under a residential building or outbuilding will be cheaper, but this option is limited in space.

Arranging a cellar will allow you to preserve preserved food and other products for a long time

One of the most popular options is an ice cellar. It copes well with the function of long-term storage of food even in the hot season and is especially in demand in the southern regions. It is quite difficult and expensive to build this type of cellar in a private house with your own hands, but the result is characterized by high performance characteristics, durability and reliability.

Another a good option This building is a storage facility of two sections. As a rule, this type is used when it is necessary to avoid mixing the odors of various vegetables and fruits that are simultaneously stored in the cellar. To build such a storage facility, you need less materials than for a glacier.

A separate type of cellar is a wine cellar. It is used for storing wine products and has its own design features and nuances that must be taken into account in order to properly build the cellar. As a rule, in such storage you can store not only wine, but also various preserves.

A wine cellar has design features that must be taken into account at the construction planning stage

The nuances of arranging a cellar with your own hands at a high groundwater level

When choosing a location for storage, it is very important to take into account factors such as total soil moisture and groundwater level. The lower it is, the easier it will be to build the structure, and the less often repairs will be needed. If we are talking about a free-standing building, then you should choose the most high place on your site. It is best to determine the groundwater level when it is at its maximum, that is, in spring or autumn. If there is a well or borehole on the site, then you can determine the maximum elevation using them, otherwise you will have to drill a well separately.

It will be somewhat more difficult to build a cellar if groundwater is close. How to do this as efficiently as possible? First of all, it is necessary to pay great attention to the waterproofing of the structure. Also, with increased soil moisture for better waterproofing groundwater cellars should be used Construction Materials, characterized by increased resistance to water. In this case, you should not use wood or plywood, but rather give preference to concrete and brick.

Scheme of a separate cellar: 1 - foundation; 2 - steps; 3 - protective fence; 4 - walls; 5 - ceiling vault; 6 - ventilation; 7 - waterproofing; 8 - bulk soil

Helpful advice! You can check the groundwater level by folk signs. To do this, you need to leave a piece of wool at the construction site and egg, and cover them with a clay pot on top. If in the morning there is dew on both the wool and the egg, then groundwater is close, but if there is only dew on the wool, it is far away.

Recommendations for building a cellar with your own hands: how to do it as efficiently as possible

Regardless of what type of construction you choose or what materials you plan to use, there are a number of general recommendations, which should be followed when step by step construction DIY cellars:

• if you are going to use wooden elements, then they must be pre-treated with a special impregnation to protect them from the harmful effects of moisture;
• It is best to start building a cellar in the summer, when the groundwater level is at the lower level. In this case, the soil will be the driest, and the risk of flooding of the structure will be minimal;
• to provide efficient storage products, it is very important to consider the ventilation system;
• if you want the structure to maintain the desired temperature, it is recommended that when building a cellar with your own hands, you make two doors separated by a vestibule;

To really build good cellar, you need to carefully study the features of materials and types of structures

• special attention should also be paid to thermal insulation, then it will be ensured optimal temperature in the cellar at any time of the year;
• The choice of tools and materials for construction is very important, so you should familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages in advance various types. The construction itself must be carried out in a clearly recommended order.

Features of using various materials

Most often, materials such as brick or concrete blocks are used in construction. They tolerate it best high humidity and low temperatures, and are also characterized by durability, reliability and relatively low cost. When building a brick cellar with your own hands, you should take into account the operational characteristics of each type of this material:

• cinder block or foam brick is characterized by increased fragility, so these varieties are not recommended for use in the construction of underground storage;
• sand-lime brick is more durable, but reacts very poorly to high humidity. This means that a building made from it will not be able to boast long term operation;

The ideal material for building cellar walls is red brick.

• red brick is ideal option for a cellar in a private house. How to make a building from this material as efficient as possible can be learned from numerous step by step instructions from specialists.

If you decide to use concrete blocks in construction, then you will definitely need specialized construction equipment, since they are characterized by heavy weight. A cellar made from them will last a long time and maintain the temperature well.

Also, when building a cellar in a house with your own hands, you can use bricks that have already been used, if its condition allows it. And if you are simply going to line an earthen pit with wooden boards, they must be thoroughly treated with antiseptics to prevent rotting.

Note! The use of metal-reinforced concrete slabs is also possible. But in this case it will be quite difficult to maintain the desired temperature, so this material should not be used for a building in which you are going to store food.

Diagram of a semi-buried brick cellar

Do-it-yourself cellar at the dacha: step-by-step construction guide

Strict adherence to the sequence of actions is the key to a proper cellar. How to make the construction as efficient as possible, spending a minimum of time and effort on it? For this installation work must be done in a certain order.

Arrangement of the pit

The turf is removed from the selected area, after which the ground is leveled and markings are made. Many photos of a do-it-yourself cellar show that specialized construction equipment is often used to build a pit, but if this is not possible, then you can use shovels and spades. Job advantage hand tools is that this allows you to preserve the structure of the soil. If the soil in the selected area is loose, then the walls of the pit should be sloped to avoid crumbling.

Building a cellar with your own hands. Step 1: Digging a Hole

The dimensions of the cellar depend solely on your needs, but remember that the size of the pit should be 0.5 m larger than the size of the structure itself. In the process of building a cellar with your own hands, the excavated fertile soil can be distributed over summer cottage. After finishing the work, the evenness of the bottom should be measured with a level and corrected if necessary.

Construction of the foundation

Although you can do without this stage (by simply filling the bottom of the pit with crushed stone or filling it with bitumen), the arrangement of the foundation will increase the level of waterproofing of the cellar from groundwater. How to make the foundation as efficient as possible, but not too expensive? To do this, you can use a reinforcing frame, on top of which you pour concrete mixture. The recommended foundation height is about 40 cm. Installation of the foundation is a prerequisite when building a cellar in a country house with your own hands if groundwater is close. Thematic videos on the Internet will tell you how to make the foundation correctly.

Building a cellar with your own hands. Step 2: laying out the foundation

Walling

If you use brick to build a cellar under your house with your own hands, then you will need a number of specialized tools. These include a trowel, construction cord, mason's hammer, building level and a bucket for the solution. For greater work efficiency, you should use the help of another person.

A mixture of clay and sand or cement can be used as a mortar connecting the bricks. When building an underground or above-ground cellar with your own hands, laying should begin from the corners, and the first row should be laid without using mortar in order to more accurately plan the position of the wall. The bricks of the next rows must be sunk into the mortar until the seam thickness is approximately 12 mm.

Building a cellar with your own hands. Step 3: building walls

Helpful advice! Be sure to use a building level and plumb line when laying walls. Using the first, you check how evenly the brick is laid, and using the second, the correctness of the angles.

DIY cellar floor installation

When constructing a ceiling, it is best to use wooden boards. If the structure is being built under a house, then beams can be used as a ceiling, and the ceiling of an above-ground cellar at the dacha is made with your own hands step by step from PKZh slabs or slate. In this case, the surface can be flat or gable.

Thermal insulation of the ceiling is done according to the same principle as the thermal insulation of a conventional roof - the gap between wooden beams And roofing material filled with a layer of thermal insulation.

Building a cellar with your own hands. Step 4: installation of the ceiling

Types and features of floor installation in the cellar

There are many various options when arranging the floor in the cellar, which one is better depends on your preferences, the purpose of the building, the characteristics of the soil and other factors. You should also familiarize yourself with the specifics of each method in advance; this will help you quickly and efficiently build a cellar with your own hands. Both video and photo instructions can greatly facilitate the installation process.

Dirt floor- the simplest and cheapest option. There is a misconception that the correct floor in the cellar should only be earthen, but this is not so. Even well-compacted soil will not protect the room from dampness and mold.

If you nevertheless decide to make a dirt floor in the cellar, then the base must be carefully leveled and compacted, after which a layer of gravel about 10 cm thick is poured. The advantage of this option is zero installation cost, but there are many more disadvantages. These include a high risk of flooding and a high probability that metal elements will rust and wooden elements will rot.

Cellar with bulk sand floor

Concrete floor– a good option to protect the room from high groundwater. Concrete screed can act not only as a floor covering, but also as a base for the installation of other materials.

To build a concrete floor, it is very important to level the surface, after which a cushion of crushed stone and sand 15-20 cm thick is installed. The sand must be thoroughly moistened and compacted, and bitumen must be poured on top. In order for the concrete base to be as strong as possible, a metal grate can be installed on top of the bitumen layer. After this, you can begin pouring concrete.

You can install the waterproofing layer either on a sand cushion or on top of concrete. In the second case, it is necessary to pour another concrete layer on top.

Clay floor- a reliable, but very labor-intensive option in terms of installation. Requires large quantity high-quality material, so it is used quite rarely. Clay is considered one of the most environmentally friendly materials. It is laid on a base of crushed stone 10-15 cm thick, which can be impregnated with bitumen. Under the clay, it is worth installing a layer of waterproofing made of roofing felt or other material, and cracks that may form after drying are sealed with a clay-lime mixture.

The floor in the self-built cellar is made of concrete.

Brick covering– strong, durable and attractive in appearance. In addition, the material is quite cheap and easy to install. The brick floor is laid on a bed of fine crushed stone or gravel, and a clay mortar is poured on top. The bricks are slightly sunk into the mortar close to each other. You can also hammer cement mortar into the seams between the bricks using a stiff brush.

Wooden floor– used in above-ground cellars or where groundwater is very deep. Before installation, wood must be treated with special impregnations to extend its service life. Wooden boards are mounted on top of timber logs, which, in turn, are laid on a base of crushed stone and clay. It is best to fasten the boards using self-tapping screws, but you can simply nail them.

Note! For each of the materials you will need a separate set of tools, which it is better to purchase in advance.

Example of a ventilation device: 1 - for a cellar under the house; 2 - for a free-standing cellar

Design and installation of a cellar ventilation system

If you are building a ground-based structure, then the flow of air into the cellar can occur naturally through small openings. For underground structures, ventilation must be supply and exhaust. Exit exhaust pipe should be located near the ceiling, and the suction unit should be located near the floor. Many do-it-yourself photos of a cellar in a country house show that the ventilation outlets are equipped with special curtains, this allows you to more accurately control the temperature in the room.

Installation of stairs and doors

If the cellar is being built under the house or if you need to save space, you should make an almost vertical staircase to the cellar with your own hands. How to make it as safe as possible for descent? It is recommended to use handrails. Photos of a do-it-yourself cellar staircase show that it can be built from wooden planks fixed directly into the ground, as well as from brick or other materials.

Doors are mounted in ground-based design options; in other cases, a hatch is used. Making a cellar hatch with your own hands is quite simple.

The cellar is equipped with a metal staircase

Making a hatch

If the cellar is located under a house or outbuilding, then a hatch is used as an entrance partition. You can buy a cellar hatch, or you can make it yourself. The second option will allow you to get a design that exactly suits your needs. Self-installation hatch includes the following steps:

• a location for the future entrance is selected. It is very important that access to it is as simple as possible and not cluttered with shelves, drawers and other objects;
• The dimensions of the hatch are determined. It all depends on your needs, but its parameters should not be less than 75x75 cm. In order for the room to be airtight, the side edges of the hatch must be sheathed with a sealant;
• a cellar hatch cover is being made. How to make it light and durable? For this, it is best to use wooden boards impregnated with drying oil. They are connected to each other with slats, and a sheet of plywood is nailed to one side of the lid. If we are talking about a cellar in a residential building, then the top of the hatch cover can be sheathed with the same floor covering, as the floor around her. It is worth considering that if you plan to install a cellar hatch under tiles, its design must be made of sufficiently durable materials that can withstand all the ceramics. If you prefer to use steel, then for the lid you will need a sheet with a thickness of at least 3 mm, which is welded onto a metal frame;

Diagram of a cellar hatch

• a handle is attached. The best option would be a special hidden or folding design. If the cellar is located in a non-residential premises or there is a need to save money, then you can use a regular door handle;
• the hinges are screwed on. It could be ordinary door hinges or automobile ones with springs. The latter option will make it easier to open the lid and fix it in any position.

There are many answers to the question of how to make a cellar hatch with your own hands, so you should choose the option that is most suitable in your particular case.

Wiring and lighting

Due to the fact that the design of the cellar provides for high humidity, the wiring in it must be reliably insulated. The best option for wiring is copper wires with a double layer of insulation. Light bulbs should be placed in the driest places and additionally equipped with protective caps. It is strictly forbidden to make sockets when building a cellar. How to properly make wiring as safe as possible can be seen in training videos from specialists.

Light bulbs in the cellar must be placed in dry places and must be equipped with caps

Installation of waterproofing in the cellar

As already mentioned, insulation from moisture is very important point when building a cellar at the dacha with your own hands. How to make waterproofing most effective - there are many options, and the choice of the optimal one depends on the level of soil moisture and design features the buildings.

Waterproofing can be external or internal. The external one is done during the construction stage, while the external walls are sheathed with insulating materials, and gutters, drainage wells and other structures are installed. Internal insulation is done after the cellar is built. In this case, before using insulating materials, groundwater must be drained, otherwise the work will be ineffective.

Types of materials used for internal waterproofing

If you made a cellar in your country house with your own hands from waterproof concrete, then you are unlikely to need additional cladding with insulating material. But for a brick structure you can use the following waterproofing options:

• mastic or bitumen - used in cases where the groundwater level is below floor level. The solution is heated and applied in a thin layer to the walls, resulting in the formation of a reliable waterproof film;

Membrane type waterproofing material

• penetrating waterproofing is the most expensive, but also the most effective option. It is good because it increases not only the level of resistance of walls to moisture, but also their frost resistance. Also, penetrating waterproofing reliably seals all cracks and micropores, is characterized by a long service life and is quickly installed;
• Cement-based polymer mortar is one of the most reliable and easy-to-apply waterproofing materials. It fits tightly to the walls and reliably protects them from mechanical damage;
• membrane-type moisture insulation - consists of various polymers, among which liquid rubber based on bitumen is very popular.

Note! It is very important to have effective ventilation for reliable waterproofing cellars in the country with your own hands. How to build a ventilation system so that there is no condensation in the storage excess moisture? The installation of a supply and exhaust system is best suited for this.

Scheme of thermal and waterproofing of the cellar

Procedure for installing waterproofing

Numerous photos of a cellar in a private house show that waterproofing can be hidden under decorative wall panels. This is not a prerequisite, but only affects the appearance of the walls. The nuances of installing a waterproofing layer depend on the type of material chosen.

Waterproofing using bitumen or mastic for the walls of the cellar under the house with your own hands, as a rule, is not difficult. To do this, the walls must first be plastered, and the waterproofing itself is best applied in two layers. Before the coating dries completely, it is recommended to sprinkle it with fine dry sand.

Before installing penetrating moisture insulation, the surface of the walls must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust, and then moistened with water. After applying the insulation layer for several days, it also needs to be constantly moistened. Before installing penetrating waterproofing, concrete walls are treated with a wire brush.

One of the most effective options for moisture protection is penetrating waterproofing.

For application liquid rubber, the walls must be leveled and cleaned. After this, the surface is primed and a waterproofing material is applied to it using a brush, spatula or roller. Finishing materials can be mounted directly on a layer of liquid rubber after it has dried. Photos of wine cellars, for example, show that the walls are lined with wood panels.

The cement-polymer mixture is applied to well-moistened walls using a notched trowel or brush. It is best to do this in several layers.

DIY installation of shelves in the cellar: photos and instructions

Shelves and racks are integral elements of any cellar and basement. There are several types of cellar racks, which can be bought in specialized stores, but it is much easier and more economical to make them yourself. The most popular options are the following:

• Wooden shelving is one of the most common answers to the question of what to make a shelf from in the cellar. The material is environmentally friendly and easy to use, and for shelving it is best to use timber with a cross-section of 100x100 mm and boards 3-4 cm thick. The installation scheme is very simple - racks are made from timber, in which sockets are cut to secure the shelves. In order for wooden shelves to last longer, they are impregnated with special compounds;

Installation dimensions of a wooden cellar rack

• Concrete shelving is a good option if you want to know how to make your cellar shelves as durable and moisture-resistant as possible. To create concrete shelves, you can use reinforced concrete slabs or niches in the walls that are filled with concrete screed;
• shelves made of steel angle – used in rooms with low humidity levels, otherwise the structures can very quickly begin to rust. In order to make a shelf in the cellar for cans, as a rule, it is used welding machine, but you can get by with simple self-tapping screws. First, frames are made from metal slats, then shelves are attached to them;
• plastic shelving is one of the most economical and simple options, which is distinguished by its attractive appearance and resistance to moisture. However, plastic does not tolerate low temperatures quite well, so it cannot boast of durability.

Helpful advice! When wondering how to make a shelf in the cellar with your own hands, and what material to choose for this, consider the level of humidity in the room, as well as average weight cans and boxes that will be stored on racks. Concrete can easily withstand even very heavy loads, but plastic cannot boast of this.

There are wooden shelves along the walls of the cellar

From the same materials you can make boxes for potatoes in the cellar. As a rule, they are equipped with removable covers, which are installed if necessary. Regardless of what material you choose, in the warm season it is recommended to take shelves and drawers outside to dry. This will prevent the occurrence of mold and the proliferation of pathogens.

When construction and interior design the cellar will be completed, you can think about exterior decoration ground structure. Its option depends solely on your preferences - you can simply pour an earthen hill, or you can decorate it with turf or ornamental grass, turning into an element landscape design. During the process of building a cellar with your own hands, use video and photo instructions that will help you take into account all the nuances and arrange a practical and functional room.